Local SEO involves optimizing a business's online presence to target customers searching for products and services within a specific geographic area. There are five key components to effective local SEO: online listings with Google, Apple, Facebook, and Bing; citations from other websites; positive reviews on sites like Yelp and Google; relevant links from local organizations; and an optimized website with location and contact details prominently displayed. Proper implementation of these local SEO tactics can help brick-and-mortar, service-based, and home-based businesses attract more customers from their local community.