This document provides an overview of hot water supply systems, including electrical and solar heating systems. It discusses the types of hot water systems, focusing on electrical tank-less and storage water heaters as well as solar water heating systems. The key advantages and disadvantages of each system are outlined. Solar water heating is highlighted as a clean energy alternative that is well-suited for Malaysia's climate.

1. Building Services 1 (BLD 60403)
HOT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM (PART 1)

2. LECTURE OVERVIEW
1. Introduction
2. Types of hot water system
3. Electrical heating system
4. Solar heating system

3. 1. INTRODUCTION
 Thermodynamic process.
 Using an energy source to heat water above its
initial temperature.
 Domestic uses of hot water –cooking, cleaning,
bathing and space heating.
 Industry, both hot water and water heated to
steam have many uses.

4. Traditionally:-
 Domestically, water is heated in vessels known
as water heaters, kettles etc.
 These metal vessels heat a batch of water but do
not produce a continual supply of heated water at
a present

5. Common energy for heating water:-
 fossil fuels
 natural gas
 liquefied petroleum gas
 oil or
 sometimes solid fuels.
These fuels may be consumed directly or by the use
of electricity.

7. Alternative energy:-
 solar energy
 heat pumps
 hot water heat recovering and
 sometimes geothermal heating
usually in combination with backup systems
supplied by gas, oil or electricity.

8. Heat Recovering Unit
Solar Energy
Ground Source Heat Pump

9. Geothermal Heating

10. 2. TYPES OF HOT WATER SYSTEM

11.  The cost of heating water by electricity is more
expensive than heating by other fuels.
 Care is required when installing electric water
heater in order to conserve heat.
3. ELECTRICAL HEATING SYSTEM

12. There are two types of electrical hot water system:-
i. Tank-less Water System (Instantaneous water
heaters)
ii. Storage systems

13. i) Tank-less Water Heating System:-
 Also call instantaneous.
 Provide continuous flow, instant on water heaters.
 Give instant hot water day or night.
 Instantly heat water as it flows through the device
 Do not retain any water internally.

15. Water for tank-less heater obtainable in the
following:-
 Sink heaters – single or multi-point to serve sink
or basin.
 Bath heaters – a swivel spout can serve a wash
basin in addition to the bath.
 Boiling water heaters – provide hot water or
boiling water for making drinks.
 Multiple heaters – provide sufficient hot water to
bath, sink, basin or may be used in larger
building.

16. Tank-less Heater

17. Advantages of Tank-less Water Heating System
 Long term energy savings
 Cost more initially, but, result cost saving and energy
saving in long term.
 Water is heated only when it is needed
 No storage of hot water.
 Unlimited hot water

18.  Less Physical space
 Can be mounted on a wall or even internally in a
building’s structure.
 Take up less space than a tank type water heater.
 Reduced risk of water damage
 No risk of water damage from a tank failure.
 Risk or water damage from a pipe or fitting failure
remains.

19. Disadvantages of Tank-less Water Heating System
× Start-up delay
 longer wait to obtain hot water.
× No operation with low pressure
 Very much reliant on the water pressure that is
delivered to the property.

20. ii) Storage System:-
Storage System Water Heater

21. Storage system:-

22. Advantages of Storage System
 High flow rates
 Power shower capability
 Low maintenance costs
 Less risk of being without supply

23. Disadvantages of Storage System
× Pre heat hot water needed.
× Hot water require recovery time.
× Storage space needed.
× Risk of pipes freezing in winter.

24. 4. SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM

25.  Water heated by the use of solar energy.
 Composed of:-
 solar thermal collectors
 a water storage tank
 interconnecting pipes and
 a fluid system to move the heat from the collector to
the tank.
 Solar collector typically 3-6m2 in area
 Standard package with appliances.

26. Solar Panel System

29. Solar Heating In Malaysia
 Malaysia has a high solar energy potential
(monthly average daily sunshine duration
ranging from 4 hr to 8 hr.)
 Clean energy of tomorrow.
 Solar energy or solar photovoltaic.
 Attractive incentive to encourage usage of solar
energy.

30. Advantages of Solar Water Heating System
 Safety - No gas leak, no dangerous explosion, no
electricity mishaps. Safe
 Savings - No electric bills, no gas bills – the
product pays for itself.
 Convenient - Rain or shine. Enjoy a hot shower
any time of the day.

31. Comparison of Electrical Water Heater & Solar Water Heater

32. THANK YOU
CHILDREN ARE QUICK AND ALWAYS SPEAK THEIR MINDS
Teacher: Millie, give me a sentence starting with “I”.
Millie: I is….
Teacher: No, Millie…….. Always say “I am…”
Millie: All right….. “I am the ninth letter of the alphabet.”