This document discusses various techniques for requirements gathering such as interviews, JAD sessions, questionnaires, and document analysis. It provides details on interviews including when they are best used, how to design interview questions, organize the interview process, and follow-up after interviews. Interviews provide in-depth information through direct engagement with users but have a medium cost and only a low breadth of information. The document also lists deliverables for planning, conducting, and documenting interviews.

1. Selecting the Appropriate Techniques
Interviews JAD Questionnaires Document
Analysis
Observation
Type of
Information
As-Is
Improve.
To-Be
As-Is
Improve.
To-Be
As-Is
Improve
As-Is As-Is
Depth of
Information
High High Medium Low Low
Breadth of
Information
Low Medium High High Low
Integration
of
Information
Low High Low Low Low
User
Involvement
Medium High Low Low Low
Cost Medium Low-
Medium
Low Low Low-Medium

2. Interviews
• Gather facts, opinions and speculations ƒ
• Observe body language and emotions ƒ
• Guidelines
• Plan ƒ
• Checklist ƒ
• Appointment
• Be neutral
• Listen
• Seek a diverse view

3. Read background material
(meetings, scheduling meetings, mtg schedule
systems)
Establish Interviewing Objectives
(What are you trying to get out of this interview?)
Decide whom to interview?
(people are busy, choose the right one)
Prepare for Interview
(Call people ahead of time to prepare ; tell the
purpose , duration, possible questions types)
Hold the interview
Review in-line notes ->disseminate -> difference
recording and resolution

4. Interview Steps
• Selecting Interviewees
• ƒBased on information needs ƒ
• Best to get different perspectives
• Managers
• Users
• Ideally, all key stakeholders ƒKeep organizational politics in mind

5. Designing Interview Questions
• Types of Questions
• Closed-Ended Questions ƒ
• How many telephone orders are received per day? ƒ
• How do customers place orders? ƒ
• What additional information would you like the new system to
provide?
• Open-Ended Questions ƒ
• What do you think about the current system? ƒ
• What are some of the problems you face on a daily basis? ƒ
• How do you decide what types of marketing campaign to run?
• Probing Questions ƒ
• Why? ƒ
• Can you give me an example? ƒ
• Can you explain that in a bit more detail?

6. Organizing Interview Questions
• Unstructured interview
• useful early in information gathering ƒGoal is broad, roughly defined
information
• Structured interview
• useful later in process ƒGoal is very specific information

7. Interview Preparation Steps
• Prepare general interview plan
• List of question ƒ
• Anticipated answers and follow-ups
• Confirm areas of knowledge
• Set priorities in case of time shortage
• Prepare the interviewee ƒ
• Schedule ƒ
• Inform of reason for interview ƒ
• Inform of areas of discussion

8. ƒConducting the Interview
• Appear professional and unbiased
• Record all information
• Check on organizational policy regarding tape recording
• Be sure you understand all issues and terms
• Separate facts from opinions
• Give interviewee time to ask questions
• Be sure to thank the interviewee
• End on time

9. Conducting the Interview
Practical Tips ƒ
• Take time to build report ƒ
• Pay attention ƒ
• Summarize key points ƒ
• Be conciseƒ
• Be honest ƒ
• Watch body language

10. Post-Interview Follow-Up ƒ
• Prepare interview notes ƒ
• Prepare interview report ƒ
• Have interviewee review and confirm interview report ƒ
• Look for gaps and new questions

11. Deliverables
• Before Interview:
• AS-IS system Model ( as per your current knowledge)
• Interviewee Identification
• From whom you will be conducting interview (name, designation)
• Why are you choosing this particular stakeholder for interview?
• List multiple if you will take multiple interviews
• General Interview Plan
• Interview Questions
• Anticipated answers and follow up questions
• Prioritized questions
• Schedule of Interview

12. Deliverables
• After Interview:
• AS-IS system Model ( Updated based on interviewed information)
• TO-BE Model
• Interview Notes
• Interview Report
• Gaps and possible new questions for next session