This document provides guidance on summarizing and analyzing two texts for a question. It outlines focusing on representation, language use, and change in the first bullet point. The second bullet point asks to discuss theoretical aspects of language change. It provides directions to give an overview comparing the two texts in terms of style, structure, and topic representation. It also gives guidance on analyzing variations from contemporary English and aspects of any modern texts. Theories and frameworks are recommended to use in the analysis.

1. This Q asks you to
analyse 2 texts.
Text B is always a
very recent text.
Text A may also be
recent but it could
also date back to
any time from
1600 onwards
Text A may
therefore be in
EME or Modern
English.

2. The question will
contain 2 bullet
points:
BP1 asks you to
analyse the texts
and how they use
language with a
focus on
representation(AO1
& AO3)
BP2 asks you to
discuss a theoretical
aspect of language
change e.g.
evaluate different
ways of explaining
how language
changes (AO2)

3. 1. GMAPP Text A
2. GMAPP Text B
3. Give overview comparison of both texts inc:
Style & Register
Sentence structure
Layout
Representation of topic

4. 4. Analyse the
text for
variations
from
Contemporary
English:
• Period lexis
• Varied
orthography
(spelling)
• Variations in
sentence structure
(e.g. word order)

5. 5. Analyse
any aspects
related to
the
document
being a
modern text:
• CMC status &
interactivity
• Any examples of
semantic shift
• Any examples of
modern word
formation
processes

6. Remember as you are analysing to use frameworks
including:
Detailed word classes
Rhetorical devices
Clause structures

7. In your analysis of
each slide you need
to refer to the
context of writing
and ways in which
this may have shaped
the language used
Modern English –
refer to technology
and it’s effects;
fashion; war etc.
EME – refer to
Standardisation;
Crystal’s “Spell it
out”; Johnson’s
Dictionary; Victorian
culture.

8. In this section you use
theories to discuss the
question in BP2