The document discusses reforms to the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan. It notes that FATA's over 5 million residents lack basic rights and the region has faced violence. Proposed reforms include merging FATA into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province or creating a separate FATA province. Locals are divided on the options, with educated youth favoring merger and some political leaders favoring a separate province. However, both proposals face challenges in implementation and past similar reforms in other regions show mixed results. The author argues that long-term, sustainable reforms require an indigenous approach that has local support and addresses FATA's unique needs.

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ScrummingaroundFATAreforms
The Frontier Post / December 3, 2017
Khan Zeb
In the age of liberal democracy, the debate from human rights has moved forward to ‘human
security’ and ‘human development’. In this quarter of the world, Federally Administered Tribal
Areas (FATA), more than five million people are shorn of even the basic rights of life, property
and liberty. The human rights scholars believe that violation of Human rights can escalates
conflict and violence. The state where human rights are not respected are prone to conflict. The
question of FATA is not only limited to human rights abuses but other factors, such as
centralized administration, violent legal and security structure, absence of responsible and
accountable governance system have been contributed directly and indirectly. Violence in the
region persisted in various shape and construction. The recent wave of terror and counter
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terror has the most devastating impact on the tribal areas.
To reduce space for non-state actors, ensure government presence, and address the local
administration issue, restructuring of administrative and governance system were suggested in
National Action Plan. In the light of national action plane PML(N) government formed a FATA
reforms committee for mainstreaming of tribal areas, a er sessions with political parties and
security establishment. The committee headed by Sartaj Aziz was criticized for having no
member from the tribal areas. However, the committee visited the tribal areas where the
political agent blue eyed maliks, and representative of political parties and civil society
members were consulted. The committee came up with comprehensive but perilous report
which favors merger of FATA with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). The pros and cons of separate
province and merger are discussed in the report, with recommendation of merger plan as
dominant voice in the consultation process.
The plan envisages the extension of courts, tribal representation in KP assembly, Chief
Executive (later renamed as chief operating o ice- a 22 grade bureaucrats to administer
developmental activities) and structural organogram for transition period. The package came
under severe criticism not only that it embodied flaws, but the merger was challenge by two
political parties and a group of local people.
An apprehension with Chief Operating O icer (COO) is that it would militarized further the
region if COO come from military, and will undermines the role of governor. The other inherent
flaw is the empowerment of the notorious FATA secretariat and Political agent during the
transition period. The question arises that either the political agent and secretariat will agree
to cut their wings and will try to make reforms process successful? I don’t think so.
They will not tolerate to be powerless, that may result in failure of the reforms. If reforms get
reverse how devastating repercussion it would have? what would be the role of the
representatives of FATA in the assembly till it gets merge (a er 5 years)? Does the government
deliberately confusing things or it is as uncertain as we are?
From the tribal land the proposal received mix responses. The pro-merger group dominated by
educated youth welcome the proposal while the group see a better future in separate province
rejected the proposal. The two political leaders Maulana Fazal Rehman leader of JUI and
Mahmood Khan Achakzai argue that the local populous should be properly consulted. The pro
merger group is influenced by the rhetoric of Pakhtun nationalism, argues that FATA is already
connected to the main land Pakhtuns brothers, KP have already well-established
infrastructure, most of the FATA a airs are streamlined through KP and many more. So, in
greater Pakhtun province tribal interest can be best served.
while the anti-merger/pro-province is inclined to protect tribal identity intact, rhetoric of
empowerment of the locals where tribal would have their own political (assembly, ministers,
chief minister, governor) and administrative machinery, more job opportunity and economic
share, greater voice in federal politics, self-rule to avoid further exploitation and so on. What is
missing in their debates is a concrete plan. The future of FATA should be what the people on the
ground want. Does the tribal population need separate province, merger with KP or something
di erent? Let us look into past experiences in the country. The colonial law, FCR had been

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practiced in various part of the present Pakistan such as Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and
Gilgit Baltistan. The last part where FCR was kicked o (in 1974) was Gilgit Baltistan, promised
mainstreaming within 10 years. It took almost 35 years that GB got its legislative assembly in
2009 but still striving to through o federal executive control. My question from those who
want separate province is, do they have strength and people support to get separate province
from the reluctant federal government? How the new province would be, Centralized or
devolved? Any organogram and power distribution formula? At present one cannot see such
mechanism. Instead of counting the benefit of the province study why GB failed to get it
legitimized right of self-rule.
On the other hand, we have example of merger of princely states of Qalat, Bahawalpur, and
Swat etc. How they experience merger? A curse, when I spoke to the people of these states,
especially Bahawalpur and swat. Swat was more developed under wali than Pakistan. Progress
remained stagnant when it got merged with Pakistan. Bahawalpur demanding separate
province as human su ering prevailed largely. Merger solutions are not appealing. It may lead
to another conflict. We should look at the present deprivation and services delivery status in
the periphery of KP. Can merger will meet the war ravaged tribal areas need? does extension of
mainland judicial system will not be resisted by those who are blame for war crime in FATA?
Internationally, indigenous mechanism is getting its currency and acceptability in many field
especially in governance and conflict resolution. Both the parties have no alternative to the
government proposal which has inherent flaws. They are trying to have big gathering instead
of providing a reforms plan to the people. No doubt that the reforms debate has initiate
political awareness among the tribal and new leadership is emerging.
But the issue is that reforms are coming from the centre and is not a proper indigenous
approach as evident from the whole process. The government did not involve the local to gains
acceptance for implementation of reforms package. The suggestion for my tribal brothers is
that it’s not late even today, to sit together, deliberate the need and demand of the tribal areas
and frame a feasible and practical reforms package which better addresses the requirement of
the tribal society. It will be an unending political tension if both groups continue to stretch rope
on their sides.
waziristan@usa.com, tweets @kzburki
Posted in Article
Tribal districts’ issues: Khattak
for constituting NA committee
Call to amend FATA Interim
Regulation
FATA merger
January 18, 2019
In "Pakistan"
October 17, 2018
In "Pakistan"
October 9, 2017
In "Editorial"

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