Scope valtierra 2016
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Diversity in clinical trials is important - we can and must improve participation minority patients for a better understanding of diseases, their treatments and outcomes.
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3) Individual providers are challenged to prioritize cultural competency and become "game changers" by respecting differences and adapting their practices, which could increase client engagement and the provider's sense of effectiveness.
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Health literacy means being able to find, understand, and use health information to make good health decisions. It is important because it helps people stay healthy and avoid unnecessary costs. People of all ages, races, incomes, and education levels can have limited health literacy. To improve health literacy, people should write down questions before doctor visits, bring medications to appointments, and take notes on what is discussed. Strong health literacy skills through building skills and helping others can improve health outcomes and lower costs like hospitalizations.
Health and Society (Chapter 11, "You May Ask Yourself")
A review of the social issues surrounding health, wellness and access to healthcare, particularly in America. Appropriate for 100-level sociology courses. If you like it, feel free to use it!
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"You May Ask Yourself" second edition (2011), D. Conley, W.W. Norton - Chapter 11
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*** This is only my "reworking" of pre-packaged PPT files included textbook published by W.W. Norton. Some materials copyright by W.W.Norton.
Promoting Health Literacy with inmates #priesterhealth 2013
This document discusses a project to promote health literacy and self-care management skills among inmates at the Gallatin County Detention Center. The project involved developing health education materials and delivering 10 weekly classroom sessions to inmates. Pre- and post-surveys found that the sessions increased inmates' confidence in managing their health care and understanding how to use health resources after release. The project aimed to improve health outcomes by better preparing inmates to care for chronic conditions upon returning to the community.
Equitable choices for Health
The document discusses how choice in healthcare could increase inequities if not designed to benefit disadvantaged groups. It advocates for an equitable, progressive vision of choice that could reduce inequalities and wider benefits. While the White Paper makes some progress on issues like increasing primary care resources and quality, more needs to be done to address barriers to choice among lower socioeconomic groups related to access, information, and professional attitudes. Choice must be implemented with equity and co-production in mind.
Consumer Health: Best Practices for Public Libraries
Workshop designed to introduce MLIS students to public library best practices when it comes to providing consumer health information reference and programming services.
Hiv & intimate partner violence
The document discusses the social determinants of health that influence HIV risk and outcomes, including early childhood development, education, employment, income, food/housing security, health/transportation access, social exclusion, and stigma. It notes that people living with HIV often experience high levels of stigma, leading to negative consequences like reduced testing/treatment, financial/social difficulties, and poorer mental/physical health. Intimate partner violence is also discussed as putting individuals at increased risk for HIV through barriers to condom negotiation, abuse if condoms are used, and health effects that weaken the immune system.
The Aging HIV Population
1) About 33% of people living with HIV/AIDS in the US are over 50 years old, and by 2015 over 50% are projected to be over 50. Older African Americans and gay men are disproportionately affected.
2) In New York City, 75% of people with HIV/AIDS are over 40, and 38% are over 50. There are three groups of older adults with HIV - newly infected, newly diagnosed, and longtime survivors.
3) Older adults experience stigma around both HIV status and aging, which can lead to isolation, depression, and challenges accessing care. Health providers must address the long-term effects of HIV and aging.
Public health week conference racism and healthcare
This is an older presentation from Public Health Conference in 2016, but still has some really helpful points to address racism, health disparities, and the need for health equity. There are scenarios to help encourage discussion. Also some helpful next steps.
Sexual abuse
This document discusses sexual abuse of elders, including demographics, signs of abuse, and effects. Some key points:
- In 2010, 0.04% of elders experienced sexual abuse, with the median victim age being 77.9.
- Sexual abuse can have especially harmful physical and psychological effects on elders due to age-related factors.
- Prevention and intervention efforts are needed to address elder sexual abuse, which is often underreported due to issues like victim credibility and cultural norms around secrecy.
Health Disparities: Don't Despair, Be Aware
This document discusses health disparities and resources for promoting health equity. It defines health disparities as significant disparities in disease rates or health outcomes between populations compared to the general population. It identifies four population groups that experience health disparities: African Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, immigrants/refugees, and American Indian/Alaskan Natives. The document outlines unique health issues that affect these and other groups. It also describes several resources for finding health information, including MedlinePlus, the CDC, and databases like PubMed.
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2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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Scope valtierra 2016
- 1. Multiculturalism and Clinical Trials Lisa Valtierra lisa@valtierraconsulting.com
- 2. Disclaimer This presentation represents my opinions, and my opinions only.
- 3. Three things that matter • Demographics have shifted • Latinos are 18% of US population • Latinos will be 30% of the US population by 2050 • Asians are 5% - 6% and will continue to grow • African Americans are 12% of US population and will remain stable • Minorities bear a disproportionate burden of chronic diseases* including: • Cancer • Heart disease • Type 2 Diabetes • Minorities are underrepresented in clinical trials • Less than 5% of clinical trial participants** • Lack of data among these populations limits understanding of drug efficacy *Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, Fact Sheets and At-A-Glance Reports **US News & World Report March 2014
- 4. Why does it matter? • Incompletely filled trials cost time and money • Not enough data, leads to the inability to show: • Ethnic differences • Gender differences • Which may lead to: • Possible FDA approval delays or denial • Marketing limitations • Persistent inequality of healthcare
- 5. Why not change it up?
- 6. Old habits die hard… • Recruiting efforts geared towards one group • Most clinical trials include an overwhelming majority of white men • Clinical trial sites tend not to vary • We have blamed cultural differences for lack of patients’ participation in clinical trials • But have we asked, “Why?” • Mistrust of medical establishment exists, but can be addressed • No one asks • We need to stop doing things the way they have always been done
- 7. We need a different approach • Let’s start with • More compassion • More connection • More cultural understanding • We need a more human approach
- 8. So, what can we do differently? • Nordstrom experience with 7-11 convenience • Choose sites that are convenient for participants • Provide translated consent forms • Exceed expectations of clear communication • Discover what is important to patients • Ensure participants feel appreciated
- 9. We have opportunities • Engage advocacy organizations for input • Engage communities at a more local level • Discover what’s important, challenging to patients and their families • Discover what’s important, challenging to clinicians • Use technology to everyone’s advantage • Use data to better understand cultural nuances • Understand differences in health care barriers, motivators, emotional drivers • Use technology to better communicate with participants
- 10. What can happen? • Better (appropriate) representation of minorities in clinical trials • More fully enrolled and retained patient base • Reduced loss to follow up • Data that is representative of disease prevalence • Money well spent
- 11. Why it all matters • People’s health depends on this process • You, your mother, father, sister, brother, aunt, uncle, cousin, son, daughter, friend • We have the responsibility and the opportunity to do good and do well