2. Uses of Microorganisim
Solution: Micro-organisms are
too small to be seen through
naked eyes. However, they are
vital to plants and the
environment.
i. Lactobacillus is used to form
curd from milk.
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3. ii. Rhizobiums present in the roots of pulse plants fix
nitrogen from air and supply nitrogen compounds to the
pulse plants.
iii. Micro-organisms are also used in winemaking, baking,
pickling, and other food making processes.
iv. Alcoholic fermentation by yeast is widely used in the
preparation of wine and bread.
v. Microbes are used to reduce pollution. For example,
decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead
bodies and excreta to form inorganic compounds, which can
be absorbed by plants.
4. vi. Microbes also play an import
ant role in the preparation of medicines. Antibiotics are
chemicals produced by micro-organisms to kill bacteria.
Penicillin is an antibiotic made from Penicillium.
vii. Bacteria present in our intestine helps in proper
digestion and release Vitamin B which is absorbed by
intestine.
viii. Many vaccines are prepared from micro-organisms.
These vaccines are given to children to
5. Microorganisms and its uses
Production of dairy products: Bacteria are the
key players here. ...
Bread Baking: A species of Streptococcus is
added to the dough before making bread to
bring about the required fermentation.
Alcoholic Drinks: ...
Organic acids: ...
Enzymes: ...
Steroid production: ...
Help in sewage treatment: ...
6. What are useful microorganisims?
Microorganisms are very tiny one-
celled organisms, viruses, fungi, and
bacteria, and are found everywhere in
the world. ... Useful Micro-
organisms Harmful Micro-
organisms There are many useful
microorganisms all around us. Yeast is
one. Bacteria, used in antibiotics, is
another.
7. Beneficial Microorganisims
Microbes
include fungi, bacteria and viruses.
Farmers and ranchers often think of
microbes as pests that are destructive to
their crops or animals (as well as
themselves), but many microbes are
beneficial. Soil microbes
(bacteria and fungi) are essential for
decomposing organic matter and
recycling old plant material.
8. Beneficial microorganisms to human:
Some microbes are used for medicinal
production. One of the most important
groups of medicines, antibiotics, is
produced by fungi and bacteria. The name
antibiotics means 'against life'. It is
appropriate, because they
attack bacteria and other unicellular
organisms that are pathogenic for humans.
9. Helpful bacteria:
E. Coli are found in the intestines
of humans and aid in digestion.
Streptomyces is used in making
antibiotics.
Rhizobium are helpful bacteria
found in the soil. They convert
nitrogen in the soil.
10. Helpful bacteria in human body
Bacteria also help out by doing things
cells are ill-equipped to do. For instance,
bacteria break down carbohydrates
(sugars) and toxins, and they help us
absorb the fatty acids which cells need
to grow. ... Most importantly, by having
good bacteria in your body,
bad bacteria don't get a chance to grow
and cause
11. Friendly Microorganisms
The environment is incomplete without
microorganisms. They are a crucial part of
the ecosystem and take part in activities
like production of minerals like nitrogen,
gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide, cleaning
by action on dead matters etc. In various
industries, microbes are used intentionally
due to their role in human welfare.
12. Food Industry and Beverages
The role of microorganisms in food preparation
and beverage manufacturing is known for ages.
They are used in the manufacture of bread,
curd, wine, and alcohol
etc. Lactobacillus bacteria are responsible for
the curd formation. They multiply and convert
milk into curd. Another example is Yeast which
is used commercially for alcohol and wine
production. The process is called fermentation.
Yeast is also used in baking industries for the
preparations of bread and cakes.
13. Micro-flora
Bacteria are not only outside the human body,
they live inside the body. Bacteria which persist
in the digestive system are collectively known as
micro flora. They support the process of
digestion by releasing certain enzymes. They
live in symbiotic association with a human.
Other tasks of micro flora are vitamin K
production and thus help in blood clotting. They
also prevent the invasion of the body by other
fatal microbs.
14. Pharmaceutical Industry
Antibiotics are well-known examples of the
role of microbes in the medical field.
Antibiotics are obtained from microorganisms
i.e. one strain of bacteria or fungi is used
against another strain. Recently many drugs
for a variety of diseases are obtained from
microorganisms.
Vaccines are another example as they are
obtained from the partially killed or weakened
15. Environment
In the environment, microorganisms have two vital
roles- one is an enhancement of soil fertility another
is cleaning. Azotobacter, Rhizobium, Clostridium are
few examples of Nitrogen-fixing bacteria which play a
primary role in transforming atmospheric nitrogen
into inorganic compounds. As cleaners, they
decompose the dead and organic matter and result in
the decay of toxic substances.
pseudomonas species help in degradation of oil spills
on sea and oceans.
other organisms like streptococci, pseudomonas,
zygomonas, candida species, yeast, lactobacilli etc
16. Useful Microorganisms
The environment in which all are living is completely
packed with the beautiful and different type of species.
Microorganisms are one among them. They are small,
living creatures which are invisible to our naked eye.
Hence they are also known as microorganisms or
microscopic organisms. These organisms include both
unicellular or multicellular. Among all microorganisms,
some are more beneficial and harmless, while others
harmful and disease-causing pathogens. More
instances of useful microorganisms are discussed
below.
