Slides in this presentation are based on various talks attended at IIT Bombay. Also papers related to scientific writing published by IEEE are used in this study.

1. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Scientific Paper Writing
Sanjay Shitole
HOD and Associate Professor
Department of Information Technology
Usha Mittal Institute of Technology for Women
SNDT Women’s University, Santacruz(w), Mumbai.
15 Sept 2014

2. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Outline of Topics
Research
Plagiarism
Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips

3. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Why to do a Research
• Knowledge Creation
• To look at the things differently

4. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
How To
Find the similarities between the Unrelated
Find the differences between related

5. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Develop research as your hobby.

6. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Skills required
Learn by self

7. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Thought
Research is not like 100m race,
It’s a marathon.

8. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Requirement
• Endurance
• Strength
• Stamina
• Passion

9. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Science and Enggineering
• Science : Laws of reality
• Engineering. : Change the reality

10. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Science tries to describe reality while Engineering wants to change
it.

11. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
True Engineering is Interdisciplinary

12. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Research is to see what everybody else has seen and to think what
nobody else has thought.

13. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
If I cite the source, can I still be accused of plagiarism?
You are allowed to borrow ideas or phrases from other sources
provided you cite them properly and your usage is consistent with
the guidelines set by fair use laws.
If you follow the words of a source too closely, and do not use
quotation marks, it can be considered plagiarism even if you cite
the source.

14. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
What is quoting?
Taking the exact words from an original source is called quoting.
You should quote material when you believe the way the original
author expresses an idea is the most effective means of
communicating the point you want to make. If you want to borrow
an idea from an author, but do not need his or her exact words,
you should try paraphrasing instead of quoting.

15. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Paraphrasing
To paraphrase is to include the ideas or information from an
original source in your paper by rephrasing those ideas or
information in your own words. The key to successful paraphrasing
is to use as few words as possible from the original text–be mindful
not to change the meaning that you are trying to convey as you
rephrase–and to cite your paraphrase. Without proper citation,
your paraphrase could be construed as plagiarism.

16. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Title
A good title should contain the fewest possible words that
adequately describe the contents of a paper

17. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Abstract
The quality of an abstract will strongly influence the editor’s
decision
• Is precise and honest
• Can stand alone
• Uses little to no technical jargon
• Is brief and specific
• Cites no references
Use the abstract to “sell” your article

18. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Introdction
• Open up the subject.

19. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Introdction
• Open up the subject.
• Survey past work relevant to this paper.

20. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Introdction
• Open up the subject.
• Survey past work relevant to this paper.
• Describe the problem addressed in this paper, and show how
this work relates to, or augments, previous work.

21. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Introdction
• Open up the subject.
• Survey past work relevant to this paper.
• Describe the problem addressed in this paper, and show how
this work relates to, or augments, previous work.
• Describe the assumptions made in general terms, and state
what results have been obtained. (This gives the reader an
initial overview of what problem is addressed in the paper and
what has been achieved.)

22. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Introdction
• Open up the subject.
• Survey past work relevant to this paper.
• Describe the problem addressed in this paper, and show how
this work relates to, or augments, previous work.
• Describe the assumptions made in general terms, and state
what results have been obtained. (This gives the reader an
initial overview of what problem is addressed in the paper and
what has been achieved.)
• Overview the contents of the paper. (“Section II contains our
formulation of the problem. Section III contains the
experimental data...”)

23. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Methodology (Formulation of the Problem)
• Define the problem to be considered in detail.

24. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Methodology (Formulation of the Problem)
• Define the problem to be considered in detail.
• Define all terminology and notation used. Usually the
terminology and notation are defined along with the problem
itself.

25. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Methodology (Formulation of the Problem)
• Define the problem to be considered in detail.
• Define all terminology and notation used. Usually the
terminology and notation are defined along with the problem
itself.
• Develop the equations on which your results will be based
and/or describe any experimental systems.

26. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Results
• This section presents the detailed results you have obtained.

27. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Results
• This section presents the detailed results you have obtained.
• Provide a careful interpretation of what your results mean and
why they behave as they do.

28. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Conclusion
The Conclusion should be written so they can be understood by
someone who has not read the main work of the paper.

29. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips
• You must always present the big picture first and then work
towards the details (in Introduction section).

30. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips
• You must always present the big picture first and then work
towards the details (in Introduction section).
• If you get stuck and cannot figure out how to explain
something, a useful trick is to imagine that you are telling a
very good friend what you are working on: just put down the
words as you would say them to your friend.

31. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips
• You must always present the big picture first and then work
towards the details (in Introduction section).
• If you get stuck and cannot figure out how to explain
something, a useful trick is to imagine that you are telling a
very good friend what you are working on: just put down the
words as you would say them to your friend.
• After first draft, polish it after few days.

32. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips
• You must always present the big picture first and then work
towards the details (in Introduction section).
• If you get stuck and cannot figure out how to explain
something, a useful trick is to imagine that you are telling a
very good friend what you are working on: just put down the
words as you would say them to your friend.
• After first draft, polish it after few days.
• It is easiest to leave the Introduction and Conclusion until
after the main body of the paper is written.

33. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Ask yourself: “Can the reader understand every passage
strictly from the material up to that point?”

34. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Ask yourself: “Can the reader understand every passage
strictly from the material up to that point?”
• If not, add material or move ideas around.

35. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Ask yourself: “Can the reader understand every passage
strictly from the material up to that point?”
• If not, add material or move ideas around.
• Make sure there are not gaps in your logical arguments.

36. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Ask yourself: “Can the reader understand every passage
strictly from the material up to that point?”
• If not, add material or move ideas around.
• Make sure there are not gaps in your logical arguments.
• Make sure you are not implicitly assuming that the reader
understands something, though you have not stated it.

37. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Ask yourself: “Can the reader understand every passage
strictly from the material up to that point?”
• If not, add material or move ideas around.
• Make sure there are not gaps in your logical arguments.
• Make sure you are not implicitly assuming that the reader
understands something, though you have not stated it.
• The reader probably understands less than you think.

38. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Make sure the ideas in the paper are in the right order.

39. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Make sure the ideas in the paper are in the right order.
• At the beginning of each section ⇒ the purpose of that
section.

40. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Make sure the ideas in the paper are in the right order.
• At the beginning of each section ⇒ the purpose of that
section.
• At the end of each section, ⇒ remind completed task.
Then point out what the purpose of the next section will be,
and so forth.

41. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Make sure the ideas in the paper are in the right order.
• At the beginning of each section ⇒ the purpose of that
section.
• At the end of each section, ⇒ remind completed task.
Then point out what the purpose of the next section will be,
and so forth.
• Check each paragraph for unity. means, you should not mix
different ideas together in the same paragraph.

42. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Make sure the ideas in the paper are in the right order.
• At the beginning of each section ⇒ the purpose of that
section.
• At the end of each section, ⇒ remind completed task.
Then point out what the purpose of the next section will be,
and so forth.
• Check each paragraph for unity. means, you should not mix
different ideas together in the same paragraph.
• Each sentence should clearly communicate your thought.

43. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Useful tips cont...
• Make sure the ideas in the paper are in the right order.
• At the beginning of each section ⇒ the purpose of that
section.
• At the end of each section, ⇒ remind completed task.
Then point out what the purpose of the next section will be,
and so forth.
• Check each paragraph for unity. means, you should not mix
different ideas together in the same paragraph.
• Each sentence should clearly communicate your thought.
• Polish and polish.

44. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Thank you

45. Outline Research Plagiarism Writing a quality manuscript
Doubts???
www.sanjayshitole.com