Factors Affecting Climate

2. SCIENCE
9
PRELIMINARY
ACTIVITIES

3. SCIENCE
9

4. FACTORS
AFFECTING
CLIMATE

5. LEARNING COMPETENCY
Explain what happens
when volcanoes erupt.
(S9ES-IIIb-27)

6. OBJECTIVES
differentiate
climate from
weather;
describe factors
that affect
climate;
explain how
latitude, altitude
and land
topography affect
climate;
explain how ocean
surface and
circulation directly
affect the pattern of
climate around the
world.

7. LAMECOWS
Factors
Affecting
Climate

8. L is for Latitude

9. Latitude
 The farther away from the Equator,
the colder the climate becomes.
Low
Mid
Mid
Cold
Warm
Hot
Warm
Cold
High
High
Tropic of
Cancer
Equator
Tropic of
Capricorn

10. From which
latitude zone were
these pictures
taken?

11. Rainforest

12. Deciduous Trees

13. Tundra

14. Steppe

15. Tropical
Grasslands

16. Marine West
Coast

17. L is for Latitude
A is for Air Pressure

18. Air Pressure
 Air pressure is caused by the
unequal heating of earth’s surface.
1. Low pressure is warm, moist air.
It raises and forms clouds.
2. High pressure is cold, dry air.
It sinks and creates clear skies.

19. L is for Latitude
A is for Air Pressure
M is for Mountain Barriers

20. Mountain Barriers
 Mountain Barriers create a phenomenon
called the Orographic Effect or
Rainshadow.
 The rainshadow helps create deserts
 Ex. Sierra Nevada mountains in CA
receive nice amounts of precipitation,
Las Vegas, NV is in the rainshadow
creating a desert climate.

21. Rainshadow Effect
Windward Side Leeward side
‘Wet’ side ‘Dry’ side

22. This rain shadow region in India was created
by the presence of the Western Ghats mountain
range, which block the monsoon(seasonal)
winds from the west.

23. L is for Latitude
A is for Air Pressure
M is for Mountain Barriers
E is for Elevation

24. Based on
the location
of Quito,
Ecuador,
what type of
climate do
you think it
should
have?
What about
Guayaquil,
Ecuador?

25. Quito, Ecuador
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
58 58 58 59 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
81 81 82 82 81 78 77 77 78 78 79 81
Guayaquil, Ecuador

26. Elevation
 As elevation increases, temperature
decreases.
1. For every thousand feet the
temperature drops 3.6°F
 In a highlands climate, lower elevation
means more vegetation

27. L is for Latitude
A is for Air Pressure
M is for Mountain Barriers
E is for Elevation
C is for Continental Location

28. Continental Location
 Large bodies of water are slower to
heat and cool than land.
 As a result, water temps. remain
stable, and land temps. change
frequently .
 Coastlines have stable temperatures.
 Interior of continent has extreme
temperatures (hotter and colder)

29. High/Low Temperatures for Donna
and South Padre Island
December MonthlyTemperatures
69 67
48
52
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Donna SPI
Degrees
High Temperature
Low Temperature

30. High/Low Temperatures for
Donna and South Padre Island
August Temperatures
96
89
74 77
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Donna SPI
Degrees
High
Temperature
Low
Temperatures

31. L is for Latitude
A is for Air Pressure
M is for Mountain Barriers
E is for Elevation
C is for Continental Location
O is for Ocean Currents

32. Ocean Currents
 Ocean currents are giant rivers of
sea water flowing within oceans.
 Ocean currents flow in circular paths:
1. Warm currents carry water from
low to high latitudes. These make
land nearby warmer.
2. Cool currents carry water from
high to low latitudes. These make
land nearby colder.

33. Ocean Current Map

34. L is for Latitude
A is for Air Pressure
M is for Mountain Barriers
E is for Elevation
C is for Continental Location
O is for Ocean Currents
W is for Wind Belts

35. Wind Belts
 Wind is the movement of air from
high pressure to low pressure
(like when you poke a hole in a tire.)
1. Trade Winds
2. Westerlies
3. Polar Winds

36. Wind Belt Map

37. L is for Latitude
A is for Air Pressure
M is for Mountain Barriers
E is for Elevation
C is for Continental Location
O is for Ocean Currents
W is for Wind Belts
S is for Storms

38. Storms
 Occur during low pressure
conditions.
 Storm fronts occurs when two air
masses with different temperatures
meet. (cold meets warm)
1. Thunderstorms
2. Tornadoes
3. Hurricanes

39. Thank you!