My notes for 9th grade, 2nd Quarter. Consists of multiple lessons in Science from the History of the Atomic Model to Electron Dot Structure. To be honest, I got lazy in making this halfway there. Sorry. ^^u
A PowerPoint Presentation for Grade 9 teachers. This presentation is ONLY suggested guide for teachers to assist them on the discussion after the activities as suggested in the Learner's Module were performed. Please feel free to add comments and suggestions. Thanks!
DEMAND
-Ito ay tumutukoy sa dami ng produkto at serbisyo na kaya at handing bilhin ng mga konsyumer sa alternatibong presyo sa isang takdang panahon.
BATAS NG DEMAND
-Ang konsepto ng batas demand ay mayroong inverse o magkasalungat na ugnayan ang presyo sa quantity demanded ng isang produkto. Kapag tumaas ang presyo Mababa ang demand quantity. At kung Mababa ang presyo tataas ang quantity demand o tinatawag na ceteris paribus.
AND DALAWANG KONSEPTO BAKIT MAGKASALUNGAT ANG PRESYO AT DEMAND
CETERIS PARIBUS
-Ito ay nangangahulugang ipinagpaplagay na ang presyo lamang ang salik na nakakaapekto sa pagbabago ng quantity demanded, habang ibang salik ay hindi nagbabago o nakakapekto.
SUBSTITUTION EFFECT
- – sa konseptong ito, ang mamimili ay naghahanap ng kapalit na mas mura kapag ang presyo ng isang produkto ay tumaas ang presyo. Halimbawa, imbes na bumili ng softdrinks sa isang tindahan ay bibili na lamang ng tubig na di hamak na mas mababa ang presyo kaysa sa softdrinks.
Income effect
-– ipinahahayag rito na mas mataas ang halaga ng kinikita kapag mas mababa ang presyo ng isang produkto.
A PowerPoint Presentation for Grade 9 teachers. This presentation is ONLY suggested guide for teachers to assist them on the discussion after the activities as suggested in the Learner's Module were performed. Please feel free to add comments and suggestions. Thanks!
DEMAND
-Ito ay tumutukoy sa dami ng produkto at serbisyo na kaya at handing bilhin ng mga konsyumer sa alternatibong presyo sa isang takdang panahon.
BATAS NG DEMAND
-Ang konsepto ng batas demand ay mayroong inverse o magkasalungat na ugnayan ang presyo sa quantity demanded ng isang produkto. Kapag tumaas ang presyo Mababa ang demand quantity. At kung Mababa ang presyo tataas ang quantity demand o tinatawag na ceteris paribus.
AND DALAWANG KONSEPTO BAKIT MAGKASALUNGAT ANG PRESYO AT DEMAND
CETERIS PARIBUS
-Ito ay nangangahulugang ipinagpaplagay na ang presyo lamang ang salik na nakakaapekto sa pagbabago ng quantity demanded, habang ibang salik ay hindi nagbabago o nakakapekto.
SUBSTITUTION EFFECT
- – sa konseptong ito, ang mamimili ay naghahanap ng kapalit na mas mura kapag ang presyo ng isang produkto ay tumaas ang presyo. Halimbawa, imbes na bumili ng softdrinks sa isang tindahan ay bibili na lamang ng tubig na di hamak na mas mababa ang presyo kaysa sa softdrinks.
Income effect
-– ipinahahayag rito na mas mataas ang halaga ng kinikita kapag mas mababa ang presyo ng isang produkto.
salik ng produksyon
Maibibigay ang kahulugan ng produksyon.
Masusuri ang mga salik ng produksyon.
Mapahahalagahan ang mga salik ng produksyon
at ang implikasyon nito sa pang-araw-araw na
pamumuhay.
Primary stage – pagkalap ng mga hilaw na sangkap (raw materials)
Secondary Stage – pagproproseso ng hilaw na sangkap (refining process)
Final Stage – pagsasa-ayos ng mga tapos na produkto (packaging, labeling and distribution) para mapakinabangan ng tao.
Basahin ang slide
Input
Halimbawa ng fix input lupa
Halimbawa ng variable input lakas paggawa o labor
At Output naman ay mga kalakal o paglilingkod na resulta ng proseso ng produksyon.
Sa madaling salita, pinagsasama-sama ang mga input upang makapagprodyus ng output
Lupa bilang isang salik ng produksyon
Ang lupa ay hindi lamang tumutukoy sa tinataniman ng mga magsasaka o pinagtatayuan ng bahay. Kasama rin dito ang lahat ng yamang likas sa ibabaw at ilalim nito pati ang yamang tubig, yamang mineral at yamang gubat.
Hindi tulad ng ibang salik, ang lupa ay may naiibang katangian sapagkat ito ay FIXED o takda ang bilang.
Sa makatuwid, ang wastong paggamit ng lupa ay mahalaga Malaki man o maliit ang sukat nito.
So Kailangan nating tiyakin ang pagkakaroon ng produktibong paggamit nito.
Mayroon tayong tinatawag na Upa o renta
ito ang tawag sa kabayaran sa paggamit ng lupa.
Tandaan ha kung kayo ay mag b busines
Ang halaga ng lupa o renta ay tinatakda sa laki, gamit at lokasyon ng lupa.
Ang lakas-paggawa ay tumutukoy sa kakayahan ng tao sa produksiyon ng kalakal o serbisyo
Mahalaga ang ginagampanan ng mga manggagawa sa ating pang- araw- araw na pamumuhay sapagkat ang kanilang paggawa ng mga produkto at serbisyo ang tumutustos at tumutugon sa ating pangangailangan
Kabayarang natatanggap mula sa paggawa ay sahod o sweldo.
White-Collar Job – Ang mga manggagawang may kakayahang mental. Ginagamit ang kanilang isip kaysa lakas ng katawan sa paggawa.
Halimbawa: mga propesyunal tulad ng doctor, abogado, inhinyero, guro at iba pa.
2. Blue Collar Job – Ang mga manggagawang may kakayahang pisikal.
Mas ginagamit nila ang lakas ng katawan kaysa sa isip sa paggawa.
Halimbawa: karpintero, drayber, magsasaka, tubero, at iba pa
Uri ng Manggagawa
Skilled – may mataas na antas ng kaalaman, kasanayan at karanasan
Semi-skilled – ang kasanayan, kaalaman at karanasan ay higit na mababa kaysa sanay na manggagawa (skilled workers)
Unskilled – mga taong walang kaalaman, kasanayan at karanasan
White-Collar Job – Ang mga manggagawang may kakayahang mental. Ginagamit ang kanilang isip kaysa lakas ng katawan sa paggawa.
Halimbawa: mga propesyunal tulad ng doctor, abogado, inhinyero, guro at iba pa.
2. Blue Collar Job – Ang mga manggagawang may kakayahang pisikal.
Mas ginagamit nila ang lakas ng katawan kaysa sa isip sa paggawa.
Halimbawa: karpintero, drayber, magsasaka, tubero, at iba pa
Uri ng Manggagawa
Skilled – may mataas na antas ng kaalaman, kasanayan at karanasan
Semi-skilled
Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao 9 YUNIT I - Prinsipyo ng Subsidiarity at SolidarityMika Rosendale
Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao 9 YUNIT I - Prinsipyo ng Subsidiarity at Solidarity
Kahulugan ng Subsidiarity
Kahulugan ng Solidarity
Ang Pagkakaisa
Mga handlang sa Subsidiarity
salik ng produksyon
Maibibigay ang kahulugan ng produksyon.
Masusuri ang mga salik ng produksyon.
Mapahahalagahan ang mga salik ng produksyon
at ang implikasyon nito sa pang-araw-araw na
pamumuhay.
Primary stage – pagkalap ng mga hilaw na sangkap (raw materials)
Secondary Stage – pagproproseso ng hilaw na sangkap (refining process)
Final Stage – pagsasa-ayos ng mga tapos na produkto (packaging, labeling and distribution) para mapakinabangan ng tao.
Basahin ang slide
Input
Halimbawa ng fix input lupa
Halimbawa ng variable input lakas paggawa o labor
At Output naman ay mga kalakal o paglilingkod na resulta ng proseso ng produksyon.
Sa madaling salita, pinagsasama-sama ang mga input upang makapagprodyus ng output
Lupa bilang isang salik ng produksyon
Ang lupa ay hindi lamang tumutukoy sa tinataniman ng mga magsasaka o pinagtatayuan ng bahay. Kasama rin dito ang lahat ng yamang likas sa ibabaw at ilalim nito pati ang yamang tubig, yamang mineral at yamang gubat.
Hindi tulad ng ibang salik, ang lupa ay may naiibang katangian sapagkat ito ay FIXED o takda ang bilang.
Sa makatuwid, ang wastong paggamit ng lupa ay mahalaga Malaki man o maliit ang sukat nito.
So Kailangan nating tiyakin ang pagkakaroon ng produktibong paggamit nito.
Mayroon tayong tinatawag na Upa o renta
ito ang tawag sa kabayaran sa paggamit ng lupa.
Tandaan ha kung kayo ay mag b busines
Ang halaga ng lupa o renta ay tinatakda sa laki, gamit at lokasyon ng lupa.
Ang lakas-paggawa ay tumutukoy sa kakayahan ng tao sa produksiyon ng kalakal o serbisyo
Mahalaga ang ginagampanan ng mga manggagawa sa ating pang- araw- araw na pamumuhay sapagkat ang kanilang paggawa ng mga produkto at serbisyo ang tumutustos at tumutugon sa ating pangangailangan
Kabayarang natatanggap mula sa paggawa ay sahod o sweldo.
White-Collar Job – Ang mga manggagawang may kakayahang mental. Ginagamit ang kanilang isip kaysa lakas ng katawan sa paggawa.
Halimbawa: mga propesyunal tulad ng doctor, abogado, inhinyero, guro at iba pa.
2. Blue Collar Job – Ang mga manggagawang may kakayahang pisikal.
Mas ginagamit nila ang lakas ng katawan kaysa sa isip sa paggawa.
Halimbawa: karpintero, drayber, magsasaka, tubero, at iba pa
Uri ng Manggagawa
Skilled – may mataas na antas ng kaalaman, kasanayan at karanasan
Semi-skilled – ang kasanayan, kaalaman at karanasan ay higit na mababa kaysa sanay na manggagawa (skilled workers)
Unskilled – mga taong walang kaalaman, kasanayan at karanasan
White-Collar Job – Ang mga manggagawang may kakayahang mental. Ginagamit ang kanilang isip kaysa lakas ng katawan sa paggawa.
Halimbawa: mga propesyunal tulad ng doctor, abogado, inhinyero, guro at iba pa.
2. Blue Collar Job – Ang mga manggagawang may kakayahang pisikal.
Mas ginagamit nila ang lakas ng katawan kaysa sa isip sa paggawa.
Halimbawa: karpintero, drayber, magsasaka, tubero, at iba pa
Uri ng Manggagawa
Skilled – may mataas na antas ng kaalaman, kasanayan at karanasan
Semi-skilled
Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao 9 YUNIT I - Prinsipyo ng Subsidiarity at SolidarityMika Rosendale
Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao 9 YUNIT I - Prinsipyo ng Subsidiarity at Solidarity
Kahulugan ng Subsidiarity
Kahulugan ng Solidarity
Ang Pagkakaisa
Mga handlang sa Subsidiarity
Secondary Education
Chemistry
Chapter 1
Lesson 1
if you have any question don't hesitate to contact me
join the facebook group
http://www.facebook.com/#!/group.php?gid=17663120872&v=info
Best of luck
Mr.Ehab Mohamed
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
3. - An Atom is a fundamental thing in matter as
it serves so much purpose from being the basic
unit and defining structure of an element to
making up everything in the universe. This is
also the source of nuclear energy.
Atom:[ˈadəm] Greek - Indivisible, Uncuttable
({atomos} )
4. Quantum Mechanical Model
Democritus' Model
Examples of Atomic Models
Bhor's Model
https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/old-dudes-timeline
http://marshscience7.blogspot.com/2014/04/the-modern-atomic-model.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_model
5. - An Atom is made up of subatomic particles, more specifically called Proton [prō
ˌtän], Neutron [n(y)o͞ oträn], and Electron [əˈlekˌträn]. (May not be accurate.) The
Greek words and meaning for each particles (If there are any.) respectively are:
({prôtos} First), ({elektron?} Amber).
- In the center of the Atom, protons and neutrons reside inside a part of an Atom
called a nucleus. The electrons however, are located over the nucleus, flying
around in a tiny cloud. Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no net
charge, and electrons have a negative charge. A neutral atom consists of equal
amounts of protons and electrons, these also often consist of an equal amount of
neutrons.
Subatomic Particles:
7. - This is the first concept of an atomic model and also the first concept of an Atom.
The idea of the atom was created by both Democritus and his mentor, Leukippus
(More by Democritus).
- These were small and hard particles that are all "Cut from the same cloth". Each
and every one of these are diverse from one another in shapes and sizes.
- In these times, no one believed the existence of the Atom because of Aristotle's
beliefs about having no limit in dividing matter. He also believed that everything
is made purely or a fusion up of four elements which are water, earth, air, and fire.
Democritus' Model 460 BC
9. - The one who created this model that's based on Democritus'
Model, John Dalton, is a British Chemist that thought that atoms
are the same with other atoms that are of the same element and
vice versa. Compounds are created by combining atoms together
from the same or different elements.
- Dalton's Model looks like a solid and spherical ball.
Dalton's Model 1766 - 1844
11. - J.J. Thomson is an English Chemist and Physicist that's
the first one to discover one of the subatomic particles,
which is the electron.
- Electrons are surrounded by positively charged
matter in the Atom. Was reffered to as Plum Pudding
Model or Raisin Bun Model.
Thomson's Model 1856 - 1940
12. Thomson's Model / Plum Pudding Model / Raisin Bun Model
https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/atom-models
13. - The discovery of the nucleus has been done by Ernest
Rutherford, a Physicist from New Zealand. Also kind of
discovered that a proton is a subatomic particle.
- The protons are actually all located in the nucleus of the
Atom and the electrons are all scattered and are travelling
around the Atom's edge but where they exactly are can't be
determined nor described.
Rutherford's Model 1871-1937
15. - Niels Bohr is a Danish Physicist that discovered energy levels.
- This model is what schools and other mediums use to explain what an
atom is in a simple manner. Also a more dumbed down version of what
an Atom looks like.
- Electrons travel around the nucleus in definite paths and fixed distances.
These can jump from one level to a path in another level. When electrons
move in fixed orbits, they go in a constant speed around the nucleus.
These can also move from one level to another level.
Bohr's Model 1871-1937
17. - There is a person that modified Bohr's atomic theory
so that it can include elliptical orbits, Arnold
Sommerfel, a German Physicist.
- Orbits don't have to be spherical but can also be
elliptical in this version of the Atom.
Sommerfeld's Work ???
19. - An area around the nucleus is called an Electron
Cloud. It's an area that electrons would likely be found.
- Path of electrons can't be predicted, that's the
Austrian physicist, Erwin Shrodinger's theory is about
the Atom.
Shrodinger's Model 1924
21. - Neutrons are particles that have no electrical charge and is said
to nearly equivalent to a proton's mass.
- He also made a unit of measurement for subatomic particles. It's
dubbed as atomic mass unit or amu for short.
- Someone by the name of James Chadwick, an English Physicist
had discovered the last of one of the subatomic particles that's
part of the Atom, the neutron.
Chadwick's Work 1932
22. - The mass of an atom is concentrated into the nucleus of an Atom which is located in the
center of this.
- Two out of the three subatomic particles - protons and neutrons - are located in the nucleus.
The neutrons act like a sort of glue to keep the protons from repelling each other and make the
nucleus stable. The electrons are located outside of the nucleus.
- The number of protons and electrons are equivalent in Stable Atoms and Neutral Atoms. The
number of protons are also equivalent to the atomic number of an Atom (Z).
- The sum of protons and neutrons is equal to the mass number of an Atom (M).
- The amount of neutrons is equal to the difference between the mass number of the atom (M)
and the atomic number (Z).
Additional Information About Atoms
24. - The color of the light is connected to the location of the electrons and the affinity the outer-shell electrons have to the
atomic nucleus.
- The color emitted by larger atoms is lower in energy than the light emitted by smaller atoms.
- An electron behaves as a particle whereas quantum model explains that the electron has both particle and wave
behavior. This is the main difference between Bohr and quantum model.
- S, P and D Orbitals do not all have the same energy. In any given energy level, S-Orbitals have the lowest energy and
the energy of the other orbitals increases in the order p < d < f etc. Thus, each energy level must be divided into a
number of different sub-levels, each of which has a slightly different energy. In any given energy level, S-Orbitals have
the lowest energy and the energy of the other orbitals increases in the order p < d < f etc. Thus, each energy level must
be divided into a number of different sub-levels, each of which has a slightly different energy.
- Electron Pair Repulsion Definition, the principle that electron pairs around a central atom tend to orient themselves
as far apart as possible. Electron pair repulsion is used to predict the geometry of a molecule or a polyatomic ion.
Some Random Information About This Specific Lesson (Maybe Mostly From
the Internet)
29. Wave-Particle Duality of Matter Uncertainty Principle Quantum Mechanical Model
Electrons do not have
an exact orbit
De Broglie Hypothesis
- Proposes that all matter exhibits wave-like properties and relates the
observed wavelength of matter to its momentum. After Albert Einstein's
photon theory became accepted, the question became whether this was true
only for light or whether material objects also exhibited wave-like behavior.
Louie de Broglie
33. - Quantum Numbers are used to the most probable position of electrons in atoms.
- A.) The energy and the relative size of atomic orbitals are Principal Energy Level (n). when (n) increases, energy
levels increase and orbitals become larger.
- B.) Energy Sublevels cointain orbital and defines the orbital shape which could be s.p.d.f.
Other Random Information About This Specific Lesson
http://www.slideserve.com/vanida/electrons-in-atoms
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/584623595364719244/
Some picture next slide (You can see I'm cramming right now.)
34. Other Random Information About This Specific Lesson
https://www.quora.com/How-is-the-concept-of-atomic-orbital-introduced
38. - An Atom starts to emit light when heated.
- An electron can jump to a higher energy level from a lower energy level when it absorbs
energy; and can jump from a higher to a lower energy level when it releases energy or light.
- The quantum mechanical model describes the probable location of electrons in atoms using
the principal level (n), sublevels (s, p, d, f) and orientation of orbital in a three dimensional
space.
Other Random Information About
This Specific Lesson (Definitely From
Notes)
40. - Determining the atomic number of the specific element you want to find the electron
configuration of.
- Determine the element symbol of the element.
- Determine the number of electrons present in the Atom to get the electron configuration of
this.
Steps in Identifying Electron
Configuration
41. - The Aufbau principle dictates the manner in which electrons are filled in the atomic orbitals
of an Atom in its ground state. It states that electrons are filled into atomic orbitals in the
increasing order of orbital energy level. According to the Aufbau principle, the available atomic
orbitals with the lowest energy levels are occupied before those with higher energy levels.
- The word ‘Aufbau’ has German roots and can be roughly translated as ‘construct’ or ‘build up’.
A diagram illustrating the order in which atomic orbitals are filled is provided below. Here, ‘n’
refers to the principal quantum number and ‘l’ is the azimuthal quantum number.
Afbau Principle (Super Copied From the Internet)
42. Afbau Principle (Sorry if it's in landscape. Too lazy. =w=)
https://byjus.com/chemistry/aufbau-principle/
43. - States that in a single atom, no two electrons will have an identical set or the same quantum numbers (n, l,
ml, and ms). Every electron should be in its own unique state (singlet state). The two salient rules that the
Pauli's Exclusion Principle are; Only two electrons can occupy the same orbital; and two electrons that are
present in the same orbital must have opposite spins or they should be antiparallel.
- This does not only apply to electrons. It applies to other particles of half-integer spin such as fermions. It is not
relevant for particles with an integer spin such as bosons which have symmetric wave functions. Moreover,
bosons can share or have the same quantum states, unlike fermions. As far as the nomenclature goes,
fermions are named after the Fermi–Dirac statistical distribution that they follow. Bosons, on the other hand,
get their name from the Bose-Einstein distribution function.
- An Austrian physicist named Wolfgang Pauli formulated the principle in 1925. He basically described the
behaviour of the electrons. Later in 1940, he expanded on the principle to cover all fermions under his spin-
statistics theorem. Meanwhile, fermions that are described by the principle include elementary particles such
as quarks, electrons, neutrinos, and baryons.
Pauli's Exclusion Principle (Also From the Internet)
51. Due to overestimating myself on doing notes - and
procrastinating too much - I'll be skipping some information that
doesn't hold much significance... Also because there was actually
this MAPEH hw that I had to do that I wasn't aware off until
recently.
NOTICE!
It's sadge that Ma'am Moquerio makes assignments and not marking them as ones in the GClass. Lesser peeps would see them, specially if
they're using laptops. WHY MA'AM?! WHY?!?!?! T^T (Please don't tell ma'am this. I'm trusting you, Y/N with this information.)
P.S. Please don't lower my grades, I gave as much effort as I can
with this easily distractable bum-bum of mine. ;-;
52. - A type of chemical bonding called Ionic Bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between
oppositely charged ions, or between two atoms with sharply different electronegativities,[1] and is the primary
interaction occurring in ionic compounds.
- Metallic bond is a term used to describe the collective sharing of a sea of valence electrons between several
positively charged metal ions.
- Covalent Bonding is formed by equal sharing of electrons from both the participating atoms. The pair of
electrons participating in this type of bonding is called shared pair or bonding pair. The covalent bonds are also
termed as molecular bonds. Sharing of bonding pairs will ensure that the atoms achieve stability in their outer
shell which is similar to the atoms of noble gases.
Three Major Types of Chemical Bonding
53. - Electron Dot Structures or Lewis Dot Formula
can be drawn if the molecular formula of the
compound is known.
Electron Dot Structures
56. I made this one in IbisPaintX for so long,
this is also the basis of the theme for the
other backgrounds. It was so hard for me
to not use lineart for this one
57. Btw, I relearned how to use
Blender in a day just to
make this specific and cute
background for my Science
Notes. I still really like it.
Please notice my efforts. ;-;
58. This is just the same
background from before
but something happened to
the peeps who run the
show and everything's
abandoned.