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Charlemagne was named emperor of Rome by Pope Leo III in 800 AD, marking the first time in 300 years that there was an emperor for both the eastern and western parts of the Roman Empire. This established a new Holy Roman Empire based in Western Europe with Charlemagne as its first emperor.
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Aksum Reading 2
Aksum was a kingdom located in modern-day Ethiopia from around AD 100 to 700. It controlled much of Ethiopia as well as territories in South Arabia and Sudan. Aksum had a hierarchical society led by a powerful king. The capital city of Aksum covered around 75 hectares and had an estimated population of 20,000. It contained royal palaces, religious structures, and cemeteries. Tall stone obelisks called stelae, some over 30 meters high, were erected throughout the capital and surrounding areas as symbols of prestige.
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River civilizations first emerged around 3000 BC along major rivers like the Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia, the Nile in Egypt, the Indus in India, and the Yangtze in China. The flooding of these rivers provided fertile land for agriculture, allowing large populations to live in urban societies ruled by powerful kings. Writing was developed around 5000 years ago in Mesopotamia to record taxes, trade, and other administrative information, and it later was used to write religious texts, laws, science, and stories. Early forms of writing included cuneiform script in Mesopotamia using wedge-shaped symbols pressed into clay tablets, and hieroglyphic script in Egypt
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1) The document discusses art and architecture in ancient Egypt from 1975-332 BCE, including the Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom, and Late Period. It describes key terms like clerestory, hypostyle, and ankh.
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- The document discusses the origins and development of civilization in ancient Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
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The document summarizes important time periods and rulers in ancient Egyptian history. It describes three main kingdoms: the Old Kingdom characterized by absolute rulers considered gods who were buried in pyramids; the Middle Kingdom known as a golden age with prosperous trade and hidden tombs for pharaohs; and the New Kingdom period of Egyptian expansion and military power when pharaohs were buried in the Valley of the Kings. Key pharaohs mentioned include Khufu, builder of the Great Pyramid; Hatshepsut, the first female pharaoh; and Thutmose III who established the Egyptian Empire.
How Did Geography Affect The Civilizations Of The
The geography of ancient civilizations greatly impacted their development. Along the Nile River, yearly floods provided fertile soil for agriculture but also required flood control structures like dikes. Settlements occurred within 10 miles of the river, and the desert boundaries limited Egypt's expansion. In Mesopotamia, the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers provided fertile soil and attracted other groups, leading to cultural exchange. Floods necessitated centralized government to manage irrigation. Overall, access to water and arable land through major rivers supported population growth and urbanization in these early civilizations.
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Aksum was a kingdom located in modern-day Ethiopia from around AD 100 to 700. It controlled much of Ethiopia as well as territories in South Arabia and Sudan. Aksum had a hierarchical society led by a powerful king. The capital city of Aksum covered around 75 hectares and had an estimated population of 20,000. It contained royal palaces, religious structures, and cemeteries. Tall stone obelisks called stelae, some over 30 meters high, were erected throughout the capital and surrounding areas as symbols of prestige.
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River civilizations first emerged around 3000 BC along major rivers like the Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia, the Nile in Egypt, the Indus in India, and the Yangtze in China. The flooding of these rivers provided fertile land for agriculture, allowing large populations to live in urban societies ruled by powerful kings. Writing was developed around 5000 years ago in Mesopotamia to record taxes, trade, and other administrative information, and it later was used to write religious texts, laws, science, and stories. Early forms of writing included cuneiform script in Mesopotamia using wedge-shaped symbols pressed into clay tablets, and hieroglyphic script in Egypt
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Mesopotamian Civilization
- The document discusses the origins and development of civilization in ancient Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
- Nomadic herders settled in southern Mesopotamia around 3200 BC and established the first Sumerian cities, developing irrigation for agriculture.
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The document summarizes important time periods and rulers in ancient Egyptian history. It describes three main kingdoms: the Old Kingdom characterized by absolute rulers considered gods who were buried in pyramids; the Middle Kingdom known as a golden age with prosperous trade and hidden tombs for pharaohs; and the New Kingdom period of Egyptian expansion and military power when pharaohs were buried in the Valley of the Kings. Key pharaohs mentioned include Khufu, builder of the Great Pyramid; Hatshepsut, the first female pharaoh; and Thutmose III who established the Egyptian Empire.
How Did Geography Affect The Civilizations Of The
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- This document provides an overview of ancient Egyptian history from the Predynastic Period through the New Kingdom, highlighting several important pharaohs, sites, and artifacts from each period.
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- Major sites from later periods mentioned include the Great Pyramids at Giza from around 2570 BCE and the Valley of the Kings, where King Tut's tomb was found.
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- Egypt was unified around 3100 BC under King Narmer (also known as Menes), who conquered Upper and Lower Egypt and established the first dynasty. This began a period of stability and centralized rule under divine pharaohs that lasted over 3,000 years.
- The Nile River provided highly predictable flooding that made the land fertile and facilitated Egypt's isolation, uniform culture, and political stability. Egyptians developed a complex religion, burial customs, hieroglyphic writing system, and constructed large pyramids and temples.
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The document provides an overview of Mesopotamia, the world's first civilization. Mesopotamia was located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in a region known as the Fertile Crescent. The predictable flooding of the rivers provided rich soil for agriculture, allowing cities and complex societies to develop. One of the earliest civilizations was the Sumerians in southern Mesopotamia, who invented writing, developed irrigation for agriculture, and established independent city-states.
Mesopotamia
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Mesopotamian civilization
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Egypt: The Kingdom Along the Nile
- Egypt was unified around 3100 BC under King Narmer (also known as Menes), who conquered Upper and Lower Egypt and established the first dynasty. This began a period of stability and centralized rule under divine pharaohs that lasted over 3,000 years.
- The Nile River provided highly predictable flooding that made the land fertile and facilitated Egypt's isolation, uniform culture, and political stability. Egyptians developed a complex religion, burial customs, hieroglyphic writing system, and constructed large pyramids and temples.
- Egyptian society was highly stratified with the pharaoh as a god-king at the top. After death, individuals underwent mummification to preserve their body for the after
Early civilization: Mesopotamia, Assyria, and Persia
1) Mesopotamia was the site of early civilization between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers and saw the development of complex societies, cities, writing, and empires like Akkad and Babylon.
2) Sumerian cities like Uruk and Ur developed systems of irrigation canals, surplus agriculture, and specialized occupations, laying the foundations for civilization.
3) Kings like Sargon of Akkad and Hammurabi of Babylon built large empires through military conquest and established some of the world's first legal codes to govern their populations.
Greece Vocab Slideshow
The document provides an overview of key people, places, and terms related to ancient Greek history and culture. It discusses the Minoans as the first Greeks on Crete with a trade economy and Linear B writing system, as well as King Minos ruling from his palace at Knossos. It then covers the Mycenaeans on the Greek mainland, city-states, forms of government including democracy in Athens, Greek mythology, and important figures like Homer, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. The document also summarizes major events in Greek history such as the Persian Wars and Peloponnesian War.
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Mesopotamia, located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern-day Iraq, was the site of some of the earliest human civilizations. It featured a variety of influential cultures including the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. Mesopotamian civilizations developed writing, law codes, agriculture, and many other advances that formed the basis of later cultures in the region and beyond.
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The document summarizes the history of the Roman Empire from its founding as a monarchy in 750 BCE to its fall in 476 CE. It discusses the establishment of the Roman Republic and the shift to empire under Julius Caesar and Augustus. Key events included the republic's expansion through military conquests, the Pax Romana period of stability under emperors like Nero, and the eventual split of the empire into western and eastern halves followed by invasions and the fall of the western portion in the 5th century. The document also covers aspects of Roman life, culture, and the empire's lasting legacies.
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The document provides an overview of Mesopotamia, the world's first civilization. Mesopotamia was located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in a region known as the Fertile Crescent. The predictable flooding of the rivers provided rich soil for agriculture, allowing cities and complex societies to develop. One of the earliest civilizations was the Sumerians in southern Mesopotamia, who invented writing, developed irrigation for agriculture, and established independent city-states.
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia was the world's first civilization that arose between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It featured complex societies with cities, organized governments, and a writing system known as cuneiform. The Sumerians who lived in Mesopotamia grew crops like barley and dates and established independent city-states with different social classes ranging from upper class rulers to lower class slaves. Mesopotamian civilization produced many important innovations and the region's first empire was created by Sargon around 2340 BC, though it later fell to invaders.
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Tarsus is an ancient city located in south-central Turkey along the Berdan River near the Mediterranean coast. With over 6,000 years of history, Tarsus was an important stop for traders and was influenced by many civilizations, including serving as the capital of the Roman province of Cilicia. Today, Tarsus remains an important commercial center and industrial hub. Notable sites include Cleopatra's Gate, the Roman bridge of Justinian, and the church marking the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. Tarsus is also known for being the place where Mark Antony first met Cleopatra.
Mesopotamian civilization
Mesopotamia was located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It was the site of several early civilizations including the Sumerians around 3500 BC. The Sumerians established independent city-states like Ur and Uruk and developed irrigation for agriculture. Later empires that ruled Mesopotamia included the Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians, and Persians. Mesopotamian culture included polytheistic religions, innovations in mathematics and science, and architectural achievements like ziggurats and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
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The document provides an overview of the history and government of ancient Rome. It describes how Rome transitioned from being ruled by kings to a republic governed by the Senate. It then outlines the four main social classes in Roman society - slaves, plebeians, equestrians, and nobles. Several important figures are also discussed, including Julius Caesar, as well as some iconic locations in Rome like the Colosseum and Circus Maximus.
Ancient Egypt Historical overview
Egypt was ruled for over 3,000 years by 31 dynasties of pharaohs. Pharaohs were considered divine kings and Egypt was governed as a theocracy. Some key periods included the Old Kingdom characterized by pyramid building, the Middle Kingdom which saw power shift to nobles, and the New Kingdom when Egypt expanded its empire after repelling Hyksos invaders. Egypt was later conquered by Alexander the Great and ruled successively by the Ptolemies, Rome, and Muslim caliphates.
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Egyptian History New Kingdom, Class One, The Highlights of the New Kingdom 1550 to 1070 BC Adjunct Professor Joe BoisvertUnit 7: Uruk: The World's First Big City
Nestled between two rivers, the world's first major city sprang up in a fertile region called Mesopotamia.
Register to explore the whole course here: https://school.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive?WT.mc_id=Slideshare12202017
Mesopotamian civilization
Mesopotamia was the site of the earliest civilization, located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Living in larger communities offered advantages like physical and material security as well as allowing cultural and moral values to flourish. Mesopotamian culture was rich in trade, warfare, and innovation - they invented writing, irrigation, mathematics, the wheel, and metalworking. Religion also played a central role, with each city centered around a ziggurat temple dedicated to patron gods who were believed to rule the natural world.
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From the Sumerians through the Phoenicians and Persians, these are some of the innovations developed by the peoples and empire of this river valley region.
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This presentation provides an overview of ancient Mesopotamian settlements from 6000 BC to the 5th century BC. It discusses the geography and climate of Mesopotamia, and how early settlements began along rivers for agriculture. Urban centers like Uruk and cities like Ur developed, with centralized governments and the earliest forms of writing. Major empires like Akkadia and Babylon rose and fell over time, and the languages and cultures of the region evolved, with Persia eventually conquering Mesopotamia in 539 BC. River patterns, climate, trade and constant invasions influenced the rise and fall of Mesopotamian civilizations over thousands of years.
Mesopotamia (4)
Mesopotamia was well-suited for the rise of early civilizations due to its fertile geography between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Sumer emerged as the first civilization in Mesopotamia around 3,000 BC, with cities organized around temples, ziggurats, and walls. Sumer developed systems of irrigation and government to manage seasonal flooding. Writing, science, and culture flourished in the independent city-states until they were conquered by successive empires like Akkad and Babylon, which adopted aspects of Sumerian civilization while ruling through military dominance and administration.
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Learn the 3 branches of Roman Government and basic function, understand the 3 Punic Wars and their outcome for Rome (along with who they fought) and understand the significance of Julius Caesar and his reforms for Rome.
Roman Republic
- In 753 BC, Romulus founded the city of Rome, which would later expand into the massive Roman Republic.
- The Roman Republic began in 509 BC after the overthrow of the last Roman king. It established a system where elected representatives led the people rather than kings.
- Roman society was divided between the patricians, who were the wealthy landowning class, and the plebeians, who made up the common people.
E-2,Egyptian History Class 2 - New Kingdom, Adjunct Professor Joe Boisvertr
E-2,Egyptian History Class 2 - New Kingdom, Adjunct Professor Joe Boisvertr Joe Boisvert Adjunct Professor of History, Gulf Coast State College Encore Program, Director of Compassionate Care, Amherst First Baptist Church, NH, Stephen Minister, Instructor Noah's Ark, Panama City, Florida
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Early civilization: Mesopotamia, Assyria, and Persia
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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- 1. 800 AD • Charlemagne is named emperor of Rome by pope Leo III • 1st time in 300 years there was an emperor of the east and one for the west