This document discusses sanitation in Nepal. It begins by defining sanitation and its importance. It then provides details on Nepal's national policies, strategies, and progress toward sanitation goals. Key points include Nepal achieving 62% sanitation coverage by 2011 under the MDG goals. The document outlines government initiatives at various levels to promote sanitation. These include national plans and policies, campaigns to promote handwashing, and school sanitation programs. It closes by stating that while progress has been made, some areas still require focus to achieve 100% sanitation coverage.

1. Presented by:
Anisha Kilambu
Prasharam B.C

2.  Introduction
 Importance of sanitation
 Sanitation in context of Nepal
 National Policies/Strategy
 Local Regulations
 Summary
 References

3.  The process of keeping places free from dirt,
infection, disease etc by removing waste ,
trash and garbage by cleaning streets ,
washing yourself , safe drinking water,
building toilets etc.

4.  "Sanitation generally refers to the provision
of facilities and services for the safe disposal
of human urine and feces.”
 The word 'sanitation' also refers to the
maintenance of hygienic conditions, through
services such as garbage collection and
wastewater disposal.

9.  Improved sanitation refers to those
facilities that hygienically separate
human excreta from human ,
animal and insect contact.
 Facilities such as sewers or septic tanks and
flush latrines or ventilated improved pit
latrines are assumed to be adequate.
 To be effective , facilities must be correctly
constructed and properly managed.

10.  Nepal has come a long way in improving
basic sanitation services. Nepal had set goals
of making 53% sanitation coverage in MDG.
 MDG 7 –Water and Sanitation
 Sanitation coverage had reached 62% and
water coverage had reached 85% by
2011.(CBS)
 This shows that Nepal is on increasing trend
in achievement of MDG target.

12.  Rural water supply policy 2004
 Urban water supply policy 2009
 National drinking water quality standards-2006
-service provider is responsible for meeting
quality standard
-WQ surveillance be done by MoHP
 Sanitation and hygeine master plan 2011
-ODF is entry point
-Coordination committees at different level

13.  NHSP-II (2010-2015) : WQ surveillance
 UNICEF Nepal WASH programme (2018-2022)
 Nepal water supply , sanitation and hygiene
sector development plan (2016-2030)

14.  Following the internalization of a National
sanitation and hygiene master plan 2011:
Nepal has witnessed social momentum and
transformation in several villages ,
municipalities and districts being declared
ODF .
 Coverage to basic sanitation reached 81% of
population. (DWSS annual progress
review,2015)

15.  As of December 2018, the coverage
confirmed by government of Nepal is 99.02
%.
 The major consequences that affected the
target are :
 Earthquake 2015
 Boarder blockade 2016
 Local election 2017
 Terai flood
 National and Local election 2017
 Local reconstructing 2016/2017

16.  The sector is now targeting in completion of
100% universal assess to improved sanitation
facilities by mid 2019.

18.  Summary Update [2015-11-22]
 1st ODF District: Kaski
 1st ODF Municipality: Dharan and Ratnanagar
 Total ODF Districts: 27 (3 Mountain+20 Hill+ 4 Terai)
 Total ODF Zone: 1 Dhaulagiri
 Total ODF Municipalities : 79 out of 191
 Total ODF VDCs: 2026 out of 3282

22.  Government initiatives
 Development and implementation of
sanitation policies, guidelines, rules ,
regulations, acts ,strategies etc.
 The ministry of finance has provisioned up to
25% of VDC fund, if the village manages to
declare ODF and implement child friendly
programme.

23.  A national council for solid waste
management mobilizes concerned
ministries, municipalities ,private sector
agencies etc.
 Furthermore, a solid waste management and
resource mobilization centre(SWMRMC)
coordinates solid waste management
activities in urban areas.

24.  The government, in collaboration with UN
agencies and development organizations,
has initiated a Public–Private Partnership
(PPP), launched a campaign to promote
hand washing with soap.
 mobilized mass media to a greater extent,
and run various hand washing
demonstration activities in schools and
communities.
 A weeklong campaign on the occasion of
Global Hand- Washing Day.

25.  Sewerage system with treatment facilities in
emerging urban settlements.
 The construction of public toilets in major
public places.
 Nepal promotes decentralized wastewater
management systems and waste-based
alternative energy—for example, biogas—in
urban and peri-urban centers'.
 Waste water treatment plants existing in
Kathmandu valley .

26.  The sanitation promotion activities in rural
areas has mostly focused on hygiene
education and construction of toilet and
septic tank .
 Resources recovery from human feces and
urine.
 No citizenship if no toilet at home.

27.  Since 2000, Nepal has promoted the school
as a model and students as change agents for
improving hygiene and sanitation.
 A School Sanitation and Hygiene Education
programme is currently being implemented
in more than 1,500 schools in Nepal.
 The programme receives support from the
government, UN agencies, and other
development organizations.

28.  Since 2004, the government, through the
Ministry of Education and Sports, has
implemented a programme of constructing
separate toilets for girls in community
schools.
 This has contributed to a notable increase in
girls’ enrolment and their retention in
school.

29.  Simply , sanitation refers to public health
conditions related to clean and safe drinking
water along with proper disposal of sewage.
Despites of all the initiatives made by
government , urban , rural areas , schools
etc there are still some areas like park,
grounds where open defecation is done. A
further more focus on sanitation and we are
almost there to 100% coverage rate.

30.  Nepal water supply, sanitation and hygiene
sector development plan (2016-2030),
Ministry of water supply and sanitation.
 Dietvorst ,Dec.12, 2017 Water and Sanitation
(WASH) , UNICEF Nepal.
www.unicef.org/nepal/water-and-sanitation-
wash