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Miniature wireless sensor devices


Martin Ouwerkerk - Research
Healthcare Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing
Small Autonomous Network Devices
11/10/2005
Small Autonomous Network Devices OPUS2002-298
           Offering:
           -              A generic platform for unnoticeable unobtrusive
                          sensing with reconfigurable modular miniature
                          wireless sensor devices

           -              Energy scavenging together with ultra low power
                          technologies enable long to infinite operation times
           -              Roadmap to truly small devices




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   3
cap
                                                                                                      Exploded view
                                                                                                      SAND package


                                                                                                SAND modules



                                                                                                battery


                                                                                                battery compartment


Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                         15
Features
        • Lego like snap-on building blocks

        • Easily reconfigurable

        • Outside of building blocks forms hermetic package

        • Li battery in bottom module

        • PV module on top

        • Antenna printed on outside of PCB




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   confidential   11
Stackable module carrier rings: SAND package




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   confidential   12
Available modules for SAND
                          power converter

                                                                                                Zigbee transceiver




                    3D accelerometer                                                                   CC2500 transceiver



                                                1 Mbit flash

                                                                                                     empty module carrier ring


Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                            confidential   14
All modules ready to form a stack together with caps, battery




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005
High end, niche
                                                                                                             Application evolution
                                                                    Dedicated, autonomous
                            Medical, oil drilling,
                            space, top sport
                                                                      Sport, healthcare, TPM
                                                                                                          Smart Dust, autonomous

                        Application Development                                                  Fitness, ambient Intelligence, distributed,
                                                                                                 emotion assessment, fatigue

                                             Optimized application oriented SAND nodes



                                                                                 3D integrated micro-SAND nodes


                  6 x 14 mm O
                                                          3 x 8 mm O
                                                                                            0.5 x 7 mm O
 Size

 2005                   2006                    2007                   2008                     2009         2010           2011




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                                                  17
End-user consortium
       The first generation SAND platform will serve an
       end-user consortium of about 15 members.

       -a limited number of large parties, such as
        Homelab, WUR, WASP, Aquisgrain

       -a larger number of specific application driven
        users, such as ILSA, MyHeart, Implantables,
        Lighting controlls, VIBES, …




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005
Crossbow Mica2Dot
 10000
                                                                    Phii
                                                                       lps
   1000
                                                                    C rossbow

      100                                                           Intel
        3
mm
        10

            1

       0.1
            2000                    2005 year 2010                                    2015

                                                                                                               Philips




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                            18
Modules in preparation(when available)

Microprocessor                           CoolfluxDSP (Q4/05)                                     PCH7970(Q4/05)
Energy scavenging                                 PV (Q4/06)                                     Vibration (Q4/06)
Battery                                Li button primary(now)                               Lithilene rechargeable   (Q4/05)
                                           3-D accelerometer                                       Electric field        Magnetic
                                                 (now)                                             sensor(now)         sensor(Q4/05)
Sensors
                                             CMOS camera                                           Temperature           Humidity
                                                (Q4/05)                                              (Q4/05)              (Q1/06)
Wireless                                    ULP radio(Q4/05)                               Zigbee/802.15.4 (now)




 Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                                         19
CoolFlux DSP architecture
                                                                                                                              flow
                                                                  JTAG                                  interupt
•      Full 24/56 bit datapath
                                                                                       debug module                           control            program memory
                                                                                                        handler instruction unit

       (CF6-24)
                                                                                                                   fetch unit
                                                                                                        halt run
                                                       data address                                       logic
                                                                                                                                                instruction pipeline
•      2 24x24 bit multipliers                         generator X                                                               interlock
                                                                                                                                                         and
                                                                                                           loop control unit       logic
                                                                                                                                                instruction decoders
•      2 56 bit ALUs                                   data address
                                                        generator Y                                                                                         data
•      56 bit accumulators                                                                                           register files                      processing
                                                                                                                                                            unit
                                                                                                           addresses
•      16 and 20 bit datapaths                                                                                         0                                 source and
                                                                                                                                                        result busses
                                                                                                                       1
       can also easily be generated                                                                                    m
                                 external                                                                                                                         M0
•      JTAG debug interface I/O space
                             external DMA
                                                           bus arbiters
                                                                                                           data
•      I2C interface           access P
                             external DMA
                                                       bus control unit                                                0
                                                                                                                       1
                                                                                                                                                                  M1


•      UART interface         access X, Y
                                                                                                                       n
                                                                                                                                                           ALU0


•      SPI interface
                                       write back buffers
                                                        X           Y                                                                                      ALU1

                                                                       data memory
                                                                                                                                      control              ALU2
                                                                                       X            Y                                 busses




                                                                                                                              Health care Devices & Instrumentation /
       Source: Philips Applied Technologies Leuven                                                                            Storage Signal Processing Martin
    Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                             Ouwerkerk 21/04/2005                      20
Optimisation of power consumption according to the various relevant
               parameters: voltage, capacitor, switching activity.
               •Voltage
                         –Comparison 0.7Volt & 0.9Volt technology (for the core)
                         –Available memory technologies at 0.9Volt
               •Capacitor
                         Technology comparison between CMOS 180, 130 & 90 nm
                         including process options
               •Switching activity
                         –Clock distribution and clock gating (micro clock gating for DSP core
                         and macro clock gating for peripherals)
                         –Memory power switching




                                                                                                Health care Devices & Instrumentation /
   Source: Philips Applied Technologies Leuven                                                  Storage Signal Processing Martin
Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   Ouwerkerk 21/04/2005                      26
1G                                                   10pJ/instr

                                                                                                             100pJ/instr
                                               100M                                                               1000pJ/instr

Microcontroller 10M
comparison
                                                   1M                                                           Coolflux
                                       IPS

                                                                                                                MSP430
                                                                                                                Atmel AT89LP
                                                100k                                                            LPC3000
                                                                                                                PCH7970
                                                  10k                                                           HTC80C51
                                                                                                                XemicsXE88LCO
                                                                                                                EM6607
                                                     1k
                                                          1µ              10µ              100µ   1m      10m         100m       1
                                                                                                  Watt




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005
1M                 Power Consumption in Idle mode


Microcontroller                                               100k
                                                                                                               Coolflux
                                                                                                               MSP430
comparison                                                                                                     PCH970
                                                                                                               EM6607
                                                                                                               AtmelAt89LP
                                             Memory [Bytes]
                                                               10k


                                                                1k


                                                              100


                                                               10
                                                                     1µ                10µ      100µ      1m           10m
                                                                                                Watt




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005
CoolfluxDSP compared for various technologies
       640 μW @ 10 MHz, 8instr/cycle                                                                8 pJ/instruction

                                                        CMOS 90 nm                              CMOS 130 nm              CMOS 180 nm
   Core Area (mm2)                                                 0.23                             0.43                          0.65
   Memory area (mm2)                                               3.34                              6.8                           16
   Leakage (μW)                                                      14                              170                            4
   Power consumption
                                                                   640                              1000                         1300
   at 10 MHz (μW)




                                                                                                   Source: Philips Applied Technologies Leuven
Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                                                    27
The PCBs are put on the rings, which themselves

     Transceiver PCB                                                                            are put on top of each other being connected via
                                                                                                a “bus” of connectors (which I think could act as a
                                                                                                groundplane)
                                                             End of antenna
                                                                                                The antenna is printed on the outside of the
                                                                                                connnectors (see left photograph)

                                                                                                On the lower right corner you can see an artist
                                                                                                impression of how the final system should look
                                                                                                like. From this picture you can see that the
                                                                                                antenna strip is around the connector bus
                                                                                                (probably the groundplane). Depending on the
                                                                                                position of the ring with the transceiver PCB (and
                                                                                                the antenna) the connectors stick below, above or
                                                                                                both.




 Start of antenna                            holes for the connectors



                  24 connectors (conductors) form a bus through the system,

Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005
                                                                                                               Artist impression                      1
Wireless options

Bluetooth               Ph. Semiconductors BGB203                                8 x 7 x 1.3 mm 33 mA @ 2.65 .. 3.4 V 2.4 GHz
Zigbee                  Chipcon            CC2420                                7 x 7 x 0.85 mm 19.7 mA @ 2.1 .. 3.6 V 2.4GHz
Zigbee                  Ember              EM2420                                7 x 7 x 0.85 mm 19.7 mA @ 2.1 .. 3.6 V 2.4GHz
ULP wireless            PRL Redhill                                              < 1cm2          1 mW                   0.868GHz




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                                      43
Photovoltaic energy scavenging: indoor light
                                                             24V 6.7A halogen lamp
                        10.0000

                                             indoor
                         1.0000

               Max_P_mW/cm2
                                                                                                              poly_big
                         0.1000                                                                               Si
                                                                                                              Eno
                                                                                                              GaAs

                         0.0100                                                                               AM_1
                                                                                                              AM_2
                                                                                                              poly_small

                         0.0010



                         0.0001
                               100                                          1000                10000                      100000

                                                                                                        Lux




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                                       30
Photovoltaic energy scavenging: indoor light


            0.1..1 mW out of 1.3 cm2 when using single crystalline Si

  Conversion to 4.2V battery charging voltage at 70% efficiency

                             70-700 μW average power to device

                        Autonomous operation only with a duty cycle




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   31
Duty cycled operation


            200 μW average power budget available:

            Processing at 640 μW: 10%………….... 64μW

            Transmission at 50 mW: 0.1%….……... 50μW

            Leakage and self discharge:89.9%……. 36μW




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   32
Energy storage

   Lithylene battery: rechargeable Li-polymer


   Size: 13 mm diameter by 1.5 mm height (0.2 cm3)

   Capacity: 22 mAh at 3.6V (285 J) @ 200μW means 400 hours

   Primary Li Battery:
   CR1225: 48 mAh at 3V @ 200μW means 1 month




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   33
Sensors: 3-D accelerometer
                                                                                                13 mm
      Kionix KXM52-1050 TriaxisXYZ

                             +/- 2g range
                             1.5mA at 3V
                             0-1500Hz
                             5 x 5 x 1.8 mm
      MAX1239 2-bit ADC

      Other options:
      Bosch Triax SMB360
      Oki ML8950



Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005       35
Sensors: 3-D accelerometer
      Kionix KXM52-1050 TriaxisXYZ




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   35
Sensors: 3-D accelerometer
       Kionix KXM52-1050 TriaxisXYZ

            Requirement                                         Kionix
                                                               Capability

         Small package size                                     5x5x1.8mm
                  Low noise                                   35-65 µg/RtHz
                        Vdd                                         2.5-5.5V
                    Idd@3V                                            1.5mA
        Power management                                             <10 µA
               Start up time                                       <2 mSec
       High shock tolerance                                          >4600g
                 Operating                                     -40 to +125C
                temperature
             Configurations                               Single, dual or tri-
                                                                 axis




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   35
Sensors:                              Electric field sensor
                                            ECG measurement through the clothing




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   36
Schematics electric field sensor




                                                                                   229_2970.jpg




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005     37
Sense Chair
     True unnoticeable HRV monitoring




array of 8 contactless ECG sensors built into this chair




                                                                                                Picture from Montis
Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                         40
Electronic textiles/CONTEXT (together with TNO)
                                                                                         Conductive patches woven into cloth



                                                                                                Possibility of shielding layers



                                                                                           Conductive lines lead to multiplexer


                                                         Optimal combination is connected to amplifiers/filters

                                  Status LEDs can be incorporated




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                                     41
ECG analysis: Heart Rate Variability

           Cepstrum to quantify level of short-term periodicity
           Changes in the cepstrum signal may be linked to
           emotional and/or awareness changes




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005   42
Epilepsy attack warning system
                                                EEG Capacitative probes

      3-D accelerometers


            torso

                                                           Coolflux DSP
          wrists                                                                                Mobile phone

                                                            transceiver                                        internet
          head




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                             53
Epilepsy attack warning system
                                                EEG Capacitative probes

      3-D accelerometers


            torso

                                                           Coolflux DSP
          wrists                                                                                Mobile phone

                                                            transceiver                                        internet
          head




Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005                             53
SAND - Small Autonomous Network Devices

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SAND - Small Autonomous Network Devices

  • 1. Miniature wireless sensor devices Martin Ouwerkerk - Research Healthcare Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Small Autonomous Network Devices 11/10/2005
  • 2. Small Autonomous Network Devices OPUS2002-298 Offering: - A generic platform for unnoticeable unobtrusive sensing with reconfigurable modular miniature wireless sensor devices - Energy scavenging together with ultra low power technologies enable long to infinite operation times - Roadmap to truly small devices Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 3
  • 3. cap Exploded view SAND package SAND modules battery battery compartment Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 15
  • 4. Features • Lego like snap-on building blocks • Easily reconfigurable • Outside of building blocks forms hermetic package • Li battery in bottom module • PV module on top • Antenna printed on outside of PCB Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 confidential 11
  • 5. Stackable module carrier rings: SAND package Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 confidential 12
  • 6. Available modules for SAND power converter Zigbee transceiver 3D accelerometer CC2500 transceiver 1 Mbit flash empty module carrier ring Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 confidential 14
  • 7. All modules ready to form a stack together with caps, battery Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005
  • 8. High end, niche Application evolution Dedicated, autonomous Medical, oil drilling, space, top sport Sport, healthcare, TPM Smart Dust, autonomous Application Development Fitness, ambient Intelligence, distributed, emotion assessment, fatigue Optimized application oriented SAND nodes 3D integrated micro-SAND nodes 6 x 14 mm O 3 x 8 mm O 0.5 x 7 mm O Size 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 17
  • 9. End-user consortium The first generation SAND platform will serve an end-user consortium of about 15 members. -a limited number of large parties, such as Homelab, WUR, WASP, Aquisgrain -a larger number of specific application driven users, such as ILSA, MyHeart, Implantables, Lighting controlls, VIBES, … Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005
  • 10. Crossbow Mica2Dot 10000 Phii lps 1000 C rossbow 100 Intel 3 mm 10 1 0.1 2000 2005 year 2010 2015 Philips Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 18
  • 11. Modules in preparation(when available) Microprocessor CoolfluxDSP (Q4/05) PCH7970(Q4/05) Energy scavenging PV (Q4/06) Vibration (Q4/06) Battery Li button primary(now) Lithilene rechargeable (Q4/05) 3-D accelerometer Electric field Magnetic (now) sensor(now) sensor(Q4/05) Sensors CMOS camera Temperature Humidity (Q4/05) (Q4/05) (Q1/06) Wireless ULP radio(Q4/05) Zigbee/802.15.4 (now) Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 19
  • 12. CoolFlux DSP architecture flow JTAG interupt • Full 24/56 bit datapath debug module control program memory handler instruction unit (CF6-24) fetch unit halt run data address logic instruction pipeline • 2 24x24 bit multipliers generator X interlock and loop control unit logic instruction decoders • 2 56 bit ALUs data address generator Y data • 56 bit accumulators register files processing unit addresses • 16 and 20 bit datapaths 0 source and result busses 1 can also easily be generated m external M0 • JTAG debug interface I/O space external DMA bus arbiters data • I2C interface access P external DMA bus control unit 0 1 M1 • UART interface access X, Y n ALU0 • SPI interface write back buffers X Y ALU1 data memory control ALU2 X Y busses Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Source: Philips Applied Technologies Leuven Storage Signal Processing Martin Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 Ouwerkerk 21/04/2005 20
  • 13. Optimisation of power consumption according to the various relevant parameters: voltage, capacitor, switching activity. •Voltage –Comparison 0.7Volt & 0.9Volt technology (for the core) –Available memory technologies at 0.9Volt •Capacitor Technology comparison between CMOS 180, 130 & 90 nm including process options •Switching activity –Clock distribution and clock gating (micro clock gating for DSP core and macro clock gating for peripherals) –Memory power switching Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Source: Philips Applied Technologies Leuven Storage Signal Processing Martin Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 Ouwerkerk 21/04/2005 26
  • 14. 1G 10pJ/instr 100pJ/instr 100M 1000pJ/instr Microcontroller 10M comparison 1M Coolflux IPS MSP430 Atmel AT89LP 100k LPC3000 PCH7970 10k HTC80C51 XemicsXE88LCO EM6607 1k 1µ 10µ 100µ 1m 10m 100m 1 Watt Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005
  • 15. 1M Power Consumption in Idle mode Microcontroller 100k Coolflux MSP430 comparison PCH970 EM6607 AtmelAt89LP Memory [Bytes] 10k 1k 100 10 1µ 10µ 100µ 1m 10m Watt Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005
  • 16. CoolfluxDSP compared for various technologies 640 μW @ 10 MHz, 8instr/cycle 8 pJ/instruction CMOS 90 nm CMOS 130 nm CMOS 180 nm Core Area (mm2) 0.23 0.43 0.65 Memory area (mm2) 3.34 6.8 16 Leakage (μW) 14 170 4 Power consumption 640 1000 1300 at 10 MHz (μW) Source: Philips Applied Technologies Leuven Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 27
  • 17. The PCBs are put on the rings, which themselves Transceiver PCB are put on top of each other being connected via a “bus” of connectors (which I think could act as a groundplane) End of antenna The antenna is printed on the outside of the connnectors (see left photograph) On the lower right corner you can see an artist impression of how the final system should look like. From this picture you can see that the antenna strip is around the connector bus (probably the groundplane). Depending on the position of the ring with the transceiver PCB (and the antenna) the connectors stick below, above or both. Start of antenna holes for the connectors 24 connectors (conductors) form a bus through the system, Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 Artist impression 1
  • 18. Wireless options Bluetooth Ph. Semiconductors BGB203 8 x 7 x 1.3 mm 33 mA @ 2.65 .. 3.4 V 2.4 GHz Zigbee Chipcon CC2420 7 x 7 x 0.85 mm 19.7 mA @ 2.1 .. 3.6 V 2.4GHz Zigbee Ember EM2420 7 x 7 x 0.85 mm 19.7 mA @ 2.1 .. 3.6 V 2.4GHz ULP wireless PRL Redhill < 1cm2 1 mW 0.868GHz Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 43
  • 19. Photovoltaic energy scavenging: indoor light 24V 6.7A halogen lamp 10.0000 indoor 1.0000 Max_P_mW/cm2 poly_big 0.1000 Si Eno GaAs 0.0100 AM_1 AM_2 poly_small 0.0010 0.0001 100 1000 10000 100000 Lux Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 30
  • 20. Photovoltaic energy scavenging: indoor light 0.1..1 mW out of 1.3 cm2 when using single crystalline Si Conversion to 4.2V battery charging voltage at 70% efficiency 70-700 μW average power to device Autonomous operation only with a duty cycle Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 31
  • 21. Duty cycled operation 200 μW average power budget available: Processing at 640 μW: 10%………….... 64μW Transmission at 50 mW: 0.1%….……... 50μW Leakage and self discharge:89.9%……. 36μW Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 32
  • 22. Energy storage Lithylene battery: rechargeable Li-polymer Size: 13 mm diameter by 1.5 mm height (0.2 cm3) Capacity: 22 mAh at 3.6V (285 J) @ 200μW means 400 hours Primary Li Battery: CR1225: 48 mAh at 3V @ 200μW means 1 month Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 33
  • 23. Sensors: 3-D accelerometer 13 mm Kionix KXM52-1050 TriaxisXYZ +/- 2g range 1.5mA at 3V 0-1500Hz 5 x 5 x 1.8 mm MAX1239 2-bit ADC Other options: Bosch Triax SMB360 Oki ML8950 Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 35
  • 24. Sensors: 3-D accelerometer Kionix KXM52-1050 TriaxisXYZ Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 35
  • 25. Sensors: 3-D accelerometer Kionix KXM52-1050 TriaxisXYZ Requirement Kionix Capability Small package size 5x5x1.8mm Low noise 35-65 µg/RtHz Vdd 2.5-5.5V Idd@3V 1.5mA Power management <10 µA Start up time <2 mSec High shock tolerance >4600g Operating -40 to +125C temperature Configurations Single, dual or tri- axis Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 35
  • 26. Sensors: Electric field sensor ECG measurement through the clothing Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 36
  • 27. Schematics electric field sensor 229_2970.jpg Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 37
  • 28. Sense Chair True unnoticeable HRV monitoring array of 8 contactless ECG sensors built into this chair Picture from Montis Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 40
  • 29. Electronic textiles/CONTEXT (together with TNO) Conductive patches woven into cloth Possibility of shielding layers Conductive lines lead to multiplexer Optimal combination is connected to amplifiers/filters Status LEDs can be incorporated Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 41
  • 30. ECG analysis: Heart Rate Variability Cepstrum to quantify level of short-term periodicity Changes in the cepstrum signal may be linked to emotional and/or awareness changes Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 42
  • 31. Epilepsy attack warning system EEG Capacitative probes 3-D accelerometers torso Coolflux DSP wrists Mobile phone transceiver internet head Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 53
  • 32. Epilepsy attack warning system EEG Capacitative probes 3-D accelerometers torso Coolflux DSP wrists Mobile phone transceiver internet head Health care Devices & Instrumentation / Storage Signal Processing Martin Ouwerkerk 11/10/2005 53