22. NDA 1998-2002 All new chemical entities approved by the United States Food & Drug Administration 1981-2006 ( N = 1184) J. Nat. Prod. 2007, 70, 461 - 477
http://news.mongabay.com/2009/0203-colombia_frogs.html The amphibians were discovered during a recent Rapid Assessment Program (RAP) expedition in the Tacarcuna area of the Darien, near the border with Panama.
Choresine beetle is source for batrachotoxins in genera pitohui and ifrita birds. Frogs Na channels immune to effects of batrachotoxin
Choresine beetle is source for batrachotoxins in genera pitohui and ifrita birds. Frogs Na channels immune to effects of batrachotoxin
homogenize nature; lose adaptations
Oncogene (2009) 28, 2051–2063; doi:10.1038/onc.2009.68; published online 13 April 2009 Microarray coupled to quantitative RT–PCR analysis of androgen-regulated genes in human LNCaP prostate cancer cells Microarrays for Cancer Diagnosis and Classification
Mouse embryo hippocampal neuron migration
transformed Aztec god The U.S. Department of Defense has given a $6.25 million research grant in late 2009 to scientists studying the little creaturewith the aim of eventually helping the more than 1,000 soldiers who have come back from Iraq and Afghanistan with missing extremities. 400
Martin Kragl we further demonstrate that positional identity is a cell-type-specific property of blastema cells, in which cartilage-derived blastema cells harbour positional identity but Schwann-derived cells do not. Our results show that the complex phenomenon of limb regeneration can be achieved without complete dedifferentiation to a pluripotent state, a conclusion with important implications for regenerative medicine.
Lake Chalco 1847 Lake Xochimilco and Lake Chalco. The latter was drained because of flooding danger, and now the expansion of Mexico City is threatening the ecosystems of Lake Xochimilco
Medicines come from species other than microbes Rosy periwinkle - vincristine & vinblastine Acyclovir - cryptotheca crypta (Caribbean sea sponge) Ziconotide - cone snails Roughly 50% of the most prescribed medicines in the United States are directly or indirectly derived from a natural source and, despite the significant contributions from rational drug design in recent years, a recent analysis demonstrates that the majority (116 out of 158) of new drugs licensed between 1998-2002 can be traced to natural product origins
This woman in Maoxian county on the border of China and Nepal is hand-pollinating apple trees because the local bees have gone extinct, from an excessive use of pesticides. It takes 20-25 people to pollinate 100 apple trees, a job done with much greater efficiency by 2 bee hives. This photo, from the International Center for Integrated Mountain Development in Nepal.
Anoura fistulata drinking honey-water from a glass tube. This bat has the longest tongue, relative to body length, of any mammal ( Muchhala 2006a ).
transition to ecosystem services - regulation of climate Forests - water quality -
Figure 7.6. A EDES AEGYPTI Mosquito . Ae. aegypti is the main vector in the world for yellow fever and for dengue fever, the latter caused by the world’s most prevalent mosquito-borne virus. Ae. aegypti is widely distributed, being found in tropical and semitropical areas on all continents. (Courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)
Dengue Fever Cases
Murdered Gorilla Family. Because gorillas are often together as families, it is not diffi cult to slaughter them for bushmeat, all at the same time.
Colour codes depict the number of fish caught per 100 hooks on pelagic longlines set by the Japanese fleet. Data are binned in a global 5° 5° grid.
Bogotá in 1887 when the population was 120,000:
Bogotá in 2007 when the population was 10,244,480:
Bolivar province Ecuador
Bogota Rail endangered
It has been hypothesized that zetekitoxin production requires the presence of symbiotic bacteria, as various forms of bacteria are known to produce a related toxin (saxitoxin)