Sajan Thapa
1) Allegory suggests that enlightenment or education work the same way whereby they expand the growth of ideas. Educational institutions limit the knowledge given to students despite tutor sharing the educational knowledge to their respective students. Nevertheless, the allegory also suggests people should become opportunistic by taking advantage of any favorable opportunity. Enlightenment or education is sharing of knowledge because individuals learn from you and vice versa. Finally, knowing the reality is very important in our life. Therefore, knowledge acquired from enlightenment or education is powerful and by stripping it from individuals cute their view of the reality.Furthermore, allegory deems education to be a masterpiece of brain expansion where the generation of ideas and skill sets. In this case representation of knowledge has been symbolized by “Light” to mean that an enlightened individual who is educated is enlightened. In this summary, we can say that human in their superiority of knowledge, idea, and information they are free to be free thinkers without getting stuck in anything. This builds the strength and analogy of “enlightenment.”
= REPLY
Sajan thapa
2) Being a philosopher, Socrates believed that philosophy was the most important above everything else. His examining and thinking about life spilled out into the lives of others, and he believed that they would all die someday. Believing that philosophy is the love of wisdom, Socrates stated that a life without a philosophy that is ‘unexamined’ life is not worthy of living. Examining one’s life is valuable because it enables you to know the goodness, virtues, justice, truth, and beauty of an individual to name but a few. Nevertheless, examining one’s life enables one to discuss goodness and failing to examine one’s life is the best thing someone can do according to Socrates because without this kind of examination life is not worth living.
=Reply
Nikita Tamang
3) I personally do not think that being self-interested is a bad thing. In fact, being self-interested is a good thing. Most of the time, self- interested people are termed to be selfish. But this does not apply every time. Self-interest leads one to be more creative and develops the eagerness and thirst to learn more about oneself and others. Self- interest generates knowledge and ideas. As well, it is the key to a successful life. If a person can stay happy and satisfied with themselves, then they do not seek others in life. Self-interested people always tend to be happy as they think for their good first and prioritize their own happiness. So, being self-interested is never a bad thing.
Reply
Nikita tamang
4) Both Christ’s Golden rule and Hobbes Golden rule have similarities. But the major difference between these two rules is the difference in the thoughts and context of their principles. Here, while Christ’s Golden rule says that a person needs to do good for others as of the moral values, but the .
SAFEASSIGNCHECKTEST - CSU SAFEASSIGN PLAGIARISM CHECK TOOL
SafeAssign Originality Report Generator I
William Fiedler
on Mon, Aug 27 2018, 9:46 AM
33% highest match
Submission ID: 379b2d26-d065-43d3-b758-c36c7d7e7358
Attachments (1)
· mba 6941 unit VIII reflection Paper.doc 33%
Word Count: 1,397 Attachment ID: 224883277
mba 6941 unit VIII reflection Paper.doc
Running Head: THE PROJECT CLOSURE PHASE 1 THE PROJECT CLOSURE PHASE
2
The Project Closure Phase William Fiedler Columbia Southern University The Project Closure Phase Inside this paperwork, I am going to make a discussion regarding the closing project. I will also extend to discussing the lesson learned towards the end of the project. 1 THE FOURTH AND LAST PROJECT LIFECYCLE STAGE IS THE PROJECT CLOSURE PHASE. IT IS IN THIS STAGE THAT YOU WILL BE ABLE TO YOUR PROJECT FORMALLY CLOSES AFTER THE REPORT SUCCESS LEVEL OF THE SPONSOR YOU HAVE. The exercises that are needed in closing the task in brought in to be by the Project Closure Report and this guarantees the project a conclusion that is embraced productively and comfortably. Once the report is brought into action and acknowledged by the individuals, the reports of the completion of the inside exercises indicated are attempted (Larson, 2014). As a result, the project closure comes into effect formally. 1 AFTER THE CLOSING OF THE TASK IN A PERIOD OF AT LEAST ONE TO THREE MONTHS, THE BUSINESS IS BELIEVED TO START GAINING THE ADVANTAGES GIVEN BY THE PROJECT WHICH MAKE IT MORE ESSENTIAL TO ALLUDE THE POST IMPLEMENTATION REVIEW (PIR) EVALUATION. This provides the business with a wide range of view towards recognizing its achievements level of different tasks as well as offer the education on the future projects that will arise.
2 PROCESS FOR CLOSING THE PROJECT THE PROJECT TRANSITION TASK CONTROL DOCUMENT WILL RECORD THE VICTORIES AND DISAPPOINTMENTS OF THE TASK. It gives a chronicled record of the orchestrated and unique spending plan and schedule, proposals for future endeavors of practically identical size and unpredictability, information on staffing and aptitudes used to meet errand targets and destinations, how the client wants were managed, exercises learned, and an official undertaking close down. One reason for the conclusion understanding system is to offer the sellers a formal warning to the structures that may have been created which has a high expectation that is elegant and commendable or that may have been rejected as a result. If the business does not meet its goals, it ought to make the amendment that hinders them from this achievement, and the individual or the dealer responsible for this should try to fix or eradicate any errors that may have caused it with a formal affirmation (Larson, 2014).
Before the closure of the agreement, all the minor things are fixed, and the competed expectation is to strike the depressed. Over rages of errands, the world has audited quality performance, and the vendor was allowed to influence chan.
SAFEASSIGNCHECKTEST - CSU SAFEASSIGN PLAGIARISM CHECK TOOL
SafeAssign Originality Report Generator I
William Fiedler
on Mon, Aug 27 2018, 9:46 AM
33% highest match
Submission ID: 379b2d26-d065-43d3-b758-c36c7d7e7358
Attachments (1)
· mba 6941 unit VIII reflection Paper.doc 33%
Word Count: 1,397 Attachment ID: 224883277
mba 6941 unit VIII reflection Paper.doc
Running Head: THE PROJECT CLOSURE PHASE 1 THE PROJECT CLOSURE PHASE
2
The Project Closure Phase William Fiedler Columbia Southern University The Project Closure Phase Inside this paperwork, I am going to make a discussion regarding the closing project. I will also extend to discussing the lesson learned towards the end of the project. 1 THE FOURTH AND LAST PROJECT LIFECYCLE STAGE IS THE PROJECT CLOSURE PHASE. IT IS IN THIS STAGE THAT YOU WILL BE ABLE TO YOUR PROJECT FORMALLY CLOSES AFTER THE REPORT SUCCESS LEVEL OF THE SPONSOR YOU HAVE. The exercises that are needed in closing the task in brought in to be by the Project Closure Report and this guarantees the project a conclusion that is embraced productively and comfortably. Once the report is brought into action and acknowledged by the individuals, the reports of the completion of the inside exercises indicated are attempted (Larson, 2014). As a result, the project closure comes into effect formally. 1 AFTER THE CLOSING OF THE TASK IN A PERIOD OF AT LEAST ONE TO THREE MONTHS, THE BUSINESS IS BELIEVED TO START GAINING THE ADVANTAGES GIVEN BY THE PROJECT WHICH MAKE IT MORE ESSENTIAL TO ALLUDE THE POST IMPLEMENTATION REVIEW (PIR) EVALUATION. This provides the business with a wide range of view towards recognizing its achievements level of different tasks as well as offer the education on the future projects that will arise.
2 PROCESS FOR CLOSING THE PROJECT THE PROJECT TRANSITION TASK CONTROL DOCUMENT WILL RECORD THE VICTORIES AND DISAPPOINTMENTS OF THE TASK. It gives a chronicled record of the orchestrated and unique spending plan and schedule, proposals for future endeavors of practically identical size and unpredictability, information on staffing and aptitudes used to meet errand targets and destinations, how the client wants were managed, exercises learned, and an official undertaking close down. One reason for the conclusion understanding system is to offer the sellers a formal warning to the structures that may have been created which has a high expectation that is elegant and commendable or that may have been rejected as a result. If the business does not meet its goals, it ought to make the amendment that hinders them from this achievement, and the individual or the dealer responsible for this should try to fix or eradicate any errors that may have caused it with a formal affirmation (Larson, 2014).
Before the closure of the agreement, all the minor things are fixed, and the competed expectation is to strike the depressed. Over rages of errands, the world has audited quality performance, and the vendor was allowed to influence chan.
Safety Management System1SMS-1Jeffrey D Carpenter, CSP.docxrtodd599
Safety Management System
1
SMS-1
Jeffrey D Carpenter, CSP
Columbia Southern University
The International Air Transport Association defines a Safety Management System (SMS) as being a systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
Another definition of an SMS is a businesslike approach to safety. It is a systematic, explicit and comprehensive process for managing safety risks. As with all management systems, a safety management system provides for goal setting, planning, and measuring performance.
1
SMS-2
2
This is a risk based approach to the safety management throughout the organization
Safety Management System
Definitions of a Safety management system
An SMS provides a systematic way to identify hazards and control risks while maintaining assurance that these risk controls are effective.
Setting up your safety management system
You can read our setting up your SMS and our SMS for aviation guide which is a resource kit that will help you prepare and implement your plan. It'll need to include a detailed guide about how you're going to set up your SMS. Your safety management system will grow and improve and will be a living document.
How do I educate my staff?
You and your staff will need safety management system training and to review online resources. It can be useful to collect documents and resources for an SMS library within your organization.
2
SMS-3
3
Safety Management System
A Safety Management System is not:
Rocket Science
Magic
Safety Management System
An SMS is not “rocket science” or “magic.”
There are three imperatives for adopting a safety management system for a business – these are ethical, legal and financial. You can also educate your staff through internal and external safety training and communication. This could include providing SMS information in your organization's safety bulletins, newsletters and or through promotional posters or by holding meetings and workshops with external providers.
3
SMS-4
4
KISS method of a SMS
Four key elements:
Safety Assurance
Safety Policy
Risk Management
Safety Promotion
KISS METHODS FOR SMS
To be effective an SMS needs the following four key elements:
Safety Policy
Risk Management
Safety Assurance
Safety Promotion
4
SMS-5
5
The Four SMS Components
Safety Assurance
Involves the evaluation of the continued implementations and effectiveness of the risk control procedures which supports both existing and future hazards.
Safety Policy
This is established by the senior management to help in improving the safety standards, while defining methods, organizations and the structure required in delivering the safety standards and goals.
Safety Promotion
Safety promotions include the activities such as safety, building a positive culture and having the designated areas which are used in safety education.
Safety Risk
Management
Determines the
need for and
.
Safety and Health Providing a safe and secure environment for emplo.docxrtodd599
Safety and Health: Providing a safe and secure environment for employees. Ensuring physical, emotional, and technological security.
Description of how the above mentionesd HR Function is traditionally practiced?
Please use APA format and Citations. 500 words(only Scholarly articles)
Due By 11:59 PM 03/28/2020
.
Safeby Rachael FabelurinSubmission dat e 07 - Jan- 201.docxrtodd599
Safe
by Rachael Fabelurin
Submission dat e : 07 - Jan- 2019 12:02PM (UT C+0000)
Submission ID: 98321601
File name : 94 812_Rachael_Fabelurin_Saf e_506158_84 631664 2.do cx
Word count : 4 369
Charact e r count : 24 07 0
1
Int ro. Int ro brief
¶
LO1.1
LO1.1
¶
E and E.Equal considerat ion t o LO's
LO2.1
ref up t o dat e 1
Good point s needs ref erences. Ref erence t hroughout your work
LO3.1
2
address immediat ely
RW
address immediat ely
4
LO1.1
Abbreviat ions
Good point s needs ref erences.
over-reliance
LO3.1
Abbr.
LO1.1
LO3.1
very good, however.....
6
8
LO1.1
9
LO3.1
analysis
LO3.1
LO3.1
RW
10
LO4.1
Good knowledge 1
11
LO3.1
LO4.1
12
LO4.1
E and E.
Det ail
Expa
Good point s needs ref erences.
desc wit h links f or analysis
LO4.1
Equal considerat ion t o LO's
LO4.1
LO4.1
Good
13
14
15
LO4.1
Good
Good
16
17
18
succinct
19
Good knowledge 1
analysis
LO2.1
repet it ion
20
ref -up t o dat e-1
21
avoid f irst , second....
Conc. conc t oo brief
abbr - end t ext
4%
SIMILARIT Y INDEX
3%
INT ERNET SOURCES
0%
PUBLICAT IONS
1%
ST UDENT PAPERS
1 1%
2 <1%
3 <1%
4 <1%
5 <1%
6 <1%
7 <1%
8 <1%
9
Safe
ORIGINALITY REPORT
PRIMARY SOURCES
Submitted to Bolton Institute of Higher
Education
St udent Paper
www.ncb.org.uk
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Coventry University
St udent Paper
www.grandparentsplus.org.uk
Int ernet Source
angliaruskin.openrepository.com
Int ernet Source
www.sor.org
Int ernet Source
www.tandf online.com
Int ernet Source
www.childrensmapping.org.uk
Int ernet Source
core.ac.uk
<1%
10 <1%
11 <1%
12 <1%
13 <1%
14 <1%
15 <1%
Exclude quo tes Of f
Exclude biblio graphy On
Exclude matches Of f
Int ernet Source
kinderschutzf onds.ch
Int ernet Source
www.childprotectioninquiry.qld.gov.au
Int ernet Source
ssrg.org.uk
Int ernet Source
sro.sussex.ac.uk
Int ernet Source
kemsley.kent.sch.uk
Int ernet Source
www.publications.parliament.uk
Int ernet Source
FINAL GRADE
30/100
Safe
GRADEMARK REPORT
GENERAL COMMENTS
Instructor
T hank yo u f o r submitting yo ur essay, I can see that
then similarity sco re is 21% which is acceptable but
please try to paraphrase mo re ef f ectively to keep
this sco re to a minimum.
Please review co mments belo w which explain ho w
yo u met the learning o utco mes and any po ints f o r
f uture develo pment.
LO1: Critically analyse the co ncepts o f saf eguarding
children and child abuse in the co ntext o f yo ur
pro f essio nal ro le.
MET
Yo u have explained the so cial wo rkers ro les and
respo nsibilities in relatio n to saf eguarding children in
detail, ho wever, the discussio n is a descriptio n o f
the so cial wo rker ro le rather than a critical
discussio n abo ut the co ncepts o f children and
saf eguarding. T he discussio ns wo uld f ro m mo re
analysis and co uld be achieved by f o llo wing the
written and verbal guidance I pro vi.
SAFEASSIGNCHECKTEST - CSU SAFEASSIGN PLAGIARISM CHECK TOOL
SafeAssign Originality Report Generator I
Odell Kruah
on Fri, Nov 30 2018, 4:44 PM
100% highest match
Submission ID: d0da8619-c56f-4e34-9af1-6edd71018503
Attachments (1)
PROJECT VI.docx
1 ODELL KRUAH PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT VI NOVEMBER 30,
2018
Part 1
1 DEVELOP AN IN-DEPTH SCHEDULE FOR THE PROJECT YOU
SELECTED AND USED TO DEVELOP THE STATEMENT OF WORK AND
WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE IN UNIT III. PLEASE REFER TO
THE INTEGRATED PROJECT IN CHAPTER 10 ON PAGE 363 (PROJECT
SCHEDULING) OF THE TEXTBOOK FOR MORE INFORMATION. BE
SURE TO INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS:
· AN ACTIVITY PRECEDENCE DIAGRAM, · AN ACTIVITY DURATION
TABLE, AND · A NETWORK DIAGRAM AND GANTT CHARTS.
· AN ACTIVITY PRECEDENCE DIAGRAM:
(http://safeassign.blackboard.com/)
PROJECT VI.docx
Word Count: 862 Attachment ID: 244309330
100%
ACTIVITY DURATION TABLE:
ACTIVITY EXPECTED DURATION PREDECESSOR
A 5 DAYS ----
B 10 DAYS A
C 8 DAYS A
D 1 DAY A
E 5 DAYS B, C
F 10 DAYS D, E
G 14 DAYS F
H 3 DAYS G
I 12 DAYS F
J 6 DAYS H, I
A NETWORK DIAGRAM AND GANTT CHARTS:
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
Part 2
1 PLEASE COMPLETE CASE STUDY 10.1: PROJECT SCHEDULING AT
BLANQUE CHECK CONSTRUCTION ON PAGE 360 OF THE TEXTBOOK,
AND ANSWER THE THREE QUESTIONS AT THE END.
Q1(ANS)
PRECEDENCE DIAGRAM:
1 C=DIFFERENT CONSRUCTION TYPES OF SCHEDULING METHODS
TYPE FROM 1 TO 9 P= DIFFERENT CONSRUCTION PROJECTS WHICH
SHOW THE TYPES OF SCHEDULING METHODS TYPE FROM 1 TO 9
O1=ORGANIZATION ONE O2= ORGANIZATION 2
S E C4 C5 O1 P9 P8 O2 P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 C9 C8 C7 C6 C1 C2 C3 P1
Q2(ANS) ACCORDING TO MY RESEARCH LEVEL AND LITERATURE
REVIEW THE EXPERT OPINION AND PAST HISTORY BOTH ARE THE
BEST TO SOLVE PROBLEM FOR CALCULATING THE CRITICAL
PATH ,WHICH MAY ALSO TELL US THE DURATION OR PROJECT
DELAY TO HANDLE OR RUN OUR CONSTRUCTION COMPANY.
Q3(ANS) THESE BOTH HAVE SOME STRENGTHENS AND
WEAKNESSES AND BOTH GIVE THE RESULTS PROBABLY SAME , BUT
ACCORDING TO LITERATURE AOA IS THE BENEFICIAL FOR
MODELING IT WILL BE HELPFUL AND IN THE BUSINESS FIELD IT
WILL BE IMPORTANT AON WILL BE LESS WIDELY USED , IN CASE OF
LARGE AND COMPLEX PROJECTS IT IS EASIER TO EMPLOY THE
PATH PROCESS USED IN THE AOA. ACCORDING TO AOA WE
ACHIEVE THE EVERY MILESTONE AND PARTICULARLY USED THE
DUMMY PROJECTS OR ACTIVITIES THE CONCEPT OF DUMMY
PROJECT IS NOT SIMPLE AND EASY IT REQUIRE MORE TRAINING
AND PRACTICE. AON CONVENTION ,AOA NETWORK USED BOTH
NODES AND ARROW TO LABEL THE PROJECT.
Part 3
1 DEVELOP A NETWORK ACTIVITY CHART, AND IDENTIFY THE
CRITICAL PATH FOR A PROJECT BASED ON THE INFORMATION
PROVIDED IN THE GANTT CHART BELOW. DRAW THE ACTIVITY
NETWORK AS A GANTT CHART. WHAT IS THE EXPECTED DURATION
OF THE PROJECT?
ACTIVITY EXPECTED DURATION PREDECESSOR
A 5 DAYS ----
B 10 DAYS A
C 8 DAYS A
D 1 DAY A
E 5 DAYS B, C
F 10 DAYS D, E
G 14 DAYS F
H 3 DAYS G
I 12 DAYS F
J 6 DAYS H, I.
Safe Work Environment Please respond to the followingRecommen.docxrtodd599
Safe Work Environment"
Please respond to the following:
Recommend a key objective that should be included in an HR policy to help ensure the existence of a work environment that protects employees from situations involving harassment, violence, or breaches of personal information. Provide support for your rationale.
Agree or disagree that legal requirements for employee safety and welfare are essential to keeping employees safe. Support your rationale.
.
Sadder and Less Accurate False Memory for NegativeMaterial .docxrtodd599
Sadder and Less Accurate? False Memory for Negative
Material in Depression
Jutta Joormann
University of Miami
Bethany A. Teachman
University of Virginia
Ian H. Gotlib
Stanford University
Previous research has demonstrated that induced sad mood is associated with increased accuracy of recall
in certain memory tasks; the effects of clinical depression, however, are likely to be quite different. The
authors used the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm to examine the impact of clinical depression on
erroneous recall of neutral and/or emotional stimuli. Specifically, they presented Deese-Roediger-
McDermott lists that were highly associated with negative, neutral, or positive lures and compared
participants diagnosed with major depressive disorder and nondepressed control participants on the
accuracy of their recall of presented material and their false recall of never-presented lures. Compared
with control participants, major depressive disorder participants recalled fewer words that had been
previously presented but were more likely to falsely recall negative lures; there were no differences
between major depressive disorder and control participants in false recall of positive or neutral lures.
These findings indicate that depression is associated with false memories of negative material.
Keywords: depression, memory, cognition, emotion, bias
Mood states and emotions affect memory in various ways.
Mood-induction studies, for example, have demonstrated that neg-
ative affect is associated with increased accuracy in retrieval
(Storbeck & Clore, 2005), whereas positive mood states are asso-
ciated with decreases in processing capacity (Mackie & Worth,
1989) and reduced processing motivation (Wegener & Petty,
1994), resulting in less accurate recall (Ruder & Bless, 2003). At
the same time, research on mood-congruency suggests that affec-
tive states increase the accessibility of mood-congruent material
(Bower, 1981). Understanding this complex interaction of mood
and memory is important, given its critical role in emotion regu-
lation and emotional disorders.
Individual differences in mood-congruent memory and in the
accessibility of mood-incongruent material have been proposed to
predict the ability to regulate negative mood states (Joormann &
Siemer, 2004; Joormann, Siemer, & Gotlib, 2007). Indeed, depres-
sion, by definition a disorder characterized by difficulty regulating
negative mood states, is associated with two distinct but related
memory impairments.
First, difficulties in cognitive control (i.e., focal attention to
relevant stimuli and inhibition of irrelevant material) result in
memory deficits for nonemotional material (Burt, Zembar, &
Niederehe, 1995; Hertel, 2004). In a series of studies, Hertel and
her collaborators (Hertel, 1998; Hertel & Rude, 1991) presented
evidence indicating that depression-related impairments are not
observed in all components of memory but are found primarily in
free-recall tasks and in other unstructu.
Safe Work Environment Please respond to the followingRecomme.docxrtodd599
"Safe Work Environment"
Please respond to the following:
Recommend a key objective that should be included in an HR policy to help ensure the existence of a work environment that protects employees from situations involving harassment, violence, or breaches of personal information. Provide support for your rationale.
Provide an example of a specific policy or process required by your current or previous employee that helps keep employees safe at work.
Documentation"
Please respond to the following:
Suggest the most significant type of documentation that should be maintained in an employee’s HR file to protect the organization from legal action.
Recommend a strategy for handling employee documentation to ensure that privacy obligations are not violated. Provide support for your recommendation.
.
Safe Work Environment Please respond to the followingRecomme.docxrtodd599
"Safe Work Environment" Please respond to the following:
Recommend a key objective that should be included in an HR policy to help ensure the existence of a work environment that protects employees from situations involving harassment, violence, or breaches of personal information. Provide support for your rationale.
Agree or disagree that legal requirements for employee safety and welfare are essential to keeping employees safe. Support your rationale.
.
S216 MAN506 ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR https://online.cdu.edu.au/webapps/rubric/do/course/manageRubrics?di...
1 of 2 29/06/2016 1:54 PM
S216 MAN506 ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR https://online.cdu.edu.au/webapps/rubric/do/course/manageRubrics?di...
2 of 2 29/06/2016 1:54 PM
Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW ON HYBRID CLASSES
LITERATURE REVIEW ON HYBRID CLASSES
Literature review on hybrid classes
Author’s name
Institutions affiliations
Hybrid classes and learning can be described as a combination of both faces to face learning that may at times involve lectures and online learning which is not always a must. Lectures may at times be considered, but that is not always the case for it to be a hybrid form of learning. The kind of hybrid learning and classes can be classified into two different categories. Those include the replacement, supplemental learning, the emporium and the buffet kind of classification. The types are divided depending on face to face classes interacts with the online constituents of the course in question. For the case of replacement, mostly the one on one kind of learning with the tutors and the lectures are completely replaced or rather substituted fully or partly by the online classes. This then reduces the time spent on attending the classes. In such a case, students are usually required to concentrate more on watching videos on YouTube and tackling assignments assigned to them. Hybrid learning is a platform that will help on saving the time spent by the students when they run from one class to another so as to have an encounter with the lecturers. It is, therefore, more revolutionized compared to the normal traditional forms of learning. The subsequent paragraphs in this essay will outline a literature review from various sources for the research on how the hybrid learning is more important compared to the traditional learning methods and to know why most of the universities use this type .
Literature review
Several studies and research has been conducted on the reasons as to why the hybrid form of learning and the hybrid classes are more important or more uses so they are taking over the traditional forms of learning which include face to face learning and attending the lectures. Several controversies have arisen from different authors on outlining some of the reasons as to why hybrid learning should be promoted. Renowned scholars have published articles and journals as well as books on the same. Most people and students have been left in a dilemma on whatever means to use so as to acquire the knowledge they require. The many advantages that have come with the hybrid kind of learning have made many universities and learning institutions across the globe to adopt the new mode of learning that is hybrid classes and sort to drop or rather do away with the online classes or the face to face classes. So many factors have been found to contribute to that decision by the management team of most .
SAAD COLLEGE OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCESUNIVERSI.docxrtodd599
SAAD COLLEGE OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES
UNIVERSIY OF ULESTER
Student name: Fatimah Aldawood
ID number: SNC:136193
Cohort: (Year 4 semester 2)
Course Title: BSc (Hons) in Nursing Studies
Module Title: Developing research proposal
Module Code: NUR 585 CRN: 59060
Words Count:
Date:
Lecturer responsible for unit:
List of content:
The content
Pages
Table of content
2
Acknowledgment
3
Abstract
4
Literature review
5-
Significant of the study
Aim, Objectives and Research question
Methodology
Setting
Population
Sampling
Tools for data collection
Robustness of the study
Ethical consideration
Pilot study
Data analysis
Process of data collection
Outcomes
Time scale
Budget
Appendix A: information leaflet
Appendix B: consent forms
Appendix C questionnaire part1
Appendix C: interview questionnaire part2
Reference
Acknowledgement:
First of all, I would like to thank my mother and my sister to their emotional support, they encourage drove me into this level. Then I have to say thanks to my teachers for their good learning to me. Finally, I hope that my research study stimulates nurses to give more and understand the importance of great nursing profession.
The Effective of Nursing Education and Attitude to Improve Knowledge in Palliative Care of Hospital- internationally.
Abstract:
This research going to describe the effect of nursing education and attitude to improve knowledge in palliative care of hospital- internationally. The palliative is medical specialty caring for people with chronic and serous disease. This type of care concentrate on rest of patient from the symptoms and stress diseases. The aims is to improve clarity of life for both the patient and their family. However nursing education and attitude have real affect on patient health, by improve nursing education patient care can improved. Even if the nurse dos not have enough education she can progress himself by continuous learning. "The 2011 Public Opinion Strategies found that most Americans believe that palliative care should be made available to all hospitals "(Center to Advance Palliative Care [CAPC], 2011).
Background: Long work in medical area can affect in the Knowledge and attitude for the nurse it could in bad or good way, So the nurse have to improve himself to achieve the standard of care for patient in Palliative Care. Because of around the world the numbers of patients who`s need palliative care is increased, and the nurse come from the first line of patient care.
Method: A quantitative study will used to explore the determine the knowledge and attitude of Saudi nurse who is provide care for palliative patient.
Data collection:
Data collection is "the process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest, in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer stated research questions, test hypotheses, and evaluate outcomes". The data collection compo.
S18 SOCI 111: Social Networks
Homework 4
DUE: 6/6/19
81 points total
Instructions: As before, these problems give you an opportunity to use the concepts and
techniques we’ve learned in class to analyze interesting social systems. This time I’ve
leaned more toward interesting conceptual puzzles rather than brute calculations. I
encourage you to work in groups (of no more than 5), but each student should prepare
her or his own solutions, along with a note at the top of your assignment crediting
other members of the working group. Please make sure you truly understand the
solution to a problem, and please: DO NOT COPY SOLUTIONS. This includes copying
solutions from earlier years. We will figure it out. Do not go to the testbank at SAC, do
not go to Course Hero, and do not get solutions from friends who have taken the course
in the past. This will impede your learning, it will not prepare you for the final exam, and
I will treat it as academic misconduct.
In general, you should show your work rather than just writing down a number. This
makes it easier for us to see that you know what you are doing, and easier for you to
see when you’ve made a trivial mistake. On the other hand, don’t just throw everything
vaguely relevant at the wall and hope that something sticks. You need to be judicious!
Please turn in a hard copy of your solutions to the TA at the beginning of class. Your
submission should be neat and legible: you can type it up or write it out by hand, but we
aren’t going to engage in decipherment here. Please follow the breakdown of questions
into parts (a, b, c, etc.) to make these easier for your TA to grade.
Q1. Why is it sometimes rational to imitate the behavior of others? Briefly describe
two reasons, and give an example of each. (6 points)
Q2. You are in charge of marketing a new smartphone app, SeeFood, that allows
users to share pictures of food with each other. Uptake of the app will obey the
following dynamical rule:
If the company spends $50,000 on marketing, it can get a fraction z’ of the population to
Adopt the app at time 0. This fraction z’ is between B and C—just above B, in fact. If the
company spends $300,000 on marketing, it can get a fraction z’’ of the population to
Adopt at time 0 (mostly by giving the App away). This fraction z’’ is close to D. You think
that the company should spend the $300,000, as it will get you close to total adoption.
Your intern argues that you should spend $50,000 on marketing instead. If adoption
settles at fraction A, your company will make $0 in revenue; at fraction B, your company
will make $100,000 in revenue; at fraction C, your company will make $200,000 in
revenue; and at fraction D, your company will make $500,000 in revenue.
a) Explain why you are wrong, by showing that you will actually lose money
if you spend the $300,000 to get a fraction z’’ of the population to Adopt.
Remember, in.
SAAD COLLEGE OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SC.docxrtodd599
SAAD COLLEGE OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCINCE - UNIVERSITY OF ULESTER
ACDAMIC YEAR 2018-19
Semester one
Assignment Title: Nutrition Knowledge among Young Pregnant Women in Middle East.
Student name: Alreem Ali Alaliwat
ID number: SNC 146046 \ UU ID: B00697863
Cohort: 16 (Year 4 semester 2)
Course Title: B.Sc (Hons) in Nursing Studies
Module Title: Developing a research proposal
Module Code: NUS 585 CRN: 59064
Words Count: 6000
Date: 29/11/2018
Lecturer responsible for unit: Dr. Safia Belal
Table of Contents
Acknowledgement2
Abstract3
Chapter 15
Introduction5
1.Young Pregnant Women6
2.Nutrition Knowledge7
3.Education Need for Pregnant Words7
Significant Of the Study8
Aim of the Study9
Research Question9
Objective10
Research Question10
Chapter 211
Design11
Setting12
Sampling and Population13
Inclusion Criteria13
Exclusion Criteria13
Data Collection13
Ethical Considering14
Pilot Study15
Data Analysis16
Procedure of the Main Study17
Chapter 318
Time Scale18
Budget19
Expected Outcome20
References21
Appendix I Consent Form27
Appendix II Participant Leaflet27
Appendix III Questionnaire28
About Nutrition29
Acknowledgement:
First of all, I am thankful of Allah for helping me to complete this research .
Through this paper, I'm a proud of working with all the participant and I appreciate your efforts that were help and support me especially my lovely husband and my sister Dr.Ghada
Also I would like to give special thanks to Dr.Safiah Bilal , special thanx for here for the kindness, guidance, encouragement, and suggestions du ring writing this study.
Alreem.
Nutrition Knowledge among Young Pregnant Women In Saudi ArabiaAbstract:
Background: Nutrition plays a key role during pregnancy in the sense that the nourishment that a pregnant woman gets determines the nutrients that the developing fetus gets. Nutrition knowledge in this case refers to information and skills that an individual normally has pertaining food intake. In respect to the research topic, this refers to information and skills needed by pregnant women.
Aim: The aim of the study identify nutrition knowledge among young pregnant women.
Sample: the sample population of these study is the young pregnant women they take probability sample fore 100 participants.
Methodology: the researcher uses quantitative design for statics and data analysis, as well random sample, it will be at Almanaa Hospital.
Key words : Nutrition , knowledge , pregnancy
Nutrition Knowledge among Young Pregnant Women In Saudi ArabiaChapter 1Introduction
The purpose of the study is to investigate and establish whether pregnant young Saudi women have the needed nutritional knowledge. Nutrition plays a key role during pregnancy in the sense that the nourishment that a pregnant woman gets determines the nutrients that the deve.
Sadly today police are not often viewed in the best light. Not a.docxrtodd599
Sadly today police are not often viewed in the best light. Not all officers are bad or are guilty of misconduct. However many people think a few bad ones spoil them all and while it is not true perception is everything. When officers are apart of misconduct, bad behaviors and other negative incidents this ruins community trust and support. Early intervention systems have surfaced as a useful tool in managing the risk of misconduct by police. As stated earlier its only a small amount of officers that are responsible for citizen complaints. These complaints are comprised of use of physical force and other infractions. (2020) When indicators are monitored or risk related outputs by officers so to speak.
Administrators can then recognize or identify actions of officers that are symptomatic or are problomatic indicators of possible police misconduct. Research shows that typically misconduct is skewed across a small group of officers at any given time. Officers who participate in misconduct aften have similar histories concerning age and pre-employment. It is found these things build over time they do not just happen out of the blue. This makes it very important to identify problems lying in wait. Such things as officer bias, not understanding policies, supervisors with poor supervisory skills any problems that could trigger or add to future events unfolding. It is prdent to look for any traits, actions or performance issues that raise speculation. These are the factors that snowball over time and lead to ubfortunate events. (2020
respond to this discussion question in 150 words
.
SA #1 What is Ekman Divergence Wherewhat are three location.docxrtodd599
SA #1: What is Ekman Divergence? Where/what are three locations/conditions
where this phenomenon occurs in the ocean? What physical oceanographic
phenomenon is a consequence of divergence? What sort of biological response
is also frequently associated with divergence?
SA #3: Consider sunlight striking planet Earth and the energy that subsequently
radiates back to space. Describe what kind of light enters and leaves the Earth.
Are these two energy fluxes in balance at all locations on Earth? Are they in
balance on average? What role does the ocean play in the movement of energy
at Earth’s surface?
1.
Global Leadership 2019-2020
Under Guidance from Dr. Sriram Rajagopalan
LDR 6145
Northeastern University
Table of Contents
Global Leadership Success Through Emotional and Cultural Intelligences.....................................5
The Global Leadership of Carlos Ghosn at Nissan.........................................................................17
Gojo Industries: Aiming for Global Sustainability Leadership.........................................................29
Leadership in a Globalizing World..................................................................................................41
Regional Strategies for Global Leadership.....................................................................................85
Rising Costs of Bad Leadership.....................................................................................................99
Learning to Manage Global Innovation Projects...........................................................................103
Global Leadership 2019-2020 LDR 6145
Under Guidance from Dr. Sriram Rajagopalan Northeastern University
2.
Global leadership success through emotional and
cultural intelligences
Ilan Alon, James M. Higgins*
Roy E. Crummer Graduate School of Business, Rollins College, 1000 Holt Ave-2722, Winter Park, FL 32789,
USA
Abstract Culturally attuned and emotionally sensitive global leaders need to be
developed: leaders who can respond to the particular foreign environments of
different countries and different interpersonal work situations. Two emerging
constructs are especially relevant to the development of successful global leaders:
cultural and emotional intelligences. When considered under the traditional view of
intelligence as measured by IQ, cultural, and emotional intelligences provide a
framework for better understanding cross-cultural leadership and help clarify
possible adaptations that need to be implemented in leadership development
programs of multinational firms. This article posits that emotional intelligence (EQ),
analytical intelligence (IQ), and leadership behaviors are moderated by cultural
intelligence (CQ) in the formation of global leadership success.
D 2005 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University. All rights reserved.
bBut when a prince acquires the sovereignty of a
country differing from his own .
S&J Plumbing, Inc.s 2010 income statement shows a net profit before.docxrtodd599
S&J Plumbing, Inc.'s 2010 income statement shows a net profit before tax of $468, whereas the balance sheet that the company's equity for the fiscal year-end 2010 is $1,746.
Calculate the company's return on equity and explain whether the managers are providing a good return on the capital provided by the company’s shareholders.
Diagram and explain the operating cycle of a service company.
.
S2021Instructions In describing your pro and con arguments, be sure.docxrtodd599
S2021Instructions: In describing your pro and con arguments, be sure your information is correct and can be backed up. Ex: Many students list statistics that they believe about these issues, but often, the statistics they quote are not based in fact. Check your facts with reliable sources before using them in an argument. (Checking multiple sources is best.) That is one of the most important components of critical thinking, analysis, and argumentation.PolicyDes
.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Safety Management System1SMS-1Jeffrey D Carpenter, CSP.docxrtodd599
Safety Management System
1
SMS-1
Jeffrey D Carpenter, CSP
Columbia Southern University
The International Air Transport Association defines a Safety Management System (SMS) as being a systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
Another definition of an SMS is a businesslike approach to safety. It is a systematic, explicit and comprehensive process for managing safety risks. As with all management systems, a safety management system provides for goal setting, planning, and measuring performance.
1
SMS-2
2
This is a risk based approach to the safety management throughout the organization
Safety Management System
Definitions of a Safety management system
An SMS provides a systematic way to identify hazards and control risks while maintaining assurance that these risk controls are effective.
Setting up your safety management system
You can read our setting up your SMS and our SMS for aviation guide which is a resource kit that will help you prepare and implement your plan. It'll need to include a detailed guide about how you're going to set up your SMS. Your safety management system will grow and improve and will be a living document.
How do I educate my staff?
You and your staff will need safety management system training and to review online resources. It can be useful to collect documents and resources for an SMS library within your organization.
2
SMS-3
3
Safety Management System
A Safety Management System is not:
Rocket Science
Magic
Safety Management System
An SMS is not “rocket science” or “magic.”
There are three imperatives for adopting a safety management system for a business – these are ethical, legal and financial. You can also educate your staff through internal and external safety training and communication. This could include providing SMS information in your organization's safety bulletins, newsletters and or through promotional posters or by holding meetings and workshops with external providers.
3
SMS-4
4
KISS method of a SMS
Four key elements:
Safety Assurance
Safety Policy
Risk Management
Safety Promotion
KISS METHODS FOR SMS
To be effective an SMS needs the following four key elements:
Safety Policy
Risk Management
Safety Assurance
Safety Promotion
4
SMS-5
5
The Four SMS Components
Safety Assurance
Involves the evaluation of the continued implementations and effectiveness of the risk control procedures which supports both existing and future hazards.
Safety Policy
This is established by the senior management to help in improving the safety standards, while defining methods, organizations and the structure required in delivering the safety standards and goals.
Safety Promotion
Safety promotions include the activities such as safety, building a positive culture and having the designated areas which are used in safety education.
Safety Risk
Management
Determines the
need for and
.
Safety and Health Providing a safe and secure environment for emplo.docxrtodd599
Safety and Health: Providing a safe and secure environment for employees. Ensuring physical, emotional, and technological security.
Description of how the above mentionesd HR Function is traditionally practiced?
Please use APA format and Citations. 500 words(only Scholarly articles)
Due By 11:59 PM 03/28/2020
.
Safeby Rachael FabelurinSubmission dat e 07 - Jan- 201.docxrtodd599
Safe
by Rachael Fabelurin
Submission dat e : 07 - Jan- 2019 12:02PM (UT C+0000)
Submission ID: 98321601
File name : 94 812_Rachael_Fabelurin_Saf e_506158_84 631664 2.do cx
Word count : 4 369
Charact e r count : 24 07 0
1
Int ro. Int ro brief
¶
LO1.1
LO1.1
¶
E and E.Equal considerat ion t o LO's
LO2.1
ref up t o dat e 1
Good point s needs ref erences. Ref erence t hroughout your work
LO3.1
2
address immediat ely
RW
address immediat ely
4
LO1.1
Abbreviat ions
Good point s needs ref erences.
over-reliance
LO3.1
Abbr.
LO1.1
LO3.1
very good, however.....
6
8
LO1.1
9
LO3.1
analysis
LO3.1
LO3.1
RW
10
LO4.1
Good knowledge 1
11
LO3.1
LO4.1
12
LO4.1
E and E.
Det ail
Expa
Good point s needs ref erences.
desc wit h links f or analysis
LO4.1
Equal considerat ion t o LO's
LO4.1
LO4.1
Good
13
14
15
LO4.1
Good
Good
16
17
18
succinct
19
Good knowledge 1
analysis
LO2.1
repet it ion
20
ref -up t o dat e-1
21
avoid f irst , second....
Conc. conc t oo brief
abbr - end t ext
4%
SIMILARIT Y INDEX
3%
INT ERNET SOURCES
0%
PUBLICAT IONS
1%
ST UDENT PAPERS
1 1%
2 <1%
3 <1%
4 <1%
5 <1%
6 <1%
7 <1%
8 <1%
9
Safe
ORIGINALITY REPORT
PRIMARY SOURCES
Submitted to Bolton Institute of Higher
Education
St udent Paper
www.ncb.org.uk
Int ernet Source
Submitted to Coventry University
St udent Paper
www.grandparentsplus.org.uk
Int ernet Source
angliaruskin.openrepository.com
Int ernet Source
www.sor.org
Int ernet Source
www.tandf online.com
Int ernet Source
www.childrensmapping.org.uk
Int ernet Source
core.ac.uk
<1%
10 <1%
11 <1%
12 <1%
13 <1%
14 <1%
15 <1%
Exclude quo tes Of f
Exclude biblio graphy On
Exclude matches Of f
Int ernet Source
kinderschutzf onds.ch
Int ernet Source
www.childprotectioninquiry.qld.gov.au
Int ernet Source
ssrg.org.uk
Int ernet Source
sro.sussex.ac.uk
Int ernet Source
kemsley.kent.sch.uk
Int ernet Source
www.publications.parliament.uk
Int ernet Source
FINAL GRADE
30/100
Safe
GRADEMARK REPORT
GENERAL COMMENTS
Instructor
T hank yo u f o r submitting yo ur essay, I can see that
then similarity sco re is 21% which is acceptable but
please try to paraphrase mo re ef f ectively to keep
this sco re to a minimum.
Please review co mments belo w which explain ho w
yo u met the learning o utco mes and any po ints f o r
f uture develo pment.
LO1: Critically analyse the co ncepts o f saf eguarding
children and child abuse in the co ntext o f yo ur
pro f essio nal ro le.
MET
Yo u have explained the so cial wo rkers ro les and
respo nsibilities in relatio n to saf eguarding children in
detail, ho wever, the discussio n is a descriptio n o f
the so cial wo rker ro le rather than a critical
discussio n abo ut the co ncepts o f children and
saf eguarding. T he discussio ns wo uld f ro m mo re
analysis and co uld be achieved by f o llo wing the
written and verbal guidance I pro vi.
SAFEASSIGNCHECKTEST - CSU SAFEASSIGN PLAGIARISM CHECK TOOL
SafeAssign Originality Report Generator I
Odell Kruah
on Fri, Nov 30 2018, 4:44 PM
100% highest match
Submission ID: d0da8619-c56f-4e34-9af1-6edd71018503
Attachments (1)
PROJECT VI.docx
1 ODELL KRUAH PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT VI NOVEMBER 30,
2018
Part 1
1 DEVELOP AN IN-DEPTH SCHEDULE FOR THE PROJECT YOU
SELECTED AND USED TO DEVELOP THE STATEMENT OF WORK AND
WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE IN UNIT III. PLEASE REFER TO
THE INTEGRATED PROJECT IN CHAPTER 10 ON PAGE 363 (PROJECT
SCHEDULING) OF THE TEXTBOOK FOR MORE INFORMATION. BE
SURE TO INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS:
· AN ACTIVITY PRECEDENCE DIAGRAM, · AN ACTIVITY DURATION
TABLE, AND · A NETWORK DIAGRAM AND GANTT CHARTS.
· AN ACTIVITY PRECEDENCE DIAGRAM:
(http://safeassign.blackboard.com/)
PROJECT VI.docx
Word Count: 862 Attachment ID: 244309330
100%
ACTIVITY DURATION TABLE:
ACTIVITY EXPECTED DURATION PREDECESSOR
A 5 DAYS ----
B 10 DAYS A
C 8 DAYS A
D 1 DAY A
E 5 DAYS B, C
F 10 DAYS D, E
G 14 DAYS F
H 3 DAYS G
I 12 DAYS F
J 6 DAYS H, I
A NETWORK DIAGRAM AND GANTT CHARTS:
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
Part 2
1 PLEASE COMPLETE CASE STUDY 10.1: PROJECT SCHEDULING AT
BLANQUE CHECK CONSTRUCTION ON PAGE 360 OF THE TEXTBOOK,
AND ANSWER THE THREE QUESTIONS AT THE END.
Q1(ANS)
PRECEDENCE DIAGRAM:
1 C=DIFFERENT CONSRUCTION TYPES OF SCHEDULING METHODS
TYPE FROM 1 TO 9 P= DIFFERENT CONSRUCTION PROJECTS WHICH
SHOW THE TYPES OF SCHEDULING METHODS TYPE FROM 1 TO 9
O1=ORGANIZATION ONE O2= ORGANIZATION 2
S E C4 C5 O1 P9 P8 O2 P7 P6 P5 P4 P3 P2 C9 C8 C7 C6 C1 C2 C3 P1
Q2(ANS) ACCORDING TO MY RESEARCH LEVEL AND LITERATURE
REVIEW THE EXPERT OPINION AND PAST HISTORY BOTH ARE THE
BEST TO SOLVE PROBLEM FOR CALCULATING THE CRITICAL
PATH ,WHICH MAY ALSO TELL US THE DURATION OR PROJECT
DELAY TO HANDLE OR RUN OUR CONSTRUCTION COMPANY.
Q3(ANS) THESE BOTH HAVE SOME STRENGTHENS AND
WEAKNESSES AND BOTH GIVE THE RESULTS PROBABLY SAME , BUT
ACCORDING TO LITERATURE AOA IS THE BENEFICIAL FOR
MODELING IT WILL BE HELPFUL AND IN THE BUSINESS FIELD IT
WILL BE IMPORTANT AON WILL BE LESS WIDELY USED , IN CASE OF
LARGE AND COMPLEX PROJECTS IT IS EASIER TO EMPLOY THE
PATH PROCESS USED IN THE AOA. ACCORDING TO AOA WE
ACHIEVE THE EVERY MILESTONE AND PARTICULARLY USED THE
DUMMY PROJECTS OR ACTIVITIES THE CONCEPT OF DUMMY
PROJECT IS NOT SIMPLE AND EASY IT REQUIRE MORE TRAINING
AND PRACTICE. AON CONVENTION ,AOA NETWORK USED BOTH
NODES AND ARROW TO LABEL THE PROJECT.
Part 3
1 DEVELOP A NETWORK ACTIVITY CHART, AND IDENTIFY THE
CRITICAL PATH FOR A PROJECT BASED ON THE INFORMATION
PROVIDED IN THE GANTT CHART BELOW. DRAW THE ACTIVITY
NETWORK AS A GANTT CHART. WHAT IS THE EXPECTED DURATION
OF THE PROJECT?
ACTIVITY EXPECTED DURATION PREDECESSOR
A 5 DAYS ----
B 10 DAYS A
C 8 DAYS A
D 1 DAY A
E 5 DAYS B, C
F 10 DAYS D, E
G 14 DAYS F
H 3 DAYS G
I 12 DAYS F
J 6 DAYS H, I.
Safe Work Environment Please respond to the followingRecommen.docxrtodd599
Safe Work Environment"
Please respond to the following:
Recommend a key objective that should be included in an HR policy to help ensure the existence of a work environment that protects employees from situations involving harassment, violence, or breaches of personal information. Provide support for your rationale.
Agree or disagree that legal requirements for employee safety and welfare are essential to keeping employees safe. Support your rationale.
.
Sadder and Less Accurate False Memory for NegativeMaterial .docxrtodd599
Sadder and Less Accurate? False Memory for Negative
Material in Depression
Jutta Joormann
University of Miami
Bethany A. Teachman
University of Virginia
Ian H. Gotlib
Stanford University
Previous research has demonstrated that induced sad mood is associated with increased accuracy of recall
in certain memory tasks; the effects of clinical depression, however, are likely to be quite different. The
authors used the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm to examine the impact of clinical depression on
erroneous recall of neutral and/or emotional stimuli. Specifically, they presented Deese-Roediger-
McDermott lists that were highly associated with negative, neutral, or positive lures and compared
participants diagnosed with major depressive disorder and nondepressed control participants on the
accuracy of their recall of presented material and their false recall of never-presented lures. Compared
with control participants, major depressive disorder participants recalled fewer words that had been
previously presented but were more likely to falsely recall negative lures; there were no differences
between major depressive disorder and control participants in false recall of positive or neutral lures.
These findings indicate that depression is associated with false memories of negative material.
Keywords: depression, memory, cognition, emotion, bias
Mood states and emotions affect memory in various ways.
Mood-induction studies, for example, have demonstrated that neg-
ative affect is associated with increased accuracy in retrieval
(Storbeck & Clore, 2005), whereas positive mood states are asso-
ciated with decreases in processing capacity (Mackie & Worth,
1989) and reduced processing motivation (Wegener & Petty,
1994), resulting in less accurate recall (Ruder & Bless, 2003). At
the same time, research on mood-congruency suggests that affec-
tive states increase the accessibility of mood-congruent material
(Bower, 1981). Understanding this complex interaction of mood
and memory is important, given its critical role in emotion regu-
lation and emotional disorders.
Individual differences in mood-congruent memory and in the
accessibility of mood-incongruent material have been proposed to
predict the ability to regulate negative mood states (Joormann &
Siemer, 2004; Joormann, Siemer, & Gotlib, 2007). Indeed, depres-
sion, by definition a disorder characterized by difficulty regulating
negative mood states, is associated with two distinct but related
memory impairments.
First, difficulties in cognitive control (i.e., focal attention to
relevant stimuli and inhibition of irrelevant material) result in
memory deficits for nonemotional material (Burt, Zembar, &
Niederehe, 1995; Hertel, 2004). In a series of studies, Hertel and
her collaborators (Hertel, 1998; Hertel & Rude, 1991) presented
evidence indicating that depression-related impairments are not
observed in all components of memory but are found primarily in
free-recall tasks and in other unstructu.
Safe Work Environment Please respond to the followingRecomme.docxrtodd599
"Safe Work Environment"
Please respond to the following:
Recommend a key objective that should be included in an HR policy to help ensure the existence of a work environment that protects employees from situations involving harassment, violence, or breaches of personal information. Provide support for your rationale.
Provide an example of a specific policy or process required by your current or previous employee that helps keep employees safe at work.
Documentation"
Please respond to the following:
Suggest the most significant type of documentation that should be maintained in an employee’s HR file to protect the organization from legal action.
Recommend a strategy for handling employee documentation to ensure that privacy obligations are not violated. Provide support for your recommendation.
.
Safe Work Environment Please respond to the followingRecomme.docxrtodd599
"Safe Work Environment" Please respond to the following:
Recommend a key objective that should be included in an HR policy to help ensure the existence of a work environment that protects employees from situations involving harassment, violence, or breaches of personal information. Provide support for your rationale.
Agree or disagree that legal requirements for employee safety and welfare are essential to keeping employees safe. Support your rationale.
.
S216 MAN506 ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR https://online.cdu.edu.au/webapps/rubric/do/course/manageRubrics?di...
1 of 2 29/06/2016 1:54 PM
S216 MAN506 ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR https://online.cdu.edu.au/webapps/rubric/do/course/manageRubrics?di...
2 of 2 29/06/2016 1:54 PM
Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW ON HYBRID CLASSES
LITERATURE REVIEW ON HYBRID CLASSES
Literature review on hybrid classes
Author’s name
Institutions affiliations
Hybrid classes and learning can be described as a combination of both faces to face learning that may at times involve lectures and online learning which is not always a must. Lectures may at times be considered, but that is not always the case for it to be a hybrid form of learning. The kind of hybrid learning and classes can be classified into two different categories. Those include the replacement, supplemental learning, the emporium and the buffet kind of classification. The types are divided depending on face to face classes interacts with the online constituents of the course in question. For the case of replacement, mostly the one on one kind of learning with the tutors and the lectures are completely replaced or rather substituted fully or partly by the online classes. This then reduces the time spent on attending the classes. In such a case, students are usually required to concentrate more on watching videos on YouTube and tackling assignments assigned to them. Hybrid learning is a platform that will help on saving the time spent by the students when they run from one class to another so as to have an encounter with the lecturers. It is, therefore, more revolutionized compared to the normal traditional forms of learning. The subsequent paragraphs in this essay will outline a literature review from various sources for the research on how the hybrid learning is more important compared to the traditional learning methods and to know why most of the universities use this type .
Literature review
Several studies and research has been conducted on the reasons as to why the hybrid form of learning and the hybrid classes are more important or more uses so they are taking over the traditional forms of learning which include face to face learning and attending the lectures. Several controversies have arisen from different authors on outlining some of the reasons as to why hybrid learning should be promoted. Renowned scholars have published articles and journals as well as books on the same. Most people and students have been left in a dilemma on whatever means to use so as to acquire the knowledge they require. The many advantages that have come with the hybrid kind of learning have made many universities and learning institutions across the globe to adopt the new mode of learning that is hybrid classes and sort to drop or rather do away with the online classes or the face to face classes. So many factors have been found to contribute to that decision by the management team of most .
SAAD COLLEGE OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCESUNIVERSI.docxrtodd599
SAAD COLLEGE OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES
UNIVERSIY OF ULESTER
Student name: Fatimah Aldawood
ID number: SNC:136193
Cohort: (Year 4 semester 2)
Course Title: BSc (Hons) in Nursing Studies
Module Title: Developing research proposal
Module Code: NUR 585 CRN: 59060
Words Count:
Date:
Lecturer responsible for unit:
List of content:
The content
Pages
Table of content
2
Acknowledgment
3
Abstract
4
Literature review
5-
Significant of the study
Aim, Objectives and Research question
Methodology
Setting
Population
Sampling
Tools for data collection
Robustness of the study
Ethical consideration
Pilot study
Data analysis
Process of data collection
Outcomes
Time scale
Budget
Appendix A: information leaflet
Appendix B: consent forms
Appendix C questionnaire part1
Appendix C: interview questionnaire part2
Reference
Acknowledgement:
First of all, I would like to thank my mother and my sister to their emotional support, they encourage drove me into this level. Then I have to say thanks to my teachers for their good learning to me. Finally, I hope that my research study stimulates nurses to give more and understand the importance of great nursing profession.
The Effective of Nursing Education and Attitude to Improve Knowledge in Palliative Care of Hospital- internationally.
Abstract:
This research going to describe the effect of nursing education and attitude to improve knowledge in palliative care of hospital- internationally. The palliative is medical specialty caring for people with chronic and serous disease. This type of care concentrate on rest of patient from the symptoms and stress diseases. The aims is to improve clarity of life for both the patient and their family. However nursing education and attitude have real affect on patient health, by improve nursing education patient care can improved. Even if the nurse dos not have enough education she can progress himself by continuous learning. "The 2011 Public Opinion Strategies found that most Americans believe that palliative care should be made available to all hospitals "(Center to Advance Palliative Care [CAPC], 2011).
Background: Long work in medical area can affect in the Knowledge and attitude for the nurse it could in bad or good way, So the nurse have to improve himself to achieve the standard of care for patient in Palliative Care. Because of around the world the numbers of patients who`s need palliative care is increased, and the nurse come from the first line of patient care.
Method: A quantitative study will used to explore the determine the knowledge and attitude of Saudi nurse who is provide care for palliative patient.
Data collection:
Data collection is "the process of gathering and measuring information on variables of interest, in an established systematic fashion that enables one to answer stated research questions, test hypotheses, and evaluate outcomes". The data collection compo.
S18 SOCI 111: Social Networks
Homework 4
DUE: 6/6/19
81 points total
Instructions: As before, these problems give you an opportunity to use the concepts and
techniques we’ve learned in class to analyze interesting social systems. This time I’ve
leaned more toward interesting conceptual puzzles rather than brute calculations. I
encourage you to work in groups (of no more than 5), but each student should prepare
her or his own solutions, along with a note at the top of your assignment crediting
other members of the working group. Please make sure you truly understand the
solution to a problem, and please: DO NOT COPY SOLUTIONS. This includes copying
solutions from earlier years. We will figure it out. Do not go to the testbank at SAC, do
not go to Course Hero, and do not get solutions from friends who have taken the course
in the past. This will impede your learning, it will not prepare you for the final exam, and
I will treat it as academic misconduct.
In general, you should show your work rather than just writing down a number. This
makes it easier for us to see that you know what you are doing, and easier for you to
see when you’ve made a trivial mistake. On the other hand, don’t just throw everything
vaguely relevant at the wall and hope that something sticks. You need to be judicious!
Please turn in a hard copy of your solutions to the TA at the beginning of class. Your
submission should be neat and legible: you can type it up or write it out by hand, but we
aren’t going to engage in decipherment here. Please follow the breakdown of questions
into parts (a, b, c, etc.) to make these easier for your TA to grade.
Q1. Why is it sometimes rational to imitate the behavior of others? Briefly describe
two reasons, and give an example of each. (6 points)
Q2. You are in charge of marketing a new smartphone app, SeeFood, that allows
users to share pictures of food with each other. Uptake of the app will obey the
following dynamical rule:
If the company spends $50,000 on marketing, it can get a fraction z’ of the population to
Adopt the app at time 0. This fraction z’ is between B and C—just above B, in fact. If the
company spends $300,000 on marketing, it can get a fraction z’’ of the population to
Adopt at time 0 (mostly by giving the App away). This fraction z’’ is close to D. You think
that the company should spend the $300,000, as it will get you close to total adoption.
Your intern argues that you should spend $50,000 on marketing instead. If adoption
settles at fraction A, your company will make $0 in revenue; at fraction B, your company
will make $100,000 in revenue; at fraction C, your company will make $200,000 in
revenue; and at fraction D, your company will make $500,000 in revenue.
a) Explain why you are wrong, by showing that you will actually lose money
if you spend the $300,000 to get a fraction z’’ of the population to Adopt.
Remember, in.
SAAD COLLEGE OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SC.docxrtodd599
SAAD COLLEGE OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH SCINCE - UNIVERSITY OF ULESTER
ACDAMIC YEAR 2018-19
Semester one
Assignment Title: Nutrition Knowledge among Young Pregnant Women in Middle East.
Student name: Alreem Ali Alaliwat
ID number: SNC 146046 \ UU ID: B00697863
Cohort: 16 (Year 4 semester 2)
Course Title: B.Sc (Hons) in Nursing Studies
Module Title: Developing a research proposal
Module Code: NUS 585 CRN: 59064
Words Count: 6000
Date: 29/11/2018
Lecturer responsible for unit: Dr. Safia Belal
Table of Contents
Acknowledgement2
Abstract3
Chapter 15
Introduction5
1.Young Pregnant Women6
2.Nutrition Knowledge7
3.Education Need for Pregnant Words7
Significant Of the Study8
Aim of the Study9
Research Question9
Objective10
Research Question10
Chapter 211
Design11
Setting12
Sampling and Population13
Inclusion Criteria13
Exclusion Criteria13
Data Collection13
Ethical Considering14
Pilot Study15
Data Analysis16
Procedure of the Main Study17
Chapter 318
Time Scale18
Budget19
Expected Outcome20
References21
Appendix I Consent Form27
Appendix II Participant Leaflet27
Appendix III Questionnaire28
About Nutrition29
Acknowledgement:
First of all, I am thankful of Allah for helping me to complete this research .
Through this paper, I'm a proud of working with all the participant and I appreciate your efforts that were help and support me especially my lovely husband and my sister Dr.Ghada
Also I would like to give special thanks to Dr.Safiah Bilal , special thanx for here for the kindness, guidance, encouragement, and suggestions du ring writing this study.
Alreem.
Nutrition Knowledge among Young Pregnant Women In Saudi ArabiaAbstract:
Background: Nutrition plays a key role during pregnancy in the sense that the nourishment that a pregnant woman gets determines the nutrients that the developing fetus gets. Nutrition knowledge in this case refers to information and skills that an individual normally has pertaining food intake. In respect to the research topic, this refers to information and skills needed by pregnant women.
Aim: The aim of the study identify nutrition knowledge among young pregnant women.
Sample: the sample population of these study is the young pregnant women they take probability sample fore 100 participants.
Methodology: the researcher uses quantitative design for statics and data analysis, as well random sample, it will be at Almanaa Hospital.
Key words : Nutrition , knowledge , pregnancy
Nutrition Knowledge among Young Pregnant Women In Saudi ArabiaChapter 1Introduction
The purpose of the study is to investigate and establish whether pregnant young Saudi women have the needed nutritional knowledge. Nutrition plays a key role during pregnancy in the sense that the nourishment that a pregnant woman gets determines the nutrients that the deve.
Sadly today police are not often viewed in the best light. Not a.docxrtodd599
Sadly today police are not often viewed in the best light. Not all officers are bad or are guilty of misconduct. However many people think a few bad ones spoil them all and while it is not true perception is everything. When officers are apart of misconduct, bad behaviors and other negative incidents this ruins community trust and support. Early intervention systems have surfaced as a useful tool in managing the risk of misconduct by police. As stated earlier its only a small amount of officers that are responsible for citizen complaints. These complaints are comprised of use of physical force and other infractions. (2020) When indicators are monitored or risk related outputs by officers so to speak.
Administrators can then recognize or identify actions of officers that are symptomatic or are problomatic indicators of possible police misconduct. Research shows that typically misconduct is skewed across a small group of officers at any given time. Officers who participate in misconduct aften have similar histories concerning age and pre-employment. It is found these things build over time they do not just happen out of the blue. This makes it very important to identify problems lying in wait. Such things as officer bias, not understanding policies, supervisors with poor supervisory skills any problems that could trigger or add to future events unfolding. It is prdent to look for any traits, actions or performance issues that raise speculation. These are the factors that snowball over time and lead to ubfortunate events. (2020
respond to this discussion question in 150 words
.
SA #1 What is Ekman Divergence Wherewhat are three location.docxrtodd599
SA #1: What is Ekman Divergence? Where/what are three locations/conditions
where this phenomenon occurs in the ocean? What physical oceanographic
phenomenon is a consequence of divergence? What sort of biological response
is also frequently associated with divergence?
SA #3: Consider sunlight striking planet Earth and the energy that subsequently
radiates back to space. Describe what kind of light enters and leaves the Earth.
Are these two energy fluxes in balance at all locations on Earth? Are they in
balance on average? What role does the ocean play in the movement of energy
at Earth’s surface?
1.
Global Leadership 2019-2020
Under Guidance from Dr. Sriram Rajagopalan
LDR 6145
Northeastern University
Table of Contents
Global Leadership Success Through Emotional and Cultural Intelligences.....................................5
The Global Leadership of Carlos Ghosn at Nissan.........................................................................17
Gojo Industries: Aiming for Global Sustainability Leadership.........................................................29
Leadership in a Globalizing World..................................................................................................41
Regional Strategies for Global Leadership.....................................................................................85
Rising Costs of Bad Leadership.....................................................................................................99
Learning to Manage Global Innovation Projects...........................................................................103
Global Leadership 2019-2020 LDR 6145
Under Guidance from Dr. Sriram Rajagopalan Northeastern University
2.
Global leadership success through emotional and
cultural intelligences
Ilan Alon, James M. Higgins*
Roy E. Crummer Graduate School of Business, Rollins College, 1000 Holt Ave-2722, Winter Park, FL 32789,
USA
Abstract Culturally attuned and emotionally sensitive global leaders need to be
developed: leaders who can respond to the particular foreign environments of
different countries and different interpersonal work situations. Two emerging
constructs are especially relevant to the development of successful global leaders:
cultural and emotional intelligences. When considered under the traditional view of
intelligence as measured by IQ, cultural, and emotional intelligences provide a
framework for better understanding cross-cultural leadership and help clarify
possible adaptations that need to be implemented in leadership development
programs of multinational firms. This article posits that emotional intelligence (EQ),
analytical intelligence (IQ), and leadership behaviors are moderated by cultural
intelligence (CQ) in the formation of global leadership success.
D 2005 Kelley School of Business, Indiana University. All rights reserved.
bBut when a prince acquires the sovereignty of a
country differing from his own .
S&J Plumbing, Inc.s 2010 income statement shows a net profit before.docxrtodd599
S&J Plumbing, Inc.'s 2010 income statement shows a net profit before tax of $468, whereas the balance sheet that the company's equity for the fiscal year-end 2010 is $1,746.
Calculate the company's return on equity and explain whether the managers are providing a good return on the capital provided by the company’s shareholders.
Diagram and explain the operating cycle of a service company.
.
S2021Instructions In describing your pro and con arguments, be sure.docxrtodd599
S2021Instructions: In describing your pro and con arguments, be sure your information is correct and can be backed up. Ex: Many students list statistics that they believe about these issues, but often, the statistics they quote are not based in fact. Check your facts with reliable sources before using them in an argument. (Checking multiple sources is best.) That is one of the most important components of critical thinking, analysis, and argumentation.PolicyDes
.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
Sajan Thapa1) Allegory suggests that enlightenment or educatio.docx
1. Sajan Thapa
1) Allegory suggests that enlightenment or education work the
same way whereby they expand the growth of ideas. Educational
institutions limit the knowledge given to students despite tutor
sharing the educational knowledge to their respective students.
Nevertheless, the allegory also suggests people should become
opportunistic by taking advantage of any favorable opportunity.
Enlightenment or education is sharing of knowledge because
individuals learn from you and vice versa. Finally, knowing the
reality is very important in our life. Therefore, knowledge
acquired from enlightenment or education is powerful and by
stripping it from individuals cute their view of the
reality.Furthermore, allegory deems education to be a
masterpiece of brain expansion where the generation of ideas
and skill sets. In this case representation of knowledge has been
symbolized by “Light” to mean that an enlightened individual
who is educated is enlightened. In this summary, we can say
that human in their superiority of knowledge, idea, and
information they are free to be free thinkers without getting
stuck in anything. This builds the strength and analogy of
“enlightenment.”
= REPLY
Sajan thapa
2) Being a philosopher, Socrates believed that philosophy was
the most important above everything else. His examining and
thinking about life spilled out into the lives of others, and he
believed that they would all die someday. Believing that
philosophy is the love of wisdom, Socrates stated that a life
without a philosophy that is ‘unexamined’ life is not worthy of
living. Examining one’s life is valuable because it enables you
to know the goodness, virtues, justice, truth, and beauty of an
individual to name but a few. Nevertheless, examining one’s
life enables one to discuss goodness and failing to examine
2. one’s life is the best thing someone can do according to
Socrates because without this kind of examination life is not
worth living.
=Reply
Nikita Tamang
3) I personally do not think that being self-interested is a bad
thing. In fact, being self-interested is a good thing. Most of the
time, self- interested people are termed to be selfish. But this
does not apply every time. Self-interest leads one to be more
creative and develops the eagerness and thirst to learn more
about oneself and others. Self- interest generates knowledge and
ideas. As well, it is the key to a successful life. If a person can
stay happy and satisfied with themselves, then they do not seek
others in life. Self-interested people always tend to be happy as
they think for their good first and prioritize their own
happiness. So, being self-interested is never a bad thing.
Reply
Nikita tamang
4) Both Christ’s Golden rule and Hobbes Golden rule have
similarities. But the major difference between these two rules is
the difference in the thoughts and context of their principles.
Here, while Christ’s Golden rule says that a person needs to do
good for others as of the moral values, but the Hobbes’ Golden
rule says that a person should not do to others what they cannot
do to themselves. In my opinion, Christ’s rule is more effective
in getting people to obey the laws because the rule is based on
moral values which teaches one to be giving and being good-
hearted. While Hobbes’ Golden rule is somewhat opposite to it.
Reply
Sabina maharjan
5) According to Dalrymple, there is a fundamental difference
between 'depression' and 'unhappiness'. The difference is in the
different choices people make. Unhappiness results from the
poor life whereas depression is the medical psychological
disorder which can be treated with healthy eating and sleeping
3. habit, exercise and medicines. I believe in his argument because
I think being unhappy is not similar with being
depressed.People mistakenly referred themselves as being
depressed for being unhappy. One can easily get confused in
unhappiness and depression. I believe that the choices comes
from different ideas and these choices influenced the people for
unhappiness and depression.
Reply
Sabina maharjan
6) As I am a true believer in god, I do agree that if : God does
not exist, everything is permitted". Almost all
communities around the world believes in god in either form.
They have a trust as well as fear of god. They are bounded by
moral guidelines because of their belief to god and that belief is
among the one which helps to build good relationships among
different people, develop kind and helpful behavior among them
as well as it helps to reduce the number of wars and crimes in
the society. If god does not exist, then I believe there will not
be rules and regulations in the society and people will not be
obliged or motivated to obey them. Then in that condition, we
can imagine our society as a whole mess to live in.
Reply
Comments?
Like PDK at www.
facebook.com/pdkintl
S
ince the advent of public schools, education commentators and
reformers have perennially called
attention to the challenges encountered by newcomers to school
teaching. Although elementary
4. and secondary teaching involves intensive interaction with
youngsters, the work of teachers is
done largely in isolation from colleagues. This isolation can be
especially diffi cult for newcomers,
who, upon accepting a position in a school, are frequently left
to succeed or fail on their own within the confi nes of their
classrooms
— often likened to a “lost at sea” or “sink or swim” experience.
Other
commentators go further, arguing that beginners tend to end up
in the
most challenging and diffi cult classroom and school
assignments, akin
to a “trial by fi re.” Indeed, some have assailed teaching as an
occupa-
tion that “cannibalizes its young.” These are the very kinds of
issues
and problems that effective employee entry, orientation, and
support
programs — widely known as induction — seek to address.
Teaching,
however, has traditionally not had the kind of induction
programs for
new entrants common to many skilled blue- and white-collar
occupa-
tions and characteristic of many traditional professions.
This has changed in recent decades; induction for beginning
teachers
has become a major topic in education policy and reform. The
theory
behind such programs holds that teaching is complex work, that
pre-
employment teacher preparation is rarely suffi cient to provide
all the
5. knowledge and skill necessary to successful teaching, and that a
signifi -
cant portion of this knowledge can be acquired only on the job.
This
view holds that schools must provide an environment where
novices
can learn how to teach, survive, and succeed as teachers. These
programs aim to improve the performance
and retention of new hires and to enhance the skills and prevent
the loss of new teachers with the ultimate
goal of improving student growth and learning.
While teacher induction has received much attention in the
policy realm, until recently, empirical research
on these reforms has been limited. It has been unclear how
widespread induction programs are across the
nation, what activities, supports, and components the induction
experience usually includes, and, most im-
portantly, whether receiving such support has any positive
effect on teachers and students. All of this poses
Beginning
teacher induction
WHAT THE DATA TELL US
Induction is an education reform whose time has come.
By Richard M. Ingersoll
RICHARD M. INGERSOLL ([email protected]) is a professor of
education and sociology at the University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pa.
V93 N8 kappanmagazine.org 47
Thinkstock/Stockbyte/iStockphoto
6. 48 Kappan May 2012
tional wisdom has been that the aging of the baby-
boomer generation has led to massive teacher retire-
ments, in turn, precipitating a teacher shortage crisis.
Our data analyses show that the teaching force has
indeed gotten steadily older in recent decades, and
this has led to more teacher retirements. But, the
data also suggest that the peak of retirements may
have passed; we found that the numbers of teach-
ers retiring slowed between 2005 and 2009. In con-
trast, we’ve identified three larger, but lesser-known,
changes in the demographic character of the teach-
ing force, all of which have strong implications for
induction (Ingersoll & Merrill, 2010.)
The first trend is what we call the “ballooning” of
the teaching force. After two decades of flat growth,
since the mid-1980s, the teaching force in the U.S.
has dramatically increased in size. The U.S. Census
Bureau indicates that K-12 teaching has long been
one of the largest, if not the largest, occupational
groups in the nation, and it is growing even larger. In
the mid-1980s, student enrollments began to grow,
and they have done so ever since; the teaching force
has grown at the same time. The rates of these stu-
dent and teacher increases have not matched those
of the post-war, baby-boom years, with one large
difference: The rate of increase for teachers has far
outpaced the rate of increase for students. That is,
the number of teachers is going up far faster than
difficulties for those engaged in the very important
and very practical matter of deciding which, if any,
program or activity to offer in schools.
7. To answer these questions, I began a series of re-
search projects several years ago with my colleagues
Tom Smith and Michael Strong and a doctoral stu-
dent, Lisa Merrill. In order to investigate the larger
context surrounding teacher induction, we used the
best national data available to explore demographic
changes in the teaching force as a whole in recent
decades. We analyzed how widespread beginning
teacher induction programs are across the nation,
whether their prevalence has increased over the past
decade, and what types and amounts of induction
beginning teachers actually get. In addition, we con-
ducted our own statistical analysis of how participat-
ing in these induction programs affects the retention
of beginning teachers. Finally, we reviewed the exist-
ing empirical studies that have evaluated the effects
of induction on teachers and students.
What we learned is very revealing. Induction is a
timely and growing reform, but, for those respon-
sible for funding, designing, and implementing in-
duction, there is both good news and sobering news.
Changes in the teaching force
For several decades, we’ve heard much about a
“graying” trend in the teaching force. The conven-
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
44 45
Years of teaching experience
9. c
h
e
rs
FIG. 1.
Years of teaching experience of public school teachers, 1987-88
and 2007-08
V93 N8 kappanmagazine.org 49
professors, pharmacists and nurses, and these depar-
tures are not cost free (Ingersoll & Perda, in press).
For instance, one negative consequence of the
high turnover in teaching is its link to the teacher
shortages that seem to annually plague many schools.
In analyses of national data, we’ve found that neither
the much-heralded mathematics and science teacher
shortage (Ingersoll & Perda, 2010) nor the minority
teacher shortage (Ingersoll & May, 2011) is primarily
due to insufficient production of new teachers, as is
widely believed. In contrast, the data indicate that
these school staffing problems are to a significant
extent the result of a “revolving door,” where large
numbers of teachers depart teaching long before re-
tirement. Moreover, the data show that beginning
teachers, in particular, report that one of the main
factors behind their decision to depart is a lack of
adequate support from school administrators (In-
gersoll, 2003).
10. Induction programs proliferate
These demographic changes in the teaching force
have large implications for induction. Our analyses
show there has been a simultaneous increase in be-
ginners and decrease in veterans. Beginners are now
the largest group within one of the largest occupa-
tions in the nation, and these beginners have steadily
become more prone to quickly leave teaching. All of
this suggests a strong increase in the need for sup-
port programs.
Not surprisingly, our data indicate that over the
past couple of decades, the number of induction pro-
grams also has grown considerably. The percentage
of beginning teachers who report that they partici-
pated in some kind of induction program in their
first year of teaching has steadily increased in recent
the number of students. For example, from the late
1980s to 2008, total K-12 student enrollment went
up by 19%. During the same period, the teaching
force increased at over 2.5 times that rate, by 48%.
This trend immediately raises two large questions:
First, why? What are the reasons for and sources of
the trend? What is driving this upsurge in teacher
employment? And, second, what are the implications
and consequences of the trend? In particular, how are
school districts paying for this? We have begun to
explore these questions elsewhere (Ingersoll & Mer-
rill, 2010). Here, we will focus on the implications
of this ballooning for induction.
11. The ballooning has meant an upsurge in hiring
and has resulted in another equally dramatic trend
that we have called a “greening” of the teaching
force. In 1988, there were about 65,000 first-year
teachers; by 2008, this number had grown to over
200,000 (see Figure 1). In 1988, the most common
teacher was a veteran with 15 years of teaching expe-
rience. By 2008, the most common teacher was not a
gray-haired veteran; he or she was a beginner in the
first year of teaching. By that year, a quarter of the
teaching force had five years or less of experience.
A third and final trend we discovered reveals a
sobering side to this greening. Teacher attrition —
teachers leaving teaching — is especially high in the
first years on the job. Several studies, including our
own analyses (Ingersoll, 2003; Ingersoll & Perda, in
press), have estimated that between 40% and 50% of
new teachers leave within the first five years of entry
into teaching. Moreover, we have found that the at-
trition rates of first-year teachers have increased by
about one-third in the past two decades. So, not only
are there far more beginners in the teaching force,
but these beginners are less likely to stay in teaching.
In short, both the number and instability of begin-
ning teachers have been increasing in recent years.
All organizations and occupations, of course, ex-
perience some loss of new entrants — either vol-
untarily because newcomers decide to not remain
or involuntarily because employers deem them un-
suitable. Moreover, some degree of employee turn-
over, job, and career change is normal, inevitable,
and beneficial. However, teaching has relatively high
turnover compared to many other occupations and
professions, such as lawyers, engineers, architects,
12. From the late 1980s to 2008, total K-12
student enrollment went up by 19% but
the teaching force increased at over 2.5
times that rate, by 48%.
| | | | |
1990-91 1993-94 1999-00 2003-04 2007-08
100 –
80 –
60 –
40 –
20 –
0 –
P
e
rc
e
n
ta
g
e
o
f
13. te
a
c
h
e
rs
51% 52%
79%
82%
91%
FIG. 2.
Trends in the percent of beginning teachers
participating in induction or mentor programs
50 Kappan May 2012
The more
comprehensive
the induction
program, the
better the
retention.
14. question involves retention — does participation in
induction slow the high attrition of beginners? To
answer this question, we undertook a series of ad-
vanced statistical analyses to examine the effect of
induction on the likelihood that beginning teachers
stayed in or left their schools at the end of their first
year on the job (Smith & Ingersoll, 2004; Ingersoll
& Smith, 2004).
After controlling for the background character-
istics of teachers and schools, we did find a link be-
tween beginning teachers’ participation in induction
programs and their retention. But we also found that
the strength of the effect depended on the types
and number of supports that beginning teachers re-
ceived. Participation in some types of activities in
the first year was more effective at reducing turnover
than participation in other types. The factors with
the strongest effect were having a mentor teacher
from one’s subject area and having common plan-
ning or collaboration time with other teachers in
one’s subject area.
The data also revealed that the various types of in-
duction supports, activities, or practices rarely existed
alone; schools or districts usually provide beginning
teachers with different “packages” or “bundles” of
components or supports. Collectively, getting multiple
induction components had a strong effect on whether
beginning teachers stayed or left. Moreover, as the
number of components in the packages increased, both
the number of teachers receiving the package and the
likelihood of their turnover decreased.
For example, the most common package con-
15. sisted of just two basic components: working with
a mentor and having regular supportive communi-
cation with one’s principal, another administrator,
or one’s department chair. Beginners receiving just
these two supports had better retention than those
who received no induction at all, but the difference
was small. In contrast, other beginners received a far
more comprehensive package: the above two sup-
ports plus others, such as participation in a seminar
for beginning teachers, common planning time with
other teachers in the same subject, a reduced course
load, and assistance from a classroom aide. Getting
this comprehensive package had a very large effect;
the likelihood that beginners who received this pack-
age would leave at the end of their first year was less
than half that of those who participated in no induc-
tion activities. But only 5% of beginners received
such a comprehensive package in 2007-08. Our con-
clusion was that induction helps, but it depends on
how much one gets. The more comprehensive the
induction program, the better the retention.
Our study looked at just one outcome — reten-
tion — which raises several questions. Have there
been other empirical studies done on the effects of
decades — from about 50% in 1990 to 91% by 2008
(see Figure 2). Moreover, these percentages don’t tell
the whole story. The large increase in the number of
first-year teachers — the greening discussed above
— has meant that, numerically, far more beginners
are receiving support. In 1991, about 61,000 first-
year teachers participated in an induction or men-
toring program; by 2008, this had almost trebled,
to about 179,000. As of the 2010-11 school year, 27
states required some kind of induction program for
16. new teachers (Goldrick et al., 2012).
However, while most beginning teachers now par-
ticipate in some kind of formal induction program, the
kinds of support that schools provide to them vary (see
Figure 3). The most recent data available — from the
2007-08 school year — show that the most common
induction activity that beginners participated in was
having regular supportive communication with their
principal, other administrators, or their department
chair (87%). Slightly fewer beginning teachers, about
80%, said they received ongoing guidance and feed-
back from a mentor teacher. Just over half of begin-
ning teachers said they had common collaboration
and planning time with other teachers in the same
subject area. Interestingly, almost one-third received
extra classroom assistance, such as a teacher aide. On
the other hand, fewer than 20% of beginning teach-
ers reported receiving a reduced teaching load or
schedule to ease their transition — a support that is
probably more common for beginning professors in
higher education.
Does induction matter?
Of course, the key question is this: Does par-
ticipating in induction matter? One subset of this
FIG. 3.
Percent of 1st-year teachers who received
various induction supports (2007-08)
Facetime with administrator
Mentor
17. Beginners’ seminars
Collaboration with colleagues
Teacher aide
Reduced course load
87%
81%
71%
58%
31%
17%
V93 N8 kappanmagazine.org 51
induction can help retain teachers and improve their
instruction. The data also show that the kinds and
amounts of support vary. And some research suggests
that content, intensity, and duration are important:
The effect depends on how much induction one gets
and for how long.
Over the past couple of decades the number of be-
ginning teachers has ballooned and so has the num-
ber of beginners eligible for induction in any given
school. This is important because induction is not
18. free — especially the more comprehensive programs.
Thus far, we don’t have much data and research on
the relative costs and benefits of induction. Along
with content and duration, induction programs also
vary in their financial costs, and beyond the question
of which kinds and amounts of assistance are most ef-
fective lies the question of which kinds and amounts
of assistance are most cost-effective. Especially in
periods of budget shortfalls, the “bang for buck” of
such programs is, of course, crucial information for
policy makers faced with deciding which programs
to fund. This is an area in which the research com-
munity could provide useful guidance to the policy
community. K
References
Goldrick, L., Osta, D., Barlin, D., & Burn, J. (2012). Review
of state policies on teacher induction. Santa Cruz, CA: New
Teacher Center. www.newteachercenter.org
Ingersoll, R. (2003). Is there really a teacher shortage?
Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania, Consortium for
Policy Research in Education.
Ingersoll, R. & May, H. (2011). Recruitment, retention, and
the minority teacher shortage. Philadelphia, PA: University of
Pennsylvania, Consortium for Policy Research in Education.
Ingersoll, R. & Merrill, L. (2010). Who’s teaching our children?
19. Educational Leadership, 67 (8), 14-20.
Ingersoll, R. & Perda, D. (2010). Is the supply of mathematics
and science teachers sufficient? American Educational
Research Journal, 47 (3), 563-595.
Ingersoll, R. & Perda, D. (in press). How high is teacher
turnover and is it a problem? Philadelphia, PA: University of
Pennsylvania, Consortium for Policy Research in Education.
Ingersoll, R. & Smith, T. (2004). Do teacher induction and
mentoring matter? NASSP Bulletin, 88 (638), 28-40.
Ingersoll, R. & Strong, M. (2011). The impact of induction
and mentoring for beginning teachers: A critical review of the
research. Review of Educational Research, 81 (2), 201-233.
Smith, T. & Ingersoll, R. (2004). What are the effects of
induction and mentoring on beginning teacher turnover?
American Educational Research Journal, 41 (3), 681-714.
induction? Have any studies looked at the effect on
other outcomes, such as whether participating in
induction improves beginning teachers’ classroom
instructional practices and, in turn, improves student
learning and achievement?
20. To answer these questions, we recently under-
took a thorough review of existing empirical studies
that evaluated the effects of induction (Ingersoll &
Strong, 2011). The objective of our review was to
give researchers, policy makers, and educators a reli-
able and current assessment of what’s known, and not
known, about the effectiveness of teacher induction
and mentoring programs. After an extensive search,
we found 15 empirical studies that were solid enough
to merit inclusion in our review. Each evaluated the
effects of induction on an outcome, by comparing
data from both participants and nonparticipants in
particular induction components, activities, or pro-
grams.
When we began our review, we weren’t sure what
to expect. In educational research, as in many other
fields, the existing base of research evaluating partic-
ular programs or reforms often yields contradictory
findings and mixed conclusions. Whether the target
of evaluation is a new curricular product, the value
of teachers’ credentials, the performance of char-
ter schools, or whatever, typically some studies find
negative effects, some find no effects, and some find
positive effects. In the research on the effects of in-
duction, we also found a few mixed and contradictory
findings. But, interestingly, overall we found mostly
consensus: Induction has a positive effect. Most of
the studies that looked at the effect on teachers’ job
satisfaction, commitment, and retention found posi-
tive effects on beginning teachers who participated in
some kind of induction. Likewise, most of the stud-
ies that we reviewed of teachers’ classroom practices
showed that beginning teachers who participated in
some kind of induction performed better at various
21. aspects of teaching, such as keeping students on task,
developing workable lesson plans, using effective
student questioning practices, adjusting classroom
activities to meet students’ interests, maintaining a
positive classroom atmosphere, and demonstrating
successful classroom management. Finally, for stu-
dent achievement, most of the studies also showed
that students of beginning teachers who participated
in some kind of induction had higher scores, or gains,
on academic achievement tests.
Conclusion
Induction is an education reform whose time has
come. Over the past two decades, there has been a
large increase in the number of states, districts, and
schools offering support, guidance, and orientation
programs. Importantly, the data also indicate that