The document discusses the use of computers and technology in medicine. It covers topics like telemedicine, different medical imaging technologies like MRI, CT scans, mammography and ultrasound. It also discusses the importance of telemedicine in increasing access to healthcare and reducing costs, as well as some issues regarding telemedicine like the need for appropriate infrastructure and privacy concerns.

1. By: Sabin maharjan
Roll no.: 11
Bsc.CSIT
Contact-9779808848635
nepal
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 1

2. Outline
 Introduction
 History
 Types of machines used
 Uses of telemedicine
 Importance of telemedicine
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 2

3. What does it mean
computers
in medicine ?
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 3

4.  The computer is the most important part of
technology only because it lead to almost ever
other technology out there.
 Computer is a automatic progammable electroni
device which takes data and information as input
, process them and gives output to the end user
moreover it can store huge amount of data and
can do several function.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 4

5. Technology
 Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge
of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems or
methods of organization in order to solve a problem or
perform a specific function
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 5

6. Computer technology in medicine
 Basic defination meaning
Technology of Computer Used in Medicine.
Small thing too matters a lot……….
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 6

7. Introduction
What is telemedicine?
Definition:
“The use of computers, the internet and other
communication technologies to provide medical care to
patients at a distance.”
Forms: voice, data, still images and motion video.
Includes: diagnoses, patient monitoring, and treatments.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 7

8. Uses of telemedicine
 Telemedicine brings high quality medical care to
people in remote places regardless of distance.
 Decreases patient wait time.
 Decreases patient travel time.
 Cost effective.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 8

9. History
 Computers were invented in 1946 by J.P. Eckert
and JW Mauchly. The first computers were
installed in hospitals in the late 1950’s and early
1960’s. Some of the hospitals had some form of
assistance from the International Business
Machines (IBM) Corporation.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 9

10. Types of technology used
 X-rays
 Mammography
 Ultrasound
 Digital imaging
a. MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
b. Bloodless surgery
c. CT scan
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 10

11. M.R.I
 MRI is one of the most significant advances in medical
imaging. It allows physicians to see inside the human
body with remarkable detail. MRI does not use X-rays
to create images. Instead, it combines magnetic fields
with radio waves and uses specially designed
computers to produce images of internal body
structures.
 While X-rays may be best for showing bones,
doctors use MRI to examine "soft" tissue such as
muscle, nerves, cartilage, ligaments, tendons,
vertebral discs and various internal organs.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 11

12. CT SCAN
 CT examinations compliment other imaging exams such as
x-ray films by offering physicians an additional tool in
which to view anatomy. In some cases, CT provides
diagnostic information that cannot be achieved with any
other method.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 12

13. MAMMOGRAPHY
 Mammography is perhaps the single most important
innovation in breast cancer control. The importance of
mammography is directly related to its value in the
early detection and management of breast cancer.
 Mammography detects approximately 2-3 times as
many early breast cancers as physical exams.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 13

14. MRI CT scan
medical sonography
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 14

15. Importance of telemedicine
 Teleradiology: Oldest form of telemedicine.
Sending digital x-rays over telecommunication
lines.
 Interactive Video Conferencing: Conferencing
that allows medical specialists and patients to
consult using telephones and video screens.
 Telepathology: Transmission of microscopic
images over telecommunication lines allowing the
pathologist to view images on a monitor. Requires
camera, monitor and a microscope.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 15

16. Importance of telemedicine
 Telepsychiatry: Uses teleconferencing to deliver
psychotherapy. Used in special circumstances but does
not replace face to face counseling. Not suitable for
some types of mental illness such as schizophrenia.
 Remote Monitoring Devices: Devices used to
monitor patients at home.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 16

17. Importance of telemedicine
 Arrhythmia monitoring: EKG telemetry that
monitors a patient’s cardiac status and sends it to a
remote location. May be used in ambulance by EMT
and sent to emergency room.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 17

18. Effectiveness of Telemedicine
 Distance and transmission rates create questions.
 Advantage to use in prisons
 Research studies generally favorable-cost-saving and
effective
 Examples of federal government use of
telemedicine.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 18

19. Effectiveness of telemedicine
 Health care to the elderly ( homebound)
 Connect rural physicians with urban specialists.
 Allow families of high-risk newborns to watch
babies’ hospital care from home.
 Data transmitted from the ambulance to ER.
 Patients with chronic illnesses will receive
medication reminders at home.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 19

20. Issues in Telemedicine
 Appropriate telecommunications infrastructure must
be in place.
 Not available in some rural and urban areas.
 Minimal insurance coverage for telemedicine
 Privacy issues- electronic records are more accessible
and subject to abuse
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 20

21. Main points waiting us………
it’s time to just visualise the picture!!!!
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 21

22. Networking the organization Clinical databases
Enterprise network Personnel Electronic medical
systems records
Patient Pharmacy
workstation Billing and
financial systems
Clerical Cost
workstation accounting
Clinical
workstations
Microbiology
Library
Research resources
databeses
Material Radiology
management
Data Clinical
warehouse laboratory
Educational
Administrative systems
programs
(e.g. admissions, discharges and transfers) sabin@academia intnatinal.edu.np 22

23. MovingThe Internet the organization
beyond
Government
health insurance
3rd party
programs
payers
Other hospitals
Patients and physicians
Pharmaceuticals
regulators
Healthy
individuals
Communicable
disease agencies
Government
Providers medical research
in offices agencies
or clinics
Vendors
Information of various types
resources (e.g. pharmaceuticals Health Science
companies
(Medline..) sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np Schools
2/18/2012 23

24. summary
 In medicine,computers are used for everything from
diagnosing illnesses and monitoring patients to
controlling movements of robotic surgical assistants.
 Used for recording of the patient’s history and
treatment details to monitoring patients
 Computers are also used in automating the hospital
management systems(patient history, the treatment
details etc).
 Use of electronic patient records.
 Computerized automate the billing, and other
administrative processes.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 24

25. Cont….
 Collect vital-sign measurements directly from patient
monitors and automate the charting process.
 Ai(voice recognizing system),robot used.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 25

26. References
Fundamentals of Informatin Technology
(Alexis leon & mathews leon)
www.google.com??????????
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 26

27.  Guys this is my first presentation of my life.so if u have
seen any weakness faced by me please comment me.
Don’t forget to comment!!!!
U all are free to comment me,it would not cost prices.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 27

28. THANK YOU
 I am very much proud to present this
presentation.heartfully I want to thank all the member
of the academia college.
2/18/2012 sabin@academia internatinal.edu.np 28