S T U D E N T F R E E D O M O F S P E E C H
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The document discusses several Supreme Court cases related to student freedom of speech rights in schools. Tinker v. Des Moines established that student speech, such as wearing armbands, is protected unless it causes a substantial disruption to the school. Bethel v. Fraser allowed schools to restrict lewd or offensive student speech. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier determined that school-sponsored speech in student newspapers is not protected and schools can censor it if related to legitimate pedagogical concerns.
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u or your {amily ever have)ased views thai contlicted.docx
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Perhaps the greatest point of tension concerning religion and cun'iculum is the
theory of evolution. In the so-called "scopes Monkey Trial" in -1,)25, a high school
teacher was convicted of violating a Tennessee regulation against teaching anything
that contradicted the biblical Genesis accolrnt of the creation of humans. Although the
conviction was overturned on a technicaliry controversy over the teaching of evolution
in schools has continue d.In L982 Louisiana passed the Balanced Treatment Act, which
required the teaching of both creationism and evolution. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled
the act illegal because it endorsed creationism, a Chrlstian view, to the exclusion of
other views. Some school districts, and even whole states, have afiempted to give equal
time both to what some Christians believe about creation as embodied in the literal
translation of the Bible and to evolution. Some districts have attempted to outlaw the
teaching of evolution or to require a disclaimer stating that it is only a theory, one of
many that try to explain the or:igin of humans.
As you can see, the rights and responsibilities of teachers and stridents often inter-
sect at the delicate point of separation of church and state. In some communities, and
at some times of the year, preserwing this separation is challenging.
What.[re the Legal Rights of Students?
Students do not leave their constitutional rights at the schooihouse door. You may no-
tice that there isn't a section of this chapter devoted to students' legal responsibilities.
If there were, the section would be short. Students have the responsibility to go to
school as long as it is cornpulsory (usually to age 1.6, but to age 1"8 in some locations).
That's about it in terms of legal responsibilities. dlthough we hope students take re-
sponsibility for their lear:ning and behavioq unless their behavior is deerned illegal or
extrernely disruptive, there are no other laws binding them.
Before 1969, students were not recognized as having First Amendment rights to free-
dom of expression. The U.S. Supreme Court's decision kt Tinker v. Des Moines Inde-
pend.ent Comnxunity Scbool District, 1,)6), provided a clear message that a student is
entitled to freedom of expression, In this case, three students wore armbands to school
to protest the war in Vietnam and were punished for doing so (LaMorte, 2012). The
Tinker case reversed the school's stance and has been cited repeateclly since 1969.
However, court challenges since Tinker have served to balance the rights of students
to express themselves and the necessity of limiting personal freedom to ensure the
safety and well-being of others. For students, understanding the need for this b ...
1st amendment lesson
I presented this to a class of High School sophmores. We tried to incorporate certain factors in an easy to understand way. The factors may be a little oversimplified, but they incorporate many of the main ideas
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis - Expression & Associational Rights PPT.
The document discusses expression and associational rights protected under the First Amendment and in the Texas Constitution. It covers the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly. It defines these rights and notes they apply to public schools through the 14th Amendment. While private schools are not bound by these, they may have similar policies. The document outlines cases like Pickering and Mt. Healthy that established tests for when a public employee's speech is protected from retaliation. It also discusses expression rights for teachers both inside and outside the classroom.
S T U D E N T E X P R E S S I O N
The document discusses student expression and First Amendment rights in schools. It outlines that students do not give up their free speech rights at the school door, but schools can restrict expression that materially disrupts class or is inappropriate. Specifically, schools can censor school newspapers and dress codes if they are not discriminatory. While students don't have to say the Pledge of Allegiance, they must remain silent. The document also provides examples of how courts have ruled on issues like library books, clothing with profanity, hair color, and political messages. It stresses the importance for administrators to understand both student rights and applicable laws and policies.
Student Expression - Dr. W.A. Kritsonis
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Students Rights, Student Freedom of Speech, Student Expression, Pickering and other cases, Censsorship of Student Publications, Due Process, Discrimination, Diversity, Multicultural Issues, Personnel Administration
First Amendment at School
The document discusses three Supreme Court cases that shaped the extent of students' First Amendment rights in schools:
1) Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) established that students have free speech rights and can protest the Vietnam War by wearing black armbands, unless it substantially disrupts school.
2) Bethel v. Fraser (1986) upheld a student's suspension for giving a sexually explicit nominating speech, as schools can restrict vulgar or offensive language.
3) Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988) ruled schools can exercise editorial control over school-sponsored publications if reasonably related to pedagogical concerns, allowing a principal to censor articles in a school newspaper.
Walking the Regulatory Tightrope
This document discusses the complex issue of balancing students' free speech rights with addressing bullying. It summarizes key Supreme Court rulings on student speech and examines how different circuits have applied these rulings to cyberbullying cases. The document also notes guidance from the Department of Education regarding when bullying may constitute harassment. It concludes by proposing schools apply the substantial disruption test from Tinker v. Des Moines, but also consider speech that "collides with the rights of others" if it is bullying, harassing, libelous or threatening. The ultimate goal is to provide safe schools while preserving political speech.
Student expression
This document summarizes key Supreme Court cases related to freedom of expression in schools. It outlines that protection for student expression is highest in middle/high school compared to college, and in public schools versus private schools. The landmark Tinker v. Des Moines case in 1969 provided strong protection for student expression unless it disrupted other students' education. Later cases like Bethel and Hazlewood gave schools more authority to restrict student speech in school-sponsored activities. The Morse v. Frederick decision found that schools can restrict speech they see as promoting illegal drug use.
Teacher freedoms 2013
Teachers have certain freedoms of expression, speech, and association protected by the Constitution similar to other citizens. However, speech that disrupts the school environment or fails to follow proper channels is not protected. Teachers also have academic freedom to teach the curriculum appropriately for students but cannot promote inappropriate or controversial material. Courts have ruled variably on issues like dress codes, political activities, pregnancy, and privacy depending on the specific circumstances and potential impacts on the school environment or the teacher's effectiveness. Religious discrimination and family leave are also regulated and require reasonable accommodations if they do not unduly burden school operations.
Free Speech in College
This document discusses the history and application of free speech protections on college campuses. It outlines landmark Supreme Court cases like Tinker v. Des Moines that established students' right to symbolic speech. More recently, Gerlich v. Leath ruled that students could wear university-trademarked apparel to advocate for legalizing marijuana. While courts broadly protect university student speech, some colleges still try to restrict speech by limiting it to "free speech zones". The document concludes that higher education should cultivate the open exchange of ideas rather than censoring offensive expression.
Homeschooling
Parents may choose to home school their children for several reasons such as religious beliefs, a desire for more control over curriculum and socialization, or dissatisfaction with public schools. Studies have shown that home schooled children often perform better than public school students on standardized tests and many go on to attend college. The main advantages of home schooling are that it allows for a customized curriculum tailored to each child's interests and learning style, more flexibility in scheduling, and increased parental influence over socialization and incorporation of religious or philosophical beliefs.
Sahar Saqib - Closed Memo Final Draft
Tom wore a t-shirt depicting cartoons that ridiculed a religion to school. The principal forced Tom to remove the shirt, violating his free speech rights. Teachers were told to kick out students describing the shirt. When Tom described his shirt, his teacher kicked him out, again violating his rights. The teacher posted criticism of this policy on Facebook and was suspended, which also violated his free speech rights. While schools can restrict disruptive speech, Tom's speech did not cause disruption, so his and his teacher's rights were infringed upon.
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Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
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Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
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S T U D E N T F R E E D O M O F S P E E C H
- 1. Student Freedom of Speech William Allan Kritsonis, PhD
- 10. The End