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Actual bodily harm means any hurt, injury, or psychiatric harm that interferes with health or comfort, even if minor or momentary. The actus reus can be caused directly or indirectly, and the mens rea is either intention or subjective recklessness to cause such harm.
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Theft: Appropriation and consent
The document discusses several court cases related to the definition of theft and appropriation. It notes that in some cases such as Lawrence (1971), taking property with consent was still considered appropriation. However, in other cases such as Fritschy (1985) and Gallasso (1993), taking property with the owner's permission did not amount to appropriation in the legal sense of theft. The document analyzes how the legal concept of appropriation has been applied inconsistently depending on the specific case and jurisdiction.
Implementing directives
The document discusses how the European Union issues directives that are binding on member states. While directives are binding, they must be implemented through each member state's own laws within a time limit set by the European Commission. The usual method for implementing directives in the UK is through delegated legislation, such as the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations which were secondary legislation introduced to implement a European Directive on consumer contracts.
Ways of Checking Whether It is worth Litigating
This document outlines 6 ways to check if litigation is worth pursuing against a company or individual. They include checking company records and ownership with Companies House, using credit checking services, searching for county court judgments, obtaining information from the client, searching land registry to see if premises are owned, and making local or personal inquiries.
Incorporating terms
Terms can be incorporated through 1) a signed document, 2) adequate notice which considers timing, type and nature of the document, 3) a consistent course of dealings as shown in Hollier v Rambler Motors, or 4) the common intention and understanding of the parties such as in British Crane Hire Corporation Ltd. v Ipswich Plant Hire Ltd. The document discusses four ways that terms can become legally binding: through a signed document, adequate notice of terms in the document, a consistent course of dealings between the parties, or a common understanding between the parties.
Delegated Legislation: Procedural Ultra Vires
Procedural ultra vires occurs when a public authority exceeds its powers by failing to follow mandatory procedural requirements in its enabling act. Case law has established that statutory instruments will be invalidated if mandatory consultation or publication requirements are not followed, but not if the procedures are only directory. For example, in R v Secretary of State for Education and Employment, a statutory instrument setting teacher pay conditions was ruled ultra vires for failing to follow the powers granted by the enabling act.
Attempts: Development of Mens Rea
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Overall procedure under CPR 1998 (stages 1 8)
This document outlines the 8 stages of the overall procedure under CPR (Civil Procedure Rules), including ADR, issuing a letter before action, issuing proceedings, allocation or directions, pre-trial review, trial, costs, and enforcement.
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Theft: Appropriation and consent
The document discusses several court cases related to the definition of theft and appropriation. It notes that in some cases such as Lawrence (1971), taking property with consent was still considered appropriation. However, in other cases such as Fritschy (1985) and Gallasso (1993), taking property with the owner's permission did not amount to appropriation in the legal sense of theft. The document analyzes how the legal concept of appropriation has been applied inconsistently depending on the specific case and jurisdiction.
Implementing directives
The document discusses how the European Union issues directives that are binding on member states. While directives are binding, they must be implemented through each member state's own laws within a time limit set by the European Commission. The usual method for implementing directives in the UK is through delegated legislation, such as the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations which were secondary legislation introduced to implement a European Directive on consumer contracts.
Ways of Checking Whether It is worth Litigating
This document outlines 6 ways to check if litigation is worth pursuing against a company or individual. They include checking company records and ownership with Companies House, using credit checking services, searching for county court judgments, obtaining information from the client, searching land registry to see if premises are owned, and making local or personal inquiries.
Incorporating terms
Terms can be incorporated through 1) a signed document, 2) adequate notice which considers timing, type and nature of the document, 3) a consistent course of dealings as shown in Hollier v Rambler Motors, or 4) the common intention and understanding of the parties such as in British Crane Hire Corporation Ltd. v Ipswich Plant Hire Ltd. The document discusses four ways that terms can become legally binding: through a signed document, adequate notice of terms in the document, a consistent course of dealings between the parties, or a common understanding between the parties.
Delegated Legislation: Procedural Ultra Vires
Procedural ultra vires occurs when a public authority exceeds its powers by failing to follow mandatory procedural requirements in its enabling act. Case law has established that statutory instruments will be invalidated if mandatory consultation or publication requirements are not followed, but not if the procedures are only directory. For example, in R v Secretary of State for Education and Employment, a statutory instrument setting teacher pay conditions was ruled ultra vires for failing to follow the powers granted by the enabling act.
Attempts: Development of Mens Rea
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Overall procedure under CPR 1998 (stages 1 8)
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Contract Case law: Offer
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2) Partridge v Crittenden, P.S.G.B. v Boots Chemists, Fisher v Bell, and Harvey v Facey ruled that shop displays and advertisements are invitations to treat, not offers, which can be revoked before acceptance.
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Control of Delegated Legislation
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Financing litigation
This document discusses various methods for financing civil litigation in England and Wales, including retainers, contingency fees (CFAs), damages-based agreements (DBAs), insurance, qualified one-way costs shifting (QOCS), and public funding. It provides details on reforms introduced by the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, such as success fees and ATE premiums no longer being recoverable from the losing party. CFAs and DBAs are now the main alternatives to traditional retainers, with caps on the percentage of damages that can be claimed. Public funding through legal aid has limited availability and alternative options may include trade union support.
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The document discusses various aspects of costs in UK civil litigation, including:
- The general rule that costs follow the event, but the court has discretion based on circumstances.
- Reforms introduced by LASPOA 2012, including the qualified one-way costs shifting for personal injury claims, proportionality requirements, costs budgets, fixed costs for certain claims, and provisional detailed assessments.
- The procedures for summary assessment of costs at the end of fast track trials, and detailed assessment of costs in multi-track cases, including points of dispute processes.
- The standard and indemnity bases of assessment and wasted costs orders against lawyers.
English Legal System
This document discusses the definition of law according to five academics and classifies law into seven main categories. It defines law as a body of rules fixed and enforced by a sovereign authority according to John Austin, and as a system of rules according to Professor Hart. Law can also be seen as an embodiment of reason (Plato) or a tool of control (Marxist theory). The seven classifications of law covered are domestic, European, international, public, private, civil, and criminal law.
European Commission
The European Commission proposes EU legislation, negotiates trade deals with other countries on behalf of the EU, and oversees the EU budget. It is also responsible for ensuring EU laws are properly applied and can refer countries to the European Court of Justice. The Commission consists of one Commissioner from each EU member state who are each responsible for specific policy areas.
Treaties and regulations
This document provides an overview of key EU treaties and cases related to sources of EU law, including:
- The Treaty of Rome (1957) which established the European Economic Community and focused on economic cooperation.
- The Treaty of Amsterdam (1997) which expanded qualified majority voting and gave the Commission a say over justice policy.
- The Treaty of Nice (2000) which reformed EU decision-making and set limits on future enlargement.
- The Treaty of Lisbon (2007) which aimed to streamline EU institutions to function with 27 member states.
Notable cases discussed include Van Duyn v Home Office (1974) and Macarthys Ltd v Smith (1980) which related to
Statutory Interpretation: The Mischief Rule
The document discusses two cases related to the mischief rule:
1) Smith v Hughes (1960): The court applied the mischief rule to hold that prostitutes soliciting from private premises like windows/balconies were within the intended target of the Street Offences Act, even though a literal reading placed their actions in a private place.
2) Corkery v Carpenter (1950): The court applied the mischief rule to hold that a bicycle constitutes a "carriage" under the relevant law, as the aim was to prevent drunk people from being in control of transport on highways.
Delegated Legislation: Substantive ultra vires
The document discusses the concept of substantive ultra vires, which allows courts to intervene when public authorities abuse their powers by creating laws illegally or unreasonably. It provides examples of cases where authorities have overstepped their powers, such as giving a government department more authority than Parliament or forcing people to remove snow when they lacked that authority. Courts can review delegated legislation for unreasonable acts under the concept of substantive ultra vires.
Insanity
The document discusses a "defect of reason" caused by a disease of the mind which affects a person's ability to reason. It notes that confusion alone is not enough and there needs to be a total inability to reason or know that one's act is wrong. It also states that the internal cause does not have to be a disease of the brain, but anything that affects one's ability to reason or know what they are doing is wrong.
Theft Case Law
This document summarizes several theft case laws related to the concept of appropriation:
- Lawrence (1971) established that taking money with consent could still be appropriation.
- Eddy v Niman (1971) found no appropriation when goods were placed in a store's trolley as this was consistent with the owner's rights.
- McPherson (1973) ruled that placing bottles in a bag showed intent to steal, amounting to appropriation.
- Skipp (1975) determined appropriation occurred when goods were loaded and the route changed, not just upon intending to steal.
- R v Morris (1983) found appropriation as soon as price labels were switched.
Murder
This document discusses the legal definition and elements of the offense of murder in the UK. It defines murder as an "unlawful killing" with "malice aforethought," which can be expressed as an intention to kill or cause serious harm. It explains the developments around the concept of "oblique intent" and distinguishes between "express malice" and "implied malice." Key court cases such as Moloney, Nedrick, and Woollin are referenced in relation to how foresight of consequences can be used as evidence of intent. The document also briefly mentions the partial defense of provocation and law reforms around the year and a day rule.
Juries in the criminal courts
Juries play an important role in criminal cases in Crown Court, where 12 jurors listen to evidence and the judge's summing up before deciding in secret whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty by majority verdict to prevent jury interference.
Theft: Appropriation Common Law Development
This document discusses the legal development of the concept of appropriation as it relates to theft. It summarizes several key court cases between 1971 and 1993 that helped define when appropriation occurs. The cases established that appropriation can take place before an item is removed from the store if the person's actions are inconsistent with the owner's rights, such as switching price tags or loading goods with the intent to steal them and divert them from their destination. Appropriation requires an act that assumes the rights of ownership over an item.
Juries in civil cases
Juries play a role in deciding certain civil cases such as defamation, false imprisonment, and fraud that involve issues of character and reputation. However, judges can refuse juries even in these cases if the evidence is too complicated. Juries are allowed in personal injury cases in exceptional circumstances according to Ward v James, but none have been deemed exceptional since. In civil cases juries have a dual role in deciding liability and assessing damages to be awarded.
Robbery Case Names
This document appears to list legal cases related to robbery from 1976 to 1995. It includes 6 cases: Robinson (1977), Corcoran v Anderton (1980), Dawson and James (1976), Clouden (1987), Hale (1979), and Lockley (1995). The document provides a high-level listing of legal cases but no other context or details about the cases themselves.
Automatism
This document discusses the legal defense of automatism, where a defendant's actions are involuntary due to an external uncontrollable factor. For automatism to apply, the act must be due to a spasm, convulsion or other uncontrollable response induced by an external stimulus, such as being stung by bees. Both case law and legal principles discussed in the document require the act to be involuntary and prevent the defendant from forming criminal intent for automatism to be a successful complete defense leading to acquittal.
Conditional Fee Agreements
A conditional fee agreement, also known as a "no win no fee" agreement, allows a representative to only recover costs if a case is successful, while the client pays disbursements and insurance as the case progresses. The representative can also claim a success fee or uplift from the other party if notice is given, and alternatives include private funding or legal expenses insurance.
Criminal Procedure: Triable Either Way Offences
The document discusses where an "either way offence" will be heard in court. It explains that a defendant will first enter a plea of guilty or not guilty. If pleading guilty, the case will be heard in Magistrates' Court. If pleading not guilty, the magistrates will determine if the case is suitable for their court or needs to be transferred to Crown Court for trial. The defendant is also given a choice over which court hears the case if magistrates accept jurisdiction.
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Indirect intention
This document discusses the legal principles of oblique intent in criminal cases. It outlines several important court cases that have helped define how intent can be established through foreseeability of consequences:
- DPP v Smith established that a person intends the natural and probable consequences of their actions.
- Hyam v DPP found that intent exists when a person foresees a consequence as being highly probable due to their actions.
- More recent cases like Nedrick, Woolin, and Matthews and Alleyne have confirmed that a jury can only find intent if the consequence was virtually certain and the defendant appreciated this, establishing foreseeability of consequences as a rule of evidence for intent.
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Contract Case law: Offer
This document summarizes several contract case law rulings related to offers:
1) R v Clarke and Taylor v Laird established that for an offer to be accepted, the offeree must have knowledge of the offer and intend to accept it at the time of the alleged acceptance.
2) Partridge v Crittenden, P.S.G.B. v Boots Chemists, Fisher v Bell, and Harvey v Facey ruled that shop displays and advertisements are invitations to treat, not offers, which can be revoked before acceptance.
3) Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co established that advertisements can constitute unilateral offers in exceptional cases.
Control of Delegated Legislation
The document discusses control of delegated legislation in the United Kingdom. [1] It recaps that delegated legislation includes statutory instruments and orders in council that have UK-wide effect, as well as local by-laws. [2] Powers are often delegated to ministers through enabling acts of Parliament to make secondary legislation. [3] The document then uses Kenneth Clarke as an example of how a Secretary of State is responsible for making delegated legislation through their department. It outlines some methods used to control delegated legislation, including consultation during the creation of statutory instruments and publication of all delegated legislation.
Financing litigation
This document discusses various methods for financing civil litigation in England and Wales, including retainers, contingency fees (CFAs), damages-based agreements (DBAs), insurance, qualified one-way costs shifting (QOCS), and public funding. It provides details on reforms introduced by the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, such as success fees and ATE premiums no longer being recoverable from the losing party. CFAs and DBAs are now the main alternatives to traditional retainers, with caps on the percentage of damages that can be claimed. Public funding through legal aid has limited availability and alternative options may include trade union support.
Costs
The document discusses various aspects of costs in UK civil litigation, including:
- The general rule that costs follow the event, but the court has discretion based on circumstances.
- Reforms introduced by LASPOA 2012, including the qualified one-way costs shifting for personal injury claims, proportionality requirements, costs budgets, fixed costs for certain claims, and provisional detailed assessments.
- The procedures for summary assessment of costs at the end of fast track trials, and detailed assessment of costs in multi-track cases, including points of dispute processes.
- The standard and indemnity bases of assessment and wasted costs orders against lawyers.
English Legal System
This document discusses the definition of law according to five academics and classifies law into seven main categories. It defines law as a body of rules fixed and enforced by a sovereign authority according to John Austin, and as a system of rules according to Professor Hart. Law can also be seen as an embodiment of reason (Plato) or a tool of control (Marxist theory). The seven classifications of law covered are domestic, European, international, public, private, civil, and criminal law.
European Commission
The European Commission proposes EU legislation, negotiates trade deals with other countries on behalf of the EU, and oversees the EU budget. It is also responsible for ensuring EU laws are properly applied and can refer countries to the European Court of Justice. The Commission consists of one Commissioner from each EU member state who are each responsible for specific policy areas.
Treaties and regulations
This document provides an overview of key EU treaties and cases related to sources of EU law, including:
- The Treaty of Rome (1957) which established the European Economic Community and focused on economic cooperation.
- The Treaty of Amsterdam (1997) which expanded qualified majority voting and gave the Commission a say over justice policy.
- The Treaty of Nice (2000) which reformed EU decision-making and set limits on future enlargement.
- The Treaty of Lisbon (2007) which aimed to streamline EU institutions to function with 27 member states.
Notable cases discussed include Van Duyn v Home Office (1974) and Macarthys Ltd v Smith (1980) which related to
Statutory Interpretation: The Mischief Rule
The document discusses two cases related to the mischief rule:
1) Smith v Hughes (1960): The court applied the mischief rule to hold that prostitutes soliciting from private premises like windows/balconies were within the intended target of the Street Offences Act, even though a literal reading placed their actions in a private place.
2) Corkery v Carpenter (1950): The court applied the mischief rule to hold that a bicycle constitutes a "carriage" under the relevant law, as the aim was to prevent drunk people from being in control of transport on highways.
Delegated Legislation: Substantive ultra vires
The document discusses the concept of substantive ultra vires, which allows courts to intervene when public authorities abuse their powers by creating laws illegally or unreasonably. It provides examples of cases where authorities have overstepped their powers, such as giving a government department more authority than Parliament or forcing people to remove snow when they lacked that authority. Courts can review delegated legislation for unreasonable acts under the concept of substantive ultra vires.
Insanity
The document discusses a "defect of reason" caused by a disease of the mind which affects a person's ability to reason. It notes that confusion alone is not enough and there needs to be a total inability to reason or know that one's act is wrong. It also states that the internal cause does not have to be a disease of the brain, but anything that affects one's ability to reason or know what they are doing is wrong.
Theft Case Law
This document summarizes several theft case laws related to the concept of appropriation:
- Lawrence (1971) established that taking money with consent could still be appropriation.
- Eddy v Niman (1971) found no appropriation when goods were placed in a store's trolley as this was consistent with the owner's rights.
- McPherson (1973) ruled that placing bottles in a bag showed intent to steal, amounting to appropriation.
- Skipp (1975) determined appropriation occurred when goods were loaded and the route changed, not just upon intending to steal.
- R v Morris (1983) found appropriation as soon as price labels were switched.
Murder
This document discusses the legal definition and elements of the offense of murder in the UK. It defines murder as an "unlawful killing" with "malice aforethought," which can be expressed as an intention to kill or cause serious harm. It explains the developments around the concept of "oblique intent" and distinguishes between "express malice" and "implied malice." Key court cases such as Moloney, Nedrick, and Woollin are referenced in relation to how foresight of consequences can be used as evidence of intent. The document also briefly mentions the partial defense of provocation and law reforms around the year and a day rule.
Juries in the criminal courts
Juries play an important role in criminal cases in Crown Court, where 12 jurors listen to evidence and the judge's summing up before deciding in secret whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty by majority verdict to prevent jury interference.
Theft: Appropriation Common Law Development
This document discusses the legal development of the concept of appropriation as it relates to theft. It summarizes several key court cases between 1971 and 1993 that helped define when appropriation occurs. The cases established that appropriation can take place before an item is removed from the store if the person's actions are inconsistent with the owner's rights, such as switching price tags or loading goods with the intent to steal them and divert them from their destination. Appropriation requires an act that assumes the rights of ownership over an item.
Juries in civil cases
Juries play a role in deciding certain civil cases such as defamation, false imprisonment, and fraud that involve issues of character and reputation. However, judges can refuse juries even in these cases if the evidence is too complicated. Juries are allowed in personal injury cases in exceptional circumstances according to Ward v James, but none have been deemed exceptional since. In civil cases juries have a dual role in deciding liability and assessing damages to be awarded.
Robbery Case Names
This document appears to list legal cases related to robbery from 1976 to 1995. It includes 6 cases: Robinson (1977), Corcoran v Anderton (1980), Dawson and James (1976), Clouden (1987), Hale (1979), and Lockley (1995). The document provides a high-level listing of legal cases but no other context or details about the cases themselves.
Automatism
This document discusses the legal defense of automatism, where a defendant's actions are involuntary due to an external uncontrollable factor. For automatism to apply, the act must be due to a spasm, convulsion or other uncontrollable response induced by an external stimulus, such as being stung by bees. Both case law and legal principles discussed in the document require the act to be involuntary and prevent the defendant from forming criminal intent for automatism to be a successful complete defense leading to acquittal.
Conditional Fee Agreements
A conditional fee agreement, also known as a "no win no fee" agreement, allows a representative to only recover costs if a case is successful, while the client pays disbursements and insurance as the case progresses. The representative can also claim a success fee or uplift from the other party if notice is given, and alternatives include private funding or legal expenses insurance.
Criminal Procedure: Triable Either Way Offences
The document discusses where an "either way offence" will be heard in court. It explains that a defendant will first enter a plea of guilty or not guilty. If pleading guilty, the case will be heard in Magistrates' Court. If pleading not guilty, the magistrates will determine if the case is suitable for their court or needs to be transferred to Crown Court for trial. The defendant is also given a choice over which court hears the case if magistrates accept jurisdiction.
Information/Documentation to Support Personal Injury Claim
Information that can be gathered to support a personal injury claim includes accident reports, health and safety certificates, copies of insurance documentation, witness statements, and records of any involvement from the Health and Safety Executive.
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- Hyam v DPP found that intent exists when a person foresees a consequence as being highly probable due to their actions.
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The document discusses criminal damage offenses under the Criminal Damage Act 1971. It outlines the 3 offenses as basic criminal damage, aggravated criminal damage, and arson as defined in Section 1 of the Act. For basic criminal damage, the 3 elements that must be proven are: 1) destruction or damage, 2) to property, and 3) belonging to another. Damage is broadly defined based on case law. Aggravated criminal damage requires the additional element of intending or recklessly endangering life. Defenses to criminal damage are also provided in Section 5 of the Act.
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Unfair dismissal
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Directives and Direct Effect Memory Game
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Directives and direct effect
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IT FOCUSED ON MEDICAL MANAGEMENT AND NURSING MANAGEMENT.
HIGHLIGHTS ON HEALTH EDUCATION.
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
โ What is event processing in MuleSoft?
โ Types of event processing models in Mule 4
โ Distinction between the reactive, parallel, blocking & non-blocking processing
For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shivani Yasaswi - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaniyasaswi/
Organizers:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
Practical manual for National Examination Council, Nigeria.
Contains guides on answering questions on the specimens provided
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptx
Ivรกn Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
(๐๐๐ ๐๐๐) (๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง ๐)-๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ
๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฆ ๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐ก๐ข๐ฅ๐ข๐ฉ๐ฉ๐ข๐ง๐๐ฌ:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ญ๐ฎ๐ซ๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐๐จ๐ฉ๐ ๐จ๐ ๐๐ง ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐ฎ๐ซ:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Wound healing PPT
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the bodyโs response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
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- 1. Section 47: assault occasioning actual bodily harm
- 2. Miller: Actual bodily harm means any hurt or injury calculated to interfere with health or comfort Wind
- 3. ChanโFook: Actual bodily harm also means as โnot so trivial as to be wholly insignificantโ
- 4. Actual bodily harm means: that the actus reus includes direct and indirect means
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- 6. Smith: has included four or five bruises caused by a belt Jones (1981): minor abrasions and a bruise
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