Running head: VICTIMS OF SEXUAL ABUSE AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE 1 VICTIMS OF SEXUAL ABUSE AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2 Victims of Sexual Abuse and Substance Abuse Institutional Affiliation: Student’s Name: Date: Victims of Sexual Abuse and Substance Abuse Sexual harassment is a case where unwelcome erotic advances, demands for sexual favoritisms, or other spoken and bodily conduct that is forcible or generates an intimidating work or education atmosphere. Though most sexual abuses occur as rape others can be non-conduct. It can be marital, statutory, acquaintance, stranger, anger/ unpremeditated. In some cases it can be violent rape happening in form of savage attack prompted by feelings of hatred and resentment. Hence sexual gratification has little to do with it. Revenge towards women- victim by a stranger is indicated in the United States department of as averagely two hundred and ninety-three thousand and sixty-six individuals who are of ages twelve or more face sexual exploitation annually (2013). The office for victims service (2015) indicate that the sexual exploitation victims can help the victim by avoiding blaming them for the occurrence, helping them cope with trauma and lawfully dealing with the aggressors (Straussner, et.el.,2005). Sexual abuse may occur as rape, which is known as the having sexual contact short of the accord of the male/female and prompted by force, compulsion, terrorization or trickery as to the nature of the performance. In this essay, there is the focus on sexual abuse but with more analysis on drug addiction relationship. Relationship between sexual violence and drug abuse Another case is Rohypnol where a rapist takes the tranquilizer flunitrazepam; hence, it subdues the restlessness and pain reception in the brain. Additionally, Gamma Hydroxybutyrate/ liquid ecstasy incapacitates a possible rape casualty and leads to sleepiness, amplified sex motivation, memory loss, phantasm, headache, and forfeiture of muscle impulses, nausea, sickness, difficulty breathing, annexations, catalepsy, coma, and even death. Another substance is, Ketaamine/Special K, a surgical drug often used by aggressors on target victims ten to twenty minutes and as much as forty-eight hours. It increases the pulse rate, blood density, and oxygen ingestion as well as illusions, memory loss, abstraction, emotionlessness, paralysis, and body disjunction which allow rape (LeBeau & Mozayani , 2001). Furthermore, alcohol and acquaintance rape happen as a result of rape victims having experienced rape trauma syndrome. With alcohol, males’ psychosomatic anticipations of alcohol’s effects are hostility, power, and sexual desire. Also, male’s misunderstandings of sexual intent are likely to be higher when they are drunk (LeBeau, & Mozayani 2001). Many women are stereotyped as prostitutes, loose and become sexually active hence attracting rape since they respond positively to sexual adva.

1. Running head: VICTIMS OF SEXUAL ABUSE AND
SUBSTANCE ABUSE 1
VICTIMS OF SEXUAL ABUSE AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE
2
Victims of Sexual Abuse and Substance Abuse
Institutional Affiliation:
Student’s Name:
Date:
Victims of Sexual Abuse and Substance Abuse
Sexual harassment is a case where unwelcome erotic advances,
demands for sexual favoritisms, or other spoken and bodily
conduct that is forcible or generates an intimidating work or
education atmosphere. Though most sexual abuses occur as rape
others can be non-conduct. It can be marital, statutory,
acquaintance, stranger, anger/ unpremeditated. In some cases it
can be violent rape happening in form of savage attack
prompted by feelings of hatred and resentment. Hence sexual

2. gratification has little to do with it. Revenge towards women-
victim by a stranger is indicated in the United States
department of as averagely two hundred and ninety-three
thousand and sixty-six individuals who are of ages twelve or
more face sexual exploitation annually (2013). The office for
victims service (2015) indicate that the sexual exploitation
victims can help the victim by avoiding blaming them for the
occurrence, helping them cope with trauma and lawfully dealing
with the aggressors (Straussner, et.el.,2005). Sexual abuse may
occur as rape, which is known as the having sexual contact
short of the accord of the male/female and prompted by force,
compulsion, terrorization or trickery as to the nature of the
performance. In this essay, there is the focus on sexual abuse
but with more analysis on drug addiction relationship.
Relationship between sexual violence and drug abuse
Another case is Rohypnol where a rapist takes the tranquilizer
flunitrazepam; hence, it subdues the restlessness and pain
reception in the brain. Additionally, Gamma Hydroxybutyrate/
liquid ecstasy incapacitates a possible rape casualty and leads to
sleepiness, amplified sex motivation, memory loss, phantasm,
headache, and forfeiture of muscle impulses, nausea, sickness,
difficulty breathing, annexations, catalepsy, coma, and even
death. Another substance is, Ketaamine/Special K, a surgical
drug often used by aggressors on target victims ten to twenty
minutes and as much as forty-eight hours. It increases the pulse
rate, blood density, and oxygen ingestion as well as illusions,
memory loss, abstraction, emotionlessness, paralysis, and body
disjunction which allow rape (LeBeau & Mozayani , 2001).
Furthermore, alcohol and acquaintance rape happen as a result
of rape victims having experienced rape trauma syndrome. With
alcohol, males’ psychosomatic anticipations of alcohol’s effects
are hostility, power, and sexual desire. Also, male’s
misunderstandings of sexual intent are likely to be higher when
they are drunk (LeBeau, & Mozayani 2001). Many women are
stereotyped as prostitutes, loose and become sexually active
hence attracting rape since they respond positively to sexual

3. advance and are willing to be seduced. For women taking of
alcohol reduces their capacity to send and receive cues.
Female’s reduction in the ability to send and receive signals as
well as effective resistance to sexual advances. In other cases,
alcohol is a justification tool for male sexual vehemence since it
heightens women’s role in allowing sexual abuse. According to
LeBeau & Mozayani (2001), other drugs include ethanol,
opioids, hallucinogen and benzodiazepines.
Statistical data about Sexual Abuse
Paludi & Denmark (2010) show that there are at least 60% of
college students were aware of 21 % individuals who face
intimate rapes as a result of being in relationship. What's more,
35 % of high schools reported similar occurrence among
themselves with 9% occurrence score.It, therefore, means that
teen sexual violence is prevalent as marital violence is (Yates,
2004).In another study by there are approximate populations of
children who have experienced both contact and non-contact
sexual abuse. About Lisak research, there is an indication that
about seventeen percent for child sexual abuse of males
concerns bodily dealings (Hopper, 2015). Respectively, more
than twenty-five percent encounter non-contact practices of
violence.
In the non-contact abuse, a boy or girl is made to see the sexual
organs or signs that are exhibitionism, acquaintance to
pornographic materials. In other cases there is prurience and
interaction in an erotic routine by phone or to watch an internet
sexual encounter while contact may be fondling, sexual contact,
forcing, pressuring or influence a teenager to participate in any
sexual act. (Hopper, 2015).The overall observation is that at
least one boy in six is abused before age 16.According to
(Darkness to Light, 2015) at least seventy percent of the total
documented sexual assaults have children who are below
eighteen years because there is a rate of nine to ten more
likelihood of sexual abuse for children that adults.
Effects of Sexual Violence on the Victim
The trauma of being raped consists of physical, emotional, and

4. behavioral stress reactions such as anxiety, sleeplessness, eating
disorders, depression, and hyperactive neural functioning.
Sexual violence is damaging when it happens to a child for they
are left confused to distinguish between love and average as a
result of traumatic sexualization therefore in the marital
experience such women fail to take the sexual relationship as
pleasure and may consider it an immoral, dirty, unacceptable
and shameful act. The result of that they will revolt against
marital sex and might react with guilt all the time. On the other
hand, other men and women opt for prostitution. Men become
insecure, extremely conscious and uncomfortable in the
presence of a woman. According to Yates (2004), women who
face sexual abuse have at least ten times probability to take
alcohol and rely on it than the non-sexually abused.
Furthermore, when boys encounter rape as children, they opt for
alcoholism as a mechanism to help them keep off from the
distress. 80 percent of sexually abused males, therefore, go for
alcohol and substance abuse than the 11% of those who had not
encountered rape on life. These sexually once violated
individuals go for alcohol o as to smooth the internal pain and
meditate themselves. Also, there is a tendency of sexually
abused individuals being dissociated. According to Sedlak et.
al. (2010 ) the claim in ones sexually abused an individual loses
touch with self and feels as foreign to their bodies because they
are no longer centered on themselves neither are themselves
hence it may lead to being less aware of themselves and facing
re-victimization. For some victims there is a case of denial of
the pain, effect and brutality practiced by the rapist hence keep
meditating on the rape and how insignificant it is to ones’ life.
In addition, as Wolak et. al. (2008) indicate, that shame in the
victim or in others shows up among some victims of rape;
hence, they either work extra hard to prove to God or other
individuals that they are worth. Sometimes so as to shame
others, victims could be ferocious and hot tempered so as to
keep others off and be distanced in communication. Another
response becomes temporary “fixes” such as over volunteering

5. in social places, overspending overreacting to issues,
overachieving at the pace of work. Furthermore, they may be
overinvolved in sexual matters which risks them as they tend to
have multiple sexual partners hence are exposed to pregnancies
as well as STI’s and STD’S (Charleston, 2013: Charleston,
n.d.). For those who become reserved there is isolation as a
result of losing trust and confidence in male or female partners
hence take to casual sexual encounters as they appear safe for
them. The over responsibility is a way to want to seem a role
model or above others as a result of having experienced
violation the response comes as a result of depression hence
unless one is counseled they walk consistently tends to appear
to be perfect when they are suffering internally (Douglas &
Finkelhor,2005). Besides, there is a situation that forces a
victim to struggle being in control of life hence they seek for
partners who will help them appear good. This case may lead
them to be under responsible at the end of the day hence those
who are close /in friendship with them feel they are being
misused by this individual who pauses as weak and always
needing help. In other cases, it might lead to abuse and rejection
by others (Heitritter& Vought, 2006).
Prevention of Sexual Abuse
Paludi & Denmark (2010) suggest the following methods as
mechanisms for preventing sexual assault. First, all institutions
should put in place regulations that are more of expectations as
well as a penalty for offenders among both senior and junior
populaces. Additionally, there must be training for everyone so
as to be in a position to implement the right culture, be
assertive, support those who become victims and follow
corrective measures in case of incidences of sexual assault
(Wolak, et.al., 2008). The victims are reminded to keep journals
of such rates of crime and disclose to helpful people so as to
receive necessary care. Parents, on the other hand, are seen as a
great asset in preventing, caring and imposing the appropriate
discipline in sexual assault. For instance, as they take care of
their children they are reminded to give corrective teachings,

6. regulations and punishment in a consistent and balanced form
(Sedlak et. al., 2010). Since child sexual defilement happens in
particular conditions, it is vital to familiarize with these
situations so as to offer solutions. According to Townsend &
Rheingold, (2013), eighty-one percent of child sexual
exploitation occurrences for all ages happen in one-perpetrator
versus one-child situations. Statistical evidence claims that
there is a 23% six to eleven-year-old teenager sexual abuse
prospective for multiple-victim situations. Often children sexual
assault is perpetrated in homes where children live or where the
perpetrator stays (Broman-Fulks et. al., 2007). While eighty-
four percent of the abused are below age twelve, seventy-one
percent are age twelve to seventeen years and nine months
(Wilson, & Widom, 2009). These sexual assaults frequently
occur at eight in the morning twelve in the afternoon as well as
between three and four in the evening (Charleston, 2013). On
the other hand, older children who are ages twelve to seventeen
are likely to face sexual violence in the late hours of the day.
One out of several sexual exploits happens in children during
school days often after school that is three to seven in the
evening and more commonly from three to four. Saleable sexual
utilization and internet sex criminalities against children are a
minor and yet significant portion of the general problem (Jones,
et.al. 2012). According to Townsend & Rheingold (2013), in
2006, arrests for wired childhood victim cases instituted only
one point two percent of arrests for all sex criminalities against
teenagers. In the arrests, six hundred and fifteen detentions
were online cases against the forty-nine thousand three hundred
and forty-five overall sexual arrest (Cyr, et.al., 2006). In most
cases offenders use grooming to violate victims through giving
exceptional attention, day trips, and gifts, isolation of the child
from the rest, offering unmet needs and treating the child as if
they are adults.
Children who stay with foster parents experience ten times more
chances of sexual violation that those staying with the
biological parents and single parent children are also twenty

7. times more likely to face sexual violations. Gender wise,
females have fivefold exposure to sexual exploitation that the
males. In the US Afro- American children have virtually
twofold the hazard of sexual manipulation than Caucasian
offspring (Leeb et. al., 2011). Similarly, Hispanic children
have greater risks of sexual abuse than non-Hispanic white
teenagers. Likewise, low economic status creates three times
likelihood of sexual assault for children (Douglas, & Finkelhor,
2005). Besides, the rural resident children ate twice prone to
sexual abuse that those in the urban setting. Correspondingly,
Sedlak et.al, (2010) indicate that children who observe or are
the fatality of other delinquencies are suggestively more
probable to be sexually mistreated. Committers testify that they
seek for quiet, unobtrusive, distressed, isolated children from
single parents or fragmented family unit (Ullman, 2007). In
common are children who can trust one quickly hence where
abuse is within the family people that are entrusted by parents
as church individuals, close relations or house helps carry out
the abuses.
Remedy/Care for the sexually abused
To overcome effects that face sexually abused individuals there
is a need to have supportive fellows around them so that they
understand the problems they experience (Broman-Fulks, et.al.
2007). Moreover, being open despite the feeling one is
experiencing is a roadmap to healing for sexually abused
individuals (Cyr, et.al. 2006). Additionally, psychotherapy
visits and counseling sessions are essential in institutions for
they can assist reduce distress and offer assertiveness instead of
aggressiveness for victims of sexual assault. To handle the
victim, some remedies should take place immediately.
According to Wolak et.al. (2008) a rape victim should receive
help in such as safety, medical concerns, counseling, university
judicial affairs, police/prosecution as well as the civil action. In
the case where a child has been abused sexually the following
remedies should be considered; believing the child, being calm,
approving the child by reassuring, listening, respecting, and

8. getting help, as well as being accountable. A parent should not
panic or overreact and blame the child.
Effects of Child Sexual Abuse
There are challenges in academic performance among rape and
sexual abuse victims especially in psychometric tests that
measure intellectual prowess, educational accomplishment, and
memorization tests in comparison to children who have not
experienced sexual assault (Leeb et. al., 2011). Children
experiencing sexual abuse are prone to absenteeism, higher
grade retention hence they require enough special education
facilities because they experience difficulty in adapting to
schooling (Broman-Fulks, et. al., 2007). According to Darkness
to Light (2015), thirty-nine percent of ages seven to twelve -
year-old girls with a past of sexual manipulation faced academic
complications and fifty percent of them displayed an
intellectual ability lower than the 25th percentile.
Substance abuse problems commencement in juvenile or puberty
is some of the most common effects of teenager sexual
exploitation. According to DTL (2015), several studies exhibit
the adolescents who have encountered sexual abuse as
beginning to use/rely on drugs and substance in the 22-64
percentages. For adolescents, hard drugs are commonly an
option that is alcohol whereby there are three folds to the
fourfold higher prevalence of inception for non-experimental
drug use as fourteen point four years unlike the other children
without the abuse history hence they have a 15.1 age of drug
experimentation. As a result, of the two to three more likeliness
to abuse drugs by adolescents who have been victims of sexual
assault, there is higher delinquencies and crime (Charleston,
2013). According to Ullman (2007) abused children have a
triple to 5-fold risk of misbehavior like physical hostility, non-
conformity, sexual assault behavior as well as dropping out of
school.
Risk Factors for sexual abuse
The close relationships between extended families and children
are common causes of sexual assault. However, drug usage

9. among general populaces result in misuse of both adults and
children (Wilson, & Widom, 2009).Besides, the technological
boom and social media have increased cases of sexual violence
because Facebook, wazup, e-mails have linked people across the
nations (Jones, et.al.,2012).. The relationships with stranger
have triggered a lot of queer relationships that result in multiple
and unstable dating hence bringing about cases of drug and
substance instigated sexual assaults (Townsend & Rheingold,
2013). There is at least 2.7% and 0.6 % emergence of rape cases
for girls and boys of ages 11-12 respectively in the
contemporary setting.
Impact of sexual exploitation on adults
Adult survivors of rape opt for substance use hence become
addicted. DTL has records a three times more likelihood of
substance and drug abuse among adult female survivors of
sexual assault that gives a percentage of forty point five percent
than the fourteen percent of the rest of the population.
Similarly, the male population faces drug reliance at sixty per
cent compared to twenty percent of the general populace of
other males (Leeb et. al., 2011). Notably, as the Charleston
(n.d.) researchers indicate, the mental wellbeing challenges set
in for the sexually abused individuals as a result of depression.
Regarding statistics women who are sexually abused have a
likelihood of two times more than the non-abused females in
suffering from downheartedness as females who have not
encountered sexual abuse. The common case is attempted to
carry out suicide, and psychiatric complaints than females who
have not had sexual manipulation. (Ullman, 2007) The male
survivors of sexual abuse are 70% more prone to look for
psychological treatment including for issues drug and substance
abuse, suicidal feelings and endeavored perversity. Besides,
there are obese as well as feeding disorders in women.
Conclusively, sexual abuse and substance/drugs bare closely
related regarding causes and effects. It is, therefore, vital that
institutions instill drug abstinence so as to prevent cases of rape
as well as effects of the same among the children and adults.

10. Parents, institutional managers as well as the government can
assist in doing away with sexual assaults through education,
stringent laws and penalties, responsibility as well as proper
counseling.
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