Running head: MATERNAL, INFANT AND CHILD HEALTH 1
MATERNAL, INFANT AND CHILD HEALTH 9
Maternal, infant and child health
Name
Institution
Abstract
Maternal, infant health is very essential for the progress of any country since they form the pillar of our future generations. United States has made significant strides towards securing the maternal and child health through various initiatives and programs within the country and around the globe. Despite the existence of health care initiatives to promote maternal, infant and child health, maternal and infant mortalities are still recorded on a daily basis in the U.S. Risk factors to maternal, infant and child mortalities include poor and a lack of a antenatal care attendance, unskilled birth attendants,ce and childhood illnesses. More than a quarter of every single maternal mortality is because of postpartum hemorrhaginge, for the most part after labor.
Infant mortality is another prevalent case that contributes to the worsening situation in child and maternal health, because of untimely births represent more than a quarter of infant mortalities, trailed by mortalities during births and neonatal sepsis. Maternal and child health (MCH) programs concentrate on medical problems concerning related to mothers, children, and families – such as , for example, access to suitable pre-natal and child welfare services, baby mortality mitigation initiatives, emergency medical services, prevention of injuries, infant screening, and administrations to kidschildren children with unique health care needs. The United States is working to prevent maternal deaths, infant mortalities, and child mortalities, and to reduce the prevalence of these incidences. It calls for a multidisciplinary approach in order to eliminate this issue affecting the mothers and children. Reinforcing referral systems and linkages between various levels of hospital-based patient care, and between healthcare organizations providers and the general population, must be a top needpriority.
1- (the things in red is the corrections, if its underline means this is the correct world and if its cross off means you have to delete it)
2- ( the things in yellow you have to delete it and write the topic and the purpose of the paper and I will write it for you at the end of the first paragraph).
3- Change anything about child health and just focus on mortality maternal unless there is something related to the child health so then you can mention that.
4- Scoop of the problem
5- Associated factors
6- solutions
Maternal child and infant health
Enhancing the prosperity of mothers, newborn children, and young children is a vital public health objective for the United States and the entire globe. Their prosperity dictates the strength of the people in the future and can anticipate future public wellbeing challenges for fam ...
Maternal & Child Health Among Detroit Michigan’s Lower Socio.docxandreecapon
Maternal & Child Health Among Detroit Michigan’s Lower Socioeconomic Group
Delroy Barnett
Christina Bergman
Maria Victoria Blanton
Veverly Brooks
Jennifer Castro
Ashford University
HCA415- Public and Community Health
Instructor: Tynan Mara
April 6, 2015
1
Target Population
Detroit Michigan Population:688,701
Percent of White American: 10.6%
Percent of Black American: 82.7%
Percentage of Women: 52.7%
Pregnancy Related Deaths 36.6 per 100,000 births.
Pregnancy Associates Deaths 75 pre 100,000 births.
Pregnancy Related deaths - 50.8 per 100,000 births in African Americans.
-3rd highest in nation
As of 2010, Detroit Michigan has a total population of 688,701 people. Of the 688,701 people, 10.6 % are White American and 82.7% are Black American. The community of Detroit is dealing with a rising concern with maternal health and pregnancy related mortality rates. Of the total population, 52.7% (or 362,945) are women. The cause of mortality among maternal mothers is obstetric causes, medical, accidents, suicide, assaults, and other causes. Per year on average, 6 women die from pregnancy issues, this amount is three times higher than that of the national average. These high mortality rates are more common in African American women than other races. Pregnancy related deaths among African Americans is 50.8 per 100,000 live births. This makes Detroit Michigan the third highest city of pregnancy related mortality in the nation. The high mortality rates in Detroit are due to health conditions, poverty, and proper health care. These numbers show that it is dangerous for a pregnant women to live and give birth in Detroit.
2
Thesis Statement
Thesis
The health disparities among women and children in Detroit are some of the worst in the nation. “The maternal mortality rate for black mothers in 2002 was almost 25 deaths per 100,000 live births, compared to nearly 6 deaths per 100,000 live births among white mothers and more than 7 deaths…among Hispanic mothers” (National Institute of Health, 2006, p.x). That is nearly four times the national average. More focus needs to be placed on maternal and child health in low socio-economic areas of Detroit.
Factors & Causes
Over 40% of population is living in poverty
Chronic Diseases
Limited access/ quality of health care
Obstetric, Medical, Accidents leading cause
While normally a major health concern in less developed countries, maternal and child health in the United States has become a major concern. “Child mortality is highly preventable and can be reduced greatly through improvement of environmental conditions and hygiene levels, as well as increased parental compliance with immunizations for vaccine preventable diseases…Many of these deaths were caused by preventable or easily treatable condition or by malnutrition (WHO, 2012c; WHO, 2012a)” (Friis, Bell, & Philibert, 2013). Poverty is a detrimental impact on the maternal health of women in Detroit. With the me ...
Choice for women: have your say on a new plan to tackle reproductive, materna...DFID
More than a third of a million women die every year from complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Improving reproductive, maternal and newborn health in the developing world is a major priority for the UK Government. DFID is therefore developing a new business plan.
To inform the plan we are holding a 12 week consultation, which will close on 20 October 2010. We want to hear what people in the UK and around the world have to say on the subject of reproductive, maternal and newborn health. This will help us to understand different viewpoints, how these issues might vary in different countries, and how DFID could work better with partners.
If you want to discuss the consultation with colleagues, partners or users of services, we have created this presentation document to help you stimulate discussion. Once you have gathered responses submit your feedback online or use our template response document and email your comments.
To find out more visit http://www.dfid.gov.uk/choiceforwomen
HOSPITAL-AT-HOME (HOME CARE) FOR PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL(MATERNAL)CLizbethQuinonez813
HOSPITAL-AT-HOME (HOME CARE) FOR PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL(MATERNAL)CARE:AN ECONOMY OF TIME AND RESOURCE
Introduction- Women, Bedrock of Life and Human Living
The fore essence of health care system,ortheory of health,at any setting is to preserve, sustain life; and in the long run, perpetuate the existence of mankind by providing health care interventions on a continuous basis(Pellegrino, 1981).However, in appreciating the veracity of health care philosophies, that is preserving life; a great credence must be given to the main ‘bearer of life’ and the ‘process of life’itself- women and the fetus!
Natal care is the basic and foundation of life. Human lives started from thewombs of women; as afetus. In this regard, women are supreme they are the vehicle of procreation and regeneration of mankind.No woman; no life! The value of women and the unborn child in a nation or in any human society cannot be over emphasized. As a matter of fact women are the bedrock of life.
Looking at it from the ‘creation dimension of evolution theory’; the first man was lonely and unproductive until a created woman came into the picture of his life! Then, they started producing and bringing forth offspring to multiply the population of thehuman race. No wonder, religious scriptures, which are the arch references for creation postulations of the evolution theory; place adorable value on womanhood. To follow suite in this direction, nations of the world promulgate laws towards protecting women from domestic or societal abuse; in recognition of the fact that women are the carriers or nursery of life-mother of babies both born and unborn.]
In 1791, September 5, precisely,French authority made a popular declaration, for women and female citizens; which later came to be known worldwide as the declaration of ‘the Rights of Women or the Women Right’. In 1995, atthe fourth World Conference on Women, held in Beijing, UNO (United Nations Organization) made women-protective declarations known as the Beijing Declaration for Women. In our present modern times, women protective promulgations and frameworks have emerged and reemerged;and have been embraced by nations. However, global legislative and societal protections which the women folks have received over the years and history of mankind cannot be unconnected to recognizing the fact that, women are the life-bearers, mothers of the world, mothers of children both born and unborn(De Gouges, 1997; Otto, 1996).
Women and Natal Care: An Approach to Preservation of Life
No gainsaying the fact that women folks have enjoyed so many societal frameworks of protective interventions, in terms of women rights; which include, and not limited to, access to health care during and after pregnancy. Many countries of the world, considering the utmost value of awoman and the high value of maternal care, have always paid proactive attentions to women health; especially.Nations, spend billions of dollars in providing public health facilities an ...
Module IIIMaternal Health ______________________________________.docxmoirarandell
Module III
Maternal Health _______________________________________________
Introduction
In the Module we will explore maternal health paying particular attention to global disparities in the support and care mothers around the world get, the factors that promote such disparities, causes of maternal mortality and morbidity, the impact of reproductive patterns on the health of children, and mechanisms to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-and –middle income countries.
At the end of this Module you should be able to articulate the following:
Critical Skills
1. Explain the global trends in maternal health.
2. Identify the key players and they play in promoting maternal health.
3. Be able to identify the causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in the U.S and other countries, particularly developing nations.
4. Explain mechanisms used to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
5. Be familiar with at least two development organizations/NGOs and their work around maternal health.
Maternal Health at a Glance
Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. While most women look forward to motherhood (and their spouses to fatherhood), for too many women, motherhood is a torturous experience associated with suffering, ill-health and even death. It is estimated that about 800 women die from pregnancy- or childbirth-related complications around the world every day. Consider the following few facts about maternal health (WHO):
· Every day, approximately 800 women die from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth – about 287 000 women in 2010 alone. Most of them died due to preventable cause like not being able to access skilled routine and emergency care.
· The FOUR main maternal mortality causes are: severe bleeding, infections, unsafe abortion, and hypertensive disorders (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia). After delivery bleeding is very serious condition, if unattended, it can kill even a healthy woman within two hours.
· Of the more than 136 million women who give birth a year, about 20 million of them experience pregnancy-related illness after childbirth.
· About 16 million girls aged between 15 and 19 give birth each year, accounting for more than 10% of all births. Complications from pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death among girls 15-19 in developing nations.
· The state of maternal health mirrors the gap between the rich and the poor. Less than 1% of maternal deaths occur in high-income countries. The lifetime risk of dying from complications in childbirth or pregnancy for a woman in the developing world is an average of one in 150 compared to one in 3800 in developed countries. Of the 800 women who die every day,440 live in sub-Saharan Africa, 230 in Southern Asia and five in high-income countries.
· Most maternal deaths can be prevented through skilled care at childbirth and access to emergency obstetric c ...
Chapter 7Maternal, Infant, and Child HealthChapter ObjecJinElias52
Chapter 7
Maternal, Infant, and Child Health
Chapter Objectives (1 of 2)
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
Define maternal, infant, and child health.
Explain the importance of maternal, infant, and child health as indicators of a society’s health.
Define family planning and explain why it is important.
Identify consequences of teenage pregnancies.
Define legalized abortion and discuss Roe v. Wade and the pro-life and pro-choice movements.
Define maternal mortality rate.
Define preconception and prenatal care and the influence this has on pregnancy outcome.
List the major factors that contribute to infant health and mortality.
Chapter Objectives (2 of 2)
Explain the differences among infant mortality, neonatal mortality, and postneonatal mortality.
Identify the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality.
List the immunizations required for a 2-year-old child to be considered fully immunized.
Explain how health insurance and healthcare services affect childhood health.
Identify important governmental programs developed to improve maternal and child health.
Briefly explain what WIC programs are and who they serve.
Identify the major groups that are recognized as advocates for children.
Introduction
Using age-related profiles helps identify risks and target interventions
Infants <1 year
Children 1-9 years
Maternal, infant, and child health (MIC) encompasses health of women of childbearing age from pre-pregnancy through pregnancy, labor and delivery, and the postpartum period, and the health of the child prior to birth through adolescence
MIC Health (1 of 4)
MIC statistics are important indicators of effectiveness of disease prevention and health promotion services in a community
Decline in US MIC mortality in recent decades, but challenges remain
Significant racial disparities
Modified from: Mathews T.J., M.F. MacDorman, and M.E. Thoma. (2015). "Infant Mortality Statistics from the 2013 Period Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set." National Vital Statistics Reports, 64(9). Hyattsville, MD: National Centers for Health Statistics. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_09.pdf. Accessed December 5, 2015.
MIC Health (2 of 4)
Infant mortality rates, by race and Hispanic origin of mother; United States, 2005and 2013.
Data from: Child Trends DataBank (2015). “Infant, Child, and Teen Mortality.”Available at http://www.childtrends.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/63_Child_Mortality.pdf Accessed December 6, 2015.
MIC Health (3 of 4)
Death rates for infants (deaths per 100,000): selected years, 1980–2013.
Data from: Child Trends DataBank (2015). “Infant, Child, and Teen -Mortality.”Available at http://www.childtrends.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/63_Child_Mortality.pdf
MIC Health (4 of 4)
Death rates among children ages 5 to 14 by race and Hispanic origin: 1980–2013.
Family and Reproductive Health
Families are the primary unit in which infants and children are nurtured and suppo ...
When it comes to maternal healthcare, a lot of factors need to be taken into consideration. Another report reveals that the past decades have displayed a tremendous decline in the maternal mortality ratio
Maternal & Child Health Among Detroit Michigan’s Lower Socio.docxandreecapon
Maternal & Child Health Among Detroit Michigan’s Lower Socioeconomic Group
Delroy Barnett
Christina Bergman
Maria Victoria Blanton
Veverly Brooks
Jennifer Castro
Ashford University
HCA415- Public and Community Health
Instructor: Tynan Mara
April 6, 2015
1
Target Population
Detroit Michigan Population:688,701
Percent of White American: 10.6%
Percent of Black American: 82.7%
Percentage of Women: 52.7%
Pregnancy Related Deaths 36.6 per 100,000 births.
Pregnancy Associates Deaths 75 pre 100,000 births.
Pregnancy Related deaths - 50.8 per 100,000 births in African Americans.
-3rd highest in nation
As of 2010, Detroit Michigan has a total population of 688,701 people. Of the 688,701 people, 10.6 % are White American and 82.7% are Black American. The community of Detroit is dealing with a rising concern with maternal health and pregnancy related mortality rates. Of the total population, 52.7% (or 362,945) are women. The cause of mortality among maternal mothers is obstetric causes, medical, accidents, suicide, assaults, and other causes. Per year on average, 6 women die from pregnancy issues, this amount is three times higher than that of the national average. These high mortality rates are more common in African American women than other races. Pregnancy related deaths among African Americans is 50.8 per 100,000 live births. This makes Detroit Michigan the third highest city of pregnancy related mortality in the nation. The high mortality rates in Detroit are due to health conditions, poverty, and proper health care. These numbers show that it is dangerous for a pregnant women to live and give birth in Detroit.
2
Thesis Statement
Thesis
The health disparities among women and children in Detroit are some of the worst in the nation. “The maternal mortality rate for black mothers in 2002 was almost 25 deaths per 100,000 live births, compared to nearly 6 deaths per 100,000 live births among white mothers and more than 7 deaths…among Hispanic mothers” (National Institute of Health, 2006, p.x). That is nearly four times the national average. More focus needs to be placed on maternal and child health in low socio-economic areas of Detroit.
Factors & Causes
Over 40% of population is living in poverty
Chronic Diseases
Limited access/ quality of health care
Obstetric, Medical, Accidents leading cause
While normally a major health concern in less developed countries, maternal and child health in the United States has become a major concern. “Child mortality is highly preventable and can be reduced greatly through improvement of environmental conditions and hygiene levels, as well as increased parental compliance with immunizations for vaccine preventable diseases…Many of these deaths were caused by preventable or easily treatable condition or by malnutrition (WHO, 2012c; WHO, 2012a)” (Friis, Bell, & Philibert, 2013). Poverty is a detrimental impact on the maternal health of women in Detroit. With the me ...
Choice for women: have your say on a new plan to tackle reproductive, materna...DFID
More than a third of a million women die every year from complications during pregnancy and childbirth. Improving reproductive, maternal and newborn health in the developing world is a major priority for the UK Government. DFID is therefore developing a new business plan.
To inform the plan we are holding a 12 week consultation, which will close on 20 October 2010. We want to hear what people in the UK and around the world have to say on the subject of reproductive, maternal and newborn health. This will help us to understand different viewpoints, how these issues might vary in different countries, and how DFID could work better with partners.
If you want to discuss the consultation with colleagues, partners or users of services, we have created this presentation document to help you stimulate discussion. Once you have gathered responses submit your feedback online or use our template response document and email your comments.
To find out more visit http://www.dfid.gov.uk/choiceforwomen
HOSPITAL-AT-HOME (HOME CARE) FOR PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL(MATERNAL)CLizbethQuinonez813
HOSPITAL-AT-HOME (HOME CARE) FOR PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL(MATERNAL)CARE:AN ECONOMY OF TIME AND RESOURCE
Introduction- Women, Bedrock of Life and Human Living
The fore essence of health care system,ortheory of health,at any setting is to preserve, sustain life; and in the long run, perpetuate the existence of mankind by providing health care interventions on a continuous basis(Pellegrino, 1981).However, in appreciating the veracity of health care philosophies, that is preserving life; a great credence must be given to the main ‘bearer of life’ and the ‘process of life’itself- women and the fetus!
Natal care is the basic and foundation of life. Human lives started from thewombs of women; as afetus. In this regard, women are supreme they are the vehicle of procreation and regeneration of mankind.No woman; no life! The value of women and the unborn child in a nation or in any human society cannot be over emphasized. As a matter of fact women are the bedrock of life.
Looking at it from the ‘creation dimension of evolution theory’; the first man was lonely and unproductive until a created woman came into the picture of his life! Then, they started producing and bringing forth offspring to multiply the population of thehuman race. No wonder, religious scriptures, which are the arch references for creation postulations of the evolution theory; place adorable value on womanhood. To follow suite in this direction, nations of the world promulgate laws towards protecting women from domestic or societal abuse; in recognition of the fact that women are the carriers or nursery of life-mother of babies both born and unborn.]
In 1791, September 5, precisely,French authority made a popular declaration, for women and female citizens; which later came to be known worldwide as the declaration of ‘the Rights of Women or the Women Right’. In 1995, atthe fourth World Conference on Women, held in Beijing, UNO (United Nations Organization) made women-protective declarations known as the Beijing Declaration for Women. In our present modern times, women protective promulgations and frameworks have emerged and reemerged;and have been embraced by nations. However, global legislative and societal protections which the women folks have received over the years and history of mankind cannot be unconnected to recognizing the fact that, women are the life-bearers, mothers of the world, mothers of children both born and unborn(De Gouges, 1997; Otto, 1996).
Women and Natal Care: An Approach to Preservation of Life
No gainsaying the fact that women folks have enjoyed so many societal frameworks of protective interventions, in terms of women rights; which include, and not limited to, access to health care during and after pregnancy. Many countries of the world, considering the utmost value of awoman and the high value of maternal care, have always paid proactive attentions to women health; especially.Nations, spend billions of dollars in providing public health facilities an ...
Module IIIMaternal Health ______________________________________.docxmoirarandell
Module III
Maternal Health _______________________________________________
Introduction
In the Module we will explore maternal health paying particular attention to global disparities in the support and care mothers around the world get, the factors that promote such disparities, causes of maternal mortality and morbidity, the impact of reproductive patterns on the health of children, and mechanisms to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-and –middle income countries.
At the end of this Module you should be able to articulate the following:
Critical Skills
1. Explain the global trends in maternal health.
2. Identify the key players and they play in promoting maternal health.
3. Be able to identify the causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in the U.S and other countries, particularly developing nations.
4. Explain mechanisms used to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
5. Be familiar with at least two development organizations/NGOs and their work around maternal health.
Maternal Health at a Glance
Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. While most women look forward to motherhood (and their spouses to fatherhood), for too many women, motherhood is a torturous experience associated with suffering, ill-health and even death. It is estimated that about 800 women die from pregnancy- or childbirth-related complications around the world every day. Consider the following few facts about maternal health (WHO):
· Every day, approximately 800 women die from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth – about 287 000 women in 2010 alone. Most of them died due to preventable cause like not being able to access skilled routine and emergency care.
· The FOUR main maternal mortality causes are: severe bleeding, infections, unsafe abortion, and hypertensive disorders (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia). After delivery bleeding is very serious condition, if unattended, it can kill even a healthy woman within two hours.
· Of the more than 136 million women who give birth a year, about 20 million of them experience pregnancy-related illness after childbirth.
· About 16 million girls aged between 15 and 19 give birth each year, accounting for more than 10% of all births. Complications from pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death among girls 15-19 in developing nations.
· The state of maternal health mirrors the gap between the rich and the poor. Less than 1% of maternal deaths occur in high-income countries. The lifetime risk of dying from complications in childbirth or pregnancy for a woman in the developing world is an average of one in 150 compared to one in 3800 in developed countries. Of the 800 women who die every day,440 live in sub-Saharan Africa, 230 in Southern Asia and five in high-income countries.
· Most maternal deaths can be prevented through skilled care at childbirth and access to emergency obstetric c ...
Chapter 7Maternal, Infant, and Child HealthChapter ObjecJinElias52
Chapter 7
Maternal, Infant, and Child Health
Chapter Objectives (1 of 2)
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
Define maternal, infant, and child health.
Explain the importance of maternal, infant, and child health as indicators of a society’s health.
Define family planning and explain why it is important.
Identify consequences of teenage pregnancies.
Define legalized abortion and discuss Roe v. Wade and the pro-life and pro-choice movements.
Define maternal mortality rate.
Define preconception and prenatal care and the influence this has on pregnancy outcome.
List the major factors that contribute to infant health and mortality.
Chapter Objectives (2 of 2)
Explain the differences among infant mortality, neonatal mortality, and postneonatal mortality.
Identify the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality.
List the immunizations required for a 2-year-old child to be considered fully immunized.
Explain how health insurance and healthcare services affect childhood health.
Identify important governmental programs developed to improve maternal and child health.
Briefly explain what WIC programs are and who they serve.
Identify the major groups that are recognized as advocates for children.
Introduction
Using age-related profiles helps identify risks and target interventions
Infants <1 year
Children 1-9 years
Maternal, infant, and child health (MIC) encompasses health of women of childbearing age from pre-pregnancy through pregnancy, labor and delivery, and the postpartum period, and the health of the child prior to birth through adolescence
MIC Health (1 of 4)
MIC statistics are important indicators of effectiveness of disease prevention and health promotion services in a community
Decline in US MIC mortality in recent decades, but challenges remain
Significant racial disparities
Modified from: Mathews T.J., M.F. MacDorman, and M.E. Thoma. (2015). "Infant Mortality Statistics from the 2013 Period Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set." National Vital Statistics Reports, 64(9). Hyattsville, MD: National Centers for Health Statistics. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_09.pdf. Accessed December 5, 2015.
MIC Health (2 of 4)
Infant mortality rates, by race and Hispanic origin of mother; United States, 2005and 2013.
Data from: Child Trends DataBank (2015). “Infant, Child, and Teen Mortality.”Available at http://www.childtrends.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/63_Child_Mortality.pdf Accessed December 6, 2015.
MIC Health (3 of 4)
Death rates for infants (deaths per 100,000): selected years, 1980–2013.
Data from: Child Trends DataBank (2015). “Infant, Child, and Teen -Mortality.”Available at http://www.childtrends.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/63_Child_Mortality.pdf
MIC Health (4 of 4)
Death rates among children ages 5 to 14 by race and Hispanic origin: 1980–2013.
Family and Reproductive Health
Families are the primary unit in which infants and children are nurtured and suppo ...
When it comes to maternal healthcare, a lot of factors need to be taken into consideration. Another report reveals that the past decades have displayed a tremendous decline in the maternal mortality ratio
Kissito Healthcare Presient and CEO, Tom Clarke, met with OB-GYN professionsals from Carillion Hospital on September 30th to discuss Kissito's international child and maternal healthcare operations in Uganda and Ethiopia.
Understanding maternal and child healthcarecuretips24
When it comes to understanding maternal healthcare, a lot of factors need to be taken into consideration. Another report reveals that the past decades have displayed a tremendous decline in the maternal mortality ratio.
Definition and components of reproductive health?
Demographic trends and fertility determinants
Family planning
Impact of reproductive patterns on child health
Impact of reproductive patterns on women health
Mechanisms to reduce morbidity and mortality
CDade-GraduateIntern-IDPH-OWHFS-MaternalMortality-FinalReportChelsea Dade, MS
As a part of my contribution to Illinois’s Maternal Mortality review process, I was tasked to investigate the maternal mortality review committees, related literature, and other related reports of 26 states, plus Washington D.C. and Illinois. The goal of this project was to give my supervisors and IDPH staff an overview of what has worked, what isn’t working in terms of maternal mortality reduction recommendations in other states. In addition to including incidence rates, racial breakdowns, and other markers, I examined the methods that states used to present their maternal mortality data. The latter refers to graphics selections, terminology, and other creative considerations that might have been used to impact a reader’s connection and understanding of the issue in a state’s report.
It is important to acknowledge that not every state had an existing report. Furthermore, in my analysis I found that even for states with existing maternal mortality review committees, reports were not always readily accessible online. Moreover, every state with an existing review committee do not always have a list of recommendations. Therefore, the following summaries are a couple of examples from my complete 26 state analysis, featured on the states of Louisiana, North Carolina, New Jersey, and Ohio, as they were able to provide a direct list of official recommendations.
Case Study 1 Applying Theory to PracticeSocial scientists hav.docxcowinhelen
Case Study 1: Applying Theory to Practice
Social scientists have proposed a number of theories to explain juvenile delinquency. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses. For this assignment, go to the following Website, located at http://listverse.com/2011/05/14/top-10-young-killers/ and select one of the juvenile case studies.
After reading the case, select one (1) of the psychological theories discussed in Chapter 4 of the text.
Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you:
1. Summarize three (3) key aspects of the juvenile case study that you selected.
2. Highlight at least three (3) factors that you believe are important for one to understand the origins of the juvenile’s delinquent behavior.
3. Apply at least two (2) concepts from the theory that you chose from the text that would help explain the juvenile’s behavior.
4. Identify one (1) appropriate strategy geared toward preventing delinquency that is consistent with the theory you chose.
5. Use at least three (3) quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Discussion-
"The Changing Family System"
Using what you’ve learned this week, respond to the following prompts in your post:
· Explain at least two (2) roles that different parenting styles play in shaping the overall behavior of children. Next, indicate the significant impacts that each role has in contributing to delinquent behavior among juveniles.
· Think about the following question: Should juvenile delinquents be removed from their home and parent(s) and placed in a foster home or group home if the child continues to commit criminal acts after repeated attempts at treatment and confinement? Based on this question, discuss your thoughts on this subject. Provide support for your response.
Discussion-
"Exploring Monopolies and Oligopolies"
Watch this video, Oligopolies and Monopolistic Competition, to help you prepare for this week’s discussion.
Reply to these prompts by using the company for which you currently work, a business with which your familiar, or a dream business you want to start:
· With your selected business in mind, determine if it is competitive, monopolistic competitive, an oligopoly, or pure monopoly. Explain how you drew your conclusion about its market structure.
· How does the business/firm in this industry determine the price it will charge for the products or services it sells?
Discussion-
"Considering Tradeoffs You Make Every Day"
Let's talk about two tradeoffs we face every day: how we spend our time and money.
We can only do two things with income: spend it or save it. Time is the ultimate resource. We can choose to spend time working to earn an income or we can do other things, broadly classified as leisure. Reply to these prompts to start your discussion:
· How does a change in interest rate affect your decision to spend or save? How would a change in the interest rate affect a firm's decision to invest or save?
· How might an increas.
Case Study - Option 3 BarbaraBarbara is a 22 year old woman who h.docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Option 3: Barbara
Barbara is a 22 year old woman who has recently graduated from college with a psychology degree. She is currently working as a waitress at a popular restaurant near campus, and says she has always planned to attend law school. Barbara was born in a New Orleans, Louisiana. Her mother is an African American who is an assistant manager at a grocery store. Her father is Caucasian and works at a department store. Barbara reports that she was a shy, unattractive child, but that in general her early childhood was "pretty happy." Barbara says that during elementary school, she was constantly harassed by classmates about being of mixed race. Still, she says that she felt very close to her family during this period. She now insists that "I am not black or white, I am me."
Barbara is sexually active and engages in sexual activity with different men at least 1 time a week. Barbara indicates that she does not need protection because she is on the pill. She says she is simply too young to settle down. During her junior year of high school, Barbara had her first serious boyfriend, Morris, who was a high school classmate. She describes the relationship as warm and supportive and they became sexually active during her senior year of high school. They broke up soon after the first sexual interaction. In college, Barbara has dated and she acknowledges some bisexual experimentation. Barbara says that she prefers heterosexual relationships, however.
Although Barbara appears to be a natural athlete, she leads a relatively sedentary lifestyle. She does not exercise regularly and indicates that it is just not enjoyable.
Barbara does not like her job at the restaurant, but seems unwilling to look for other employment. She says that she feels "very jittery" whenever she gets ready for work, and she uses any excuse to take days off. She also refuses to associate with fellow employees, and reports getting very anxious when she was given a surprise birthday party. Recently, she has lost interest in cleaning her house and seldom cooks for herself. She also attends less to her personal grooming.
Diagnosis – Social Anxiety Disorder/Minor Depression
DSM-5 – Diagnostic Criteria for Social Anxiety Disorder
1. Fear or anxiety specific to social settings, in which a person feels noticed, observed, or scrutinized.
2. Typically the individual will fear that they will display their anxiety and experience social rejection,
3. Social interaction will consistently provoke distress,
4. Social interactions are either avoided, or painfully and reluctantly endured,
5. The fear and anxiety will be grossly disproportionate to the actual situation,
6. The fear, anxiety or other distress around social situations will persist for six months or longer and
7. Cause personal distress and impairment of functioning in one or more domains, such as interpersonal or occupational functioning,
8. The fear or anxiety cannot be attributed to a medical disorder, s.
Case Study - Cyberterrorism—A New RealityWhen hackers claiming .docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Cyberterrorism—A New Reality:
When hackers claiming to support the Syrian regime of Bashar Al-Assad attacked and disabled the website of Al Jazeera, the Qatar-based satellite news channel, in September 2012, the act was another act of hacktivism, purporting to promote a specific political agenda over another. Hacktivism has become a very visible form of expressing dissent. Even though there have been numerous incidents reported by the media, the first case of hacktivism was documented in 1989 when a member of the Cult of the Dead Cow hacker collective named Omega coined the term in 1996. However, hacktivism is not the only form of cyber protest and conflict that has everyone from ICT professionals to governments scrambling for solutions. Individuals, enterprises, and governments alike rely in many instances almost completely on network computing technologies, including cloud computing. The international and ever-evolving nature of the Internet along with inadequate law enforcement and the anonymity the global architecture offers creates opportunities for hackers to attack vulnerable nodes for personal, financial, or political gain.
The Internet is also rapidly becoming the political and advocacy platform of choice, bringing with it both positive and negative consequences. Increasingly sophisticated off-the-shelf technologies and easy access to the Internet are significantly increasing incidents of cyberterrorism, netwars, and cyberwarfare. The following are a few examples.
• According to The Israel Electric Company, Israel is attacked 1,000 times a minute by cyberterrorists targeting the country’s infrastructure—water, electricity, communications, and other services.• The New York Times, quoting military officials, said there was a seventeen-fold increase in cyberattacks targeting the US critical infrastructure between 2009 and 2011.• The 2010 Data Breach Investigations Report has data recording more than 900 instances of computer hacking and other data breaches in the past seven years, resulting in some 900 million compromised records. In 2012, the same study listed 855 breaches, resulting in 174 million compromised records in 2011 alone, up from 4 million in 2010.• Another study of 49 breaches in 2011 reported that the average organizational cost of a data breach (including detection, internal response, notification, post notification cost) was $5.5 million. This number was down from $7.2 million in 2010.14 The Telegraph (London) reported that “India blamed a new ‘cyber-jihad’ by Pakistani militant groups for the exodus of thousands of people from India’s north-eastern minorities from its main southern cities in August after text messages warning them to flee went viral.”
There have been recorded instances of nations allegedly engaging in cyberwarfare. The Center for the Study of Technology and Society has identified five methods by which cyberwarfare can be used as a means of military action. These include defacing or di.
Case Study - APA paper with min 4 page content Review the Blai.docxcowinhelen
Case Study - APA paper with min 4 page content
Review the
Blaine
case on the capital structure by understanding the case well enough to help the CEO make informed analysis and decisions on the issues listed in the second paragraph.
I want you to, of course, show me that you understand the situation but then to add the
.
Case Study - Global Mobile Corporation Damn it, .docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Global Mobile Corporation
“Damn it, he's done it again!”
Charlie Newburg had to get up and walk around his office, he was so frustrated. He had been
reviewing the most recent design, parts, and assembly specifications for Global Mobile's latest
smart phone (code named: Nonphixhun) that had been released for production the previous
Thursday. The files had just come back to Charlie's engineering services department with a
caustic note that began, “This one can't be produced, either…” It was the fourth time production
had returned the design.
Newburg, director of engineering for the Global Mobile Corporation, was normally a quiet
person. But the Nonphixhun project was stretching his patience; it was beginning to appear like
several other new products that had hit delays and problems in the transition from design to
production during the eight months Charlie had worked for Global Mobile. These problems were
nothing new at Global Mobile's Asian factory; Charlie's predecessor in the engineering job had
run afoul of them, too, and had finally been fired for protesting too vehemently about the other
departments. But the Nonphixhun phone should have been different. Charlie and the firm's
president, Hannah Hoover, had video-conferenced two months earlier (on July 3, 2006) with the
factory superintendent, Tyson Wang, to smooth the way for the new phone's design. He thought
back to the meeting …
• “Now, we all know there's a tight deadline on the Nonphixhun,” Hannah Hoover said, “and
Charlie's done well to ask us to talk about its introduction. I'm counting on both of you to find
any snags in the system, and to work together to get that first production run out by October
2. Can you do it?” “We can do it in production if we get a clean design two weeks from
now, as scheduled,” answered Tyson Wang, the factory manager. “Charlie and I have already
talked about that, of course. I've spoken with our circuit board and other parts suppliers and
scheduled assembly capacity, and we'll be ready. If the design goes over schedule, though, I'll
have to fill in with other runs, and it will cost us a bundle to break in for the Nonphixhun.
How does it look in engineering, Charlie?” “I've just reviewed the design for the second
time,” Charlie replied. “If Marianne Price can keep the salespeople out of our hair, and avoid
any more last minute changes, we've got a shot. I've pulled my technical support people off of
three other overdue jobs to get this one out. But, Tyson, that means we can't spring engineers
loose to confer with your production people on other manufacturing problems.” “Well
Charlie, most of those problems are caused by the engineers, and we need them to resolve the
difficulties. We've all agreed that production problems come from both of us bowing to sales
pressure, and putting equipment into production before the designs are really ready. That's
just wh.
Case Study #3Apple Suppliers & Labor PracticesWith its h.docxcowinhelen
Case Study #3
Apple Suppliers & Labor Practices
With its highly coveted line of consumer electronics, Apple has a cult following among loyal consumers. During the 2014 holiday season, 74.5 million iPhones were sold. Demand like this meant that Apple was in line to make over $52 billion in profits in 2015, the largest annual profit ever generated from a company’s operations. Despite its consistent financial performance year over year, Apple’s robust profit margin hides a more complicated set of business ethics. Similar to many products sold in the U.S., Apple does not manufacture most its goods domestically. Most of the component sourcing and factory production is done overseas in conditions that critics have argued are dangerous to workers and harmful to the environment.
For example, tin is a major component in Apple’s products and much of it is sourced in Indonesia. Although there are mines that source tin ethically, there are also many that do not. One study found workers—many of them children—working in unsafe conditions, digging tin out by hand in mines prone to landslides that could bury workers alive. About 70% of the tin used in electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets comes from these more dangerous, small-scale mines. An investigation by the BBC revealed how perilous these working conditions can be. In interviews with miners, a 12-yearold working at the bottom of a 70-foot cliff of sand said: “I worry about landslides. The earth slipping from up there to the bottom. It could happen.”
Apple defends its practices by saying it only has so much control over monitoring and regulating its component sources. The company justifies its sourcing practices by saying that it is a complex process, with tens of thousands of miners selling tin, many of them through middle-men. In a statement to the BBC, Apple said “the simplest course of action would be for Apple to unilaterally refuse any tin from Indonesian mines. That would be easy for us to do and would certainly shield us from criticism. But that would also be the lazy and cowardly path, since it would do nothing to improve the situation. We have chosen to stay engaged and attempt to drive changes on the ground.”
In an effort for greater transparency, Apple has released annual reports detailing their work with suppliers and labor practices. While more recent investigations have shown some improvements to suppliers’ working conditions, Apple continues to face criticism as consumer demand for iPhones and other products continues to grow.
Essay directions –
Students will have to identify and analyze the above ethical dilemma. Write a 750 – 1000 word, double-spaced paper, and APA style.
Students are expected to identify the key stakeholders, discussion of the implications of the ethical dilemma, and answer the case study questions. Each paper should have the following sections: • Introduction of the case• The ethical dilemma • Stakeholders • Questions • Conclusions • References .
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When it comes to understanding maternal healthcare, a lot of factors need to be taken into consideration. Another report reveals that the past decades have displayed a tremendous decline in the maternal mortality ratio.
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Demographic trends and fertility determinants
Family planning
Impact of reproductive patterns on child health
Impact of reproductive patterns on women health
Mechanisms to reduce morbidity and mortality
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As a part of my contribution to Illinois’s Maternal Mortality review process, I was tasked to investigate the maternal mortality review committees, related literature, and other related reports of 26 states, plus Washington D.C. and Illinois. The goal of this project was to give my supervisors and IDPH staff an overview of what has worked, what isn’t working in terms of maternal mortality reduction recommendations in other states. In addition to including incidence rates, racial breakdowns, and other markers, I examined the methods that states used to present their maternal mortality data. The latter refers to graphics selections, terminology, and other creative considerations that might have been used to impact a reader’s connection and understanding of the issue in a state’s report.
It is important to acknowledge that not every state had an existing report. Furthermore, in my analysis I found that even for states with existing maternal mortality review committees, reports were not always readily accessible online. Moreover, every state with an existing review committee do not always have a list of recommendations. Therefore, the following summaries are a couple of examples from my complete 26 state analysis, featured on the states of Louisiana, North Carolina, New Jersey, and Ohio, as they were able to provide a direct list of official recommendations.
Case Study 1 Applying Theory to PracticeSocial scientists hav.docxcowinhelen
Case Study 1: Applying Theory to Practice
Social scientists have proposed a number of theories to explain juvenile delinquency. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses. For this assignment, go to the following Website, located at http://listverse.com/2011/05/14/top-10-young-killers/ and select one of the juvenile case studies.
After reading the case, select one (1) of the psychological theories discussed in Chapter 4 of the text.
Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you:
1. Summarize three (3) key aspects of the juvenile case study that you selected.
2. Highlight at least three (3) factors that you believe are important for one to understand the origins of the juvenile’s delinquent behavior.
3. Apply at least two (2) concepts from the theory that you chose from the text that would help explain the juvenile’s behavior.
4. Identify one (1) appropriate strategy geared toward preventing delinquency that is consistent with the theory you chose.
5. Use at least three (3) quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Discussion-
"The Changing Family System"
Using what you’ve learned this week, respond to the following prompts in your post:
· Explain at least two (2) roles that different parenting styles play in shaping the overall behavior of children. Next, indicate the significant impacts that each role has in contributing to delinquent behavior among juveniles.
· Think about the following question: Should juvenile delinquents be removed from their home and parent(s) and placed in a foster home or group home if the child continues to commit criminal acts after repeated attempts at treatment and confinement? Based on this question, discuss your thoughts on this subject. Provide support for your response.
Discussion-
"Exploring Monopolies and Oligopolies"
Watch this video, Oligopolies and Monopolistic Competition, to help you prepare for this week’s discussion.
Reply to these prompts by using the company for which you currently work, a business with which your familiar, or a dream business you want to start:
· With your selected business in mind, determine if it is competitive, monopolistic competitive, an oligopoly, or pure monopoly. Explain how you drew your conclusion about its market structure.
· How does the business/firm in this industry determine the price it will charge for the products or services it sells?
Discussion-
"Considering Tradeoffs You Make Every Day"
Let's talk about two tradeoffs we face every day: how we spend our time and money.
We can only do two things with income: spend it or save it. Time is the ultimate resource. We can choose to spend time working to earn an income or we can do other things, broadly classified as leisure. Reply to these prompts to start your discussion:
· How does a change in interest rate affect your decision to spend or save? How would a change in the interest rate affect a firm's decision to invest or save?
· How might an increas.
Case Study - Option 3 BarbaraBarbara is a 22 year old woman who h.docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Option 3: Barbara
Barbara is a 22 year old woman who has recently graduated from college with a psychology degree. She is currently working as a waitress at a popular restaurant near campus, and says she has always planned to attend law school. Barbara was born in a New Orleans, Louisiana. Her mother is an African American who is an assistant manager at a grocery store. Her father is Caucasian and works at a department store. Barbara reports that she was a shy, unattractive child, but that in general her early childhood was "pretty happy." Barbara says that during elementary school, she was constantly harassed by classmates about being of mixed race. Still, she says that she felt very close to her family during this period. She now insists that "I am not black or white, I am me."
Barbara is sexually active and engages in sexual activity with different men at least 1 time a week. Barbara indicates that she does not need protection because she is on the pill. She says she is simply too young to settle down. During her junior year of high school, Barbara had her first serious boyfriend, Morris, who was a high school classmate. She describes the relationship as warm and supportive and they became sexually active during her senior year of high school. They broke up soon after the first sexual interaction. In college, Barbara has dated and she acknowledges some bisexual experimentation. Barbara says that she prefers heterosexual relationships, however.
Although Barbara appears to be a natural athlete, she leads a relatively sedentary lifestyle. She does not exercise regularly and indicates that it is just not enjoyable.
Barbara does not like her job at the restaurant, but seems unwilling to look for other employment. She says that she feels "very jittery" whenever she gets ready for work, and she uses any excuse to take days off. She also refuses to associate with fellow employees, and reports getting very anxious when she was given a surprise birthday party. Recently, she has lost interest in cleaning her house and seldom cooks for herself. She also attends less to her personal grooming.
Diagnosis – Social Anxiety Disorder/Minor Depression
DSM-5 – Diagnostic Criteria for Social Anxiety Disorder
1. Fear or anxiety specific to social settings, in which a person feels noticed, observed, or scrutinized.
2. Typically the individual will fear that they will display their anxiety and experience social rejection,
3. Social interaction will consistently provoke distress,
4. Social interactions are either avoided, or painfully and reluctantly endured,
5. The fear and anxiety will be grossly disproportionate to the actual situation,
6. The fear, anxiety or other distress around social situations will persist for six months or longer and
7. Cause personal distress and impairment of functioning in one or more domains, such as interpersonal or occupational functioning,
8. The fear or anxiety cannot be attributed to a medical disorder, s.
Case Study - Cyberterrorism—A New RealityWhen hackers claiming .docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Cyberterrorism—A New Reality:
When hackers claiming to support the Syrian regime of Bashar Al-Assad attacked and disabled the website of Al Jazeera, the Qatar-based satellite news channel, in September 2012, the act was another act of hacktivism, purporting to promote a specific political agenda over another. Hacktivism has become a very visible form of expressing dissent. Even though there have been numerous incidents reported by the media, the first case of hacktivism was documented in 1989 when a member of the Cult of the Dead Cow hacker collective named Omega coined the term in 1996. However, hacktivism is not the only form of cyber protest and conflict that has everyone from ICT professionals to governments scrambling for solutions. Individuals, enterprises, and governments alike rely in many instances almost completely on network computing technologies, including cloud computing. The international and ever-evolving nature of the Internet along with inadequate law enforcement and the anonymity the global architecture offers creates opportunities for hackers to attack vulnerable nodes for personal, financial, or political gain.
The Internet is also rapidly becoming the political and advocacy platform of choice, bringing with it both positive and negative consequences. Increasingly sophisticated off-the-shelf technologies and easy access to the Internet are significantly increasing incidents of cyberterrorism, netwars, and cyberwarfare. The following are a few examples.
• According to The Israel Electric Company, Israel is attacked 1,000 times a minute by cyberterrorists targeting the country’s infrastructure—water, electricity, communications, and other services.• The New York Times, quoting military officials, said there was a seventeen-fold increase in cyberattacks targeting the US critical infrastructure between 2009 and 2011.• The 2010 Data Breach Investigations Report has data recording more than 900 instances of computer hacking and other data breaches in the past seven years, resulting in some 900 million compromised records. In 2012, the same study listed 855 breaches, resulting in 174 million compromised records in 2011 alone, up from 4 million in 2010.• Another study of 49 breaches in 2011 reported that the average organizational cost of a data breach (including detection, internal response, notification, post notification cost) was $5.5 million. This number was down from $7.2 million in 2010.14 The Telegraph (London) reported that “India blamed a new ‘cyber-jihad’ by Pakistani militant groups for the exodus of thousands of people from India’s north-eastern minorities from its main southern cities in August after text messages warning them to flee went viral.”
There have been recorded instances of nations allegedly engaging in cyberwarfare. The Center for the Study of Technology and Society has identified five methods by which cyberwarfare can be used as a means of military action. These include defacing or di.
Case Study - APA paper with min 4 page content Review the Blai.docxcowinhelen
Case Study - APA paper with min 4 page content
Review the
Blaine
case on the capital structure by understanding the case well enough to help the CEO make informed analysis and decisions on the issues listed in the second paragraph.
I want you to, of course, show me that you understand the situation but then to add the
.
Case Study - Global Mobile Corporation Damn it, .docxcowinhelen
Case Study - Global Mobile Corporation
“Damn it, he's done it again!”
Charlie Newburg had to get up and walk around his office, he was so frustrated. He had been
reviewing the most recent design, parts, and assembly specifications for Global Mobile's latest
smart phone (code named: Nonphixhun) that had been released for production the previous
Thursday. The files had just come back to Charlie's engineering services department with a
caustic note that began, “This one can't be produced, either…” It was the fourth time production
had returned the design.
Newburg, director of engineering for the Global Mobile Corporation, was normally a quiet
person. But the Nonphixhun project was stretching his patience; it was beginning to appear like
several other new products that had hit delays and problems in the transition from design to
production during the eight months Charlie had worked for Global Mobile. These problems were
nothing new at Global Mobile's Asian factory; Charlie's predecessor in the engineering job had
run afoul of them, too, and had finally been fired for protesting too vehemently about the other
departments. But the Nonphixhun phone should have been different. Charlie and the firm's
president, Hannah Hoover, had video-conferenced two months earlier (on July 3, 2006) with the
factory superintendent, Tyson Wang, to smooth the way for the new phone's design. He thought
back to the meeting …
• “Now, we all know there's a tight deadline on the Nonphixhun,” Hannah Hoover said, “and
Charlie's done well to ask us to talk about its introduction. I'm counting on both of you to find
any snags in the system, and to work together to get that first production run out by October
2. Can you do it?” “We can do it in production if we get a clean design two weeks from
now, as scheduled,” answered Tyson Wang, the factory manager. “Charlie and I have already
talked about that, of course. I've spoken with our circuit board and other parts suppliers and
scheduled assembly capacity, and we'll be ready. If the design goes over schedule, though, I'll
have to fill in with other runs, and it will cost us a bundle to break in for the Nonphixhun.
How does it look in engineering, Charlie?” “I've just reviewed the design for the second
time,” Charlie replied. “If Marianne Price can keep the salespeople out of our hair, and avoid
any more last minute changes, we've got a shot. I've pulled my technical support people off of
three other overdue jobs to get this one out. But, Tyson, that means we can't spring engineers
loose to confer with your production people on other manufacturing problems.” “Well
Charlie, most of those problems are caused by the engineers, and we need them to resolve the
difficulties. We've all agreed that production problems come from both of us bowing to sales
pressure, and putting equipment into production before the designs are really ready. That's
just wh.
Case Study #3Apple Suppliers & Labor PracticesWith its h.docxcowinhelen
Case Study #3
Apple Suppliers & Labor Practices
With its highly coveted line of consumer electronics, Apple has a cult following among loyal consumers. During the 2014 holiday season, 74.5 million iPhones were sold. Demand like this meant that Apple was in line to make over $52 billion in profits in 2015, the largest annual profit ever generated from a company’s operations. Despite its consistent financial performance year over year, Apple’s robust profit margin hides a more complicated set of business ethics. Similar to many products sold in the U.S., Apple does not manufacture most its goods domestically. Most of the component sourcing and factory production is done overseas in conditions that critics have argued are dangerous to workers and harmful to the environment.
For example, tin is a major component in Apple’s products and much of it is sourced in Indonesia. Although there are mines that source tin ethically, there are also many that do not. One study found workers—many of them children—working in unsafe conditions, digging tin out by hand in mines prone to landslides that could bury workers alive. About 70% of the tin used in electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets comes from these more dangerous, small-scale mines. An investigation by the BBC revealed how perilous these working conditions can be. In interviews with miners, a 12-yearold working at the bottom of a 70-foot cliff of sand said: “I worry about landslides. The earth slipping from up there to the bottom. It could happen.”
Apple defends its practices by saying it only has so much control over monitoring and regulating its component sources. The company justifies its sourcing practices by saying that it is a complex process, with tens of thousands of miners selling tin, many of them through middle-men. In a statement to the BBC, Apple said “the simplest course of action would be for Apple to unilaterally refuse any tin from Indonesian mines. That would be easy for us to do and would certainly shield us from criticism. But that would also be the lazy and cowardly path, since it would do nothing to improve the situation. We have chosen to stay engaged and attempt to drive changes on the ground.”
In an effort for greater transparency, Apple has released annual reports detailing their work with suppliers and labor practices. While more recent investigations have shown some improvements to suppliers’ working conditions, Apple continues to face criticism as consumer demand for iPhones and other products continues to grow.
Essay directions –
Students will have to identify and analyze the above ethical dilemma. Write a 750 – 1000 word, double-spaced paper, and APA style.
Students are expected to identify the key stakeholders, discussion of the implications of the ethical dilemma, and answer the case study questions. Each paper should have the following sections: • Introduction of the case• The ethical dilemma • Stakeholders • Questions • Conclusions • References .
CASE STUDY (Individual) Scotland In terms of its physical l.docxcowinhelen
CASE STUDY (Individual): Scotland
* In terms of its physical landscape, where is the region that is experiencing a devolutionary process located and what type of climate is prevalent? (use Figure 2.5 and 2.4 of the textbook).
* According to the sources you have consulted, do these physical/natural characteristics have played any role in the historical background for this devolutionary process? How?
* How do the people that inhabit the region you are studying speak about their relationship to the land and the environment? Do they express any ideas on biodiversity conservation?
* Do they say anything about their homeland? If the region you are studying has a website (official or not), what role do maps play on their web site/s?
* Is this region located close to or far from the center of power of the country (the national capital city)?
* Does this condition have any impact on the reasons why they would like to gain at-least more autonomy to make their own decisions?
* According to the source/s you have consulted, what are the main reason/s why this population would like to break-up from the country in which they live in?
Do this/these source/s mention any explanation/s based on cultural or ethnic characteristics? For example, speaking a different language? Which one? Professing a different religion? Which one? Economic disparities
.
Case Study #2 T.D. enjoys caring for the children and young peop.docxcowinhelen
Case Study #2
T.D. enjoys caring for the children and young people in the schools where she works, but sometimes she is faced with tough situations such as suspected child abuse and neglect, teen pregnancy, and alcohol and drug use among teenagers. She works hard to ensure that the children in her schools receive the best care possible.
Question:
Several third graders reports having received no breakfast at home for more than a week. T.D. is exercising Advocacy for the students under her care. What type of actions she might be doing to exercise advocacy for the students?
Discuss this:
Moral distress is a frequent situation where health care providers should face. Please define and discuss a personal experience where you have faced Moral distress in your practice.
Discuss how health promotion relates to morality.
Discuss your insights about your own communication strengths and weaknesses. Identify situations in which it may be difficult for you to establish or terminate a therapeutic relationship.
*
formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.
.
CASE STUDY #2 Chief Complaint I have pain in my belly”.docxcowinhelen
CASE STUDY #2
Chief Complaint:
“I have pain in my belly”
History of Present Illness (HPI):
A 25-year-old female presents to the emergency room (ER) with complaints of severe abdominal pain for 2 weeks . The pain is sharp and crampy It hurts if I run, sit down hard, or if I have sex
PMH:
Patient denies
Drug Hx:
Birth control
Allergies:
NKA
Subjective:
Nausea and vomiting, Last menstrual period 5 days ago, New sexual partner about 2 months ago, No condoms, he hates them No pain, blood or difficulty with urination
Objective Data:
PE:
B/P 138/90; temperature 99°F; (RR) 20; (HR) 110, regular; oxygen saturation (PO2) 96%; pain 5/10
General:
acute distress and severe pain
HEENT:
Atraumatic, normocephalic, PERRLA, EOMI, conjunctiva and sclera clear; nares patent, nasopharynx clear, good dentition. Piercing in her right nostril and lower lip.
Lungs:
CTA AP&L
Card:
S1S2 without rub or gallop
Abd:
INSPECTION: no masses or thrills noted; no discoloration and skin is warm to; no tattoos or piercings; abdomen is nondistended and round
• AUSCULTATION: bowel sounds (BS) are normal in all four quadrants, no bruits noted
• PALPATION: on palpation, abdomen is tender to touch in four quadrants; tenderness noted on light palpation, deep palpation reveals no masses, spleen and liver unremarkable
• PERCUSSION: tympany heard in all quadrants, no dullness noted in abdominal area
GU:
• EXTERNAL: mature hair distribution; no external lesions on labia
• INTROITUS: slight green-gray discharge, no lesions
• VAGINAL: normal rugae; moderate amount of green discharge on vaginal walls
• CERVIX: nulliparous os with small amount of purulent discharge from os with positive cervical motion tenderness (CMT)
• UTERUS: ante-flexed, normal size, shape, and position
• ADNEXA: bilateral tenderness with fullness; both ovaries without masses
• RECTAL: deferred
• VAGINAL DISCHARGE: green in color
Ext:
no cyanosis, clubbing or edema
Integument:
intact without lesions masses or rashes
Neuro:
No obvious deficits and CN grossly intact II-XII
Then answer the following questions:
What other subjective data would you obtain?
What other objective findings would you look for?
What diagnostic exams do you want to order?
Name 3 differential diagnoses based on this patient presenting symptoms?
Give rationales for your each differential diagnosis.
-
Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.
.
Case Study #1Jennifer is a 29-year-old administrative assistan.docxcowinhelen
Case Study #1
Jennifer is a 29-year-old administrative assistant married to Antonio, an Italian engineer, whom Jennifer met four years earlier while on a business trip for her marketing company. The couple now lives in Nebraska, where Antonio works for the county's transportation department and Jennifer commutes an hour each way to her marketing office. They have been trying to start a family for over a year. Eight months ago, Jennifer miscarried in her second month of pregnancy. Antonio's parents love Jennifer and often ask her if she is expecting again, hoping to encourage her to focus on her next baby. Jennifer's mother passed away two years ago and her father's health is rapidly deteriorating. Jennifer faces the probability of placing her father in a skilled nursing care facility within the next few months, against his wishes.
At work, Jennifer runs a tight ship. She is organized and prepares lists to assure that everything is done according to schedule. Everyone counts on Jennifer and she takes pride in never letting people down.
Jennifer has visited her physician numerous times in the last six months, complaining of headaches, backaches, and indigestion. Jennifer insists that she is happy and is not feeling stressed, yet she finds herself making more mistakes at work, unable to keep up with housework, and feeling tired and overwhelmed; she has begun to question her effectiveness as an employee, wife, daughter, and potential mother. Her pains seem to be increasing, but her doctor cannot find a physical cause for her discomfort.
Case Study #2
Michael is a 40-year-old airline pilot who has recently begun to experience chest pains. The chest pains began when Michael signed his final divorce papers, ending his 15-year marriage. He fought for joint custody of his two children, ages 12 and 10, but although he wants to be with them more frequently, he only sees them every two weeks. This schedule is, in great part, a result of his employer's announcement that budget constraints would result in layoffs. Michael worries that without his job he will be unable to support his children and lose the new townhouse that he purchased. Michael's chest pains are becoming more frequent and he fears that he may be dying.
Review case studies 1 and 2.
Choose one case study.
Complete the following questions in 150 to 200 words each. Be as detailed as possible and use the information you have learned throughout this course.
• What are the causes of stress in Michael’s or Jennifer’s life? How is stress affecting Michael’s or Jennifer’s health?
• How are these stressors affecting Michael’s or Jennifer’s self-concept and self-esteem?
• How might Michael’s or Jennifer’s situation illustrate adjustment? How might this situation become an opportunity for personal growth?
• What defensive coping methods is Michael or Jennifer using? What active coping methods might be healthier for Michael or Jennifer to use? Explain why you would recom.
Case Study # 2 –Danny’s Unhappy DutyEmployee ProfilesCaro.docxcowinhelen
Case Study # 2 –Danny’s Unhappy Duty
Employee Profiles
:
Carol Brown, Danny Winthrop, Thomas Fletcher
Carol, the Department Secretary for Purchasing and General Stores, has been
working at St. Louis Memorial Hospital for sixteen years, four of which have
been for the present Manager, Dan Winthrop. Carol likes her Boss, who gives
his employees more leeway than most. Carol’s main interests are her work and
her home—traits also typical of the other people who work in the Department.
Carol feels she is part of a close, cooperative group of employees.
Dan, or Danny, as he likes to be called, arrived at St. Louis Memorial four years
ago as a replacement for a Department manager who had been at the Hospital
for a number of years. Danny’s predecessor, Bill Taylor, was very strict in
everything from insisting that employees take exactly one-half hour for lunch
breaks to not having a coffee pot in the Department. When Danny came on
board as a Department Manager, his management style was much less strict.
The result was that Danny’s employees were much happier, and began to meet
and exceed expectations in getting their work done. St. Louis Memorial’s
previous CEO was a good friend and frequently complimented Danny on his
efficient and effective staff. Now a new CEO, Thomas Fletcher, has been hired
by the Hospital’s Board of Directors. Things are about to change.
Thomas Fletcher, new CEO and a recent graduate from a superior school of
hospital management, has always believed in “doing things by the book”.
Thomas originally had wanted to become a doctor, but decided two years into
the process that it was going to take him too long, and that he would be better
off becoming an administrator. He likes the idea of being an administrator,
and wants to be a good one. He has decided to start out his career at St. Louis
Memorial, of the smaller hospitals in the St. Louis area, but hopes to progress to a
a much larger facility in about four years, once he develops a track record at
St. Louis Memorial.
The Challenge: Communication, Criticism and Discipline, Leadership, Motivation,
Rules and Policies
Danny knows his employees quite well. They are generally a happy, cohesive, and cooperative group. They joke around a lot among themselves, but get the work done more than satisfactorily. All of them seem to give a
gr.
Case Study – Multicultural ParadeRead the Case below, and answe.docxcowinhelen
Case Study – Multicultural Parade
Read the Case below, and answer the following questions:
(No references needed, 2 pages double space, label the answer without copying the question in the paper)
1. What images come to mind when you hear the term “costume”? In what ways might it be considered demeaning?
2. Often people conflate “culture,” “ethnicity,” “heritage,” “race,” and “nationality,” or use them interchangeably. How are these concepts different from one another? Is a “Multicultural Day” different than an “International Day”?
3. How is Ms. Morrison’s definition of “cultural clothing” different from her definition of “ethnic heritage”? Did her explanation clarify things for Keisha and Emily?
4. How might activities that require students to share part of their ethnic heritage alienate students or contribute to students’ and teachers’ existing stereotypes and biases?
5. Connect to 3 of the core themes:
(Equity in Education/ Theories of Learning, Culture, and Identity/ Teaching and Learning in a Multicultural Society/ Research and Educational Knowledge )
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Case Study:
In an effort to celebrate the growing racial and ethnic diversity at Eastern School, the school’s Diversity Committee decided to sponsor Multicultural Day. Numerous performers were hired for assemblies and presentations. During the day’s feature event, the “Culture Parade,” students were asked to showcase cultural clothing as they walked through the hallways. Teachers were encouraged by the committee to discuss clothing from countries outside the United States and to invite students who had such clothing to bring it to school for the parade.
Ms. Morrison was excited about Multicultural Day because many of her students had parents who were immigrants. She imagined the day as an opportunity for those students to teach others about their cultures.
A week before the event, Ms. Morrison brought a kilt to class and explained its significance to the students. “This represents my Scottish heritage,” she said, “and I am proud to show it to you today.” She then asked whether students had “special costumes” at home that represented their cultures. Several students raised their hands, which prompted Ms. Morrison to discuss the events planned for Multicultural Day, including the parade.
During dismissal the day before the parade Ms. Morrison announced, “Don’t forget to bring your costumes to class tomorrow!”
The next day, Ms. Morrison was pleased to see several Hmong and Liberian students came with bags of clothing. She saw that two other students, Emily and Keisha, brought clothing, so she inquired about what was in their bags. Emily, a white student excitedly pulled out her soccer uniform, and Keisha, an African American student, pulled jeans and her favorite sweatshirt out of her bag. Ms. Morrison told the two girls she appreciated the.
Case Study THE INVISIBLE SPONSOR1BackgroundSome execut.docxcowinhelen
Case Study : THE INVISIBLE SPONSOR1
Background
Some executives prefer to micromanage projects whereas other executives
are fearful of making a decision because, if they were to make the wrong
decision, it could impact their career. In this case study, the president of the company assigned one of the vice presidents to act as the project sponsor on a project designed to build tooling for a client. The sponsor, however, was reluctant to make any decisions.
Assigning the VP
Moreland Company was well-respected as a tooling design-and-build
company. Moreland was project-driven because all of its income came
from projects. Moreland was also reasonably mature in project management.
When the previous VP for engineering retired, Moreland hired an executive from a manufacturing company to replace him. The new VP for engineering, Al Zink, had excellent engineering knowledge about tooling but had worked for companies that were not project-driven. Al had very little knowledge about project management and had never functioned as a project sponsor. Because of Al’s lack of experience as a sponsor, the president decided that Al should “get his feet wet” as quickly as possible and assigned him as the project sponsor on a mediumsized project. The project manager on this project was Fred Cutler. Fred was an engineer with more than twenty years of experience in tooling design and manufacturing. Fred reported directly to Al Zink administratively.
Fred's Dilemma
Fred understood the situation; he would have to train Al Zink on how to
function as a project sponsor. This was a new experience for Fred because subordinates usually do not train senior personnel on how to do their job. Would Al Zink be receptive?
Fred explained the role of the sponsor and how there are certain project documents that require the signatures of both the project manager and the project sponsor. Everything seemed to be going well until Fred informed Al that the project sponsor is the person that the president eventually holds accountable for the success or failure of the project. Fred could tell that Al was
quite upset over this statement.
Al realized that the failure of a project where he was the sponsor could damage his reputation and career. Al was now uncomfortable about having to act as a sponsor but knew that he might eventually be assigned as a sponsor on other projects. Al also knew that this project was somewhat of a high risk. If Al could function as an invisible sponsor, he could avoid making any critical decisions.
In the first meeting between Fred and Al where Al was the sponsor, Al asked Fred for a copy of the schedule for the project. Fred responded: I’m working on the schedule right now. I cannot finish the schedule until you tell me whether you want me to lay out the schedule based upon best time, least cost, or least risk.
Al stated that he would think about it and get back to Fred as soon as possible.
During the middle of the next week, Fred and Al m.
CASE STUDY Experiential training encourages changes in work beha.docxcowinhelen
CASE STUDY: Experiential training encourages changes in work behavior and growth in one’s abilities, which is accomplished through a multitude of methods. Experiential training has proven to be cost-effective while motivating employees as well as improving self-awareness, personal accountability, teamwork skills, and communication skills (Ritchie, 2011). Additionally, the training methods provide trainees with direct experience, the opportunity to reflect on that experience, and share models to help trainees to deduce using both present and past experience, while accommodating learning styles and strengths (Ritchie, 2011). Valkanos and Fragoulis identify several reasons why experiential training provides value:
1. Ongoing advances in technology requiring changes in knowledge, skills, and abilities
2. Divergence between theory and practice
3. Mergers and acquisitions of enterprises which tend to bring new jobs, organizational culture, and work content
4. Constant environment of change, from working conditions to processes and procedures relating to organizational issues, quality, and new products or services, and requiring new competencies, duties, or work content (Valkanos & Fragoulis, 2007, p. 22).
Method
Description
On-the-job Training
Receives instructions on the functions of their job in their assigned workplace.
Simulators
Teaches employees on how to operate equipment in a given context
Role Playing
Developing interpersonal and business skills, such as decision-making, communication, conflict resolution, and solving complex problems.
Case Study
Develops critical thinking skills to include analytical, higher-level skills, and exploring and resolving complex problems.
Games
Develops general business and organizational principles addressing application in a variety of situations.
Behavior Modeling
Used when learning goals are a rule and inflexible procedures. Provides skills and practice to modify and model behavior.
In-basket Techniques
A variety of items placed in an envelope that reflects what might be found in an inbox. This activity is used to assist trainees in developing and applying their strategic and operational skills.
(Blanchard & Thacker, 2013, pp. 222-223)
References:
· Blanchard, P. N., & Thacker, J. W. (2013). Effective training: Systems, strategies, and practices (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
· Valkanos, E., & Fragoulis, I. (2007). Experiential learning – its place in in‐house education and training. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 21(5), 21-23. doi:10.1108/14777280710779454
Discussion Question--Choose one perspective in which to respond.
Non-HR Perspective: Your department is not meeting performance expectations. What steps do you take to resolve the issue? Is training a possible solution; if so, which of the above training methods would be the most effective in addressing the issue? Would you, at any point, involve HR--if so, at what point and why?.
Case Study Hereditary AngioedemaAll responses must be in your .docxcowinhelen
Case Study: Hereditary Angioedema
All responses must be in your own words. Answers that have been copied and pasted will not receive credit.
1. Translate “angioedema”. [Note: I am not looking for a description of the disorder. Rather, I would like you to translate the medical term itself.]
2. The complement system is described as a ‘cascade system’. How does the system fit into this description of being a cascade? [Suggestion: Google the definition of cascade, then think about the complement system in light of the definition]
3. Is complement involved in the innate, or the adaptive immune system, or both? Please explain you answer.
4. What role does C1INH play in the complement system? Why is it so important?
5. What was the physiologic cause of Richard’s abdominal pain?
6. How can one distinguish the swelling of HAE from the swelling of allergic angioedema?
7. What is bradykinin’s role in HA?
8. Do you think Richard’s infancy colic was related to his HA? No need to research this. Just use your intuition. Explain your thinking.
9. What is typically used to treat attacks of HAE?
10. Swelling in the extremities is not dangerous. What other areas of the body are subject to swelling? What is the most dangerous location for swelling to occur and why is it the most dangerous?
2018
BUS 308 Week 2 Lecture 1
Examining Differences - overview
Expected Outcomes
After reading this lecture, the student should be familiar with:
1. The importance of random sampling.
2. The meaning of statistical significance.
3. The basic approach to determining statistical significance.
4. The meaning of the null and alternate hypothesis statements.
5. The hypothesis testing process.
6. The purpose of the F-test and the T-test.
Overview
Last week we collected clues and evidence to help us answer our case question about
males and females getting equal pay for equal work. As we looked at the clues presented by the
salary and comp-ratio measures of pay, things got a bit confusing with results that did not see to
be consistent. We found, among other things, that the male and female compa-ratios were fairly
close together with the female mean being slightly larger. The salary analysis showed a different
view; here we noticed that the averages were apparently quite different with the males, on
average, earning more. Contradictory findings such as this are not all that uncommon when
examining data in the “real world.”
One issue that we could not fully address last week was how meaningful were the
differences? That is, would a different sample have results that might be completely different, or
can we be fairly sure that the observed differences are real and show up in the population as
well? This issue, often referred to as sampling error, deals with the fact that random samples
taken from a population will generally be a bit different than the actual population parameters,
but will be “close” enough to the actual.
case studieson Gentrification and Displacement in the Sa.docxcowinhelen
case studies
on Gentrification and Displacement
in the San Francisco Bay Area
Authors:
Miriam Zuk and Karen Chapple
Chapter 3: Nicole Montojo
Chapter 4: Sydney Cespedes, Mitchell Crispell, Christina Blackston, Jonathan Plowman, and
Edward Graves
Chapter 5: Logan Rockefeller Harris, Mitchell Crispell, Fern Uennatornwaranggoon, and Hannah Clark
Chapter 6: Nicole Montojo and Beki McElvain
Chapter 7: Celina Chan, Viviana Lopez, Sydney Céspedes, and Nicole Montojo
Chapter 8: Alexander Kowalski, Julia Ehrman, Mitchell Crispell and Fern Uennatornwaranggoon
Chapter 9: Mitchell Crispell
Chapter 10: Logan Rockefeller Harris and Sydney Cespedes
Chapter 11: Mitchell Crispell
Partner Organizations:
Causa Justa :: Just Cause, Chinatown Community Development Center, Marin Grassroots, Monument
Impact, People Organizing to Demand Environmental & Economic Rights (PODER), San Francisco
Organizing Project / Peninsula Interfaith Action , Working Partnerships USA
Acknowledgements:
Research support was provided by Maura Baldiga, Julian Collins, Mitchell Crispell, Julia Ehrman, Alex
Kowalski, Jenn Liu, Beki McElvain, Carlos Recarte, Maira Sanchez, Mar Velez, David Von Stroh, and
Teo Wickland. Report layout and design was done by Somaya Abdelgany.
Additional advisory support was provided by Carlos Romero. This case study was funded in part by
the Regional Prosperity Plan1 of the Metropolitan Transportation Commission as part of the “Regional
Early Warning System for Displacement” project and from the California Air Resources Board2 as part
of the project “Developing a New Methodology for Analyzing Potential Displacement.”
The Center for Community Innovation (CCI) at UC-Berkeley nurtures effective solutions that expand
economic opportunity, diversify housing options, and strengthen connection to place. The Center
builds the capacity of nonprofits and government by convening practitioner leaders, providing techni-
cal assistance and student interns, interpreting academic research, and developing new research out
of practitioner needs.
communityinnovation.berkeley.edu
July 2015
Cover Photographs: Robert Campbell, Ricardo Sanchez, David Monniaux, sanmateorealestateonline.com/Redwood-City, marinretail-
buzz.blogspot.com, trulia.com/homes/California/Oakland , bloomingrock.com, sharks.nhl.com/club/gallery, panoramio.com
1 The work that provided the basis for this publication was supported by funding under an award with the U.S. Department of Hous-
ing and Urban Development. The substance and findings of the work are dedicated to the public. The author and publisher are solely
responsible for the accuracy of the statements and interpretations contained in this publication. Such interpretations do not neces-
sarily reflect the views of the Government.
2 The statements and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the California Air Resources
Board. The mention of commercial products, their source, or their u.
Case Studt on KFC Introduction1) Identify the type of .docxcowinhelen
Case Studt on KFC
Introduction
1) Identify the type of business organization and strategies
2) Key players
Body
1. Opportunities
2. Threats
Closing/Conclusion
1. Make recommendations
2. Offer a plan for implementation
.
Case Study Crocs Revolutionizing an Industry’s Supply Chain .docxcowinhelen
Case Study Crocs: Revolutionizing an Industry’s Supply Chain Model for
Competitive Advantage
If the products sell extremely well, we will
build more in season, and will be back on the
shelves in a few weeks. And we’ll build even
more, and even more, and even more, in that
same season. We’re not going to wait with a
hot new product until next year, when hope-
fully the same trend is alive.
—Ronald Snyder, CEO of Crocs, Inc.1
On May 3, 2007, Crocs, Inc. released its results for the
first quarter of the year. The footwear company,
which had sold its first shoes in 2003, reported reve-
nues of $142 million for the quarter, more than three
times its sales for the first quarter of 2006. Net in-
come, at $0.61 per share was more than 17 percent
of sales, nearly four times higher than the previous
year.2 These results far exceeded market expecta-
tions, which had been for earnings of $0.49 per share
on $114 million of revenue.3 As part of the earnings
release, the company announced a two-for-one stock
split. Immediately after the announcement, the stock
price jumped 15 percent.
The growth and profitability of Crocs, which made
funky, brightly colored shoes using an extremely com-
fortable plastic material, had been astounding. Much
of this growth had been made possible by a highly
flexible supply chain which enabled the company to
build additional product to fulfill new orders quickly
within the selling season, allowing it to respond to un-
expectedly high demand—a capability that was previ-
ously unheard of in the footwear industry. This ability
to fulfill the needs of retailers also made the company
a very popular supplier to shoe sellers.
This success also raised questions about how
the company should grow in the future. Should it
vertically integrate or grow through product line
extension? Should it grow organically or through ac-
quisition? Would potential growth paths exploit
Crocs’ core competencies or defocus them?
CROCS, INC.
In 2002, three friends from Boulder, Colorado went
sailing in the Caribbean. One brought a pair of foam
clog shoes that he had bought from a company in
Canada. The clogs were made from a special mate-
rial that did not slip on wet boat decks, was easy
to wash, prevented odor, and was extremely com-
fortable. The three, Lyndon “Duke” Hanson, Scott
Seamans, and George Boedecker, decided to start a
business selling these Canadian shoes to sailing en-
thusiasts out of a leased warehouse in Florida, as
Hanson said, “so we could work when we went on
sailing trips there.”4 The founders wanted to name
the shoes something that captured the amphibious
nature of the product. Since “Alligator” had already
been taken, they chose to name the shoes “Crocs.”
The shoes were an immediate success, and word
of mouth expanded the customer base to a wide
range of people who spent much of their days stand-
ing, such as doctors and gardeners. In October 2003,
as the business began to grow, th.
Case Studies Student must complete 5 case studies as instructed.docxcowinhelen
Case Studies: Student must
complete 5 case studies
as instructed by course
materials. Fill out form below for 5 different people (imaginary is okay).
Master Herbalist Questionnaire
Date: _____________________
Name: _________________________________ Age: ______ Birth date:_____________
Address: ________________________________________________________________
Home Phone: _________________________ Work Phone:________________________
Height: _________ Weight: _________ 1 year ago:__________ 5 years ago:_________
Occupation: _______________________________________ Full Time Part Time
Living situation: Alone Friends Partner Spouse Parents Children Pets
What are your major health concerns and intentions for your visit today?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Please list any other health care providers or consultants you are currently working with:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Please list any current health conditions diagnosed by a medical doctor:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Please use this form
as a source of
reference when
conducting your
Case-Studies.
Treat this part as information only as you are not to treat or prescribe treatment for any specific diseases
It is important to know if the client is receiving treatment from other practitioners and what these entail
Since legally you are not allowed to diagnose disease, it is helpful to get one from an MD
When was your last physical exam?
________________________________________________________________________
Please list all herbs, vitamins, and dietary supplements you are currently taking, includingdosage and frequency:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
List all medication.
Case Studies in Telehealth AdoptionThe mission of The Comm.docxcowinhelen
Case Studies in Telehealth Adoption
The mission of The Commonwealth
Fund is to promote a high performance
health care system. The Fund carries
out this mandate by supporting
independent research on health care
issues and making grants to improve
health care practice and policy. Support
for this research was provided by
The Commonwealth Fund. The views
presented here are those of the author
and not necessarily those of The
Commonwealth Fund or its directors,
officers, or staff.
For more information about this study,
please contact:
Andrew Broderick, M.A., M.B.A.
Codirector, Center for Innovation
and Technology in Public Health
Public Health Institute
[email protected]
The Veterans Health Administration:
Taking Home Telehealth Services to
Scale Nationally
Andrew Broderick
ABSTRACT: Since the 1990s, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has used infor-
mation and communications technologies to provide high-quality, coordinated, and com-
prehensive primary and specialist care services to its veteran population. Within the VHA,
the Office of Telehealth Services offers veterans a program called Care Coordination/
Home Telehealth (CCHT) to provide routine noninstitutional care and targeted care man-
agement and case management services to veterans with diabetes, congestive heart fail-
ure, hypertension, post-traumatic stress disorder, and other conditions. The program uses
remote monitoring devices in veterans’ homes to communicate health status and to cap-
ture and transmit biometric data that are monitored remotely by care coordinators. CCHT
has shown promising results: fewer bed days of care, reduced hospital admissions, and
high rates of patient satisfaction. This issue brief highlights factors critical to the VHA’s
success—like the organization’s leadership, culture, and existing information technology
infrastructure—as well as opportunities and challenges.
OVERVIEW
Since the 1990s, information and communications technologies—including tele-
health—have been at the core of the Veterans Health Administration’s (VHA’s)
successful system-level transformation toward providing continuous, coordinated,
and comprehensive primary and specialist care services. The VHA’s leadership
and culture; underlying health information technology infrastructure; and strong
commitment to standardized work processes, policies, and training have all con-
tributed to the home telehealth program’s success in meeting the chronic care
needs of a population of aging veterans and reducing their use of institutional
care and its associated costs. The home teleheath model also encourages patient
activation, self-management, and helps in the early detection of complications.
To learn more about new publications
when they become available, visit the
Fund's website and register to receive
Fund email alerts.
Commonwealth Fund pub. 1657
Vol. 4
January 2013
www.commonwealthfund.org
www.commonwealthfund.org
mailto:[email pro.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Running head MATERNAL, INFANT AND CHILD HEALTH .docx
1. Running head: MATERNAL, INFANT AND CHILD HEALTH
1
MATERNAL, INFANT AND CHILD HEALTH
9
Maternal, infant and child health
Name
Institution
Abstract
Maternal, infant health is very essential for the progress of any
country since they form the pillar of our future generations.
United States has made significant strides towards securing the
maternal and child health through various initiatives and
programs within the country and around the globe. Despite the
existence of health care initiatives to promote maternal, infant
and child health, maternal and infant mortalities are still
recorded on a daily basis in the U.S. Risk factors to maternal,
infant and child mortalities include poor and a lack of a
antenatal care attendance, unskilled birth attendants,ce and
childhood illnesses. More than a quarter of every single
maternal mortality is because of postpartum hemorrhaginge, for
the most part after labor.
2. Infant mortality is another prevalent case that contributes to the
worsening situation in child and maternal health, because of
untimely births represent more than a quarter of infant
mortalities, trailed by mortalities during births and neonatal
sepsis. Maternal and child health (MCH) programs concentrate
on medical problems concerning related to mothers, children,
and families – such as , for example, access to suitable pre-natal
and child welfare services, baby mortality mitigation initiatives,
emergency medical services, prevention of injuries, infant
screening, and administrations to kidschildren children with
unique health care needs. The United States is working to
prevent maternal deaths, infant mortalities, and child
mortalities, and to reduce the prevalence of these incidences. It
calls for a multidisciplinary approach in order to eliminate this
issue affecting the mothers and children. Reinforcing referral
systems and linkages between various levels of hospital-based
patient care, and between healthcare organizations providers
and the general population, must be a top needpriority.
1- (the things in red is the corrections, if its underline means
this is the correct world and if its cross off means you have to
delete it)
2- ( the things in yellow you have to delete it and write the
topic and the purpose of the paper and I will write it for you at
the end of the first paragraph).
3- Change anything about child health and just focus on
mortality maternal unless there is something related to the child
health so then you can mention that.
4- Scoop of the problem
5- Associated factors
6- solutions
Maternal child and infant health
Enhancing the prosperity of mothers, newborn children, and
3. young children is a vital public health objective for the United
States and the entire globe. Their prosperity dictates the
strength of the people in the future and can anticipate future
public wellbeing challenges for families, groups, and the
medical services framework. The targets purpose offor
mMaternal , infant, and cChild hHealth (MCH) programs as a
health care priority area in public health is to address an
extensive variety of conditions and, health practices. There are
indicators in the health care system that influences the health
and personal satisfaction of our women, kidschildren, and
families. Putting resources into maternal and child health is not
just a political and social basic for relevant authorities and
policymakers, however it is additionally criticalcrucial. This
assertion is based on the grounds that solid healthy women
prompt toare necessary for sound families and social orders,
solid the general wellbeing frameworksof society, and
productive economies. The purpose of this paper is to discuss a
public health problem in the United States involving maternal,
infant and child health.
( here you have to delete this and write this topic and thesis
statement because we need to have thesis, topic and claim based
of 3 factors)= significance
(maternal health is suffering due to women receiving
insufficient treatment, not having medical insurance, and being
misinformed or uninformed regarding their health; in order to
improve maternal health, there must be collaboration among
healthcare providers and general population) (write this at the
end of first paragraph)
Relevance and prevalence
Objectives focusing on maternal child health (MCH) are
discussed in twenty-seven of the 42 topics in Healthy People
2020, including a priority areas devoted just to ,mMaternal,
iInfant and cChild hHealth. Recognizing risks to healthy living
before and amid pregnancy and concentrating on anticipating
the wellbeing intricacies of wellbeing can prompt topromote
more advantageous mommothershealthier mothers and
4. kidschildren. An emphasis on maternal, newborn child, and
young children keeps on being a need for states as they intend
to enhance the strength of the country and lessen social
insurance costs. As the initial steps towards accomplishing
these outcomes, there are demonstrated solutions that can
significantly enhance maternal care in the United States
healthcare systems. Statistics from the World Health
Organization (WHO) additionally recommend show that around
53% of all child deliveries in developing nations at present
happen with the help of a skilled birth attendants, while
emergency care are is not available in some states countries
(Creanga et al., 2014; De Brouwere, Richard & Witter, 2010)).
Most global and national health strategies and programs put a
priority on maternal child services. Maternal, infant, and child
mortality among women along these lines merits priority urgent
consideration because the health of women has suggestions
implications foron the strength of their babies, family, and the
country. As indicated by the World Bank, of the considerable
number of locales on the planet, tropical sub-Saharan Africa
positions nations most minimal inon average have the lowest
household incomes in the world and future during childbirth,
and the most astounding rates ofin mortality for kidschildren
below five years. In addition, it is the just a single withthis area
has a negative development rate between 1980 and 2000. In
these sub-Saharan countries, the household income is low and
the mothers are not able to afford and or gain access to maternal
child health services that comprisessuch as of antenatal and,
postnatal care, family planning, and child immunization. These
potentially lead to increasing rates of maternal and infant
mortalities.
Risk factors in maternal and child health
The health of mothers and young children is interrelated and
influenced by various factors. Millions of pregnant mothers,
new mommothers, and kidschildren encounter extreme ailment
5. or demiseillness or death every year, to a great extent from
preventable or treatable causes. Poor antenatal care, lack of
access to these services, and unskilled birth attendantsce are the
contributing factors. Almost all maternal and children
mortalities happen in theunder unclear circumstances. But
aAttention to maternal and child wellbeing (MCH) is ever
increasing, young children and maternal mortality hasve fallen
considerably since 2000;, and enhancing these services is
viewed as basic necessary to cultivating monetary economic
advancement (Group, 2008). Still, as endeavors concentrate on
accomplishing new worldwide MCH objectives -, for example,
preventing mortality among babies and young children and
diminishing worldwide maternal mortality -, huge difficulties
remain. In spite of the accessibility of compelling mediations,
the absence of subsidizing and constrained access to
administrations services hasve hampered advances, especially
on for maternal wellbeing (Bhutta et al., 2010).
The U.S. government has a long history of supporting
worldwide MCH endeavors and is the biggest benefactor
government to MCH exercises initiatives on the planet,
notwithstanding being the single biggest giver donor to
nourishment endeavors on the planet. Lately, the United States
has set a higher need on maternal child health services inside
the USG worldwide wellbeing motivation (especially since the
U. S implemented closure preventable infant and maternal
mortalities as one of its three primary worldwide wellbeing
objectives) and expanded subsidizing has been given provided
to bolster maternal child health and related endeavors.
( in this paragraph you have to talk about the three factors I
mentioned in the first paragraph and you don’t have to delete
everything, anything related to the mortality maternal you can
keep it)
Current Global Snapshot
Every year, approximately 6 six million children below five
years old ( mostly newborns) children around the world loose
6. their lives from generally preventable or treatable conditions.
Moreover, around 303,000 ladies kick the bucketwomen die
amid during pregnancy and labor every each year, and millions
more experience serious antagonistic outcomescomplications.
These difficulties are particularly common in creating
developing nations, with huge incongruities amongst creating
and created localesdeveloping and developed areas in maternal
and young childreninfant mortality. Moreover, sub-Saharan
Africa is the hardest hit district area on the planet, trailed
followed by Southern Asia; together they represent more than
80% of maternal and young childreninfant mortalities (Bhutta et
al., 2010).
Mortality
Maternal mortality in which mMore than a quarter of every
single maternal mortalitiesy are because of postpartum
hemorrhaginge, for the most part after labor. Sepsis is also a
cause, risky and unsafe abortions, preeclampsia, and eclampsia
are other real causes. Infections that attack the mothers during
pregnancy, including malaria, anemic conditions, and HIV
infections, represent around about a one-third of maternal
mortalities. Deficient care amid during pregnancy and high
fruitfulness fertility rates, regularly often because of an absence
of access to contraception and other family planning methods
and services that are accessible to mothers of reproductive ages,
lead to an increase in the numbers of maternal mortalities
(Creanga et al., 2014).
Infant mortality is another prevalent case that contributes to the
worsening situation in child and maternal health, because of
untimely births represent more than a one-quarter of infant
mortalities, trailed followed by mortalities during births and
neonatal sepsis. Low birth weight is a noteworthy risk to
consider and a major indirect reason for infant mortalities.
Young childrenInfant mortality is due to a wide range of causes,
including pneumonia, malaria, diarrhea and some other less
common risks to deaths include measles and HIV/AIDS.
7. Malnutrition and under-nutrition fundamentally makes the
kidschildren' vulnerable to these childhood conditions, just like
it is cause by the absence of access to clean water and sanitation
(Target, 2006)
Maternal, baby infant, and child health results are key to both
the present and future of Ohio. To address health service s
challenges and enhance wellbeing results for these vulnerable
groups, the State of Ohio has cooperated with the Department of
Health and Human Sservices to actualize research and quality
change programs over across the state. The key regions of
centerareas of study incorporate distinguishing and testing
successful models of look after treatingmonitoring pregnancyt
ladies, enhancing perinatal wellbeing through quality care
change activities went for expanding consistence withbased on
evidenced-based prescribed procedures, and expanding
postpartum clinic attendance rates and type two2 diabetes
screenings for ladies with a background marked byof gestational
diabetes (Bhutta et al., 2010).
Maternal and child health programs
Maternal and child health (MCH) programs concentrate on
medical problems concerning mothers, children, and families.
This includes, for example, access to suitable pre-natal and
child welfare services, baby mortality mitigation initiatives,
emergency medical services, prevention of injuries, infant
screening, and administrations toservices for kidschildren with
unique health care needs. The United States has put resources
into having mothers and families with good health and trusts
this investment that it will spare cashsave money by avoiding
highly exorbitant medical conditions and keeping away from the
requirement for related support services that accompany it.
Health-sector investments accounted for around half the
mortality reduction in young children between 1990 and 2010.
High-impact interventions and systems strengthening have been
made in the U.S, for example for immunization and other child
health interventions, skilled birth attendance and maternal and
newborn care, and family planning. Other gains resulted come
8. from health-enhancing investments in other sectors; (e.g., from
improved levels of education, women’s political and
socioeconomic participation, and environmental management
(e.g. forsuch as access to clean water), and reduced levels of
fertility and poverty). Income inequalities within countries had
a negative impact on child mortality. The proportions of factors
varied by country, and with the statistical models used, but the
core set of multisector factors contributing to accelerated
progress was the same. Maternal and child health under the U.S.
Health Policy Gateway which includes a variety of programs
targeting pregnant women and infants funded through federal
Maternal and Child Health block grants and categorical state
programs and services.
Current global and the federal government initiatives and
programs have brought new consideration regarding and
financing for MCH activities. As the international community
attempts to support and finance endeavors to accomplish SDGs
2 and 3,'s which focuses on targets of MCH and nutrition, key
issues and difficulties for the United States’ endeavors include:
keeping oncontinuing growing access to and guarantingee the
nature quality of maternal, infant and child health care, while
building interstate initiatives (Bhutta et al., 2010). In Working
within the existing controlled subsidizing environment,
initiatives also must ensure to access for those who are very
vulnerable and supporting advances in research and the take-up
of new advances and immunizations, thus promoting thee
joining of MCH initiatives with different U.S. worldwide
programs, for example PEPFAR. Other extensive U.S.
improvement endeavors, which incorporate education and food
security and organizing these endeavors with the practices of
different sponsors and donor nations must keeping in mind the
end goal to expand the effect of accessible assets.
Lifesaving
9. Solution
s
The period around childbirth makes a crucial window of chance
for preventive measures, actions and services of conditions that
complicates maternal and infant health, which can generally end
up being risky. Accessibility and availability of skilled birth
attendants such as midwives, fundamental and comprehensive
emergency reproductive and obstetric care during pregnancy
and delivery is most significant. A substantial extent of infant
ailments and mortalities can likewise be mitigated by utilizing
straightforward, less expensive initiatives during child delivery
and during the puerperal period, provided both in the health
facility and at home (where presently whereby nearly have of
infants die). Consistent and reliable home visits by community
health care workers and volunteers at the – both when mothers
are delivering and immediately after delivery - can be
instrumental in reducing complications and deaths occurring
during post-natal period.
Fundamental life-saving actions incorporate instantly drying the
infant and keeping the infant warm, skin to skin contact,
postponed line bracing, starting breastfeeding as quickly as time
permits after conveyance, supporting the mother to breastfeed
10. solely, giving uncommon special care to low-birth weight
babies, and diagnosing threatening issues for infants issues-, for
example, asphyxia and sepsis (Group, 2008). Reinforcing
referral systems and linkages between various levels of
hospital-based patient care, and between health organizations
and the general population, must be a top needpriority. Mothers,
families and the entire community should be empowered by
supporting their participation and proactive heath seeking
behavior for pregnancy care, adequate and balanced nutrition,
birth readiness, utilization of a gifted chaperon during
childbirth, acknowledgment of maternal and infant threat signs,
early start and elite breastfeeding. Postnatal administer to ideal
birth dispersing is essential (Creanga et al., 2014). In addition,
identifying all the pregnant women conducted by community
health care workers who will provide continuous antenatal
follow-ups and support for the mothers in postnatal period can
advance health practices and opportune health seeking behavior
if there should arise an occurrence of problems.
UNICEF programs have been launched that deal with maternal,
child, and infant health. They look to diminish imbalances of
care, reinforce wellbeing frameworks, consolidate flexibility
and hazard educated arranging, and center consideration on
lessening of youthfulreducing young pregnancies (UNICEF,
2008). UNICEF advances an all-encompassing, rights-based
approach to the health of maternalmothers, newborns, and
11. health of young children. Currently, UNICEF endeavors to
upgrade the role of our women, counteract early marriages of
girls, promote the education of girls, and prevent female genital
mutilation (FGM), and foster the improvement life abilities
among the adolescents. The Health Resources and Services
Administration (HRSA), which is an agency in the department
of health that is responsible for maternal child health (UNICEF,
2008). The Maternal and Child Health Bureau is also
responsible for improving the health of mothers, newborns and
young children.
( here you have to talk about the solutions for the 3 factors)
In conclusion, with a blend of sufficient investment in the most
vulnerable groups, practical initiatives, and good leadership,
incredible advance progress is conceivable in maternal and
child health. More noteworthy venture and strategic planning is
required, keeping in mind the end goal is to achieve the most
minimized with better, more comprehensive, disaggregated
disseminated information, frameworks fortifying frameworks,
and development and neighborhood engagement, to defeat the
last hindrances and achieve a large number of barred
mommothers and their infants. I will use the knowledge on
maternal and child health to support for the rights of women and
children and end infant and maternal mortality.
12. References
Bhutta, Z. A., Chopra, M., Axelson, H., Berman, P., Boerma, T.,
Bryce, J., ... & de Francisco, A. (2010). Countdown to 2015
decade report (2000–10): taking stock of maternal, newborn,
and child survival. The Lancet, 375(9730), 2032-2044.
Creanga, A. A., Berg, C. J., Ko, J. Y., Farr, S. L., Tong, V. T.,
Bruce, F. C., & Callaghan, W. M. (2014). Maternal mortality
and morbidity in the United States: where are we now?. Journal
of women's health, 23(1), 3-9.
De Brouwere, V., Richard, F., & Witter, S. (2010). Access to
maternal and perinatal health services: lessons from successful
and less successful examples of improving access to safe
delivery and care of the newborn. Tropical Medicine &
International Health, 15(8), 901-909.
Group, C. C. W. (2008). Countdown to 2015 for maternal,
newborn, and child survival: the 2008 report on tracking
coverage of interventions. The Lancet, 371(9620), 1247-1258.
Target, M. D. G. (2006). MATERNAL AND NEWBORN
HEALTH. NUTRITION, 2006, 13.
UNICEF. (2008). The state of the world's children 2009:
maternal and newborn health (Vol. 9). Unicef.
13. US Department of Health and Human Services. (2010).
Maternal, infant, and child health. Healthy people, 2.
COLGATE PALMOLIVE
Colgate-Palmolive Company Case
Name
University
3. Marketing Mix (4 P’s) proposed for the launch of
CMCP+SAN in Brazil
c. Promotion
According to Bonecker, Pucca Junior, Costa and Pitts (2012),
it has been found that promotion strategy is also known as the
marketing communication strategy which includes the
14. advertising the products and services by below the line (BTL)
and above the line (ATL) activities. Promotional activities are
carried out by the marketers and business companies in order to
raise customer awareness for the particular brand and product.
Promotional strategies are performed by the business
organisations to gain the customer’s attention and increase the
customer’s demand whereas; Lovelock and Wirtz (2010) stated
that the case of Colgate-Palmolive Company states the
promotional activities initiated by the company to enter in
Brazil. Colgate entered in Brazil through the awareness
programs based on the promotions and oral care by Colgate
toothpaste.
As described by Gordon (2012), it has been found that
promotion is related to the awareness and how companies
spread information about their products and services under the
influence of customer care. However, in the case of Colgate-
Palmolive Company, the company entered into a huge
promotional program to make the customer aware about the oral
care. Schools, housing societies and communities were targeted
in order to spread awareness about Colgate’s oral care. BSBF
operating program helped children in schools and churches to
understand the importance of oral care and hygiene.
In the viewpoint of Bernhardt, Mays and Hall (2012), it has
been found that strategic alliance and partnerships with the
existing (domestic) firms or association helps the business
15. companies to gain the attention in the society or region they are
going to operate in. The Company made a strategic alliance with
Ministry of Health of Brazil and entered the market with their
approval. The oral health education program was designed to
educate the 55 million children in Brazil. The main challenge
was faced by Colgate-Palmolive was with the positioning and
launching of CMCP+SAN toothpaste. The product itself claimed
that it is an improved and innovative formula for oral care but
unfortunately was not recommended by the dentists. However,
Colgate-Palmolive CMCP+SAN was famous among the
consumers for fresh breath and pleasant sensation.
d. Price
In the views of by Gordon (2012), it has been evaluated that
pricing is the main factor which influences the customer
preference, customer retention and customer loyalty whereas; it
has been found that most of the consumer pay higher prices for
the sake of quality they are getting. Marketers apply pricing
strategies by under the consideration of consumer demographics
by targeting the need of the segment. The pricing strategies are
applied to get the customer’s attention and maximise the
revenue in the long run. However, the case of Colgate-
Palmolive CMCP-SAN states that the launching of toothpaste in
Brazil with CMCP+SAN was an effective idea. The prices were
set for the consumers of all class, as Colgate-Palmolive targeted
the 55 million people in Brazil the prices were reasonable and
16. affordable by every household. The main purpose of
implementing reasonable and approachable pricing strategy to
attract the consumers.
As per the analysis of Hollensen (2015), fair pricing is the
concept that falls in the budget of the consumer whereas; it has
been found that low prices of the products and services increase
the demand in the market. Colgate-Palmolive CMCP+NAS
entered the market and made a visible appearance on the shelf.
The consumer demand among youngsters increased in the
market due to the prices meet their demands and fresh sensation
of the toothpaste. Colgate-Palmolive sustained in the Brazilian
market due to its pricing strategy along with the provision of
reason to believe (RTB) to the consumers.
References
Bernhardt, J.M., Mays, D. & Hall, A.K., (2012). Social
marketing at the right place and right time with new
media. Journal of Social Marketing, 2(2), pp.130-137.
Bonecker, M., Pucca Junior, G.A., Costa, P.B. & Pitts, N.,
(2012). A social movement to reduce caries prevalence in the
world. Brazilian oral research, 26(6), pp.491-492.
Gordon, R., (2012). Re-thinking and re-tooling the social
marketing mix. Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), 20(2),
pp.122-126.
Hollensen, S., (2015). Marketing management: A relationship
approach. Pearson Education.
17. Lovelock, C. & Wirtz, J., (2010). Services marketing: people,
technology, strategy. Journal.
MATERNAL, INFANT AND CHILD HEALTH
1
MATERNAL, INFANT AND CHILD HEALTH
10
Maternal, infant and child health
(do abstract summary 250 words)
Maternal child and infant health
Enhancing the prosperity of mothers, newborn children, and
under-fives is a vital public health objective for the United
States and the entire globe. Their prosperity dictates the
strength of the people in future and can anticipate future public
wellbeing challenges for families, groups, and the medical
services framework. The targets for the Maternal, infant, and
Child Health (MCH) as a health care priority area in public
health is to address an extensive variety of conditions, health
practices, and indicators in the health care system that
18. influences the wellbeing, wellness, and personal satisfaction of
our women, kids, and families. Putting resources into maternal
and child health is not just a political and social basic for
Finance and Health Ministers, Heads of State and different
policymakers, however it is additionally critical. This is on the
grounds that solid women prompt to sound families and social
orders, solid wellbeing frameworks, and productive economies.
( she said you are repeating sentences here “ the yellow” and
you have to mention the purpose of the paper and don’t use the
term “ under five years” just use young children.
Relevance and prevalance
Objectives identified with the strength of maternal child health
(MCH) are discussed in twenty seven of the 42 topics in
Healthy People 2020, including a priority areas devoted to
Maternal, Infant and Child Health. Recognizing risks to healthy
living before and amid pregnancy and concentrating on
anticipating wellbeing intricacies can prompt to more
advantageous moms and kids. An emphasis on maternal,
newborn child, and under five keeps on being a need for states
as they intend to enhance the strength of the country and lessen
social insurance costs. As the initial steps towards
accomplishing these outcomes, there are demonstrated less
costly solutions that can significantly enhance maternal care in
United States healthcare systems. Statistics from the World
Health Organization (WHO) additionally recommend that
19. around 53% of all child deliveries in developing nations at
present happen with the help of a skilled birth attendants, while
emergency care are not available in some states (Creanga et al.,
2014; De Brouwere, Richard & Witter, 2010)).
It subsequently shocks no one that both global and national
health strategies and mediation conventions put premium on
maternal child services. ( she said this sentence doesn’t make
any sense and she didn’t understand it) Maternal, infant and
child mortality among ladies along these lines merit priority
consideration because the health of women has suggestions on
the strength of their babies, family and the country. As
indicated by World Bank, of the considerable number of locales
on the planet, tropical sub-Saharan Africa positions most
minimal in household income and future during childbirth, and
most astounding in mortality for kids below five years. In
addition, it is the just a single with a negative development rate
between 1980 and 2000. ( talk about how the income is low and
because of this they don’t have access to facilities. This is the
cause of high infant mortality rate)
Risk factors in maternal and child health
The wellbeing of mothers and kids is interrelated and influenced
by various factors. Millions of pregnant mothers, new moms,
and kids encounter extreme ailment or demise every year, to a
great extent from preventable or treatable causes. Almost all
maternal and children mortalities happen in the unclear
20. circumstance. Attention to maternal and chills wellbeing (MCH)
is ever increasing, under-five and maternal mortality have fallen
considerably since 2000, and enhancing these services is viewed
as basic to cultivating monetary advancement (Group, 2008).
Still, as endeavors concentrate on accomplishing new worldwide
MCH objectives, for example, finishing preventable mortalities
among babies and kids under five and diminishing worldwide
maternal mortality, huge difficulties remain. In spite of the
accessibility of compelling mediations, absence of subsidizing
and constrained access to administrations have hampered
advance, especially on maternal wellbeing (Bhutta et al., 2010).
The U.S. government has a long history of supporting
worldwide MCH endeavors and is the biggest benefactor
government to MCH exercises on the planet, notwithstanding
being the single biggest giver to nourishment endeavors on the
planet. Lately, the United States has set a higher need on
maternal child health services inside the USG worldwide
wellbeing motivation (especially since the U. S implemented
closure preventable infant and maternal mortalities as one of its
three primary worldwide wellbeing objectives) and expanded
subsidizing has been given to bolster maternal child health and
related endeavors.
Current Global Snapshot
Every year, approximately 6 million children below five years
mostly newborn children loose their lives from generally
21. preventable or treatable conditions. Moreover, around 303,000
ladies kick the bucket amid pregnancy and labor every year, and
millions more experience serious antagonistic outcomes. These
difficulties are particularly common in creating nations, with
huge incongruities amongst creating and created locales in
maternal and under-five mortality. Moreover, sub-Saharan
Africa is the hardest hit district on the planet, trailed by
Southern Asia; together they represent more than 80% of
maternal and under-five mortalities (Bhutta et al., 2010).
Mortality
Maternal mortality: More than a quarter of every single
maternal mortality are because of postpartum haemorrhage, for
the most part after labor. Sepsis is also a cause, risky and
unsafe abortions, preeclampsia and eclampsia are other real
causes. Infections that attack the mothers during pregnancy,
including malaria, anemic conditions, and HIV infections,
represent around about a third of maternal mortalities. Deficient
care amid pregnancy and high fruitfulness rates, regularly
because of an absence of access to contraception and other
family planning methods and services that are accessible to
mothers of reproductive ages, lead to an increase in the numbers
of maternal mortalities (Creanga et al., 2014).
Infant mortality is another prevalent case that contributes to the
worsening situation in child and maternal health because of
untimely births represent more than a quarter of infant
22. mortalities, trailed by mortalities during births and neonatal
sepsis. Low birth weight is a noteworthy risk to consider and a
major indirect reason for infant mortalities. Under-five
mortality are due to a wide range of causes including
pneumonia, malaria, diarrhea and some other less common risks
to deaths include measles and HIV/AIDS. Malnutrition and
under-nutrition fundamentally makes the kids' vulnerable to
these childhood conditions, just like it is cause by the absence
of access to clean water and sanitation (Target, 2006)
Maternal, baby and child health results are key to both the
present and future of Ohio. To address health services
challenges and enhance wellbeing results for these vulnerable
groups, the State of Ohio has cooperated with Department of
Health services to actualize research and quality change
programs over the state. The key regions of center incorporate
distinguishing and testing successful models of look after
treating pregnant ladies, enhancing perinatal wellbeing through
quality care change activities went for expanding consistence
with evidenced-based prescribed procedures, and expanding
postpartum clinic attendance rates and type 2 diabetes
screenings for ladies with a background marked by gestational
diabetes(Bhutta et al., 2010).
Maternal and child health programs
23. Maternal and child health (MCH) programs concentrate on
medical problems concerning mothers, children and families,
for example, access to suitable pre-natal and child welfare
services, baby mortality mitigation initiatives, emergency
medical services, prevention of injuries, infant screening, and
administrations to kids with unique health care needs. United
States put resources into having mothers and families with good
health and trust that it will spare cash by avoiding highly
exorbitant medical conditions and keeping away from the
requirement for related support services that accompany it. (
talk about U.S policies, resources and how they do that and
what the US government do to make women healthy)
Current global and the federal government initiatives and
programs have brought new consideration regarding and
financing for MCH activities. As the international community
attempts to support and finance endeavors to accomplish SDGs
2 and 3's which focuses on targets of MCH and nutrition, key
issues and difficulties for United States endeavors include:
keeping on growing access to and guarantee the nature of
maternal, infant and child health care, while building interstate
initiatives (Bhutta et al., 2010). In the existing controlled
subsidizing environment to access those who are very
vulnerable and supporting advances in research and take-up of
new advances and immunizations thus promote joining of MCH
initiatives with different U.S. worldwide programs, for example
24. PEPFAR. Other extensive U.S. improvement endeavors, which
incorporate education and food security and organizing these
endeavors with the practices of different sponsors and donor
nations keeping in mind the end goal to expand the effect of
accessible assets.
Lifesaving