Rooting Android allows users to gain administrative access to their devices. This provides benefits like customizing the device with custom ROMs, overclocking the CPU for enhanced performance, and unlocking additional features. However, rooting also carries risks like voiding the device warranty, potentially "bricking" the device if not done correctly, and compatibility issues with future OTA updates. The document provides instructions and resources for rooting devices safely through unlocking the bootloader, flashing a custom recovery, installing Superuser, and backing up the current ROM.