4. HVDC is an “intelligent link”. The power flow can be controlled and changed
very quickly practically independently from frequency at the terminal busses,
voltage or power angle at the terminal busses like in HVAC transmission.
Due to the inherent properties of the electronic equipment which forms the
converter bridges, the direction of the transmitted power may be also changed
very quickly.
The HVDC transmission has the
major advantage of flexibility in
power exchange in comparison with
HVAC. Moreover, in case of
transmission of bulk electrical
energy over long distances (more
than 50 km) by submarine cable, the
only applicable technology is the
HVDC transmission.
Advantages for HVDC transmission
5. In a HVDC system, the electricity is:
- Taken from a 3-phase AC network
- Converted to DC in a converter
station
- Transmitted by DC OHL or cable
(underground or sub sea)
- Converted back to AC in another
converter station
- Injected into AC network
HVDC transmission – principles and characteristics
Controllable – power injected where
needed,
supplemental control, frequency
control
- Bypass congested circuits – no
inadvertent flow
- Higher power, fewer lines,
no intermediate S/S needed
- Lower losses
- Facilitates integration of remote
diverse resources with less impact
on existing grid
- Low expensive transmission line
- Reactive power demand limited to
terminals independent of distances
- Narrower ROW, no EMF constraints
- No limit to underground or
submarine
cable length
9. The scope of this project is to install a submarine cable between the Romanian
and Turkish TSO’s, Transelectrica and TEIAS respectively.
Business concept : commercial interconnector, separately regulated
The Project is in line with the policies of both Romanian and Turkish
Governments and fits well into the EU Green Paper on Energy and EU strategy
of Priority Network Projects. The project also brings a significant contribution and
stability to the regional electricity market in South-East Europe.
The Project is “on going”, in the Feasibility Study phase
Project scope
10. Short history of the project
• 2004 – April – energy cooperation protocol between Romania and Turkey at
ministries level
– The first mentioning of the cable project
• 2005 - June – MOU between Transelectrica and TEIAS for the HVDC link project
– Main scope : to prepare the oportunity study by a joint project team
• 2006 – November - JPP ( joint position paper ) between Transelectrica and TEIAS
– Approval of the opportunity study;
– Decision to continue the study at feasibility study level
• 2007 – first attempt to launch the feasibility study with minority financing of private
investors ( 50 % Swedish grant available )
– No success; replacement of the private investor with Nuclearelectrica
• 2008 – first tender for the FS in new financing conditions;
– Incompatibility of the grant with open tender requirements
• 2009 – secont tender; contract signature in June
11. ELEMENT
01
TEL
Constanţa
Nord
Substation
ELEMENT 02
TEL
Converter
station and
link to
Constanţa
Nord
substation
ELEMENT
03
TEL
Underground
cable between
converter
station and
HVDC cable
connection
ELEMENT
04
HVDC
cable
ELEMENT
05
TEIAS
Underground
cable between
converter
station and
HVDC cable
connection
ELEMENT
06
TEIAS
Converter
station and
link to
Alibeyköy
substation
ROMANIA
BLACK SEA
ELEMENT
07
TEIAS
Alibeyköy
Substation
TURKEY
Romania – Turkey HVDC interconector overview
13. • Connection point with
Romanian Power System:
400kV S/S Constanţa Nord;
• Connection point with
Turkish Power System:
400kV S/S Alybeiköy, in
Asia;
•The cables voltage level:
400 kV;
•The capacity: 1000MW;
•The length: about 400 km;
• Losses on the cable:-
• in 600MW transfer: ~
12MW;
• in 500MW transfer: ~
9MW
14. Deliverables
The nominated Designer will submit the following documents:
Inception Report
Terms of Reference – Objectives for procuring the services and
works required for the seabed survey and Geological Study
EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment Study, including
environmental approval
Feasibility Study (draft), including the necessary documentation for
approvals and advices
Feasibility Study (final), including the approvals and advices
Documentation for urbanism certificates in Romania and Turkey
Technical Specifications
Progress Reports
Final Report
16. Electricity
market team
Technical
team
Economical,
institutional and legal,
commercial and
financial team
- Environment expert
- See bead expert
- Overhead
transmission line
expert
- Electrical
substation expert
- Converter expert
- HVDC submarine
cable expert
- Permits and
approvals expert
- Contract legislation
expert
- Price electricity
forecasting expert
- Electricity market
expert
- Macroeconomic
modeling expert
- Financial analyze
expert
- Investment analyze
expert
- Contract legislation
expert
- Romanian &
international
legislation expert
Environmental
team
Procurement
team
- Commercial expert
- Overhead
transmission line
expert
- Electrical substation
expert
- Converter expert
- HVDC submarine
cable expert
- Environment expert
- Environment expert
- Romanian &
international
legislation expert
- Permits and
approvals expert
EXPERT TEAMS
17. The Feasibility Study will:
Establish the design parameters, capacity and cost estimation for the HVDC link
including the most suitable routing, based on previous studies and existing data which
include geological, morphological and seabed structure analyze and initial sea depth
survey as well as on its own investigations;
Assess the legal and environmental impediments and propose the most appropriate and
viable way forward for the Project from an operational and legal framework point of view,
including also the EIA Study with the afferent approvals, in accordance with legal
stipulations from both countries and from EU; (Transelectrica, Nuclearelectrica and
TEIAŞ will in this respect support the Designer in this process);
18. •Contain the necessary documentation for obtaining permits and approvals in
accordance with existing legislation in Romania and in Turkey, as applicable at the
date of project elaboration and corresponding to this phase of the engineering;
•Contain the necessary documentation to obtain the urbanism certificate;
•Analyse the financial and economical feasibility of the interconnection project
considering private benefits and costs and external effects such as public benefits and
costs;
•Assess suitable possibilities to finance the Project;
•Propose a time schedule for project implementation and operation;
•Highlight the commercial, environmental and technical conditions of direct
interconnection of the national grids of Turkey and Romania through a submarine
cable across the Black Sea, through system studies performed in both countries.
19. Technical Specifications for procurement and execution will include, at least, a minimal
content as follows:
- Scope;
- Definitions;
- Standard and recommendations;
- Functional and technical requirements
- Testing and inspections
- Execution
- Provision of information
Terms of Reference for procuring the services and work required for the seabed
survey and geological study will be established based on our experience in similar
projects. For the feasibility study we will perform a study based on existing
materials/documentation related to Black Sea seabed survey and geological studies.
20. 1. Inception report (within 6 weeks of commencement of the project).
2. Terms of Reference for the Seabed survey and Geological Study. (The draft
issue to be submitted within 6 weeks of commencement of the assignment).
3. Plans and Terms of Reference for the Environmental Impact assessment. (To
be submitted as an annex to the first Progress report).
4. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), incl. environmental approvals. (The draft
issue within 8 months and the final issue within 10 months after the commencement
of the assignment.)
5. Feasibility Study – draft, incl. the necessary documents for approvals and advices.
(8 months after commencement of the assignment).
6. Feasibility Study – final, incl. approvals and advices. (10 months after
commencement of the assignment).
7. Documentation for urbanism certificates, in Romania and Turkey (10 months after
commencement of the assignment.)
8. Technical Specifications. (Within 14 months after the commencement of the
project.)
9. Progress Reports. (To be reported quarterly, no later than the 10th working day after
the reporting period.)
10. Final Report. (The final report shall be submitted upon finalisation of the assignement
DELIVERABLES
21. - Costs for Submarine cables - material and installation;
- Costs for HVDC land cables and/or HVDC OHTLs and/or HVAC – type overhead electric
lines, as applicable in Romania – material and installations;
- Costs for HVDC land cables and/or HVDC OHTLs and/or HVAC – type overhead electric
lines, as applicable in Turkey – material and installations;
- Costs for converter station, including the A.C. connection in Romania;
- Costs for converter station, including the A.C. connection in Turkey;
- Telecommunication equipment based on optical fibers
- Site costs in Romania;
- Site costs in Turkey;
- Engineering, project management, project control and commissioning;
- Other investments, if any;
- Interest rates during construction calculated separately for each of the above mentioned
parts of the HVDC link;
- Total investment costs for the HVDC link.
- Payment for provisional and final expropriations.
Investment needs - Investments in the HVDC Link
22. Investments in the Romanian AC Grid
- AC grid investments exclusive the breaker bay for the HVDC link;
- Telecommunication and remote control equipment;
- Interest rates calculated separately for each part;
- Total investments due to the HVDC link in the Romanian A.C. grid
Investments in the Turkish AC Grid
- AC grid investments exclusive the breaker bay for the HVDC link;
- Telecommunication and remote control equipment;
- Interest rates during construction calculated separately for each part;
- Total investments due to the HVDC link in the Turkish A.C. grid
Investment needs - Investments in the Romanian and Turkish AC grids
23. “The price forecast has to be calculated from different perspectives
• Long term off-take contract 60 % and 80 %;
• Market price for the remaining 40 % and 20 %;
• Sufficient Average Price Level (SAPL).
COMMERCIAL and FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
“Based on the recommended investment and operational plan the Designer shall
establish a financial model and analyse the investment over a time horizon of both
20 years operation and 30 years operation. The output of the model shall be
presented in nominal terms
29. Activities to be done in parallel with the feasibilty study
• Preliminary business model
– List of main commercial, regulatory and financial hypothesys
– Documentation on the business experience of existing commercial
interconnectors in EU
– Discussions and clarifications with the regulatory authorities
– Legal due diligence for the preliminary business model
– TOR for the complete business study
• Exploration and identification of potential private partners
– Letters of intent
– Develop procedure for the selection of the private investors
• Full clarifications on TEIAS participation in the project, including Turkish applicable
legislation
• Preliminary legal preparations for the project company ( SPV )
30. Opportunity Study
Joint Position Paper
Feasibility Study
( 75 % TEL- 25% NE ) Business Study
Joint Position Paper - Final
International Agreement
between
Romania and Turkey
Project implementation
Financing, contracting, supply and instalation
MOU -1
MOU -2
Selection of private investors
SPV – the project company
2005
2008 - 2009
2009
2010
2010 - 2013
02.2009
First tentative road map
31. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !
e-mail: relatii.investitori@transelectrica.ro
razvan.purdila@transelectrica.ro
phone: +40213035923
fax: +40213035880
web-site: www.transelectrica.ro
