High competence within a broad spectrum of Computer and Information Science. To offer the best education in the country and conduct top of the line research, one needs to understand the complexities and correlations between the subfields.

1. Role Of ICT in Search

2. Role of ICT in Research
 Computers have a very important role to play in
research activities. It has become an essential tool for
research whether it be for academic purpose or for
commercial purpose. You can find all kinds of
information on the Internet and you can even discuss
research problems with people around the world.
Computers has led the way to a globalised
information portal that is the World Wide Web. By
using www we can conduct primary as well as
secondary research on a massive scale. Various
computer programs and applications have eased our
way into compiling our research process. For example
MS office tools help us to organize data and handle
quantitative as well as qualitative data. Inference and

3. Benefits of the ICT as a Research Source

- Speed: Although calculations can be done by a human being, a computer can
process numbers and information in a very short space of time. This means that
time is then saved thanks to the use of the computer, leaving researchers more
time to complete and conduct further research. Also, a sum that may take a
person several hours to process will take a computer mere minutes, if not
seconds.
- Accuracy: Computers are incredibly accurate, and like mentioned above, a
calculation or piece of research that is very difficult to calculate by a human can
be processed easily by a computer, delivering flawless accuracy. Accuracy is of
the utmost importance in scientific research as a wrong calculation could result in
an entire project/research piece being filled with incorrect information.
- Organization: When researching science, you can often be flooded with
different pieces of information, calculations and notes, and with a computer,
you're able to stock it all neatly and safely. By using simple folders, word
processors and computer programs, you can store millions of pages of
information, which are stored safe within the computer. This is a method that is
significantly more productive and safer than using a paper filing system in which
anything can be easily misplaced, therefore disrupting research.
- Consistency: As a computer is a machine, it cannot make mistakes through
"tiredness" or fatigue or lack of concentration which humans can sometimes
suffer with when working. This trait alone makes the computer exceptionally
important to the world of scientific research.

4. What is a search engine?
 A search engine
is an Internet tool
that locates web
pages and sorts
them according
to specified
keywords.

5. Types of search engines
 Yahoo
 Alta Vista
 Google
 BING
 ASK

6. Identify the web site
 Whenever possible, try
to locate the home
page.
 You can often do this by
eliminating some
information from the end
of the URL.
. gov
.com
.net
.edu
.us
.au
.uk

7. Domain name confusion
 The domain name is a
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component of a Uniform
Resource Locator (URL) used
to access web sites, for
example:
URL:
http://www.example.net/index.
html
Top-level domain name: net
Second-level domain name:
example.net
Host name:
www.example.net

8. Research Tools in Google
 Google: Anatomy of a Search: How your search
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
statement typed in the Google search box provides the
results in fraction of seconds
Google: Searching Tips : These are some nifty modifiers
to type in your google search box to refine your searches
and get the best results.
Google books :With Google Book Search, you can
quickly search the full text of a book, from the first word on
the first page to the last word in the final chapter..
www.books.google.com
Google Scholar : Google Scholar helps you search and
find academic papers, abstracts and other scholarly
sources – all with the speed and accuracy of Google
search. http://scholar.google.co.in/
Google Patent Search :Each Google Patent Search
result represents an individual patent. It display results
based on their relevance to the specific search terms
entered. It display a number of details about each patent in
the list of results. www.google.com/patents

9. http://research.google.com/
Research at Google is unique. Because so much of
what we do hasn't been done before, the lines
between research and development are often very
blurred. This hybrid approach allows our
discoveries to affect the world, both through
improving Google products and services, and
through the broader advancement of scientific
knowledge.
www.research.google.com

10. E-Books in public domain at a
glance:
 Electronic versions of printed books that can be viewed
online via any PC connected to the Internet. It includes
mostly the classics. Some public domain e-book resources
are:
 Project Gutenberg http://www.gutenberg.org/
Project Gutenberg is the oldest producer of free e-books on the
Internet. It is the first and largest single collection of free
electronic books, or e-books. The collection consists of more
than 44,870 e-books.
 Authorama Public Domain Books (Fiction)
http://www.authorama.com/
Featuring completely free books from a variety of different
authors, collected here for you to read online or offline. This site
is regularly updated with new freeware stories.
 Bartleby.com http://www.bartleby.com
Provides the best works of fiction from a wide range of classic
authors; general reference works like encyclopedias,
dictionaries, thesauri, quotations, verses etc

11.  The Online Book Page http://digital.library.upenn.edu/books/
The Online Book Page by University of Pennsylvania Library has
about 25000 e-books on different subjects.
 MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu/index.html
It is a site for 500 course materials available on the Internet, for
free download
 Read Print site http://www.readprint.com/
It is very useful for historians and lovers of literature, as this site
contains mainly the classics. It offers thousands of free books for
students, teachers, and the classic enthusiast.
 Free Books http://www.e-book.com.au/freebooks.htm
A site which provides comprehensive web links on Best free
Digital Libraries – Australia; Best free Digital Libraries – World;
Other Free Australian Books; Other Free Book Sites/Pages in
English; World - Other Languages, Regional and National;
Individual Topics/Miscellaneous; Sacred Texts & Religion.

12. E-Journals in public domain at a
glance

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Public Library of Science: http://www.plos.org/index.php
PLoS is a nonprofit organization of scientists and physicians committed to
making the world's scientific and medical literature a freely available public
resource.
Bioline International: http://www.bioline.org.br/
It is a not-for-profit electronic publishing service committed to providing
open access to quality research journals published in developing countries.
BioMed Central: http://www.biomedcentral.com/home/
It is a Publisher of more than 160 peer-reviewed open access journals.
Unesco Social And Human Sciences Documentation Centre:
http://www.unesco.org/shs/shsdc/
Free access to specialized articles from around 700 periodicals in social and
human sciences
The Electronic Journals Library http://rzblx1.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/fl.phtml
Offers an effective use of both scientific and academic journals publishing full
text articles in the internet.
HighWire Press: http://highwire.stanford.edu/
A division of the Stanford University Libraries, HighWire Press hosts the largest
repository of high impact, peer-reviewed content, with 1010 journals and
4,074,364 full text articles from over 130 scholarly publishers. HighWire-hosted
publishers have collectively made 1,566,498 articles free. With our partner
publishers we produce 71 of the 200 most-frequently-cited journals.

13. Indian Academy of Sciences : http://www.ias.ac.in/
The Academy, founded in 1934, aims at promoting the progress and upholding
the cause of science in pure and applied branches. The Academy's journals are
'open access' and full text is available as PDF files on each journal's website.
See the Publications page for links to the journals and other Academy
publications.
 Journal of Digital Information: http://journals.tdl.org/jodi
First publishing papers in 1997, the Journal of Digital Information is an electroniconly, peer-reviewed journal covering the broad topics related to digital libraries,
hypertext and hypermedia systems, and the issues of digital information.
 Free Medical Journals: http://www.freemedicaljournals.com/htm/index.htm
Over the next few years, many important medical journals will be available
online, free and in full-text. The unrestricted access to scientific knowledge will
have a major impact on medical practice. The Free Medical Journals Site was
created to promote the free availability of full text medical journals on the
Internet.
 Strategian: http://www.strategian.com/
The Strategic Guide to Quality Information in Biology, Chemistry, Computer
Science, Mathematics, Medicine, Physics, and Psychology


14. E-Resources in public domain at a glance:
Subject Gateways

Gateways are portals to information that are usually limited to a specific domain or subject
area. The resources accessible through these gateways are reviewed, selected, evaluated
and catalogued by information professionals or subject experts. Some examples are:

Pinakes:A subject launchpad http://www.hw.ac.uk/libWWW/irn/pinakes/pinakes.html
As the Internet grows in size it becomes increasingly difficult to locate relevant material. The
Pinakes is a compilation of Internet resources,which links to the major subject gateways.
Cogprints http://cogprints.org/
CogPrints, an electronic archive for self-archive papers in any area of Psychology,
neuroscience, and Linguistics, and many areas of Computer Science (e.g., artificial
intelligence, robotics, vison, learning, speech, neural networks), Philosophy (e.g., mind,
language, knowledge, science, logic), Biology (e.g., ethology, behavioral ecology,
sociobiology, behaviour genetics, evolutionary theory), Medicine (e.g., Psychiatry,
Neurology, human genetics, Imaging), Anthropology (e.g., primatology, cognitive
ethnology, archeology, paleontology), as well as any other portions of the physical, social and
mathematical sciences that are pertinent to the study of cognition.
WWW Virtual Library http://vlib.org/?/
Catalog of Internet resources. Indexes cover a broad range of subject areas. Each entry within a
subject area links to the appropriate Internet resource and is accompanied by a brief description
and a relevancy ranking.
Infomine http://infomine.ucr.edu/
A Web resource featuring well organized access to important university level research and
educational tools on the Internet.
intute http://www.intute.ac.uk/
A freely available Internet service which aims to provide a trusted source of selected, high quality
Internet information for students, academics, researchers and practitioners in Science &
Technology, Arts and Humanities Social Sciences, Health and Life Sciences.
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15. Indian Languages and Literature
 Khoj Directory of Literature http://www.khoj.com
 http://dmoz.org/about.html
 Dictionary
www.shabdkosh.com/
 E patra.com :Indian Language mailing service

16. Using Wikipedia as a research
tool
 Wikipedia is a free encyclopedia, written
collaboratively by the people who use it. It is a
special type of website designed to make
collaboration easy, called a wiki. Many people
are constantly improving Wikipedia, making
thousands of changes per hour. All of these
changes are recorded in article histories and
recent changes.
 Wikipedia is available in languages other than
English. Wikipedia has more than two hundred
and eighty languages
 Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the notfor-profit Wikimedia Foundation, which has

17. Using e-how as a research tool
eHow is your one-stop online resource for life's challenges
 eHow is an online how-to
guide with more than 2
million articles and 170,000
videos offering step-by-step
instructions. eHow articles
and videos are created by
freelancers and cover a wide
variety of topics organized
into a hierarchy of categories.
Any eHow user can leave
comments or responses, but
only contracted writers can
contribute changes to
articles. The writers work on
a freelance basis, being paid
by article. eHow is frequently
called a content mill.

18. Research on Census Data

The Indian Census is the most
credible source of information on
Demography (Population
characterstics), Economic Activity,
Literacy and Education, Housing &
Household Amenities, Urbanisation,
Fertility and Mortality, Scheduled
Castes and Scheduled Tribes,
Language, Religion, Migration,
Disability and many other sociocultural and demographic data since
1872. Census 2011 will be the 15th
National Census of the Country. This
is the only source of primary data in
the village ,town and ward level, It
provides valuable information for
planning and formulation policies for
Central and the State Governments
and is widely used by National and
International Agencies, Scholars,
business people, industrialists, and
many more.

19. ICT Research Tool: E-Paper
 Get the paper anywhere you have a
computer and Internet access, any
time of the day or night.
 See the paper exactly as it appears in
print. Skim headline and sections.
When you want to read an article, click
the headline for an enlarged view
 It's easy to e-mail and print articles.
 Missed last weeks edition and
features? As a subscriber, you have
access to the newspaper for the past
issues.

20. ICT Research Tool:SlideShare
 SlideShare consists of more than 15 million
uploads from individuals and organizations on
topics ranging from technology and business to
travel, health, and education. Find and search
for what interests you, and learn from people
 Share the content that matters to you with your
colleagues, customers, friends and followers.
SlideShares can be embedded into websites
and blogs, and are easily shareable on LinkedIn,
Twitter, Facebook, and other popular social
media platforms.

21. ICT Research Tool:YouTube
 More than 1 billion unique
users visit YouTube each
month
 Over 6 billion hours of
video are watched each
month on YouTube—that's
almost an hour for every
person on Earth, and 50%
more than last year
 100 hours of video are
uploaded to YouTube
every minute 80% of
YouTube traffic comes
from outside the US
 YouTube is localized in 61
countries and across 61
languages

22. ICT Research Tool: Social Media
The number of social media users
are expected to grow 17 per cent to
reach 91 million in urban India by
December 2013, on the back of
rising Internet penetration due to
increasing affordability of
smartphones and availability of cost
effective data plans.
 The number of social media users in
urban India reached 78 million by
June 2013, a report by IAMAI and
IMRB International said.
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You Tube
Facebook
G+
Twitter
LinkedIn
BhartStudent

23. ICT Research Tool: Amazon
Kindle
 The Amazon Kindle
is a series of e-book
readers designed and
marketed by
Amazon.com. Amazon
Kindle devices enable
users to shop for,
download, browse,
and read e-books,
newspapers,
magazines, blogs, and
other digital media via
wireless networking.

24. ICT Research Tool:GOI
http://goidirectory.gov.in/index.php
 A one-point source to
access all Indian
Government Websites
at all levels and from
all sectors.