Isoimmunization in pregnancy occurs when an Rh-negative mother produces antibodies against Rh-positive fetal blood, leading to potential fetal complications, particularly in subsequent pregnancies. These antibodies can cause hemolysis of fetal red blood cells, resulting in conditions such as fetal anemia, hydrops fetalis, and jaundice. Recommendations for managing this condition include specific interventions to monitor and protect fetal health.

1. ISOIMMUNIZATION
IN PREGNANCY
By: dharshini.S
dhilipan.V.E

2. INTRODUCTION
3
Rh incompatibility is a immunological
disorder where the mother produces
antibodies against the blood group factor
present in the red cells of fetus which she
doesn’t possess.
These antibodies freely cross the placenta to
destroy the fetal RBCs.

3. 4
MECHANISM
when the Rh +ve RBCS from the fetus enter circulation of Rh -
ve mother circulate for 120 days
Primary immune response
Undergo degeneration and removed from maternal reticulo endothelial
system wher antigens are released

4. 5
On exposure to 2nd dose of antigen in next pregnancy the
secondary immune response is produced
Sharp rise in IgG levels occurs
The antigen stimulate maternal immune response to release
Rh antibodies in 9 weeks

5. FETAL COMPLICATIONS
6
The first infant is invariably unaffected provided the mother was not
exposed to Rh positive cells
the risk of Rh isoimmunization is higher with second pregnancy
when the maternal antibodies cross the placenta, haemolysis of fetal Rh
positive cells occur leading to fetal anemia
when fetal anemia becom severe, it leads to hydrops fetal is and
stillbirth

6. 12
Hydrops fetal is is invariably fatal presenting with edema,
anasarca, anemia and ascites
Extra medullary erythropoietin results in hepatosplenomegaly and
portal obstruction. Consequently hydrothorax and cardiac failure
occurs..
fetus presenting with anemia without hydrops can develop severe
jaundice and kernicterus after birth
placenta is pale and edematous with swollen villi

7. Recommendation 1
Recommendation 2
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque non elit
mauris. Cras euismod, metus ac finibus.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque non elit
mauris. Cras euismod, metus ac finibus.
RECOMMENDATION
Larana University | 2024
13

8. THANK YOU
Presented By : Adeline Palmerston
Larana University | 2024