Early accounts show that Singapore was called Temasek and was an important trading port dating back to the 13th century, exchanging goods with countries like China, Thailand, and Vietnam. In the 15th century, a Malay chief took control of Temasek but it later lost significance as a trading hub. The Portuguese then burned down a Malay outpost at the mouth of the Singapore River in 1613. Archaeological evidence, including the Singapore Stone, suggests there was a community on the island as far back as the 12th-13th centuries. Raffles chose to establish a British settlement in Singapore in 1819 due to its strategic location and natural harbor. He worked to legitimize British control by recognizing a new local

1. Revision Singapore Before 1819

6. How does it look like?

7. Where was it discovered?

13. Who is He? He was born in 1781. He worked as a clerk In the EIC. 1819 – Founded Singapore when he was the Lieutenant-Governor of Bencoolen. 1826 – Died of brain tumour at the age of 45 years old.

15. And He? He was with Raffles when they landed in Jan 1819. He stayed behind in Singapore when Raffles had to be away. If Singapore was Raffles’ child, is he the nanny who nursed the child to health?

17. Find out his importance!