The document summarizes an expert review of the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) program run by the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust from 2009-2010. Key findings of the review include:
1) The program achieved widespread adoption of SRI practices, training over 56,000 small-holder farmers across 10 states.
2) SRI methods led to substantial increases in rice yields, especially during drought years, demonstrating the method's resilience to climate stress.
3) Capacity building efforts like an SRI e-group helped spread knowledge and influence policy discussions around SRI and small-holder farmers.
This document summarizes agricultural subsidies in India. It acknowledges an online academic writing course and the course coordinator. It then introduces agricultural subsidies in India, noting their important role in the economy and how they protect weaker farmers. It outlines the objectives of studying subsidy types, distribution criteria, and annual budget allocations. The major subsidy types are then defined, including for food, fertilizers, credit, irrigation, power, and seeds. Criteria for distribution are merit, income level, and social group. Budget allocations for the past four years are provided for food subsidies, fertilizer subsidies, and credit subsidies. The conclusion reiterates the significance of subsidies for agricultural production and notes government efforts to develop the system.
It is observed from the analysis that at national level as well as zone level, there is unequal distribution of total subsidies . The increasing rate of total subsidies (fertilizers, electricity and irrigation) is higher than gross cropped area (GCA) during pre, first as well as second phase of liberalization periods. In total subsidies during pre-liberalisation period, the percentage share of fertilizers subsidies is maximum (38.41 in 1980-81 and 37.63 in 1985-86), whereas during 1990-91 to 2000-01, the percentage share of electricity subsidies is maximum and again in 2008-09 fertilizers subsidies has got major percentage share 87.26 per cent in total subsidies. There is a lot of variation to find out the relationship between gross cropped area (GCA) and in total subsidies in zones throughout the study period. As zone level, it is observed that there is a negative relationship between GCA and total subsidies, in west zone and in north zone (in 2006-07) and in east zone (1996-97 and in 2006-07). It is seen that there is a direct relationship in GCA and total subsidies i.e. GCA as well as total subsidies have increased at zone level in west and in north (during 1980-81 to 2000-01), in
south zone (during 1980-81 to 1996-07) and in north-east zone (during 1980-81 to 2006-07). From the above discussion, it is concluded that in India, the total subsidies of fertilizers, electricity and of irrigation have increased in terms of per hectare during pre, first as well as second liberalisation periods, whereas the increasing rate is higher in 1985-86 among all the other years and lowest rate in 2000-01. Productivity has declined in the year 1996-97 at country as well as zone level.
This document is an academic paper on agricultural subsidies in India submitted by Muhammed Basil P. It begins with an acknowledgement of the online course "Academic Writing" and the course coordinator Dr. Ajay Semalty. The introduction provides background on agricultural subsidies in India, noting their importance to the economy and role in protecting farmers. The objectives are listed as studying the types and criteria for distribution of government agriculture subsidies in India and analyzing subsidy allocation in annual budgets. Major subsidy types including food, fertilizer, credit, irrigation, power and seed are outlined. Criteria for distribution include merit, income level and social group. Data on allocation for food and agriculture subsidies over the past 4 years is presented, with amounts increasing each
This document provides an overview and future perspective of Livolink Foundation's System of Rice Intensification (SRI) program in India. It summarizes that SRI was piloted from 2007-2009 across 8 states and 105 districts, reaching 65,543 small farmers cultivating 18,685 acres of land. From 2009-2012, the expansion aimed to reach 169,000 farmers across 12 states, achieving 155,000 farmers. Key achievements included 46% increase in yield and 191% increase in income for farmers. The program also led to food security for participating families and increased economic outputs. However, the document notes some failures in engaging state institutions and lack of research partnerships. It concludes that future directions may include intensifying S
Collectives for Integrated Livelihood Initiativescinicell
The Central India Initiative (CInI) aims to enhance tribal livelihoods through natural resource management in Central India. It focuses on improving agriculture, horticulture, livestock, and water resources across four zones covering nine states. CInI currently works with over 400,000 households across 40 of the most impoverished tribal districts. Its goals for the next five years include reaching 1 million households, doubling average household incomes, and generating 800 million rupees in financial support.
This document summarizes a study on the Khariff Paddy Stabilization program conducted by Collectives for Integrated Livelihood Initiative (CInI) and its 11 partner organizations in Jharkhand, India. The study found that in the previous three years, the program improved cultivation practices and increased paddy productivity and food security for about 45,000 households. Based on the study, the document outlines action plans to expand coverage to 57,000 households across 13 districts in the coming year, increase productivity further, and ensure food security for 270-360 days per household by 2012 through the program. It also proposes standardizing implementation approaches, reporting mechanisms, and establishing linkages with government agencies and research institutions to help stabilize
Government intervention in Agricultural industry and marketing, New farm laws...Yallanagouda Madagoudra
This document provides an overview of agricultural policies and reforms in India. It discusses the government's historical intervention in agriculture since independence, including key schemes like MSP, FCI, and PDS. It then examines agricultural marketing bodies like APMCs and reforms like eNAM. Recent reforms in 2020 aimed to allow barrier-free trade of farm produce and increase private sector participation are also summarized.
This document summarizes agricultural subsidies in India. It acknowledges an online academic writing course and the course coordinator. It then introduces agricultural subsidies in India, noting their important role in the economy and how they protect weaker farmers. It outlines the objectives of studying subsidy types, distribution criteria, and annual budget allocations. The major subsidy types are then defined, including for food, fertilizers, credit, irrigation, power, and seeds. Criteria for distribution are merit, income level, and social group. Budget allocations for the past four years are provided for food subsidies, fertilizer subsidies, and credit subsidies. The conclusion reiterates the significance of subsidies for agricultural production and notes government efforts to develop the system.
It is observed from the analysis that at national level as well as zone level, there is unequal distribution of total subsidies . The increasing rate of total subsidies (fertilizers, electricity and irrigation) is higher than gross cropped area (GCA) during pre, first as well as second phase of liberalization periods. In total subsidies during pre-liberalisation period, the percentage share of fertilizers subsidies is maximum (38.41 in 1980-81 and 37.63 in 1985-86), whereas during 1990-91 to 2000-01, the percentage share of electricity subsidies is maximum and again in 2008-09 fertilizers subsidies has got major percentage share 87.26 per cent in total subsidies. There is a lot of variation to find out the relationship between gross cropped area (GCA) and in total subsidies in zones throughout the study period. As zone level, it is observed that there is a negative relationship between GCA and total subsidies, in west zone and in north zone (in 2006-07) and in east zone (1996-97 and in 2006-07). It is seen that there is a direct relationship in GCA and total subsidies i.e. GCA as well as total subsidies have increased at zone level in west and in north (during 1980-81 to 2000-01), in
south zone (during 1980-81 to 1996-07) and in north-east zone (during 1980-81 to 2006-07). From the above discussion, it is concluded that in India, the total subsidies of fertilizers, electricity and of irrigation have increased in terms of per hectare during pre, first as well as second liberalisation periods, whereas the increasing rate is higher in 1985-86 among all the other years and lowest rate in 2000-01. Productivity has declined in the year 1996-97 at country as well as zone level.
This document is an academic paper on agricultural subsidies in India submitted by Muhammed Basil P. It begins with an acknowledgement of the online course "Academic Writing" and the course coordinator Dr. Ajay Semalty. The introduction provides background on agricultural subsidies in India, noting their importance to the economy and role in protecting farmers. The objectives are listed as studying the types and criteria for distribution of government agriculture subsidies in India and analyzing subsidy allocation in annual budgets. Major subsidy types including food, fertilizer, credit, irrigation, power and seed are outlined. Criteria for distribution include merit, income level and social group. Data on allocation for food and agriculture subsidies over the past 4 years is presented, with amounts increasing each
This document provides an overview and future perspective of Livolink Foundation's System of Rice Intensification (SRI) program in India. It summarizes that SRI was piloted from 2007-2009 across 8 states and 105 districts, reaching 65,543 small farmers cultivating 18,685 acres of land. From 2009-2012, the expansion aimed to reach 169,000 farmers across 12 states, achieving 155,000 farmers. Key achievements included 46% increase in yield and 191% increase in income for farmers. The program also led to food security for participating families and increased economic outputs. However, the document notes some failures in engaging state institutions and lack of research partnerships. It concludes that future directions may include intensifying S
Collectives for Integrated Livelihood Initiativescinicell
The Central India Initiative (CInI) aims to enhance tribal livelihoods through natural resource management in Central India. It focuses on improving agriculture, horticulture, livestock, and water resources across four zones covering nine states. CInI currently works with over 400,000 households across 40 of the most impoverished tribal districts. Its goals for the next five years include reaching 1 million households, doubling average household incomes, and generating 800 million rupees in financial support.
This document summarizes a study on the Khariff Paddy Stabilization program conducted by Collectives for Integrated Livelihood Initiative (CInI) and its 11 partner organizations in Jharkhand, India. The study found that in the previous three years, the program improved cultivation practices and increased paddy productivity and food security for about 45,000 households. Based on the study, the document outlines action plans to expand coverage to 57,000 households across 13 districts in the coming year, increase productivity further, and ensure food security for 270-360 days per household by 2012 through the program. It also proposes standardizing implementation approaches, reporting mechanisms, and establishing linkages with government agencies and research institutions to help stabilize
Government intervention in Agricultural industry and marketing, New farm laws...Yallanagouda Madagoudra
This document provides an overview of agricultural policies and reforms in India. It discusses the government's historical intervention in agriculture since independence, including key schemes like MSP, FCI, and PDS. It then examines agricultural marketing bodies like APMCs and reforms like eNAM. Recent reforms in 2020 aimed to allow barrier-free trade of farm produce and increase private sector participation are also summarized.
Factors influencing farmers participation in smallholderAlexander Decker
- The document discusses factors that influence farmers' participation in smallholder irrigation schemes in Swaziland, using Ntfonjeni Rural Development Area as a case study.
- It analyzes data collected from 96 farming households, comparing 48 participant households to 48 non-participant households.
- The study finds that participation is significantly influenced by distance to the scheme, age and occupation of household head, farm size, and access to credit and other groups. Participation in irrigation schemes improves household output and income.
The document discusses the decline in agriculture's share of India's economy from 57% in 1950-51 to 14% in 2011-12. This is due to factors like government intervention distorting labor and land markets, lack of infrastructure, small land holdings, poor land records, low adoption of technology, illiteracy, inadequate finance, marketing and irrigation. Addressing these bottlenecks through modernization and improved infrastructure could help India not only end hunger domestically but become a major global food exporter.
The document discusses agriculture and rural development in Bangladesh. It covers the following key points:
- Agriculture is the primary economic activity in Bangladesh, employing over one third of the workforce. Major crops include rice, jute, tea, and wheat.
- Rural development programs in Bangladesh have progressed through different stages, from the British colonial period to modern integrated programs and initiatives by the government and NGOs.
- Current government and NGO led initiatives are working to modernize agriculture, provide subsidies, develop climate resilient crops, empower women farmers, and improve rural livelihoods through projects in areas like education, healthcare and infrastructure.
- Despite challenges like population growth, land constraints, and climate change impacts,
Economic measures for doubling farmers' income by 2022 by HARSHIT MISHRAHarshit Mishra
This document provides an overview of various economic measures and policies aimed at doubling farmer's income in India by 2022. It discusses the need to focus on farmer welfare in addition to agricultural output. Key policies and schemes introduced by the government are summarized, including PM-KISAN, soil health cards, and efforts to promote organic farming, crop insurance, and irrigation. The document also examines past trends in farmer income and the various sources of potential income growth, such as livestock, horticulture, and reducing production costs.
Agriculture's contribution to India's GDP has declined from 51.9% in 1950-51 to 13.7% in 2012, though food grain production and productivity has increased. However, growth in the agriculture sector has lagged the overall economy. Productivity remains low at 3.1 tons/hectare compared to the global average of 4.2 tons/hectare. Issues facing the sector include lack of water and labor, low farmer awareness, lack of storage facilities and technology access, and insufficient government support. Solutions proposed include improving irrigation, incentivizing labor, increasing education and awareness programs, boosting storage capacity, and establishing decentralized governing bodies at the block level.
The document discusses a study on the effectiveness of the National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP) in increasing farmers' adoption of irrigation water management (IWM) interventions for wheat cultivation in Banswara district, Rajasthan, India. Key findings of the study include that a similar number of beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers reported high levels of adoption of IWM. Additionally, beneficiaries expressed slightly higher adoption of IWM compared to non-beneficiaries, though the impact of NAIP on adoption appears minimal. The study recommends that project personnel re-evaluate how to better promote adoption of IWM interventions among beneficiary farmers.
This document summarizes a presentation on cooperative versus contract farming in India given to the Department of Agricultural Extension. The key points are:
1) Cooperative farming involves farmers voluntarily pooling resources like land and labor to jointly cultivate farms, while maintaining individual land ownership. Contract farming involves an agreement between farmers and companies to produce crops in exchange for inputs and a guaranteed price.
2) Both approaches aim to improve resource use and farm productivity. Cooperative farming has benefits like cost reduction through economies of scale, while contract farming provides access to inputs, credit, and markets.
3) However, cooperative farming has largely failed in India due to issues like lack of government support and leadership. Contract farming is more prevalent and
The Sir Dorabji Tata Trust began promoting System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in India in 2006 by piloting it with a few partner organizations. The program saw much success in its early years, leading the Trust to launch a full-fledged SRI program in 2008 with a budget of 10.94 crore rupees across eight states. By 2010, the program had expanded to eleven states and 65,000 farmers through 163 partner organizations. Key achievements include 76% increased yields for small farmers, involvement of 143 extension agencies, and adoption of SRI across diverse agro-climatic zones. The Trust also aims to mainstream SRI through policy advocacy and collaboration with state governments and organizations like
The document discusses strategies to boost agricultural productivity in India through public-private partnerships (PPPs). It outlines five themes to transform the agricultural sector's performance, including accelerating sustainable yield improvements, promoting farmer-industry interaction, scaling up food processing and exports, investing in infrastructure with private participation, and nurturing agri-business entrepreneurs. It proposes establishing Agricultural Training Institutes through PPPs to develop skilled workers. An organizational structure is suggested with representation from farmers, private partners, and local communities to effectively manage PPP initiatives at the village and nodal levels. The roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders including government, private sector, and farmers are defined to facilitate productive PPPs while mitigating risks.
A Survey Study on Farmers’ Attitude Regarding Strawberry CultivationPremier Publishers
The major objective of this study was to explore the attitude and determine the contribution of the selected characteristics of the farmers on their attitude regarding strawberry cultivation. The selected characteristics were age, level of education, farm size, strawberry cultivation area, annual family income, income from strawberry cultivation, training exposure, extension contact, strawberry cultivation experience, problem faced in strawberry cultivation, knowledge and practice on strawberry cultivation. Data were collected from 113 farmers from two villages (Shahapur and Mirkamari) of Charghat Upazila under Rajshahi District by using a pretested interview schedule. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, range and percentage were used to describe the variables under consideration. Stepwise multiple regressions were used to examine the contribution of the selected characteristics of the farmers on their attitude regarding strawberry cultivation using SPSS software. Overwhelming 97.3% of the respondents had a low to high favorable attitude towards strawberry cultivation. Where, 51.3% farmers had a medium favorable attitude, 40.7% had a low favorable attitude and 5.3% farmers had a high favorable attitude. Stepwise multiple regressions exposed that knowledge on strawberry cultivation, Problem faced in strawberry cultivation, Strawberry cultivation experience, age, level of education and income from strawberry cultivation of the strawberry farmers had significant contribution on their attitude towards strawberry cultivation and which contribute 63.4% of the total variation. The percentages of favorable attitudes among the farmers are satisfactory but the study recommended that proper support of extension agents should be given in each step of strawberry cultivation, postharvest management and marketing period to keep up the positive attitude of the farmers.
Participants in a national workshop on SRI convened October 10, hosted at the National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research in cooperation with the NGO PRADAN, agreed to form a National Consortium on SRI to advance the understanding and utilization of SRI methods across India. PPT by BC Barah and C Shambu Prasad
This document summarizes SeSTA's experience promoting the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method in Assam, India. It outlines the need for SRI due to low yields from traditional rice cultivation. SeSTA's objectives were to teach SRI principles to 12,500 small farmers to improve yields. Key strategies included demonstrations, community mobilization, capacity building, and encouraging standard SRI practices. The program expanded from 2 districts in 2010-11 to 8 districts by 2012-13. SRI rice yields averaged 4.9 tons/hectare compared to 1.9 tons/hectare previously. SRI principles were also successfully applied to maize cultivation, increasing average yields to 13.2 tons
Prospectus and challenges of contract farming in IndiaDevegowda S R
1) Contract farming can help smaller farmers participate in commercial agriculture by providing inputs, financing, technology and guaranteed markets. It allows farmers access to modern inputs while giving companies a stable supply chain.
2) Studies have shown contract farming can increase yields and profits for farmers compared to non-contract farming. However, it also carries risks of overreliance and manipulation that must be addressed.
3) For contract farming to succeed, frameworks are needed to ensure fair pricing, dispute resolution and benefits for both farmers and companies. The government has a role in facilitating contract registration, research, and developing insurance products.
IFPRI- CSISA organized a one day high level policy roundtable on Sustainable Intensification in India’s Risk-Prone Ecologies: Investment strategies for productivity growth, resource conservation, and climate risk management” on May 19, 2014 in New Delhi.
This roundtable, brings together a high-level small group of individuals from the corporate, government, and research sectors to address one of India’s most urgent challenges to food security and economic growth—how to encourage private sector investment in accelerating productivity growth in India’s risk-prone ecologies while simultaneously conserving the environment.
There are solutions already in farmers’ fields and rural markets that respond to these challenges, and this Roundtable will highlight recent advances, for example: innovative financial products and information services for small-scale farmers; diagnostic tools for managing water and soil nutrient scarcity; custom-hired resource-conserving machinery for small farms; crop diversification and high-value marketing strategies; and stress-resistant wheat and rice varieties. But the search for solutions is far from complete. This Roundtable is meant to engage participants in a rapid-fire discussion of recent technical solutions in Indian agriculture, the prospects for policy change, and corporate outlooks for the next five years. The purpose is to help public and private sector players to identify common investment strategies, forge partnerships, and chalk out collaborative efforts to effect technological, market, and policy improvements in India’s risk prone ecologies.
Indira Gandhi Institute for Development Studies(IGIDR), and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) on
‘Harnessing Opportunities to Improve Agri-Food Systems’ on July 24-25 , 2014 in New Delhi.
The two day conference aims to discuss the agricultural priority of the government and develop a road map to realise these priorities for improved agri food systems.
The document summarizes a workshop held in Chhattisgarh, India on promoting the System of Rice
Intensification (SRI) method of cultivation. [1] SRI has led to improved rice yields of 50-300% in trials over the
past decade. [2] The workshop brought together over 225 participants, including farmers, scientists, and
government officials, to discuss experiences with and strategies for expanding SRI. [3] Government leaders
expressed support for further promoting SRI to increase food security and productivity in Chhattisgarh, a major
rice producing state.
The document summarizes a workshop held in Chhattisgarh, India on promoting the System of Rice
Intensification (SRI) method of cultivation. SRI has led to improved rice yields of 50-300% in trials. It is beneficial
for small farmers with little access to irrigation. The workshop brought together over 225 participants, including
farmers, scientists, and government officials, to share experiences and discuss expanding SRI adoption.
Presentations showed SRI yielding 4.8 metric tons/hectare on average, even during a drought, with some
yields reaching 10 tons/hectare. The Chief Minister and Chief Secretary expressed support for further
promoting SRI through ensuring
Measuring the cost of production and returns of hyv boro rice farmers :A stud...Kanok Chowdhury
This study is on the measurement of the cost and return of HYV boro rice farmers in comilla district. This study contributes to a better understanding of the factors that influence financial and economic profitability of HYV boro rice. In addition, this study highlights how cost of labor and commodities used in agriculture affect profitability and production of HYV boro rice crop in comilla district.
Factors influencing farmers participation in smallholderAlexander Decker
- The document discusses factors that influence farmers' participation in smallholder irrigation schemes in Swaziland, using Ntfonjeni Rural Development Area as a case study.
- It analyzes data collected from 96 farming households, comparing 48 participant households to 48 non-participant households.
- The study finds that participation is significantly influenced by distance to the scheme, age and occupation of household head, farm size, and access to credit and other groups. Participation in irrigation schemes improves household output and income.
The document discusses the decline in agriculture's share of India's economy from 57% in 1950-51 to 14% in 2011-12. This is due to factors like government intervention distorting labor and land markets, lack of infrastructure, small land holdings, poor land records, low adoption of technology, illiteracy, inadequate finance, marketing and irrigation. Addressing these bottlenecks through modernization and improved infrastructure could help India not only end hunger domestically but become a major global food exporter.
The document discusses agriculture and rural development in Bangladesh. It covers the following key points:
- Agriculture is the primary economic activity in Bangladesh, employing over one third of the workforce. Major crops include rice, jute, tea, and wheat.
- Rural development programs in Bangladesh have progressed through different stages, from the British colonial period to modern integrated programs and initiatives by the government and NGOs.
- Current government and NGO led initiatives are working to modernize agriculture, provide subsidies, develop climate resilient crops, empower women farmers, and improve rural livelihoods through projects in areas like education, healthcare and infrastructure.
- Despite challenges like population growth, land constraints, and climate change impacts,
Economic measures for doubling farmers' income by 2022 by HARSHIT MISHRAHarshit Mishra
This document provides an overview of various economic measures and policies aimed at doubling farmer's income in India by 2022. It discusses the need to focus on farmer welfare in addition to agricultural output. Key policies and schemes introduced by the government are summarized, including PM-KISAN, soil health cards, and efforts to promote organic farming, crop insurance, and irrigation. The document also examines past trends in farmer income and the various sources of potential income growth, such as livestock, horticulture, and reducing production costs.
Agriculture's contribution to India's GDP has declined from 51.9% in 1950-51 to 13.7% in 2012, though food grain production and productivity has increased. However, growth in the agriculture sector has lagged the overall economy. Productivity remains low at 3.1 tons/hectare compared to the global average of 4.2 tons/hectare. Issues facing the sector include lack of water and labor, low farmer awareness, lack of storage facilities and technology access, and insufficient government support. Solutions proposed include improving irrigation, incentivizing labor, increasing education and awareness programs, boosting storage capacity, and establishing decentralized governing bodies at the block level.
The document discusses a study on the effectiveness of the National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP) in increasing farmers' adoption of irrigation water management (IWM) interventions for wheat cultivation in Banswara district, Rajasthan, India. Key findings of the study include that a similar number of beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers reported high levels of adoption of IWM. Additionally, beneficiaries expressed slightly higher adoption of IWM compared to non-beneficiaries, though the impact of NAIP on adoption appears minimal. The study recommends that project personnel re-evaluate how to better promote adoption of IWM interventions among beneficiary farmers.
This document summarizes a presentation on cooperative versus contract farming in India given to the Department of Agricultural Extension. The key points are:
1) Cooperative farming involves farmers voluntarily pooling resources like land and labor to jointly cultivate farms, while maintaining individual land ownership. Contract farming involves an agreement between farmers and companies to produce crops in exchange for inputs and a guaranteed price.
2) Both approaches aim to improve resource use and farm productivity. Cooperative farming has benefits like cost reduction through economies of scale, while contract farming provides access to inputs, credit, and markets.
3) However, cooperative farming has largely failed in India due to issues like lack of government support and leadership. Contract farming is more prevalent and
The Sir Dorabji Tata Trust began promoting System of Rice Intensification (SRI) in India in 2006 by piloting it with a few partner organizations. The program saw much success in its early years, leading the Trust to launch a full-fledged SRI program in 2008 with a budget of 10.94 crore rupees across eight states. By 2010, the program had expanded to eleven states and 65,000 farmers through 163 partner organizations. Key achievements include 76% increased yields for small farmers, involvement of 143 extension agencies, and adoption of SRI across diverse agro-climatic zones. The Trust also aims to mainstream SRI through policy advocacy and collaboration with state governments and organizations like
The document discusses strategies to boost agricultural productivity in India through public-private partnerships (PPPs). It outlines five themes to transform the agricultural sector's performance, including accelerating sustainable yield improvements, promoting farmer-industry interaction, scaling up food processing and exports, investing in infrastructure with private participation, and nurturing agri-business entrepreneurs. It proposes establishing Agricultural Training Institutes through PPPs to develop skilled workers. An organizational structure is suggested with representation from farmers, private partners, and local communities to effectively manage PPP initiatives at the village and nodal levels. The roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders including government, private sector, and farmers are defined to facilitate productive PPPs while mitigating risks.
A Survey Study on Farmers’ Attitude Regarding Strawberry CultivationPremier Publishers
The major objective of this study was to explore the attitude and determine the contribution of the selected characteristics of the farmers on their attitude regarding strawberry cultivation. The selected characteristics were age, level of education, farm size, strawberry cultivation area, annual family income, income from strawberry cultivation, training exposure, extension contact, strawberry cultivation experience, problem faced in strawberry cultivation, knowledge and practice on strawberry cultivation. Data were collected from 113 farmers from two villages (Shahapur and Mirkamari) of Charghat Upazila under Rajshahi District by using a pretested interview schedule. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, range and percentage were used to describe the variables under consideration. Stepwise multiple regressions were used to examine the contribution of the selected characteristics of the farmers on their attitude regarding strawberry cultivation using SPSS software. Overwhelming 97.3% of the respondents had a low to high favorable attitude towards strawberry cultivation. Where, 51.3% farmers had a medium favorable attitude, 40.7% had a low favorable attitude and 5.3% farmers had a high favorable attitude. Stepwise multiple regressions exposed that knowledge on strawberry cultivation, Problem faced in strawberry cultivation, Strawberry cultivation experience, age, level of education and income from strawberry cultivation of the strawberry farmers had significant contribution on their attitude towards strawberry cultivation and which contribute 63.4% of the total variation. The percentages of favorable attitudes among the farmers are satisfactory but the study recommended that proper support of extension agents should be given in each step of strawberry cultivation, postharvest management and marketing period to keep up the positive attitude of the farmers.
Participants in a national workshop on SRI convened October 10, hosted at the National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research in cooperation with the NGO PRADAN, agreed to form a National Consortium on SRI to advance the understanding and utilization of SRI methods across India. PPT by BC Barah and C Shambu Prasad
This document summarizes SeSTA's experience promoting the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method in Assam, India. It outlines the need for SRI due to low yields from traditional rice cultivation. SeSTA's objectives were to teach SRI principles to 12,500 small farmers to improve yields. Key strategies included demonstrations, community mobilization, capacity building, and encouraging standard SRI practices. The program expanded from 2 districts in 2010-11 to 8 districts by 2012-13. SRI rice yields averaged 4.9 tons/hectare compared to 1.9 tons/hectare previously. SRI principles were also successfully applied to maize cultivation, increasing average yields to 13.2 tons
Prospectus and challenges of contract farming in IndiaDevegowda S R
1) Contract farming can help smaller farmers participate in commercial agriculture by providing inputs, financing, technology and guaranteed markets. It allows farmers access to modern inputs while giving companies a stable supply chain.
2) Studies have shown contract farming can increase yields and profits for farmers compared to non-contract farming. However, it also carries risks of overreliance and manipulation that must be addressed.
3) For contract farming to succeed, frameworks are needed to ensure fair pricing, dispute resolution and benefits for both farmers and companies. The government has a role in facilitating contract registration, research, and developing insurance products.
IFPRI- CSISA organized a one day high level policy roundtable on Sustainable Intensification in India’s Risk-Prone Ecologies: Investment strategies for productivity growth, resource conservation, and climate risk management” on May 19, 2014 in New Delhi.
This roundtable, brings together a high-level small group of individuals from the corporate, government, and research sectors to address one of India’s most urgent challenges to food security and economic growth—how to encourage private sector investment in accelerating productivity growth in India’s risk-prone ecologies while simultaneously conserving the environment.
There are solutions already in farmers’ fields and rural markets that respond to these challenges, and this Roundtable will highlight recent advances, for example: innovative financial products and information services for small-scale farmers; diagnostic tools for managing water and soil nutrient scarcity; custom-hired resource-conserving machinery for small farms; crop diversification and high-value marketing strategies; and stress-resistant wheat and rice varieties. But the search for solutions is far from complete. This Roundtable is meant to engage participants in a rapid-fire discussion of recent technical solutions in Indian agriculture, the prospects for policy change, and corporate outlooks for the next five years. The purpose is to help public and private sector players to identify common investment strategies, forge partnerships, and chalk out collaborative efforts to effect technological, market, and policy improvements in India’s risk prone ecologies.
Indira Gandhi Institute for Development Studies(IGIDR), and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) on
‘Harnessing Opportunities to Improve Agri-Food Systems’ on July 24-25 , 2014 in New Delhi.
The two day conference aims to discuss the agricultural priority of the government and develop a road map to realise these priorities for improved agri food systems.
The document summarizes a workshop held in Chhattisgarh, India on promoting the System of Rice
Intensification (SRI) method of cultivation. [1] SRI has led to improved rice yields of 50-300% in trials over the
past decade. [2] The workshop brought together over 225 participants, including farmers, scientists, and
government officials, to discuss experiences with and strategies for expanding SRI. [3] Government leaders
expressed support for further promoting SRI to increase food security and productivity in Chhattisgarh, a major
rice producing state.
The document summarizes a workshop held in Chhattisgarh, India on promoting the System of Rice
Intensification (SRI) method of cultivation. SRI has led to improved rice yields of 50-300% in trials. It is beneficial
for small farmers with little access to irrigation. The workshop brought together over 225 participants, including
farmers, scientists, and government officials, to share experiences and discuss expanding SRI adoption.
Presentations showed SRI yielding 4.8 metric tons/hectare on average, even during a drought, with some
yields reaching 10 tons/hectare. The Chief Minister and Chief Secretary expressed support for further
promoting SRI through ensuring
Measuring the cost of production and returns of hyv boro rice farmers :A stud...Kanok Chowdhury
This study is on the measurement of the cost and return of HYV boro rice farmers in comilla district. This study contributes to a better understanding of the factors that influence financial and economic profitability of HYV boro rice. In addition, this study highlights how cost of labor and commodities used in agriculture affect profitability and production of HYV boro rice crop in comilla district.
The two-day meeting brought together 54 participants from 10 partner organizations across 10 states. The objectives were to develop a roadmap for scaling up SRI implementation in 2010-2011 and sharing best practices. Presentations were given on learning from the program, a drought study, government initiatives in Orissa, and experiences from various partner organizations. Key challenges discussed included access to inputs, suitable practices for different regions, and ensuring timely operations. The meeting aimed to intensify efforts around capacity building, knowledge sharing, and promoting wider adoption of SRI.
The document summarizes activities from the SRI-LMB project in several Southeast Asian countries. It discusses:
1) A field mission in Laos to review implementation of participatory farmer research sites, visiting 25 sites across 3 provinces. Most crops were ready for harvest, with farmers reporting benefits of SRI including increased yields and reduced costs.
2) Continuing support for women farmer groups in Vietnam involved in the research sites, focusing on demonstrations, trials of alternative pest management practices, and policy engagement.
3) A national planning workshop in Vietnam where participants discussed scaling up SRI practices through integration into extension activities and promoting large contiguous demonstrations.
The document discusses Nestle India's efforts to promote sustainable agriculture and water stewardship. It describes projects Nestle has partnered on to introduce more efficient cultivation techniques for water-intensive crops like rice and sugarcane in the Kabini River basin. These techniques aim to benefit farmers through higher yields and lower costs while reducing water usage and promoting better soil health. The document also outlines Nestle's work with coffee and milk farmers to raise awareness on water conservation practices like drip irrigation, recycling, and optimizing water use.
Author: B.C. Barah
Title: Upscaling Agroecological Innovations for Sustainable Food and LIvelihood Security - Special Focus on SRI and SCI in India
Event: SRI-LMB Regional Workshop
Date: November 1-2, 2018
Venue: Novotel Sukhumvit Hotel, Bangkok. Thailand
This reduction in supply along with the support by a number of Government schemes, including MGNREGA has led to an escalation in farm wages which is adversely impacting the profitability of the farmer. Rural wages have been growing by 17% on average since 2006-07 outstripping urban wages. At the same time, the increase in wages, without an increase in productivity, is fueling inflation.
1) Agriculture faces problems due to limited land supply, making sustained food imports not viable for India's needs. Increased agricultural productivity is required to ensure food security for current and future populations.
2) While services have replaced agriculture as the largest GDP contributor, agriculture remains the largest employer in India. The development of high-yielding seeds and the fertilizer-irrigation package in the 1960s led to large increases in productivity.
3) There are still significant variations in productivity across states and regions in India, highlighting the need to address disparities. Increased production is also required to meet projected demand increases for items like oilseeds, fish, eggs, and fruits by 2020-2021.
This document discusses the development of agriculture in India since independence. It notes that agricultural production has grown at 2.6% annually since independence, compared to 1% annually in the previous 50 years. This growth has shifted from being primarily due to expansion of agricultural land to increases in productivity. The government of India has taken several steps to support agriculture, including land reforms, ensuring remunerative prices, investment in research and extension services, and improving rural infrastructure. The document also provides an overview of the types of farming practiced in India.
Trends In Area Production And Productivity of Groundnut In India: Issues & Ch...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: India has been ranking among top three producers of Groundnut in the world, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamilnadu being the major producing states in the country. However, there has been a consistent fluctuation in the area and production over the years and across the states. The paper aims to examine the trends in area under cultivation, production and productivity of Groundnut in India by deploying orthogonal polynomial technique on the time series data of fifty years. It also analyses the area and productivity effect as preliminary determinants of production. The major issues and challenges relating to production and productivity of Groundnut have also been dealt with. Concluding remarks suggest some recommendations for augmenting the overall production and its consistency.
Upscaling of Learnings from ICRISAT-GoK InitiativesICRISAT
A presentation by Dr Suhas P. Wani (Director ICRISAT Development Center) titled Up-scaling of Learning from ICRISAT-GoK Initiatives
Journey thru ICRISAT and Government of Karnataka, India Initiatives 2003 - 2014
APPLICATION OF GOAL PROGRAMMING APPROACH ON FINDING AN OPTIMAL LAND ALLOCATIO...orajjournal
Agriculture is the main contribution to the rural economy of Sri Lanka. This study is carried on finding optimal land allocation for cultivation using goal programming approach. Five crops namely Cowpea, Black gram, Finger Millet, Maize and Soya Bean were selected to the study. This land allocation is for
Anuradhapura District since it is the major agricultural district in Sri Lanka. Preemptive Goal Programming method is used in finding the optimal land allocation. Three goals are considered according to their priorities to seek the optimal solution. MS Excel Solver is used to implement the linear model. The
data was collected from Annual Reports of Department of Agriculture. According to the final results obtained by goal programming approach, all five crops are reached their expected production. But the extent in yala(Dry Season) and maha(Rainy Season) season is changed. Overall result shows that new allocation exceeds the production and profit as well as minimizing the production cost. This mathematical
model can easily be used on any other crop in any district by changing the variable coefficients and constraint values
Factors influencing farmer’s participation in agricultural projects the case ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that aimed to identify factors influencing farmers' participation in agricultural projects in Ghana. It provides background on the importance of agriculture in Ghana and the northern region, as well as poverty levels. It then describes the Agricultural Value Chain Mentorship Project (AVCMP) being implemented in the region. The study used a survey of 180 farmers in two districts to analyze factors affecting participation. Results from a probit model indicated that years of schooling, access to production credit, and access to agricultural extension services significantly determined farmers' participation in projects. Farmer interest can be sustained by providing tangible benefits like credit and extension.
Information technology in agriculture of bangladesh and other developing coun...Chittagong university
This document discusses using information and communication technologies (ICTs) for agricultural extension in developing countries like Bangladesh. It first provides background on Bangladesh's agriculture sector, which relies heavily on rice production. Traditional agricultural extension programs that aim to increase technology adoption among small-scale farmers have had mixed results. The document then explores how ICTs could help overcome issues like lack of access to information that limit technology adoption. It reviews current ICT-based agricultural extension programs and their potential to improve farmers' knowledge, adoption of new technologies, and welfare. The document concludes by recommending further research on the impact of ICT-based extension in developing countries.
Sustainable Soy Newsletter edition September 2015Suresh07
The document summarizes the activities of the National Platform for Sustainable Soy (NPSS) in India. Key events discussed include:
1) NPSS organized the Sustainable Soy Week in June 2015 and the National Conference on Sustainable Soy in October 2015 to bring together stakeholders from across the soy sector to discuss sustainability issues and opportunities for collaboration.
2) Over 200 participants representing government, academia, industry, farmers' organizations, and civil society attended the National Conference to identify challenges, solutions, and areas for partnership regarding sustainable soy.
3) Speakers at the conference emphasized the potential to increase soy productivity in India through improved varieties and sustainable farming practices, and highlighted the importance of multi-stakeholder engagement
Proceedings Partners Meet 22-24 February 2011 DehradunAjatus Software
The three day meeting witnessed participation from 71 representatives from government, NGOs, and civil society working in development. The meeting was organized to share experiences promoting the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) across India. Participants presented on their work applying SRI principles in their states and collaborating with local governments. The meeting aimed to discuss challenges and solutions to implementation, and expanding SRI principles to other crops to improve food security.
Geospatial Analysis of Irrigation Challenges and Opportunities in JharkhandAI Publications
Agriculture has been the principal livelihood alternative of mankind to begin stationary human development and water was of primary significance for field crops after soil. Customary watering of plants gave enlargement of homestead items, which lead to the introduction of the possibility of irrigation. Steadily the procedures of irrigation advanced from customary to present day with proper method of time diffused various pieces of the world. Irrigation is characterized as the counterfeit utilization of water to soil for consistently providing the dampness basic for plant development. It achieved in various ways by flooding, wrinkles, spreading, by applying water underneath the land surfaces by sub-irrigation. Irrigation is firmly identified with various physical and social viewpoints. Indian agriculture history goes back to certain centuries and Chakulia, has been rice bowl for Jharkhand. Ranchi is one of the most famous city and district of Jharkhand. From the goes back, the economy of the district was agrarian and irrigation was the parts and package of the livelihood of the general population. The present research has been completed dependent on issues and prospects of irrigation in the district. The prime goals of the study are I) Finding out the determinants of irrigation, ii) Examining the Spatio-worldly variety of irrigation, iii) Exposing the effect of irrigation on agriculture and economy of the rancher, iv) Identifying the issues identified with irrigation in the district and v) studying the irrigation accessibility both surface and ground water in the district.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
1. Review of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) Program of Sir Dorabji Tata Trust, Mumbai<br />2009-10<br />Reviewers: <br />Dr BC Barah, Director, National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research (NCAP), New Delhi.<br />Dr MC Diwakar, Director, Directorate of Rice Development (DRD), Patna.<br />Dr Shambu Prasad, Associate Professor, Xavier’s Institute of Management, Bhubaneswar (XIM-B). Executive Summary of Expert Review of SRI Program of the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust (SDTT)<br />Indian agriculture is at the crossroads today, as food security is threatened, (2009, which was also the warmest year since 1901), total factor productivity has declined steadily (indicating declining role of technology) and the socio economic changes (for instance, food inflation and agricultural price spiral), has caused several distortions in rural economy. Frequent occurrences of water stress below the field capacity also causes drastic reduction in food production.<br />The Sir Dorabji Tata Trust (SDTT) sanctioned in December 2007 a grant of Rs 1094 lakhs for three years in several states of India. SDTT constituted an expert team to review the program achievement and impacts, and the role of the Trust and its way forward on SRI. The review team comprising of Dr B C Barah of the National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research (NCAP), Dr C Shambu Prasad of the Xavier Institute of Management Bhubaneswar (XIMB) and Dr D R Diwakar of the Directorate of Rice Development Patna (DRD) had extensive interactions with the SDTT Programme staff including the SRI Secretariat and visited three locations where SRI practice has been extensive in the project – Uttarakhand, Orissa and Bihar in November 2009 and January 2010 as part of the review. This report presents the views of the expert team on the project impacts and ways forward for the Trust.<br />The Trust has set itself a five year strategic plan for tackling household level food security for small and marginal farmers in India with a focus on states and regions with poor Human Development Indicators in 2007. The emphasis was laid on System of Rice Intensification (SRI). SRI is an innovation, a practice that emerged from the farmers’ fields, which has the most important property of productivity enhancing as well as resource conserving leading to sustainability. The SRI practice was experimented by some of SDTT partners to improve agricultural productivity in eastern India since 2002. SDTT was considering an expansion of its activities at a time when awareness of SRI especially in the southern states was quite high with several media reports and also some controversies in the twenty first century often referred to as ‘Rice Wars’. Two national symposiums on SRI were held at Hyderabad and Agartala in 2006 and 2007 and yet support on SRI at the beginning of Phase 1 of the project was dispersed, with some state governments like Tripura and Tamil Nadu taking leads, others like Andhra Pradesh not delivering on its initial promise, and most other regions having SRI experience but lacking critical mass to influence public policy and unable to attract investments. <br />SRI for Food Security:<br />The novel initiatives of the Trust’s project phase I on SRI needs to be seen as a significant initiative embarking on a social cause of improving agricultural productivity for meeting the basic human needs and household food security of the millions small and marginal farmers. While national food security goals can be met through increased productivity in favoured regions as was witnessed during the Green Revolution and/or food import, such a strategy has huge environmental externality. This is seen in term of large and competing water demands for irrigation, land quality, declining total factor productivity and degrading precious natural resource. In this context, the lesser exploited rain fed areas by contrast provide excellent opportunities for increasing rice productivity in one part, entrusting livelihood to the millions in other part with significant impact on poverty reduction through SRI. The SDTT project is thus a potential winner in terms of strategizing and improving agricultural productivity as part of its strategy. It has also added an important dimension to rice debates in India by adding a small and marginal farmer focus with substantial potential for poverty reduction in regions.<br />Programme achievements and Impacts:<br />In 2006 only two SDTT partners were in SRI; that increased to five in 2007. At the time of this review and assessment work in December 2009, the partners crossed 150 in ten states having trained and contacting over 56,000 farmers by the Kharif season of 2009. Based on past trends and with a possible addition of another 10,000 farmers in Rabi 2009-2010, the total spread could be around 65,000 farmers directly (and even more number indirectly due to demonstration effect). The programme covered 105 districts or close to a sixth of the total districts in the country. Achieving this remarkable spread of a sustainable farming system with a modest investment of over Rs 10.94 crores is commendable and has few parallels in the history of agricultural research in India. This assumes added important especially at a time when there has been a large scale distress and farm suicide in India. The review team congratulates the project team and its partners for bringing hope to small and marginal farmers even as large numbers of them have been migrating or looking at other livelihood options and abandoning agriculture. This ‘reaching out’ to rural communities has been done in an extremely cost effective manner. SRI, as is evident from the partners database of increased yields, is indeed a fit case for meeting the Triple Bottom Line of People, Planet and Profit. <br />Increase in rice yields through SRI by SDTT partners is currently being evaluated through a detailed Management Information System (MIS) that is currently in place by the SRI Secretariat at Bhubaneswar and is still being processed. However visits by the project team to the field areas indicate that there has been an average increase in yield of 70% (in Uttarakhand) in the first three years (67, 87 and 53%, respectively, in 2006-2009, and straw yield increases were 25, 34 and 31%) due to SRI. Of greater interest is the emerging result for the current year when many parts of India witnessed severe drought, and overall rice production is estimated to be lower by 10 million tonnes in Kharif. Yet in Uttarakhand, farmers witnessed over 92% increase through SRI over conventional methods indicating the potential of SRI to cope with vulnerability to climate stress. Farmers in Bihar have achieved and received awards from the state government for very high rice productivity of over 10 tonnes/ hectare through SRI. The team did not come across any significant instances of SRI crops having failed during its visits or of farmers disadopting SRI after one or two seasons. Variations amongst regions and farmers are there, however, and need to be respected and appreciated when designing further SRI strategies.<br />Drought and Resilience of SRI:<br />Of particular interest is the resilience of SRI methods in unprecedented drought of the current year 2009. Many which jolted the food economy with overall rice production estimated to be lower by 11 million tonnes. Analysis shows that rice yield under common method declined by 39% due to drought, while the same is only 13% of SRI paddy in Uttarkhand. Actually, in Uttarakhand farmers experienced over 92% increase through SRI over conventional rice plants indicating the potential of SRI to cope with vulnerable climate stress. Farmers in Bihar have achieved and received awards from the state government for very high rice productivity of over 10 tonnes/ hectare through SRI. The team felt the fact that SRI crops did not fail and there were no instances of farmers disadopting it season after season, need to be respected and appreciated while designing SRI strategies.<br />The team members also observed several tangible and intangible benefits of SRI in terms of extra-ordinary savings in expensive modern seeds, precious water (30-40%), growing season duration, reverse migration, revealing labour saving and opportunities for gender participation. Apart from these measured benefits, the valuation of unconventional factors of production such as power and synergy of solar energy, atmospheric air, microbial population and root system, certainly add more value to the approach to attract research and policy attention.<br />Capacity Building:<br />The physical achievement of the project has to be seen in terms of institutional innovations and strategies that the project has been able to put in place. Key to this is the ability of SDTT and its partners to adapt to the ever-changing SRI and rice environment in the country, learning from and contributing to it at the same time. SDTT has used platforms such as the national symposiums on SRI to provide opportunities for its partners to have a wider exposure with SRI developments both nationally and internationally and at the same time influencing the SRI agenda towards a stronger focus on rainfed and small and marginal farmers. A novel initiative in broad-basing and learning by building on synergies is the SRI e-group started soon after the Agartala symposium in October 2007. The e-group currently has over 350 members, not all SRI partners, and is the largest SRI e-group internationally. With over 15 international partners and substantial contribution from members from Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh (not covered by SDTT project), the e-group has provided tremendous opportunity for SDTT partners to keep abreast with the SRI community. <br />Policy and Advocacy:<br />SDTT and its partners have also started playing a more active role in policy advocacy. The strategy here has been sound and based on first bringing about a change in the field and establishing a critical mass of SRI farmers and then using their experiences to influence and impact on public policy, especially at the state level. SDTT partners have joined and created learning alliances as in Orissa wherein a conducive atmosphere has emerged with the state government willing to collaborate with civil society organisations for SRI uptake and with participation of research and non-research actors. A mega alliance of NFSM of the government of India and civil society organisation is a necessity for broadening a national-wide promotion of SRI.<br />In Uttarakhand, state-level symposiums and involvement of agricultural scientists and agriculture extension personnel in crop-cutting exercises have helped validate SRI results with the state government, incorporating SRI as part of its agricultural plan. In Bihar, synergistic alliances with the Bihar Rural Livelihood programme-Aajevika have enabled SRI extension. Other states too have either conducted or are in the process of carrying out state-level workshops to explore opportunities in their respective regions. In the absence of a clear SRI policy nationally, and with some policy actors not favourably disposed to SRI as was witnessed in some national-level meetings, the current model of multi-stakeholder state-level workshops and alliances is sound. In some states these workshops have led to increased public investment in SRI through schemes like the Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) or the National Food Security Mission (NFSM) with strategic collaborations with district-level agencies such as ATMA (Agricultural Technology Management Agency). <br />Gender participation and mainstreaming:<br />The internal strategy for SRI by the SDTT partners has been unconventional in agricultural extension but quite effective. Women have been the prime movers of agricultural innovation in many of the SDTT areas directly in states like Uttarakhand and through their Self Help Groups in Bihar, West Bengal, etc. by organisations such as PRADAN, where they have been trained as Cluster Resource Persons (CRP), or in enrolling farmers, as BASIX has tried in Bihar. The SRI project and SDTT partners have demonstrated the latent potential of women playing a pro-active role in SRI extension (the review team interacted with large women groups in Bihar, Uttarkhand and Orissa). <br />SDTT partners have also unlocked the creative potential of local farmers and extension personnel that is encouraging. There have been several innovations on markers, weeders and providing organic inputs and bio-pesticides such as Panchagavya, Jeevamrut etc. prepared and sold affordably using local materials; cow dung, urine, curd, ghee and other local inputs (found in our visit to BOJBP in Nayagarh district of Orissa). The broad principles have been understood and adapted locally by partners with different models for extension and incorporation. The transition to more organic and less chemical farming is evident currently amongst the 56000 strong farming households in ten SDTT states.<br />Spill over Effect: SRI in other crops<br />Importantly, through the work of SDTT partners, India today has emerged as the largest adopted System of Crop Intensification (SCI) efforts in the world. As spill over effect, innovations on wheat, kidney beans, millets, mustard, vegetables even has been extensive with over 25000 farmers in Bihar and Uttarakhand. This phenomenon of transgressing beyond rice is significant and merits closer attention by policy makers.<br />Way Forward:<br />Overall there is much to commend on the project in terms of impact, innovations, ability of SDTT partners to cope with drought, and influencing policy at state and national levels. The review team feels that the project surely deserves an extension and enhanced support although with a revised strategy of support in the coming years. This includes both strengthening and streamlining of internal systems of SDTT at Mumbai and secretariat at Bhubaneswar, strategic and region-based planning at the field locations, and greater presence and positioning at the national and international levels. The team recommends continuation of existing strategies with following possible changes at each of these levels.<br />One of the parameters of success of a project can be gauged by the demand it can and has generated through requests for continued support and expansion to newer areas. The SDTT programme office has received several requests from states where it does not have presence and yet where it can be important in the longer run from a national perspective. Should SDTT increase the number of states or deepen its work in current states? Should it enhance its contribution and investment, or think of moving to other regions? Should it expand area or concentrate on strategic extension of, for example, greater organic content, extension to other crops, etc.? The expanded scale of activities on SRI would require a decision-making structure that is not heavily loaded on the programme officer. The trust would do well to have a programme committee or work towards a decision-making mechanism that will enable quick decision making by a system of experts. <br />Any social investment to be effective should be cost effective, efficient and in addition (in this case under consideration) to produce user accepted public good. Incidentally, the government of India seriously recognised SRI as a engine of food security and taken it on board under the mega schemes of National Food Security Mission and also considered under the RKVY (Rashtriya Krishi Vikash Yojana) in some of the implementing states. Interestingly, the SRI under NFSM and of SDTT started in the same period (middle of 2007). A back-of-the envelop calculation shows that a total outlay of nearly Rs.200 crores under NFSM allotted to SRI component to 132 identified districts in 17 states. Three components viz, conoweeder/equipments, demonstration trials and seeds including hybrid are directly considered.<br />Unlike the SDTT, no estimate of number of SRI farmers covered is available in NFSM, but indirectly about 50,000 farmers are provided with conoweeder/markers and nearly 50,000 frontline demonstrations were conducted in farmer’s field each in an area of 0.4 ha in every 100 ha of planted area under rice.. However, the efficiency of SDTT investment is remarkable as with an investment of merely a sum of Rs.10.94 crores during the two and half year period , an astronomical number of 60,000 farmers are brought under SRI programme. The trained personnel and the farmers conducted the promotional activity and thus achieved a higher synergy effect of all the six avowed principle of SRI, that yielded increased production, under the more with less principle.<br />The Trust can institute an SRI innovation fund to carry out investigations on SRI innovations. This could be more in the nature of helping partners scout for innovations in SRI by the partners with possible innovation awards. This fund should be open to non-SDTT partners as well. An extension of this could be instituting SRI fellowships for village-level promotion of SRI using innovative methods. A process of horizontal or peer evaluation could also be explored to learn from and disseminate innovations – in SRI per se, and in SCI with substantial multiplier effect. <br />The SDTT work on research has been good but modest given the emphasis on field-level extension. The Trust needs to see itself as a significant player in the SRI and rice scenario in the country and engage in a series of research studies both technical and socio-economic as well as work on other crops that would enable the poor to improve their nutrition and livelihoods beyond rice. Collaborations with reputed scientists from ICAR and its allied organisations and international researchers even who have worked on SRI can be explored and a committee constituted to help design these studies and suggest timeframes. <br />The current SRI Secretariat is rightly modest and has played a supportive role and is located in one of the partners’ office. The secretariat could be rightly seen as the public face of the Trust and provide a more visible front for future SRI activities. This might require more investments, but alternately exploring collaborations with organisations’ such as XIMB to rent space and infrastructure could help. It is essential that the Secretariat has access to good infrastructure and is able to provide a good support structure to the partners, on the one hand, and to the SDTT programme office, on the other. The Secretariat might require a full-time manager or executive who could be adequately compensated who can expand the role of the Secretariat and include good documentation and regular publications and communications. Bringing out a regular SRI newsletter either electronically is one such option. Maintaining a Website with web-enabled interface and uploading of information could also be explored. The idea is not to replicate current promotional efforts of existing SRI actors but to position the current work of SDTT partners and the Secretariat’s own research on drought and MIS both internally and to the outside world. <br />The Secretariat needs to also carve out and systematise the work on other crops that suggests an increased menu for farmers during drought situation. There is evidence that SWI (wheat intensification) has been particularly popular even as anticipated spread of SRI was affected by severe drought in many parts in 2009.<br />At the regional or field level, SDTT is advised to continue its work of supporting nodal agencis in the following manner. The nodal agencies need to be encouraged to undertake strategic reviews and scenario planning exercises for the next five years on SRI and to help them to develop a strategic plan. They need to be converted into SRI regional resource centres with a mandate for SRI training and capacity building. These could be set up collaboratively if necessary with other organisations and in some cases there is an overlap between existing training centres of nodal agencies and these resource centres. These resource centres will have a regular training calendar on SRI and could potentially become one-stop points for SRI in the state or region in local languages. This would also involve a more active collaboration with state agencies to enable this capacity building as is already in place with watershed and other integrated rural livelihood interventions. <br />A dedicated PME team (Priority setting, Monitoring and Evaluation) should be centrally constituted under the leadership of a experienced person/scientist to monitor, under take continuous, timely evaluation and assessment on-spot. A pro-active hard core research component should be in place under the team, which is a missing link at present. Currently, the SDTT initiative heavily focussed on capacity strengthening only. The trust can develop mechanism to collaborate and coordinate with the central research institution, SAUs (state Agricultural University) and international research communities and join their on-going efforts. <br />The ICAR centre such as NCAP could be approached to host meetings before the Kharif season 2010 with the possibility of organising a larger nation wide symposium subsequently. The activity may precede the country-wide Kharif campaign of the government of India. Getting the research system to acknowledge and further improve upon SRI results continues to be a big challenge faced by SRI actors in India. While individual awareness continues to spread, institutional support for SRI is not commensurate with the capacity of the national agricultural research system. Unless there is a clear endorsement from ICAR, state departments of agriculture are slow to take up these programmes. SDTT is advised to collaborate with other organisations in possibly setting up a National Civil Society Alliance on SRI, that would work closely with government bodies at the local and district level as also the involvement of panchayats as in Tripura, for taking forward these policy initiatives. <br />Acknowledgements:<br />The opportunity to work in the timely assessment initiative to provide policy inputs to the trust is a unique experience and professionally rewarding. The team would like to sincerely place in record its gratitude to the Trust and express appreciation for the untiring cooperation and help from all the members of the programme office and management. We enjoyed the work and will do even more if the reports draw kind attention and comments of the honourable trustees. <br />