The document is a geography project discussing various types of natural resources, including their classification based on origin, exhaustibility, ownership, and development status. It emphasizes the importance of resource planning and sustainable development, particularly in the context of India. The document also details different types of soil and their relevance to agriculture and human needs.

1. 2020 – 2021
geography PROJECT
SUBMITTED BY : Rahul Yadav
CLASS : X- B
SUBMITTED TO : mr. ranjeet kumar rai sir

3. CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION
• TYPES OF RESOURCES
• DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES
• RESOURCE PLANNING
• LAND RESOURCES
• SOIL AS A RESOURCE

4. INTRODUCTION
• Natural resources occur naturally within
environments that exist relatively undisturbed
by mankind, in a natural form.
A natural resource is often characterized by
amounts of biodiversity and geodiversity
existent in various ecosystems.

5. TYPES OF RESOURCES
RESOURCES
NATURAL
RENEWABLE
CONTINUOUS BIOLOGICAL
NATURAL
VEGETATION
WILDLIFE
NON REWABLE
NON REC
YCLABLE
REC YCLABLE
HUMAN
STRUCTURES
&
INSTITUTIONS
QUANTITY AND
QUALITY

6. ON THE BASIS OF ORIGIN
• Biotic resources - These are obtained from the
biosphere . It involves living organisms. Like- human
beings , flora and fauna etc.
• Abiotic resources – All those things that are made of
inorganic materials . Like – Metals , rocks etc.

8. ON THE BASIS OF
EXHAUSTIBILITY
• Renewable Resources - The resources that can be renewed
or reproduced by physical, chemical & mechanical
processes. For example solar, tidal and wind energy.
• Non - Renewable Resources - They occur over a very
long geological time, taking millions of years in their
formation.For eg.minerals, coal.

10. ON THE BASIS OF OWNERSHIP
• Individual resources: these are owned by individuals
privately. Like land owned by a farmer allotted to them by
government against the payment of revenue.
• Community owned resources: these include resources
that are accessible to all the members of the community
like the village grazing grounds, burial groundsetc.

11. Individual resources Community owned resources

12. • National resources: technically speaking all the resources
belong to the nation because the country has legal powers to
acquire even private property for public good.
• International resources: The oceanic resources beyond
200nautical miles of the Exclusive Economic Zone belong to
open ocean and no individual country can utilize these without
the consensus of international institutions.
NATIONAL RESOURCES AND
INTERNATIONAL RESOURCES

13. NATIONAL RESOURCES INTERNATIONAL RESOURCES

14. ON THE BASIS OF STATUS OF
DEVELOPMENT
• Potential resources: resources which have not been put to use
but are found in a region are called potential resources. Like
Rajasthan and Gujarat can be utilized for their solar and wind
energies .
• Developed resources: it includes resources which are surveyed
and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilization.

15. Potential resources Developed resources

16. • Stock: the materials in the environment which have the
potential to satisfy human needs but cannot be used
because of technology, are included among stock.
• Reserves: they are the subset of stock which are used
with the help of existing technical knowledge. For
example water in lakes, dams, forests etc is a reserve
which can be used in the future.

17. Stock
WATER OXYGEN

18. DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES
• It is the process of developing the resources in order to
make them useful for satisfying human wants. Some
resources cannot be used directly. They have to be
processed to make them useful for satisfying our wants.
• Ex: Land has to be cleared and ploughed for growing
crops. Water has to be taken to the field to irrigate.

19. DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES

20. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT &
AGENDA 21
• Sustainable development – It is the development
which is done without compromising the needs of future
generation or damaging the nature.
• Agenda 21- Aims at achieving global sustainable
development. For diminishing poverty, environmental
damages

22. RESOURCE PLANNING
• Resource planning in INDIA is done in the following ways :-
• Identification and inventory of resources by surveying and mapping.
• Evolving a planning structure.
• Matching the resource development plans with overall national
development plans.

23. LAND USE IN
INDIA
Forest area in the
country is far lower than
the desired 33% of
geographical area as it
was outlined in the
National Forest Policy
(1952).
43%
27%
30%
Land Under Important Relief
Features
Plains
Mountains
Plateaus

24. SOIL
• The upper most layer of the
earth’s crust which is loose,
broken and useful for plants
is called soil.
Soil is formed mainly due to the
process of weathering. As a result
of weathering a layer of loose rock
materials is formed on the land
surface

25. SOIL AS A RESOURCE
Man depends on the soil directly or indirectly for his food.
Agriculture can be practiced only if soils are available.
Man gets the materials needed for shelter and clothing
directly (or) indirectly from the soil.
Soils are essential for the growth of forests.

26. TYPES OF SOILS
• Alluvial soil –Alluvial soil is the most fertile and wide
spread soil found in India. It is formed due to the
deposition of fine silt called alluvium by the rivers.
• Black soil - Black soils are called black cotton soils
because they are black in colour and are very good
for cotton cultivation. It is made up of extremely
fine clayey materials.

27. • Red soils - It is red in colour because of the presence of iron
in it. It is found in Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra pradesh etc.
• Laterite soils - Laterite soil is formed due to intense leaching
caused by tropical rainfall. Humus content is less because the
micro-organisms get destroyed due to high temperature.
•

28. • Arid soils- Arid soils are red or brown in colour. They
are sandy and saline. Humus and moisture contents are
very less. They can be cultivated after irrigation.

30. THANK
YOU