RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.pdf

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
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NARAYAN
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Contents
1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1. Indicate a suitable type of research
design for the following research
project:Research Project:“How does the
image of the ideal man influences the
male population between the ages 20 and
35?”
(A) Qualitative-Exploratory
(B) Quantitative-Descriptive
(C) Quantitative-Causal
(D) none of above
2. Find the mode:5, 0, 9, 9, 3, 0, 5, 5, 4
(A) 9
(B) 5
(C) 3
(D) 7
3. When should you use the present tense in
writing the research paper?
(A) when you refer directly to a table or
figure in your own paper
(B) when reporting the results of your
own work
(C) when you refer to the author directly
(D) none of above
4. You want to directly copy the words of
the author from one of your sources, what
must you do?
(A) Use quotation marks around it and
cite it properly
(B) Go ahead and include it on your paper,
no one will know the difference
(C) Just rearrange the words and hope
no one will finds out
(D) None of the above
5. A relationship between two events where
the first event is responsible for the sec-
ond event.
(A) cause and effect
(B) bias and error
(C) hypothesis and questions
(D) bias and effect
6. Compute a 95% confidence inter-
val:Hint:use p-hat formulaAfter watching
a horror film, 34 out of 50 people reported
problems getting to sleep.
(A) (.55, .81)
(B) (.571, .789)
(C) (.671, .689)
(D) There is not enough information to
compute a confidence interval.
7. If the F value is less than the F critical
value, how do we determine the hypoth-
esis?
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
4 Chapter 1. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(A) Fail to reject the null hypothesis
(B) Reject the null hypothesis
(C) The null hypothesis are equal
(D) none of above
8. What is the correct format for citing a jour-
nal article?
(A) Author. (Date). Article’s title. Jour-
nal’s title, Vol (Issue) Pages. URL/DOI
(B) Author. (Date). Article’s title. Jour-
nal’s title, Vol (Issue) Pages. URL/DOI
(C) Author. (Date). Article’s title. Jour-
nal’s title, Vol, Issue, Pages. URL/DOI
9. Which sample size for a sampling distribu-
tion will have the smallest standard devi-
ation?
(A) n = 10
(B) n = 200
(C) n = 400
(D) n = 1000
10. number of years of education and job
salary
(A) positive
(B) negative
(C) none
(D) not enough info
11. Basic research is
(A) Practical and descriptive
(B) Client-driven
(C) Expands current knowledge
(D) Advancement of technology
12. Using a one-way mirror can improve
(A) reliability
(B) generalisability
(C) ethics
(D) validity
13. Your research paper should be about?
(A) Something that interests you
(B) Something that interests your teacher
(C) Whatever the teacher told you to
write about
(D) Something everybody finds interest-
ing
14. What is the mode of 4, 2, 3, 6, 4, 4, 5, 6,
11, 4, 12, 6, 6, 1, 6, 8, 9
(A) 2
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 6
15. Appropriate methods for conducting ex-
ploratory research would include:
(A) secondary data analysis
(B) experiments
(C) sample surveys
(D) longitudinal research
16. A legal document that gives the inven-
tor the exclusive legal right to make, use,
or sell the invention for a limited time is
called:
(A) Trademarks
(B) Copyright
(C) Trade Secrets
(D) Patents
17. The sixth step in the research process is
(A) Generate a list of topics
(B) Create a research question
(C) Organize and write
(D) Cite your references
18. Having a well-developed design will en-
able the researcher to achieve the follow-
ing, EXCEPT:
(A) Review and synthesize previous stud-
ies ad literature related to the topic.
8. A 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. D 17. D 18. D

5
(B) Describe the methods of analysis that
will be used on the data gathered.
(C) Clearly identify hypothesis that are
significant to the problem.
(D) Promote cost-effectiveness through
documentation.
19. Which type of sampling method is ob-
tained by selecting one unit on a random
basis and choosing additional elementary
units at evenly spaced intervals until the
desired number of units is obtained?
(A) Simple Random Sampling
(B) Systematic Random Sampling
(C) Cluster Sampling
(D) Random Sampling
20. In systematic sampling, the formula N/n
is used where N stands for
(A) sampling technique
(B) sample size
(C) total population
(D) cluster
21. Controlled variable
(A) will be measured/observed during an
experiment
(B) will be changed during an experiment
(C) will be kept constant during an exper-
iment
(D) none of above
22. When a participant’s behaviour changes
because of their desire to be viewed posi-
tively by other people.
(A) Social desirability effect
(B) Sampling bias
(C) Participant variability
(D) Participant expectancy effect
23. These are the characteristics that limit the
scope and describe the boundaries of the
study, such as the sample size, geograph-
ical location, or setting in which the study
takes place.
(A) limitations
(B) delimitations
(C) scope
(D) assumptions
24. Which of the following is not true about
hypothesis?
(A) an educated guess
(B) it is a vision
(C) explanation of supposition
(D) provisional explanation of phe-
nomenon
25. Construct a 95% confidence interval for
the population mean, µ. Assume the pop-
ulation has a normaldistribution. A sample
of 20 college students had mean annual
earnings of $3120 with a standard devi-
ation of$677.
(A) ($1324, $1567)
(B) ($2135, $2567)
(C) ($2803, $3437)
(D) ($2657, $2891)
26. an educated guess or a possible answer to
a scientific question
(A) Hypothesis
(B) independent variable
(C) Dependent variable
(D) controlled experiment
27. All examples are method to measure sta-
tistical dispersion except
(A) Variance
(B) Interquartile Range
(C) Standard Deviation
(D) Mode
28. Which of these DOES NOT need to be
cited?
(A) Research from the Internet
19. B 20. C 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
(B) Your interpretation of a quote
(C) Statements from an interview/review
(D) Details from a documentary
29. Which of the following are strategies that
encourage innovation?
(A) Open Communication
(B) Risk taking must be rewarded
(C) Develop a tolerance to risk and failure
(D) All of the above
30. Which DepEd guidelines lays down the
guidelines for conduct of research?
(A) Deped Order No.16, s.2017
(B) Deped Order No.44, s.2017
(C) Deped Order No.23, s.2019
(D) Deped Order No.16, s.2018
31. Which of the following problems is most
appropriate to a qualitative approach?
(A) Describing the relationship between
students’ math attitudes and their math
achievement.
(B) Identifying the characteristics that
differentiate students who drop out of
high school from those students who do
not drop out.
(C) Describing the effect of creating
a student-centered assessment environ-
ment on students’ achievement.
(D) Understanding what it is like to work
in a school that is changing the decision-
making process from a top-down, admin-
istratively driven model to a bottom-up,
teacher driven model.
32. Intellectual Property is
(A) A tangible asset
(B) An intangible asset
(C) Not capable of having an owner
(D) Owned by all people in a society
33. What can you do to reduce the margin of
error?
(A) increase the confidence level
(B) decrease the confidence level
(C) increase sample size
(D) decrease sample size
34. The research design and procedures are
replicated
(A) Replicability
(B) Critical
(C) Analytical
(D) Empirical
35. If you file provisional specification, the
complete specification is required to be
filed within
(A) 10 months
(B) 12 months
(C) 18 months
(D) 24 months
36. Which of the following statements is true
about Action Research?
(A) AR is a systematic inquiry conducted
by teacher researchers, principals, and
other stakeholders.
(B) A four-step process of AR is identify-
ing an area of focus, collecting data, ana-
lyzing data, and transforming data.
(C) The two main theories of AR are criti-
cal and typical.
(D) Critical AR emphasizes the impor-
tance of teachers’ autonomy.
37. The results from which of the following de-
signs examining the relationships between
variables SHOULD NOT BE interpreted as
causal?
(A) Descriptive
(B) Correlational
(C) Experimental
(D) Ethnography
29. D 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. B

7
38. An independent research company wants
to go door to door to survey people in the
city of Fontana. The company decides to
number all blocks within the city limit, ran-
domly choose 1 block and survey all house-
holds on that block. This is an example of:
(A) Simple Random Sample
(B) Stratified Random Sample
(C) Cluster Random Sample
(D) Systematic Random Sampling
39. these are the examples of null hypothesis
are
(A) there is correlation
(B) there is no correlation
(C) it does not correlate
(D) none of above
40. Which of the following is false?
(A) A chi-squared distribution with k de-
grees of freedom is more right-skewed
than a chi-square distribution with k+1
degrees of freedom.
(B) A chi-square distribution never takes
negative values.
(C) The degrees of freedom for chi-
square test is determined by sample size.
(D) The area under a chi-square density
curve is always equal to 1.
41. A contingency question is one that:
(A) is contingent upon the use of special-
ized vocabulary
(B) depends on the answer to a prior
question
(C) provides at least three response
questions
(D) is only given to predetermined re-
spondents
42. When should you use the abbreviation,
“et al.?”
(A) only when a work has several authors
(B) only when a work has no listed author
(C) only when a source appears in a mag-
azine or journal
(D) only when a source has no listed pub-
lisher
43. A Null hypothesis has level of significance
9% for what values level of significance it
will be rejected
(A) 0.99
(B) 0.009
(C) O.099
(D) 0.9
44. Set of related hypotheses supported by
evidence is
(A) theory
(B) law
(C) technology
(D) life science
45. Which of the following is not a type of nar-
rative research?
(A) Autobiographies
(B) Lived experience
(C) Biographies
(D) Life Stories and Histories
46. It is the numerical characteristic of a sam-
ple.
(A) Mean
(B) Variance
(C) Parameter
(D) Statistic
47. Variable selection methods generally
work by selecting IVs in a sequential fash-
ion based on
(A) the IVs zero-order correlation with
the DV
(B) the IVs residual after all other IVs
have been used to predict it
(C) the IVs semi-partial correlation with
the DV
38. C 39. B 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. C

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
(D) the increase in the adjusted R2 when
the variable enters the model
48. At YouTube which of the following is a
penalty of copyright infringement?
(A) You could get evicted from your home
(B) You could lose posting privileges
(C) You could get banned from listening to
music
(D) You won’t be able to listen to any mu-
sic from that artist anymore
49. Studying a particular business’ strategy is
an example of which Qualitative Research
Design?
(A) Phenomenology
(B) Grounded Theory
(C) Case Study
(D) Narrative
50. Suppose an interval is (.62, .70). Margin
of error =
(A) .04
(B) .08
(C) .66
(D) .74
51. The investigation and discovery of new
ideas in order to solve a problem or cre-
ate an opportunity.
(A) Research
(B) Research and Development (R D)
(C) Primary Research
(D) Secondary Research
52. Thea is writing a report on President Don-
ald J. Trump and wants to include both pri-
mary and secondary sources. Which of the
following sources is not a primary source
about President Trump?
(A) a videotaped interview with him
(B) an encyclopedia entry about him
(C) a tweet he wrote and posted
(D) an email from him to his chief of staff
53. A and B are both sets of ratio-level data.
A has a mean of 12 and a standard devi-
ation of 0.6. B has a mean of 6 and a
standard deviation of 0.4 Use the Co-
efficient of Variation to determine which
set has more variation.
(A) Set A
(B) Set B
(C) They have the same variation
(D) It is impossible to tell with this infor-
mation
54. Which of the following describes the char-
acteristics of research where data are in a
form of statistics?
(A) Large Sample Size
(B) Numerical Data
(C) Objective
(D) Replication
55. This step include digrams and comparison
tables.
(A) Representing and report findings
(B) Valuating findings
(C) Organizing findings
(D) none of above
56. Demographic variables are often used as
(A) independent variables
(B) dependent variables
(C) moderating variables
(D) mediating variables
57. A psychologist wants to see if growing up
in a collectivist society has influenced Billy.
Which approach should be used?
(A) Behaviorism
(B) Biology
(C) Socio-Cultural
(D) Humanism
48. B 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. B 53. B 54. B 55. A 56. C 57. C 58. A

9
58. Causal-comparative research is also
known as ex post facto research because
(A) variables are studied in retrospect.
(B) conclusions drawn on the basis of
studies are assumed to be factual.
(C) two or more groups are compared on
at least one variable.
(D) results demonstrate cause-and-
effect relationships.
59. What is the name of the claim we are try-
ing to find evidence against?
(A) Null hypothesis
(B) Alternative hypothesis
(C) Margin of error
(D) Point estimate
60. In a(n) a scientist determines how one
particular variable affects the outcome of
the experiment.
(A) controlled experiment
(B) hypothesis
(C) variable
(D) data
61. Sam uses a t-distribution to compute a
99% interval. How many trials would
need to be in his sample in order to use
the critical value of 2.878?
(A) 2.576
(B) 17
(C) 18
(D) 19
62. Examples of exploratory research design
EXCEPT:
(A) A study into the role of social network-
ing sites as an effective marketing com-
munication channel
(B) An investigation into the ways of im-
provement of quality of customer services
within hospitality sector in London
(C) Market researchers that want to ob-
serve habits of consumers.
(D) none of above
63. What would the correlation be between
math grades and the time it takes to run a
mile?
(A) Postive Correlation
(B) Negative Correlation
(C) No Correlation
(D) Cannot Be Determined
64. This is one of the key characteristics of
ethnographic research, its carried out in a
setting, not in a
(A) Natural, laboratory
(B) Closed, laboratory
(C) Laboratory, environment.
(D) none of above
65. Patentability Criteria Includes
(A) Novelty
(B) Inventive Step
(C) Industrial Applicability
(D) All of these
66. What approach focuses on how childhood
memories and events and the unconscious
mind that affects behavior?
(A) Psychoanalitic
(B) Cognitive
(C) Humanism
(D) socio-cultural
67. What is the first stage of the research pro-
cess?
(A) Collect and analyze the data
(B) Develop and implement the research
plan
(C) Report the findings
(D) Define the research problem
68. It describes past important researches and
how they specifically relate to the re-
search thesis. It is a synthesis of the pre-
vious literature and the new idea being re-
searched.
(A) References
59. A 60. A 61. D 62. C 63. C 64. A 65. D 66. A 67. D 68. C

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
(B) Methodology
(C) Review of Related Literature
(D) Backround of the Study
69. The researcher has a clear idea of the sam-
ple and they pick participants that meet
their critera
(A) Random
(B) Quota
(C) volunteer
(D) none of above
70. In hypothesis testing, the hypothesis
which is tentatively assumed to be true is
called the
(A) correct hypothesis
(B) null hypothesis
(C) alternative hypothesis
(D) level of significance
71. A research based on direct experience or
observation
(A) Empirical
(B) Analytical
(C) Critical
(D) Methodical
72. Which of the following characteristics of
research describes that research results
should be unbiased?
(A) Subjective
(B) Objective
(C) Rigorous
(D) Verifiable
73. What test statistic is used for a global test
of significance?
(A) Z test
(B) t test
(C) Chi-square test
(D) F-test
74. It deals with designs, techniques and mea-
sures that do not produce discrete numeri-
cal data.
(A) qualitative research
(B) quantitative research
(C) theory
(D) inquiry
75. To find the interquartile range (IQR)
(A) Q1-Q3
(B) Q3-Q2
(C) Q3-Q1
(D) Q2-Q1
76. The part of the experiment that does not
contain the independent variable. Used for
comparison.
(A) Control Group
(B) Experimental Group
(C) Results
(D) Data
77. Empirical research is also called:
(A) Experimental Research
(B) Procedural Research
(C) Analytical Research
(D) none of above
78. In order to conduct the Scheffe’ test, one
must compare the means two at a time us-
ing all possible combinations of means.
(A) True
(B) False, this only applies to the Tukey
test
(C) False, the Scheffe’ test compares
means three at a time using all possible
combinations
(D) False, the Scheffe’ test does not
make comparisons of any kind
79. The mean and standard deviation of a pop-
ulation are 400 and 40, respectively. Sam-
ple size is 25. What is the standard devi-
ation of the sampling distribution?
69. B 70. B 71. A 72. B 73. D 74. A 75. C 76. A 77. A 78. A 79. D 80. B

11
(A) 400
(B) 40
(C) 25
(D) 8
80. Who designed and built a gasoline pow-
ered airplane?
(A) Duryea Brothers
(B) Wright Brothers
(C) Orville Brothers
(D) Westinghouse Brothers
81. A sample that accurately represents the
target population.
(A) Representative sample
(B) Opportunity sampling
(C) Sampling bias
(D) Purposive sampling
82. Calculate the median for this set of
data22, 32, 44, 11, 5, 28, 19, 30.
(A) Median=22
(B) Median=24.5
(C) Median=25
(D) Median=28
83. Which is an example of mixed approach?
(A) experiment
(B) survey
(C) interview
(D) case study
84. In every member of the target pop-
ulation has an equal chance of becoming
part of the sample.
(A) Stratified sampling
(B) Random sampling
(C) Opportunity sampling
(D) Self-selected sampling
85. In a quantitative research, there is a hy-
pothesis. The statements below is correct
about hypothesis, except
(A) It is focused statement which pre-
dicts an answer to research question
(B) It is based on the findings of previous
research and perhaps the previous expe-
rience with the subject
(C) It is to test ultimate objective of induc-
tive research
(D) Gives direction and focus to the re-
search in formulating research method
86. According to the scientific method, how
would you test a hypothesis?
(A) use false data
(B) communicate your results to others
(C) design and conduct an experiment
(D) collect information on the Internet
87. Scientific Inquiry is a fancy term for
(A) Natural thinking process
(B) Newton’s Law
(C) Scientific Method
(D) Science Thinking
88. Which Sampling technique gathers data in
a process that does not give all the indi-
viduals in the population equal chances of
being selected?
(A) Random Sampling
(B) Probability Sampling
(C) Non Probability Sampling
(D) Sampling
89. How do you organise the reference list ac-
cording to APA style?
(A) By Chronology (Year)
(B) By Alphabetical ordering of Authors
(C) By Titles
(D) By Publisher’s Name
90. This consist of administrators, teachers,
students and parents.
(A) academic community
(B) qualifications
(C) motivation
(D) costing
81. A 82. C 83. C 84. B 85. C 86. C 87. C 88. C 89. B 90. A 91. B

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
91. A type of research method that investi-
gates the effect of an IV on a DV.
(A) Correlational study
(B) Experimental method
(C) Case study
(D) Brain imaging
92. The term “Intellectual Property Rights”
covers
(A) Copyrights
(B) Know-how
(C) Trade dress
93. Researchers compare the differences and
similarities of among different people in
different age groups at a given time.
(A) Testing Method
(B) Case-Study Method
(C) Longitudinal Method
(D) Cross-Sectional Method
94. A possible explanation for an observation
that can be tested by a scientific investiga-
tion is called what?
(A) Observation
(B) Theeory
(C) Hypothesis
(D) Scientific Law
95. The questions “Who wrote this?”
“Where was it written?” “When was
it written?” “What is the purpose of this
document?” are examples of
(A) Contextualization
(B) Corroboration
(C) Close Reading
(D) Sourcing
96. A sample of 400 racing cars showed that
80 cars cost over $700, 000. What is the
99% confidence interval of the true pro-
portion of cars costing over $700, 000?
(A) 0.001 p 0.005
(B) 0.566 p 0.693
(C) 0.148 p 0.252
(D) 0.023 p 0.045
97. Science aimed at solving problems or im-
provement:
(A) Basic Science
(B) Applied Science
(C) Academic Science
(D) Clinical Science
98. Find the standard deviation for the follow-
ing data; 86, 95, 78, 67, and 85.
(A) 82.2
(B) 5
(C) 9.33
(D) 10.43
99. Susan invented a car engine that runs on
fruit skins. She has received numerous in-
vestors for her business idea, located an
empty garage to house her business, and
is ready to begin operations of her new
business. Before opening her business, Su-
san should apply for a:
(A) Copyright
(B) License
(C) Patent
(D) Trademark
100. What is required before copyrighted ma-
terials can be used?
(A) A permission slip from a parent
(B) Payment and permission
(C) A thorough explanation
(D) Nothing
101. Quartile 1 is the
(A) Median
(B) Mode
(C) Upper Quartile
(D) Lower Quartile
92. D 93. D 94. C 95. D 96. C 97. B 98. C 99. C 100. B 101. D 102. A

13
102. What is it called when something is un-
likely to happen by chance alone?
(A) Statistically Significant
(B) Alpha
(C) Confidence level
(D) Probability
103. research is an in-depth study of a
particular phenomenon.
(A) Descriptive
(B) Correlational
(C) Qualitative
(D) Quantitative
104. A characteristic of research the follows
valid, definite principles, frameworks, and
procedures.
(A) Logical
(B) Replicable
(C) Analytical
(D) Realistic
105. There is a critical analysis of all data used
so that there is no error in the researcher’s
interpretations.
(A) Analytical
(B) Systematic
(C) Controlled
(D) Original work
106. You encode or symbolize data that are
(A) subjective
(B) symbolical
(C) objective
(D) numerical
107. A is a complete list of sources con-
sulted about a topic, but not necessarily
cited in your work.
(A) Reference list
(B) Bibliography
(C) Citation
108. the dependent variable is the variable
you:
(A) measure
(B) change
(C) keep the same
(D) all answers are correct
109. Why are questionnaires important?
(A) produces data that can be used for
making smart business decisions
(B) are easy to make and to understand
(C) the best way to get to know a client
(D) Customers prefer less face-to-face
communication and more e-mail commu-
nication
110. With the new set up in learning that in-
stead of learning in school you are learning
at home, what is the best source of your
concepts and ideas if you are writing your
research?
(A) books from the library
(B) previous research work by the former
students
(C) online references
(D) latest magazines from the bookstore
111. A technique that enables researchers to
study human behavior in an indirect way
through an analysis of their communica-
tions.
(A) Validity
(B) Content Analysis
(C) Analysis of Content
(D) Reliability
112. Find the median.5, 15, 10, 20, 15, 10,
15
(A) 20
(B) 15
(C) 10
(D) 5
103. C 104. A 105. A 106. A 107. B 108. A 109. A 110. C 111. B 112. B 113. B

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
113. If a distribution is skewed to the right
with no outliers,
(A) meanmedian
(B) meanmedian
(C) mean=median
(D) can not determine
114. Identify the hypothesis to the following
statement:An increased amount of car ac-
cidents have occurred in the last year be-
cause of cell phone use while driving.
(A) “If you use your cell phone while driv-
ing, then you will increase your chance at
getting into an accident
(B) “Using cell phones cause more acci-
dents”
(C) “Then driving with a cell phone will
create more accidents”
(D) none of above
115. A teacher needs to report the average of
her last long quiz to her superior. Here are
the scores, 58, 37, 25, 43, 38, 22, 31, 49,
53, 28.
(A) 35.00
(B) 38.50
(C) 35.30
(D) 38.40
116. Which of the following is NOT a type of
qualitative research question?
(A) Understanding and interpretations
(B) Influencing factors
(C) Language practice
(D) Practices
117. Which of these is NOT a scientific obser-
vation?
(A) All birds have feathers.
(B) Some birds have colorful feathers.
(C) There are many different types of
birds.
(D) Birds are a great pet.
118. What does ANOVA stands for?
(A) Analysis of value
(B) Analysis of variance
(C) Assessment of variability
(D) Assessment of vulnerability
119. What is the mode in the following num-
bers? [3, 24, 3, 7, 30, 1, 3, 7, 3]
(A) 3 and 7 both are modes
(B) 1 and 7 both are modes
(C) 3 only
(D) 7 only
120. Order the data and find the Q12, 3, 3, 3,
4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8,
8, 9, 9
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 6
121. Which of the following is true in relation
to the differences of quantitative and qual-
itative research?
(A) Quantitative observations use num-
bers, qualitative uses the senses.
(B) Quantitative observations use the
senses, qualitative uses numbers.
(C) Quantitative observations use mea-
surement, qualitative uses numbers.
(D) Quantitative observations use colors,
qualitative uses the senses.
122. Use the 1.5 IQR rule to determine if
there are any outliers for the following
numbers:84, 88, 72, 74, 98, 16, 94
(A) Yes, 16 is an outlier.
(B) Yes, 33 is an outlier.
(C) Yes, 98 is an outlier.
(D) There are no numbers less than 39 or
greater than 124, therefore there are no
outliers.
114. A 115. D 116. A 117. D 118. B 119. A 120. B 121. A 122. A 123. A

15
123. The collection of subjects selected for ob-
servation in an empirical study.
(A) Sample
(B) Journal
(C) Descriptive statistics
(D) Replication
124. This sample consists of units of the pop-
ulation that are easily accessible.
(A) Cluster
(B) Convenience
(C) Volunteer
(D) Observational
125. What do you call a tentative explanation
for an observation, phenomenon, or scien-
tific problem that can be tested by further
investigation.
(A) Alternative Hypothesis
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Null Hypothesis
(D) Sample Hypothesis
126. Taking the final report/ specific descrip-
tions/themes back to participants to ver-
ify the findings is an example of
(A) Triangulation
(B) Peer debriefing
(C) Member check
(D) Clarify bias
127. Selecting participants who just happen to
be available is called:
(A) Opportunity sampling
(B) Volunteer sampling
(C) Random sampling
(D) Quota sampling
128. Which of the following designs is charac-
terized by the researchers’ inability to ac-
tually manipulate an independent variable
even though they are often interested in a
causal relationship?
(A) Descriptive
(B) Correlational
(C) Experimental
(D) Causal-comparative
129. A company wants to sell more sports
drinks so they decide to add more sugar.
For Group A they give them gatorade with
an added teaspoon of sugar. For Group
B they give them plain gatorade without
adding sugar. Which Group is the CON-
TROL GROUP?
(A) Group A
(B) Group B
(C) The Gatorade
(D) The Company
130. Which of the following is not included in
a basic lay out of research?
(A) Introduction
(B) main body
(C) end matter
(D) prelims
131. Issues with sample and selection
(A) issues
(B) lack
(C) insufficient
(D) limitations
132. Complete Specification contains
(A) Title of invention
(B) Description of invention
(C) Claims
(D) All of these
133. A quotation from of reference to a book,
paper, or author, especially in a scholarly
work.
(A) Glossary
(B) Citation
(C) Architecture
(D) Copyright
124. B 125. B 126. C 127. A 128. D 129. B 130. A 131. A 132. D 133. B 134. D

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
134. What is a method of sampling in which
the first participant is selected using sim-
ple random sampling, and then every nth
person until all participants have been se-
lected?
(A) simple random sampling
(B) cluster sampling
(C) stratified random sampling
(D) systematic sampling
135. A scientist is investigating a new treat-
ment for a disease that affects thousands
of people. Many people with this disease
volunteer to be part of the study. Which
of the following is an ethical concern that
the scientist must address before conduct-
ing the study?
(A) A-The scientist must ensure that the
treatment will be effective.
(B) B-The scientist must ensure that the
study’s results will not be shared with
other scientists.
(C) C-The scientist must inform the volun-
teers about the potential dangers of par-
ticipating in the study.
(D) D-The scientist must demonstrate
that the treatment will not cause any side
effects.
136. The standard IQ test has a mean of 97
and a standard deviation of 17. We want
to be 95% certain that we arewithin 5 IQ
points of the true mean. Determine the re-
quired sample size.
(A) 45
(B) 154
(C) 72
(D) 10
137. A research method that seeks to explain
naturally occurring phenomena in the natu-
ral world by generating credible theories.
(A) Scientific research
(B) Experimental research design
(C) Exploratory design
(D) Artistic research
138. An experience researcher should impart
knowledge to his or her students.
(A) Responsible publication
(B) Non-discrimination
(C) Respect for colleagues
(D) Social responsibilty
139. What should a residual plot look like?
(A) Distinct Pattern
(B) Curve
(C) Random with no pattern
(D) A few clumps
140. What is replication?
(A) cloning the scientist who first did an
experiment
(B) doing an experiment for the first time
(C) doing an experiment again and get-
ting different results
(D) Doing an experiment again and get-
ting the same results
141. Steven observed students entering a
classroom for class and recorded whether
the first half of the students who arrived
for class chose to sit in the front half
of the room.What data collection method
was used?
(A) Observational Study
(B) Experiment
(C) Survey
(D) Simulation
142. Which of the following is NOT plagia-
rism?
(A) Translating a source and using it with-
out mentioning the source
(B) Using an image found on the Internet
without mentioning the source
(C) Using common knowledge with out
mentioning the source
(D) Summarizing someone’s work with-
out mentioning the source
135. C 136. A 137. A 138. D 139. C 140. D 141. A 142. C

17
143. Which of the following is a measure of
variability?
(A) mean
(B) median
(C) mode
(D) standard deviation
144. An open-ended question accomplishes
which of the following?
(A) Prompts the source to give a short,
usually one-word response.
(B) Prompts the source to give an open
response with irrelevant information.
(C) Prompts the source to give long and
rambling answers.
(D) Prompts the source to respond
openly and comfortably with a conversa-
tional response and useful information.
145. Sometimes conducted in laboratory set-
tings and/or artificial settings
(A) Qualitative
(B) Quantitative
(C) Both
(D) none of above
146. Which does not belong to NBAR format?
(A) Research Title
(B) Identified Problem
(C) Reflection
(D) Discussion
147. Which of the following describes the title
page of a book?
(A) The first page in the book
(B) The last page in the book
(C) The first important printed page in the
book
(D) The page that list the chapters in the
book
148. Why is research scientific?
(A) It follows a specific system of inquiry.
(B) It answers mathematical question.
(C) It is based on facts.
(D) It is based on personal opinion.
149. An investigation on basic principles and
reasons for occurrence of a particular
event or process or phenomenon
(A) Basic Research
(B) Applied Research
(C) Quantitative Research
(D) Qualitative Research
150. Fine the mean, median, and mode/s of
the data.2, 8, 10, 12, 56, 9, 5, 2, 4
(A) mean:12 median:10 mode:2
(B) mean:12 median:8 mode:2
(C) mean:14 median:10 mode:2
(D) none of above
151. Zigzag sampling requires data
(A) Accumulation
(B) Analysis
(C) Recording
(D) Review
152. Research objectives falls into a number
of categories that include
(A) considering the logic behind the
methodweusedin thecontaxt ofresearch
(B) formulative, concept and planning for
research method
(C) planning to get answer for what, why
where type of questions
(D) exploratory, descriptive, diagnostic
and experimentation research
153. Which represents appropriate (fair) use
of copyrighted material?
(A) Copying and pasting it into a school
project without citing its creator
(B) News reporting/critiques
(C) Using it for t-shirts that you are sell-
ing for a fundraiser
(D) none of above
143. D 144. D 145. B 146. D 147. C 148. C 149. A 150. B 151. D 152. C 153. B
154. A

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
154. The regression line of Y on X is 5x-
7y=10, then the regression coefficient of
Y on X is
(A) 5
7
(B) 7
5
(C) −7
5
(D) 10
7
155. The Marathon Walk for World Peace
has a 25-mile route. A random sam-
ple of participants walked the distances
shown. Find the variance and standard de-
viation.Distance (miles) Number of Walk-
ers 1-5 14 6-10 9 11-15 1116-20 1021-
25 6
(A) 14287.5, 119.5 miles
(B) 48.21, 2324.2 miles
(C) 48.21, 6.9 miles
(D) 181.44, 13.5 miles
156. This type of case study is used to explore
situations in which the intervention being
evaluated has no clear, single set of out-
comes.
(A) Explanatory
(B) Instrumental
(C) Exploratory
(D) Intrinsic
157. What differentiates the research pro-
posal from research Reports?
(A) is generated at the same time
(B) is generated before a study begins
(C) is prepared after a study has been
completed
(D) all of the above
158. A quantitative research requires the reli-
able use of instrument and statistical meth-
ods which enables people to
(A) Make hasty interpretations and con-
clusions.
(B) Study their surroundings as objective
as they can.
(C) Conduct in depth and a more subjec-
tive type of study.
(D) Be empathetic towards the situation
of the respondents.
159. “I predict that Ice will melt faster in salt
water.”, would make a good
(A) Hypothesis
(B) Question
(C) Analysis
(D) Conclusion
160. Which of these pieces of information do
we NOT need when citing a book?
(A) Author
(B) Publisher
(C) Number of Pages
(D) Date of Publication
161. Which paragraph would explain where
your research questions come from and the
problem you intend to investigate?
(A) Literature Review
(B) Context
(C) Research Focus
(D) Implications
162. In an experiment the group gets
(A) control, caffiene
(B) control, the independent variable
(C) experimental, the placebo
(D) control, the placebo
163. The cost of five homes in a certain
area is given.$147, 000$155, 000$175,
000$145, 000$1, 225, 000Which mea-
sure of central tendency should be used?
(A) Mean
(B) Median
(C) Mode
(D) Midrange
155. C 156. C 157. B 158. B 159. A 160. C 161. C 162. D 163. B 164. A

19
164. Is the set of methods and procedures
used in collecting and analyzing measures
of the variables specified in the problem
research.
(A) research design
(B) research plan
(C) conceptual framework
(D) research
165. What is the spacing number for APA for-
mat?
(A) 1
(B) 1.5
(C) 2
(D) multiple
166. Which of the following would be an ap-
propriate null hypothesis?
(A) The mean of a sample is equal to 80.
(B) The mean of a population is equal to
80
(C) The mean of a population is not equal
to 80.
(D) The mean of a population is greater
than 80.
167. According to the Center for Disease Con-
trol, 93% of children entering kinder-
garten in the U.S. are vaccinated. A school
district has 180 incoming kindergarten chil-
dren.Which of the following is true con-
cerning the shape of the sampling distri-
bution?
(A) The sampling distribution is normal
because n 30
(B) The sampling distribution is not nor-
mal because nq is 30
(C) The sampling distribution is normal
because 10% of 180 is 10
(D) The sampling distribution is normal
because np and nq are both 10
168. of a construct means expressing it in
terms of observable behavior.
(A) IV
(B) DV
(C) Operationalization
(D) Inferences
169. If the slope of the regression line is calcu-
lated to be 2.5 and the intercept 16 then
the value of Y when X is 4 is
(A) 16
(B) 2.5
(C) 26
(D) 66.5
170. Where is a works cited page located in
an essay?
(A) Beginning, the first page.
(B) Middle, to break up body paragraphs.
(C) End, the last page.
(D) none of above
171. A researcher studying reaction time of
drivers states that, “A 95% confidence
interval for the mean time it takes for a
driver to apply the brakes after seeing the
brake lights on a vehicle in front of him is
1.2 to 1.8 seconds. What are the point
estimate and margin of error for this in-
terval?
(A) Point estimate = 1.2 seconds; mar-
gin of error = 0.6 seconds.
(B) Point estimate = 1.2 seconds; mar-
(C) Point estimate = 1.5 seconds; mar-
(D) Point estimate = 1.5 seconds; mar-
172. An IQ test was given to a simple random
sample of 75 students at a certain college.
The sample mean score was 105.2. Scores
on this test are known to have a standard
deviation of 10. It is desired to construct
a 90% confidence interval for the mean IQ
scores of the students at the college.What
is the point estimate?
165. C 166. B 167. D 168. C 169. C 170. C 171. D 172. B

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
(A) 75
(B) 105.2
(C) 10
(D) 0.90
173. Traditional way of living has been re-
placed by the modern way. Electrification,
communication and even in the aspect of
transportation are now available and ac-
cessible to people.
(A) Improves the quality of life.
(B) Satisfies man’s needs.
(C) Reduces the burden of work.
(D) Improves the exportation of prod-
ucts.
174. About 76% of college professors said
that if they could pick a career over again,
they would choose to be a professor again.
A random sample of 59 college professors
in Colorado showed that 47 claim they
would choose college teaching again. Does
this indicate the proportion of professors
in Colorado who would choose the career
again is greater than the national rate of
76%? Use a 1% level of significance.
(A) Do not reject Ho (z=0.76)
(B) Reject Ho (z=1.45)
(C) Do not reject Ho (z=1.45)
(D) Reject Ho (z=0.6)
175. A type of sampling method where the re-
searchers advertise the study and partici-
pants volunteer to participate.
(A) Random sampling
(B) Opportunity sampling
(C) Self-selected sampling/ Volunteer
sampling
(D) Purposive sampling
176. The researchers are writing the Acknowl-
edgement as part of the research . This
portion is found at the Prelim part of the
research. What should be stated in the Ac-
knowledgement?
(A) Including all the Awards of the Per-
sons who is part of the paper
(B) Appreciating the contribution of the
persons to the accomplishment of the pa-
per
(C) Informing the persons on the best
part of your paper
(D) Introduce all the panels who have
part in your work
177. The null hypothesis stating that all pop-
ulations means are equal is most likely
to be NOT REJECTED when the “within
group variation” of the samples is the
“among group variation” of the samples.
(A) equals to
(B) larger than
(C) smaller than
(D) uncorrelated with
178. Level of measurement where there is log-
ical ordering or categories.
(A) Nominal
(B) Ordinal
(C) Interval
(D) Ratio
179. Which one is not the measure indicator
of the variable view in SPSS?
(A) Scale
(B) Nominal
(C) Binary
(D) Ordinal
180. APA Style stands for
(A) American Publicizing Association
(APA) Style
(B) American Psychological Association
(APA) Style
(C) American Publishing Association
(APA) Style
(D) American Periodical Association
(APA) Style
173. A 174. A 175. C 176. B 177. B 178. B 179. C 180. B 181. B

21
181. The form of protection provided by the
laws of the United States for original
works of authorship
(A) Trademarks
(B) Copyright
(C) Trade Secrets
(D) Patents
182. If you plagiarize you can be:
(A) expelled from school.
(B) lose your job.
(C) be sued by the person whose work
you used.
183. Two-way and more complex ANOVAs
are used only when:
(A) there is exactly one independent vari-
able in the study design
(B) there are at least three independent
variables in the design.
(C) We have two independent variables
and two dependent variables in the study
design.
(D) there is more than one independent
variable in the study design.
184. Which of the following is not a type of
case study by disciplinary orientation?
(A) Ethnographic case study
(B) Historical case study
(C) Interpretive case studies
(D) Sociological case study
185. It provides details to the reader on what
and how the study will contribute and who
will benefit from it.
(A) Statement of the Problem
(B) Backround of the Study
(C) Conclusions
(D) Significance of the Study
186. Which presents the findings of a quanti-
tative research?
(A) Many prefer to study with textbooks.
(B) Students find textbooks indispens-
able or necessary.
(C) Perhaps, 30% consider textbook un-
necessary in their studies.
(D) Out of 100 college students, 90 find
textbook beneficial to their studies.
187. A numerical characteristic of the POPU-
LATION
(A) Statistic
(B) Parameter
(C) Observation
(D) Study
188. The most popular variable selection
method is
(A) Stepwise Stepwise
(B) Stepwise Forward
(C) Stepwise Backward
(D) Variable selection methods are NOT
recommended
189. The following are the characteristics of
qualitative research except
(A) emergent
(B) focus on outcome
(C) exploratory
(D) focus on process
190. We should use at least types of ques-
tions in testing Grammar.
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
191. If a Null hypothesis denoted as
(A) H1
(B) H0
(C) H3
(D) H2
182. D 183. D 184. C 185. D 186. D 187. B 188. A 189. B 190. B 191. B 192. B

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
192. What is a theory?
(A) a guess on how something works
(B) a tested conclusion accepted as true
(C) a story explaining how the world
works
(D) an assumption
193. A graphical presentation of data-
analysis results ensures
(A) privacy of data
(B) genuineness of data
(C) completeness of data
(D) orderliness of data
194. In general when selecting FACTORS for
a study, as a researcher you want to be
sure of which of the following?
(A) They have been investigated before
(B) The needed materials are available to
investigate
(C) They are not of your interest
(D) The teacher gave the topic to be con-
ducted
195. Qualitative researchers are more inter-
ested in which question?
(A) Who
(B) How
(C) What
(D) When
196. What change in the 1920s caused cities
to expand outward?
(A) more automobiles
(B) more immigrants
(C) more skyscrapers
(D) taller skyscrapers
197. Informed consent for a participant is best
exemplified in which of the following ac-
tions?
(A) Talking to him or her privately
(B) surprising him ir her with a question-
naire
(C) Writing him or her a letter
(D) Using a padrino system
198. Plagiarizing someone’s work is
(A) not cheating
(B) acceptable in Science and Social Stud-
ies but not English
(C) cheating or stealing from someone
(D) acceptable in all subjects
199. Group members identify additional mem-
bers to be included in the sample.
(A) Snowball sampling
(B) Quota sampling
(C) Purposive sampling
(D) none of above
200. When asking questions, it is important
to ask unbiased questions to ensure that
you minimize in responses.
(A) over supply data
(B) bias
(C) rich data
(D) none of above
201. According to de Moivre’s Equation, in or-
der to get an estimate that is three times
more accurate than your old one, you need
to collect times as much data
(A) 9
(B) 3
(C) 6
(D) 27
202. The word ethnography came from
word
(A) Greek
(B) latin
(C) spainsh
(D) sanskrit
193. D 194. B 195. B 196. A 197. C 198. C 199. A 200. B 201. A 202. A 203. A

23
203. Slab avalanches studied in Canada have
an average thickness of µ = 67 cm. The
ski patrol at Vail Colorado, is studying slab
avalanches in their region. A random sam-
ple of 16 avalanches showed that x-bar =
61.8cm and s = 10.6 cm. Assuming the
slab thickness is normally distributed, test
the claim that the mean slab thickness is
the Vail region is different from that in
Canada with a level of significance of 1%.
(A) Do not reject Ho (z=-1.96)
(B) Reject Ho (z=-1.57)
(C) Do not reject Ho (z=-1.96)
(D) Reject Ho (z=-1.57)
204. Name the islands that constitute the
town of Hundred Islands in Pangasinan
(A) represent
(B) advertise
(C) compose
(D) popularize
205. Business Research more related with
(A) Hermeneutics
(B) Phenomenology
(C) Symbolic interactionism
206. Data can be collected using
(A) Self observation
(B) Secondary data for example financial
data
(C) Online Survey
207. Does the following sentence need to be
cited? THE OPENING CEREMONY OF THE
OLYMPIC GAMES STARTED FRIDAY AND
OVER 31 MILLION PEOPLE WATCHED.
(A) Yes
(B) No
(C) I don’t know
(D) none of above
208. What is the critical value for a 95% con-
fidence interval for proportions?
(A) z = 1.645
(B) z = 1.96
(C) z =-1.645
(D) z =-1.96
209. Mrs. Roberts’ class was designing sci-
ence experiments. Carl and his partner de-
cided to use the outdoor classroom as their
laboratory. Since there was a bird feeder
in the outdoor classroom, they decided to
design an experiment about the feeding
habits of birds in their area.Which ques-
tion would be MOST appropriate to guide
the scientific investigation?
(A) What do birds eat?
(B) What type of seeds do birds prefer?
(C) Which seeds do our feeder birds pre-
fer?
(D) Which types of seeds do our feeder
birds eat?
210. An area of research to be concerned
(A) Research Problem
(B) Research methodology
(C) Research review
(D) Research gaps
211. What is narrative analysis?
(A) A literary approach to documents
(B) An approach that is sensitive to ques-
tions that concern how people choose
to sequence and represent people and
events
(C) A form of thematic analysis
(D) A method of improving the quality of
interview material
212. Data on some variables might contain
a classification (e.g., defective or good,
graduate or undergraduate, etc.) rather
than numerical values. Such variables are
referred to as
(A) quantitative variables
204. C 205. B 206. D 207. A 208. B 209. D 210. A 211. B 212. D

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
(B) quasi-quantitative
(C) mixed-variables
(D) qualitative variables
213. A 90% confidence interval for the mean
speed driven by cars on East Main St. is
given by (21, 45). What was the margin
of error of this study?
(A) 12
(B) 24
(C) 33
(D) None of these.
214. based on personal feelings or personal
values
(A) subjective reasoning
(B) objective reasoning
(C) data
(D) empirical evidence
215. In a chi square goodness of fit test, you
must have
(A) Expected counts for two samples
(B) Observed proportions for one cate-
gorical variable
(C) Observed counts for one categorical
variable
(D) Observed proportions for two cate-
gorical variables
216. What is the best sampling technique to
use for determining the average speed of
the cars on asection of highway?
(A) simple random sample
(B) systematic sample
(C) convenience sample
(D) a) or b)
217. What is the difference between quasi-
experimental and non-experimental:correlational
research design?
(A) There is no intervention in quasi-
experimental research design.
(B) There is no intervention in correla-
tional research design.
(C) There is randomization in quasi-
experimental research design.
(D) There is randomization in correla-
tional research design.
218. The most commonly used measure of dis-
persion is
(A) Range
(B) Quartile deviation
(C) Standard deviation
(D) Coefficient of variation
219. Find the cumulative area that corre-
sponds to a z-score of 1.25.
(A) 0.89
(B) 0.01
(C) 0.79
(D) 0.12
220. A tentative statement about the relation-
ship between two or more variables.
(A) Hypothesis
(B) Research methods
(C) Theory
(D) Inferential statistics
221. The difference between the highest and
the lowest score is
(A) range
(B) standard deviation
(C) variance
(D) average deviation
222. Sam is studying the effects of tempera-
ture change on a specific enzyme, c at al as
e . This enzyme is found in cells and helps
break down hydrogen peroxide. As part
of her project, she measures the rate at
which hydrogen peroxide is broken down
by catalase at 20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees
C.Which question BEST describes Sam’s sci-
ence research project?
(A) How are enzymes affected by chang-
ing temperature?
(B) Is catalase able to function at all tem-
peratures?
213. A 214. A 215. C 216. D 217. B 218. C 219. A 220. A 221. A 222. C

25
(C) How is the enzyme catalase affected
by changes in temperature?
(D) Can cells survive if the temperature
falls to 20 degrees Celsius?
223. What does a report outline show?
(A) the purpose of your report
(B) the findings of your report
(C) the title of your report
(D) the order of your report sections
224. The margins in APA essays should be
what size?
(A) .5”
(B) 1”
(C) 1.5”
(D) 2”
225. In a controlled experiment, the variable
that is changed to test the hypothesis is
called the-
(A) Controlled Variable
(B) Responsive Variable
(C) Dependent Variable
(D) Independent Variable
226. HOW MANY WAYS TO FORMULATE THE
RESEARCH PROBLEM
(A) 5
(B) 6
(C) 7
(D) 4
227. How many standard deviations is 95%
within the mean?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
228. ANOVA tests use which of the following
distributions?
(A) F
(B) t
(C) Z
(D) Chi-square
229. Contextualization is
(A) context clues
(B) a secondary source
(C) understandinghowcontext/background
information influences the content of the
document
(D) bias
230. A semi-structured interview
(A) may use a checklist and follow-up
questions
(B) has a script of the exact questions
(C) is the most flexible of the interview
approaches
(D) none of above
231. If the correlation coefficient is 0.8, the
percentage of variation in the response
variable explained by the variation in the
explanatory variable is
(A) 0.80%
(B) 80%
(C) 0.64%
(D) 64%
232. What is quantitative data?
(A) Data collected the written / descrip-
tive form
(B) A study of an individual or group over
a long period of time
(C) A small scale study done prior to the
actual study
(D) Data collected in the numeric form
233. Information directly related to the topic
is?
(A) index
(B) relevant
(C) reliable
(D) glossary
223. D 224. B 225. D 226. A 227. B 228. A 229. C 230. A 231. D 232. D 233. B
234. C

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
234. To estimate the total amount of unpaid
balances of their customers, a convenience
store selected using the lottery method
100 customers from their list of charge ac-
counts.
(A) Systematic sampling
(B) Stratified sampling
(C) Simple random sampling
(D) Cluster Sampling
235. A local bank needs information concern-
ing the savings account balances of its
customers. A random sample of 13 ac-
counts was checked. The mean balance
was $686.75 with a sample standard de-
viation of $256.20. Find a 95% confi-
dence interval for the true mean.
(A) ($513.14, $860.36)
(B) ($525.59, $847.91)
(C) ($533.27, $840.23)
(D) ($531.85, $841.65)
236. A phenomenological study makes the as-
sumption that:
(A) there is an objective reality
(B) individual perceptions vary greatly
(C) unique phenomena are especially en-
lightening
(D) important agreements exist among
individual perceptions
237. Find the median.7, 1, 1, 7, 1, 4, 1
(A) 4
(B) 7
(C) 1
(D) 5
238. Considered as an action research which
is directed towards practical application of
the scientific knowledge.
(A) Basic Research
(B) Applied Research
(C) Practical Research
(D) Critical Research
239. What characteristic of qualitative re-
search refers to the ability to seek under-
standing without judgement?
(A) Emphatic Neutrality
(B) Personal Experience
(C) Dynamic Systems
(D) Unique Case Orientation
240. Allowing the researcher to record notes
during data collection is from which tech-
nique for collecting data through observa-
tion?
(A) written description
(B) video recording
(C) photographs
(D) documentation
241. the ratings of a movie ranging from
“poor” to “good” to “excellent”
(A) Nominal
(B) Ordinal
(C) Interval
(D) Ratio
242. A statement made about a population for
testing purpose is called?
(A) Statistic
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Level of Significance
(D) Test-Statistic
243. These are set so that your goals do not
become impossibly large to complete.
(A) scope
(B) delimitations
(C) scope and delimitations
(D) none of above
244. Increasing the sample size of sample will
reduce the
(A) bias.
(B) variability.
(C) mean.
(D) nothing, it will stay the same.
235. D 236. D 237. C 238. B 239. A 240. B 241. B 242. B 243. B 244. B

27
245. A 90% confidence interval for a popula-
tion mean is determined to be 800 to 900.
If the confidence is increased to 95% confi-
dence while the sample statistics and sam-
ple size remain the same, the confidence
interval
(A) becomes wider
(B) becomes narrower
(C) does not change
(D) none of above
246. The mean and standard deviation of a
population are 400 and 40, respectively.
Sample size is 25. What is the mean of
the sampling distribution?
(A) 400
(B) 40
(C) 25
(D) 8
247. It is done to check the correctness and
verify the findings of the study.
(A) Large Sample Size
(B) Numerical Data
(C) Objective
(D) Replication
248. The Purpose of Applied Research are to
create new knowledge, theories and prin-
ciples.
(A) TRUE
(B) FALSE
(C) I DON’T KNOW
(D) none of above
249. Why is research systematic?
(A) It follows your subjective opinion
about things.
(B) It gives you accurate answers to sci-
entific problems.
(C) It is logical.
(D) It follows a specific system.
250. If two variables, x and y, have a very
strong linear relationship, then
(A) there is evidence that x causes a
change in y.
(B) there is evidence that y causes a
change in x.
(C) there might not be anycausal relation-
ship between x and y.
(D) None of these alternatives is correct.
251. A detailed observational schedule will
improve
(A) inter-rater reliability
(B) ethics
(C) demand characteristics
(D) subjectivity
252. If heights of 3rd graders follow a normal
distribution with a mean of 52 inches and
a standard deviation of 2.5 inches, what
is the z score of a 3rd grader who is 47
inches tall?
(A) -5
(B) -2
(C) 2
(D) 5
253. An outline can help you to do the follow-
ings, except
(A) withdraw conclusions
(B) understand information flow
(C) include everything important
(D) structure manuscript
254. All of the following are the characteris-
tics of research except,
(A) Improve reading and comprehension
(B) Accuracy
(C) Relevance
(D) Systematic
245. A 246. A 247. D 248. B 249. D 250. C 251. A 252. B 253. A 254. A

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
255. Amirul has designed a uniquely shaped
walker for senior citizens, which can be
collapsed and, with the aid of two levers,
used as a chair. Amirul’s design is in com-
mercial production under the name of Sup-
portive Stroller. Which types of intellec-
tual property would most likely apply to
Amirul’s creation?
(A) Patent; copyright; trademark
(B) Copyright; trademark; industrial de-
sign
(C) Trademark; industrial design; trade
secret
(D) Patent; trademark; industrial design
256. Identify the field of study being describe
in the statement:It can lead to be more re-
sponsible and accountable operation of the
different components of technology.
(A) Medical Health
(B) Business
(C) Education
(D) Science Technology
257. All factors that can change in an experi-
ment.
(A) variable
(B) data
(C) conclusion
(D) result
258. what type of interview am I?the inter-
viewer has freedom to vary questions,
their wording and the order of their ques-
tions. interviewers may ask follow-up
questions or probe more deeply on some
questions.
(A) semi-structured interviews
(B) un-structured interviews
(C) group interviews
(D) structured interviews
259. Order the steps of the ethnographic re-
search processa.-Identify Intent and the
Type of Design and Relate Intent to Your
Research Problemb.-Discuss Approval and
Access Considerationsc.-Write the Report
Consistent with Your Designd.-Analyze
and Interpret Data within a Designe.-Use
Appropriate Data Collection Procedures
(A) a, b, e, d, c
(B) a, b, e, c, d
(C) e, b, a, c, d
(D) none of above
260. The height of bean plants depends on the
amount of water they receive.What is the
independent variable?
(A) Height of plants
(B) Condition of soil
(C) Salt or fresh water
(D) Amount of water
261. It is the legal means of protecting an au-
thor’s work.
(A) Patent
(B) Trade Secrets
(C) Copyright
(D) Trademark
262. What word does NOT describe a report?
(A) objective
(B) factual
(C) orderly
(D) persuasive
263. The less soda I drink, the more energy I
have. What kind of correlation is this?
(A) No correlation
(B) Positive
(C) Negative
(D) All the above
264. An interaction
(A) is a second-order term
(B) causes the linear model to convert to
a plane
(C) must have crossing contour lines
(D) is mediation
255. D 256. D 257. A 258. B 259. A 260. D 261. C 262. D 263. C 264. A

29
265. It offers the ability to easily compile
descriptive statistics, parametric and non-
parametric analyses, as well as graphical
depictions of results through the graphical
user interface (GUI).
(A) MINITAB
(B) SPSS
(C) R
(D) GRAPHPAD PRISM
266. is a data collection tool for gather-
ing information from a sample population,
with the intention of generalizing the re-
sults to a larger population.
(A) Newspaper
(B) Survey
(C) Observation
(D) none of above
267. Which of the following is true about the
t-distribution?
(A) Approaches a normal distribution as
its degree of freedom increases.
(B) Assumes the population is normally
distributed.
(C) It is more spread out than the normal
standard distribution.
(D) All of these statements are true.
268. What is the best synonym for “para-
phrase?”
(A) restate
(B) copy
(C) plagiarize
(D) invent
269. A(n) of a data set is much greater or
much less than the other data values.
(A) mean
(B) median
(C) mode
(D) outlier
270. What is the DIFFERENCE between a Pri-
mary and Secondary Source?
(A) They are the same
(B) A Primary Source comes DIRECTLY
from a person who experienced an event.
A Secondary Source is information that
DOES NOT COME DIRECTLY from a person
who experienced that event.
(C) A Primary Source DOES NOT COME
DIRECTLY from a person who experienced
an event. A Secondary Source is informa-
tion that comes DIRECTLY from a person
who experienced that event.
(D) none of above
271. What is cohesive writing?
(A) writing that provides convincing proof
for the writer’s ideas claims
(B) writing that uses many specialized vo-
cabulary words related to the topic
(C) writing in which ideas and sentences
seem to belong together
(D) none of above
272. What characteristic of research is shown
in the statement below? “Research is
based on direct experience by the re-
searcher.”
(A) Analytical
(B) Controlled
(C) Empirical
(D) Systematic
273. Linear regression analysis produces an
equation of Y = 7-3.2X. This indicates
that:
(A) An X value of 0 would would increase
Y by 7.
(B) A 1 unit decrease in X results in a 3.2
unit decrease in Y.
(C) A 1 unit increase in X results in a 3.2
unit increase in Y.
(D) A 1 unit increase in X results in a 3.2
unit decrease in Y.
265. B 266. B 267. D 268. A 269. D 270. B 271. C 272. C 273. D 274. A

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
274. This is the part wherein you as the re-
searcher writes the expected outcome of
the research. What is this?
(A) Assumption of the Study
(B) Scope and Delimitation
(C) Significance of the Study
(D) Background of the Study
275. The researcher should be fully equipped
with research skills when conducting the
study.
(A) Confidentiality
(B) Competence
(C) Legality
(D) Openness
276. If the coefficient of determination is
0.876, what percent of the variation is ex-
plained?
(A) 56%
(B) 88%
(C) -67%
(D) 92%
277. Which of the following would be an ad-
vantage of content analysis?
(A) it is unobtrusive
(B) It is easy to establish valididty
(C) It is always reliable
(D) It is rational
278. What should be included in the introduc-
tion?
(A) method
(B) arguments
(C) importance
(D) references
279. Which of these contains steps in the right
order?
(A) Ask a question, state your hypothe-
sis, research, experiment, analyze, make
a conclusion
(B) State your hypothesis, ask a question,
research, experiment, analyze, make a
conclusion
(C) Ask a question, research, state your
hypothesis, experiment, analyze, make a
conclusion
(D) State your hypothesis, ask a question,
research, make a conclusion, experiment,
analyze
280. What is a mode of delivering a survey?
(A) Reading
(B) Data Collection
(C) Mail
(D) none of the above
281. Researcher A had presented the name of
the barangay captain who helped him in
giving him a legit information about the
criminalities happened in their barangay as
part of the data. Does the researcher did
the right thing?
(A) Yes, because the barangay captain
deserves an appreciation for helping.
(B) Yes, because his name was just used
during the presentation.
(C) No, because this is not preserving the
confidentiality of the matter.
(D) No, because he is not the direct per-
son involved in the study.
282. What is the mode of 3, 3, 4, 5, 10?
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 10
283. Find the lower quartile (Q1) of the fol-
lowing set of scores 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13,
15
(A) 13
(B) 9
(C) 7
(D) 6
275. B 276. B 277. A 278. C 279. C 280. C 281. C 282. A 283. C 284. A

31
284. the subject matter of the study and the
population from which they will be se-
lected. This population needs to be large
enough to be able to make generaliza-
tions.
(A) who
(B) what
(C) where
(D) how
285. In a bibliographic entry what should be
done if there are more than four authors?
(A) List all the authors, regardless of
number.
(B) After the first author, use et al.
(C) List the first three authors then list
use et al.
(D) Do not list the authors use the title of
work.
286. What is the correct conversion?287 hL =
kL
(A) 28.7 kL
(B) 2.87 kL
(C) 0.287 kL
(D) 0.0287 kL
287. Which of the following is not the type of
interview questions?
(A) Structured interview
(B) Partial-structured interview
(C) Unforeseen interview
(D) none of above
288. If you write an original story, what type
of intellectual property gives you the right
to decide who can make and sell copies of
your work?
(A) copyright
(B) geographical indications
(C) patents
(D) trademarks
289. What is fair use?
(A) The ability to use a portion of a copy-
righted material, depending upon intent.
(B) The ability to use an entire copy-
righted material as your own.
(C) The requirement for all collaborative
work in a class.
(D) The ability of individuals to make sim-
ilar works without penalty.
290. What is the arithmetic mean of 2, 10, 6,
4, 4, 6, 4, 1, 7, 8, 2, 2, 9, 5, 3, 7, 3, 2, 8,
7
(A) 100
(B) 2
(C) 20
(D) 5
291. The area around or between elements in
a design.
(A) Space
(B) Texture
(C) Balance
(D) Color
292. What is an research error?
(A) A mistake made by the researcher
when conducting a research
(B) An assumptions made about the sam-
ple the may not be true or accurate
(C) using the wrong survey design to con-
duct a research
(D) respondents failing to complete a
question due to laziness or lack of under-
standing.
293. The values of the expected should be
or more in at least 80% of the cells, and no
cell should have an expected of less than
one
(A) 80%, 20%
(B) 1, 5
(C) 5, 1
(D) 20%, 5
285. A 286. A 287. C 288. A 289. A 290. D 291. A 292. B 293. C 294. B

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
294. An initial run-through of procedures on
a much smaller scale. This is designed to
save time and money by identifying any
flaws in the procedures.
(A) Hawthorne effect
(B) Pilot study
(C) Overt observation
(D) Participant observation
295. An ethical principle which means sharing
you findings.
(A) Openness
(B) Honesty
(C) Loyalty
(D) Integrity
296. If the standard deviation of a data set is
4, what is the variance?
(A) 2
(B) 16
(C) 4
(D) none of above
297. A research worker plans to evaluate high
school students’ reactions to a new policy
on closed campus stations. He locates him-
self near the office of the dean, where he
interviews every fourth student who vis-
its the dean. He eventually secures data
from 100 interviews and publishes his
findings as the “Reactions of high school
students to a new policy for a closed cam-
pus.” What may be wrong with this ap-
proach?
(A) Too small a sample
(B) Inadequately defined problem
(C) Inadequate techniques of analysis
(D) Biased sample
298. What are the steps in the Scientific
Method?
(A) Ask a Question, Make a Hypothesis,
Do Background research, Conduct an Ex-
periment, Analyze your data, Report your
results.
(B) Ask a Question, Make a Hypothesis,
Analyze your data, Do Background re-
search, Conduct an Experiment, Report
your results.
(C) Ask a Question, Do Background re-
search, Make a Hypothesis, Conduct an
Experiment, Analyze your data, Report
your results.
(D) Ask a Question, Do Background re-
search, Conduct an Experiment, Make a
Hypothesis, Analyze your data, Report
your results.
299. What is the other term for t-
distribution?
(A) Student’s t-distribution
(B) Percentile distribution
(C) Probability distribution
(D) Z-distribution
300. The average of the numbers is also
known as
(A) mean
(B) median
(C) mode
(D) total
301. A lecturer wants to know how students
in the class did on their first semester fi-
nal exam. He asks 15 students by call-
ing their name from the class attendance
list to state their CGPA result. He con-
cludes from their report that the class did
extremely well. What is the sample?
(A) Students in the first semester
(B) Staff and students at POLIMAS
(C) Students of all semesters
(D) 15 students in the first semester
302. The heights of some students are
given.158cm 172cm 164cm164cm 167cm
159cm What is the range of the heights?
(A) 13cm
(B) 14cm
(C) 164cm
(D) 330cm
295. A 296. B 297. D 298. C 299. A 300. A 301. D 302. B 303. A

33
303. What protects distinctive marks words
or symbols associated with a particular
product?
(A) Trademark
(B) Copyright
(C) Patent
(D) Trade Secret
304. Experiment where only one variable is
changed at a time
(A) Hypothesis
(C) Dependent variable
(D) controlled experiment
305. What is the tense of the verbs in writing
the methodology during the proposal?
(A) Present tense
(B) Past tense
(C) Future tense
(D) Progressive tense
306. All of the following may suggest bias,
except:
(A) first person, as in “I think”
(B) subjective language
(C) a lack of facts or examples
(D) a link to another source
307. If you wanted to find out why sales are
down at your company, what type of re-
port would you write?
(A) an informative report
(B) a problem solving report
(C) an evaluation study
(D) a proposal
308. This includes purpose and reason behind
the conduct of the study.
(A) Assumption of the Study
(B) Scope and Delimitation
(C) Significance of the Study
(D) Background of the Study
309. A sample frame is a useful tool to a
target population.
(A) approximate
(B) assess
(C) assimilate
(D) attach
310. How do you calculate the standard devi-
ation?
(A) Divide the variance by 2.
(B) Its a long process and I can’t explain
it right now.
(C) Find the mean and multiply it by the
variance.
(D) Take the square root of the variance.
311. What are the two basic types of stud-
ies that are categorized as descriptive re-
search?
(A) focus groups and case analysis
(B) longitudinal studies and case analysis
(C) focus groups and cross-sectional
studies
(D) longitudinal studies and cross-
sectional studies
312. What is the significance of this proyect?
(A) Methods
(B) Discussion
(C) Results
(D) Introduction
313. The mean weight of potato chip bags is
10.5 ounces with a standard deviation of
3 ounces. A random sample of 40 bags of
potato chips is selected. What is the prob-
ability that the mean of the sample is less
than 10 ounces?
(A) P =-1.05
(B) P = .1469
(C) P = .0202
(D) P = .8531
304. D 305. C 306. D 307. B 308. D 309. A 310. D 311. D 312. B 313. B 314. A

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
314. Identify the type of sampling tech-
nique”Inn a recent research that was con-
ducted in a private school, the subjects of
the study were selected by using the Table
of Random Numbers.”
(A) Simple Random Sampling
(B) Systematic Sampling
(C) Stratified Sampling
(D) Cluster Sampling
315. Sampling of participants in qualitative
studies is typically:
(A) random
(B) cluster random
(C) purposive
(D) convenience
316. Quantitative research can be classified
into non-experimental and experimental.
Which of the following does not fall under
non-experimental research?
(A) Descriptive research
(B) Correlational research
(C) Causal-comparative research
(D) Laboratory experiments
317. Which step of the scientific method does
not have its own section in a lab report?
(A) Observation
(B) Ask a Question
(C) Analyze the Results
(D) Conclusions
318. A student wants to test the effects of
type of exercise on heart rate. What is
the dependent variable?
(A) heart rate
(B) type of exercise
(C) amount of exercise
(D) time of day exercise occurs
319. A hypothesis which develops while plan-
ning the research
(A) Null hypothesis
(B) Working hypothesis
(C) Relational hypothesis
(D) Discriptive hypothesis
320. Which one of the below will give you per-
centage data in SPSS?
(A) Descriptives
(B) Frequencies
(C) Crosstabs
(D) Q-Q Plots
321. Copyright law protects
(A) all written creative works.
(B) all original thoughts and ideas.
(C) only creative works that have copy-
right symbols.
(D) Nothing
322. This provides support and detailed infor-
mation of the research study.
(A) research question
(B) justification
(C) research title
(D) none of above
323. The rate of a chemical reaction is NOT af-
fected by which of the following:
(A) temperature
(B) concentration
(C) particle size (surface area)
(D) All of these affect reaction rates
324. What is Close-ended questions
(A) Close-ended questions require the re-
spondent to choose one of several speci-
fied answers and can also take a variety
of forms.
(B) Close-ended questions is a question
that a research project sets out to answer
(C) Close-ended questions allow respon-
dents to write in their own answers.
(D) Close-ended questions are used to
find out more about the characteristics of
315. C 316. D 317. A 318. A 319. B 320. B 321. A 322. B 323. D 324. A

35
individual teachers and learners (e.g., stu-
dents’ age, gen-der, ethnicity, language
background, proficiency level, etc.).
325. Which of the following ways do re-
searchers attempt to reduce nonresponse
in survey studies?
(A) Training interviewers/administrators
(B) Convenient arrangements
(C) Clarity of questions
326. Separate is inherently unequal
(A) BRown v Board of Education
(B) Plessy v Ferguson
(C) Marbury v Madison
(D) McColluch v Maryland
327. To search for specific words on a web-
page
(A) click F6.
(B) click cap locks.
(C) click control + F.
(D) click space bar + F.
328. In-text citations are also known as
(A) Textual citations
(B) Parentheses citations
(C) In-text parentheses
(D) Parenthetical citations
329. If the desired data is available to the re-
searcher, then the problem would be se-
lected.
(A) Data Availability
(B) Urgency
(C) Area Culture
(D) Feasibility
330. define the topic and boundaries of the re-
search problem to be investigated
(A) assumptions
(B) significance of the study
(C) scope and limitation
(D) scope and delimitations
331. When setting up an experiment what six
items do you need to consider?
(A) Hypothesis, independent variable, de-
pendent variable, experimental group,
control group, constants
(B) constants, hypothesis, independent
variable, observations experiment
(C) hypothesis, control group, question,
analyze data,
(D) independent variable, dependent vari-
able, constants, experiment
332. Only about 20% of people who try to
quit smoking succeed. Sellers of a moti-
vational tape claim that listening to their
recorded messages can help people quit.
What is the alternative hypothesis?
(A) p = 0.2
(B) p = 0.25
(C) p 0.2
(D) p 0.2
333. If you wish to test the claim that the
mean of the population is 100, the appro-
priate alternate hypothesis is
(A) x = 100
(B) µ = 100
(C) µ ̸= 100
(D) µ 100
334. Where do you start when conducting lit-
erature review?
(A) Scanning the source
(B) Skimming the source
(C) Analysing the information
(D) Critiquing the information
335. Which of the following yields correct de-
cision?
(A) Accept a false null hypothesis
(B) Reject a true null hypothesis
(C) Accept a true null hypothesis
(D) none of above
325. D 326. A 327. C 328. D 329. A 330. D 331. A 332. D 333. C 334. A 335. C

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
336. A Qualitative Research is a research that
deals more on factual data. What char-
acteristics of a qualitative research refers
to examining the data by internal traits of
the subject individual like emotional, men-
tal and spiritual characteristics.
(A) Diversified Data in Real-life Situation
(B) Abounds with Words and Visuals
(C) Contextualization
(D) Internal Analysis
337. A word, phrase, symbol or logo that is
used to brand, identify and distinguish a
service.
(A) Trademark
(B) Service Mark
(C) Mark
(D) Copyright
338. The variable that causes a change is the
(A) constant
(C) dependent variable
(D) control
339. The manufacturer of a particular brand of
microwave popcorn claims that only 2 per-
cent of its kernels of corn fail to pop. A
competitor, believing that the actual per-
centage is larger, tests 2, 000 kernels and
finds that 44 failed to pop. Do these re-
sults provide sufficient evidence to sup-
port the competitor’s belief?
(A) One-Sample Z Test for a Proportion
(B) One-Sample T Test for a Mean
(C) Two-Sample Z Test for a Proportion
(D) Matched-Pairs T Test for a Mean
340. Allen, Thomas B. Vanishing Wildlife
of North America . Washing-
ton, D.C.:National Geographic Society,
1974.What year was this published?
(A) 2015
(B) 1947
(C) 1974
(D) 1998
341. is used to test relationships between
quantitative variables. In other words,
it’s a measure of how things are related
(A) Regression
(B) Correlation
(C) Variance
(D) none of above
342. Karina wanted to know the effects of
playing Mobile Legends to the academic
performance of Grade 11 STEM 3 students.
What research design would she best use
to realize her main objective?
(A) Exploratory design
(B) Cohort design
(C) Causal design
(D) Action research
343. Action research is most appropriate
when teachers
(A) learn the participant views rather
than imposing their own view of the situa-
tion.
(B) try to correct something that is not
working.
(C) control for possible rival hypothesis
for extraneous variables
(D) learn how things were done in the
past and apply them to current or future
events.
344. You are managing a large feed lot. A
pharmaceutical company wants you to try
a new antibiotic to treat shipping fever in
newly arrived cattle. The company claims
that it is more effective at a lower cost
than your current antibiotic you are us-
ing. You will measure the temperature
of the cattle to see whether or not it
works. WHAT IS THE INDEPENDENT VARI-
ABLE (IV)?
(A) Type of cow
336. D 337. B 338. B 339. A 340. C 341. B 342. C 343. B 344. B

37
(B) Antibiotic
(C) No Antibiotic
(D) Temperature of Cattle
345. Which of the following is “an approach
for exploring understanding the mean-
ing individuals or groups ascribe to a social
problem” (Creswell 2014)
(A) Transformative research approach
(B) Qualitative research approach
(C) Quantitative research approach
(D) none of above
346. A situation which is challenging and re-
quires reflective thinking
(A) Research problem
(B) Research title
(C) Research methods
(D) Literature review
347. Find the range of the data set:24, 49, 47,
78, 66, 37, 49, 82
(A) 54
(B) 33
(C) 58
(D) 59
348. This principle can be defined as:the rela-
tionship among the elements of a visual
that helps all the elements function to-
gether.
(A) unity
(B) form
(C) shape
(D) balance
349. Sourcing
(A) helpsusgetanaccuratepictureofthe
past
(B) is original documents and objects cre-
ated at the time of study.
(C) identifies and answers questions
about the origins of the source.
(D) locates events and sources in time
and space.
350. Anna has test scores of 72, 94, 100,
62.What is the range of her test scores?
(A) 32
(B) 72
(C) 38
(D) 100
351. The last part of the research process is
(A) Initiate
(B) Assess
(C) Organize
(D) Select
352. If the true means of the samples
are equal, then MS(between)/MS(within)
should be:
(A) Close to 1.00
(B) close to-1.00
(C) Negative value between 0 and-1
(D) More than 1.00
353. How is the Reference List arranged?
(A) Alphabetically, by title of the work
(B) Alphabetically, by the author’s first
name
(C) Alphabetically, by the author’s last
name
(D) By publication year
354. Joanna has been growing tomatoes. She
noticed that the tomato plants close to the
busy street did not produce nearly as many
tomatoes as the plants which were closer
to her house. Which of these would be a
question she could ask to help investigate
what has happened with the tomatoes?
(A) Why do tomatoes grow best near the
house?
(B) Do tomato plants grow better with
lots of water?
(C) Does the exhaust from cars affect the
growth of tomatoes?
(D) Will tomato plants become bigger if
given more fertilizer?
345. B 346. A 347. C 348. A 349. C 350. C 351. B 352. A 353. C 354. C

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
355. The mathematical difference between
the highest (maximum) value and lowest
(minimum) value in a data set.
(A) Mean Deviation
(B) Range
(C) Standard Deviation
(D) Variance
356. This case guaranteed certain rights for in-
dividuals being arrested
(A) Marbury vs. Madison
(B) Tinker vs. Des Moines
(C) Hazelwood vs. Kuhlmeier
(D) Miranda vs. Arizona
357. What sites are you able to use content
from with NO restrictions?
(A) Creative Commons
(B) blogs
(C) public domains
(D) none of above
358. This refers to using data from a variety
of accessible sources.
(A) method triangulation
(B) data triangulation
(C) researcher triangulation
(D) theory triangulation
359. What is the t value associated with 90%
confidence and a sample size of 15?
(A) 1.341
(B) 1.345
(C) 1.761
(D) 1.753
360. What do you call the number or numeri-
cal value that describes a population char-
acteristic?
(A) Sample
(B) Hypothesis
(C) Parameter
(D) Population
361. The mean temperature in Glens Falls
for the month of February is 23 degrees
with a standard deviation of 4.2 degrees.
What is the z-score for a temperature of
17 degrees?
(A) 1
(B) 1.43
(C) -1.43
(D) 11.5
362. Which of the following sources of error
is included in the margin of error
(A) chance variation in choosing a ran-
dom sample.
(B) undercoverage.
(C) some of the subjects did not under-
stand the questions.
(D) voluntary response.
363. A patent related to windshield wiper
was granted to
(A) Mr. Hunt
(B) Ms. Mary Anderson
(C) Ms. Miriam Benjamin
(D) Mr. John J Loud
364. Find the range.7, 1, 1, 7, 1, 4, 1
(A) 6
(B) 5
(C) 7
(D) 3
365. What is a target population?
(A) the whole group you want to study or
describe
(B) the population that is practicing for
the Hunger Games
(C) population inside the classroom
(D) part of the group you want to study or
describe
366. The greatest value in a set of data is
called the
(A) upper quartile
355. B 356. D 357. C 358. B 359. C 360. C 361. C 362. A 363. B 364. A 365. A
366. D

39
(B) lower quartile
(C) minimum
(D) maximum
367. A symbol, word/s, legally registered or
established by use as representing a com-
pany or product.
(A) Patent
(B) Trade Secrets
(C) Copyright
(D) Trademark
368. Which of these is the BEST choice for
an research question for a research paper
about life on planets?
(A) Which planets do we know have life
on them?
(B) What factors affect a planet’s ability
to sustain life?
(C) Why would being the closest or far-
thest planet from the sun affect the ability
to sustain life?
(D) Why is there no life on the moon?
369. A teacher wants to know the aver-
age time spent doing homework by the
students in her class of 20 girls and 5
boys.She selects the five closest to her
desk.
(A) simple random
(B) Self Selected.
(C) Convenience
(D) Systematic Random
370. What does TREE stand for?
(A) Teacher-Researcher-Experimenter-
Evaluator
(B) Teacher-Researcher-Educator-
Evaluator
(C) Teacher-Researcher-Evaluator-
Educator
(D) none of above
371. Which one of the following is the most
appropriate definition of a 99% confi-
dence interval?
(A) 99% of the time in repeated samples,
the interval would contain the true value
of the parameter
(B) 99% of the time in repeated samples,
the interval would contain the estimated
value of the parameter
(C) 99% of the time in repeated samples,
the null hypothesis will be rejected
(D) 99% of the time in repeated samples,
the null hypothesis will not be rejected
when it was false
372. It’s the number you get when you add
all the numbers together and then divide
by the amount of numbers you have.
(A) mean
(B) median
(C) mode
(D) range
373. Why is outlining important for a research
paper
(A) I have to turn it in for a grade
(B) Research papers are too long to do
without one
(C) Gives you a guide to follow and ex-
poses where you may need to do more re-
search
(D) Outlines are just busy work
374. Which of the following is an example of
plagiarism:
(A) Writing your own fictional story and
not including a bibliography
(B) Putting an author’s words into your
paper word for word without using quota-
tion marks
(C) Using information from a website,
putting it into your own words, and prop-
erly citing it.
(D) All of these!
367. D 368. B 369. C 370. B 371. A 372. A 373. C 374. B

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
375. Which one of these definitions explains
Experiments?
(A) Observing a group without their
knowledge or consent
(B) Collecting information through un-
structured interviews and postal question-
naires
(C) Observation and description of a
group of people and their way of life
(D) An investigation that tests a hypothe-
sis. The aim is to find out why something
happens by controlling the variables
376. What is the correct reference format for
a web document?
(A) What is holistic medicine? 2012. Re-
trievedfromhttp://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
(B) Gold, M. (2012). What is holistic
medicine? http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
(C) Martin Gold. (2012). What is holistic
medicine? http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html
(D) Gold, M 2012, What is holis-
tic medicine?, viewed 30 July 2014,
http://www.holisticmed.com/whatis.html.
377. Which of the following are types of Sur-
vey Research Methods?
(A) Interviews
(B) Questionnaires
(C) Telephone surveys
378. What is a double blind procedure?
(A) Participants don’t know which group
they’re in
(B) Researchers don’t know which group
the participants are in
(C) Neither participants nor researcher
knows who is in which group
(D) Both researcher and participants
know who is in each group
379. Data analysis in qualitative studies, com-
pared to quantitative studies, is:
(A) inductive rather than deductive
(B) deductive rather than inductive
(C) theoretical rather than applied
(D) applied rather than theoretical
380. A car has a mean gas mileage of 26 mpg.
Bedazzled Motor Company claims that its
new sedan, the Glitteratti, will average
better than 26 miles per gallon. What is
the null and alternative hypothesis?
(A) H0:µ = 26 H1:µ = 26
(B) H0:µ 26 H1:µ = 26
(C) H0:µ = 26 H1:µ 26
(D) H0:µ = 26 H1:µ 26
381. This variable can be fixed or designed
(A) DICHOTOMOUS VARIABLE
(B) INTERVAL VARIABLE
(C) NOMINAL VARIABLE
(D) DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLE
382. ways that scientific investigations can be
retested are:
(A) measurement and control
(B) repetition and replication
(C) defining a problem and hypothesizing
(D) concluding and analyzing
383. Sage wants to know which recreational
activity is most popular in Heard County.
Which survey question is the least biased
prompt for collecting this data?
(A) Are you one of those country boys
who hunts all the time?
(B) Do you play those violent video
games?
(C) How do you like to spend your free
time?
(D) Do you sit at home and read books all
the time?
375. D 376. B 377. D 378. C 379. A 380. D 381. A 382. B 383. C 384. D

41
384. If the null hypothesis is false then which
of the following is accepted?
(A) Null Hypothesis
(B) Positive Hypothesis
(C) Negative Hypothesis
(D) Alternative Hypothesis.
385. Taxi fares in New York City are normally
distributed with a mean fare of $22.50
and a standard deviation of $2.20. A
tourism agency surveys 25 of its clients
who have recently traveled to New York
City to determine whether or not this in-
formation is accurate.The sample of 25
tourists reported an average taxi fare of
$23.20. What is the z-score that corre-
sponds to this amount?
(A) -0.318
(B) 0.318
(C) -1.59
(D) 1.59
386. If 10 is added to every value in a set of
data, what will happen to the value of the
standard deviation?
(A) it will increase
(B) it will decrease
(C) it will stay the same
(D) it will both increase and decrease
387. Which statement best describes a scien-
tific question?
(A) It must be testable.
(B) It must be original.
(C) It must be based on a hypothesis.
(D) It must be supported by data.
388. which survey research method would
have the maximum outreach in the public?
(A) Interview
(B) Telephone calls
(C) Questionnaire
(D) All of these
389. A random sample of 100 visitors to a
popular theme park spent an average of
$142 on the trip with a standard deviation
of $47.5. Which of the following would be
the 98% confidence interval for the mean
money spent by all visitors to this theme
park?
(A) ($130.77, $153.23)
(B) ($132.77, $151.43)
(C) ($132.69, $151.31)
(D) ($140.88, $143.12)
390. In acronym SMART, what is R?
(A) Reliability
(B) Realistic
(C) Reasonability
(D) Rigor
391. Why do we use a t-distribution in-
stead of a z-distribution(normal curve) for
means?
(A) Its more accurate for smaller sample
sizes
(B) Its more accurate for larger sample
sizes
(C) They are the same
(D) None of these.
392. The scientific method is made up of sev-
eral:
(A) stones
(B) experiments
(C) problems
(D) steps
393. Which of the following are NOT assump-
tions about ANOVA? Select all that apply.
(A) The populations from which the sam-
ples were obtained must be normally or
approximately normally distributed.
(B) The samples must be independent of
one another.
(C) The variances of the populations must
be equal.
(D) The groups must be equal in sample
size.
385. D 386. C 387. A 388. C 389. A 390. B 391. A 392. D 393. D 394. C

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
394. refers to a situation or set of circum-
stances.
(A) cost
(B) consequence
(C) condition
(D) none of above
395. Which menu item contains the split file
and select cases command?
(A) Transform menu
(B) Analyze menu
(C) Graph menu
(D) Data menu
396. Which are 2 research question forms?
(A) Main questions and hypothesis
(B) Central question and subquestions
(C) Super question and subquestions
(D) Main question and objective
397. All research types apply to all data col-
lecting techniques.
(A) True
(B) False
(C) Biography
(D) Narrative Report.
398. A researcher identifies professional ath-
letes as a group of interest to test her re-
search hypothesis. She then identifies a
few local professional teams and selects a
small group of the local athletes to be ob-
served. In this example, who is the target
population?
(A) not clearly identified
(B) all professional athletes
(C) the few local professional athletes
(D) the small group of professional ath-
letes who were observed
399. If the correlation coefficient, r =-1.0
(A) all the points on the scatterplot must
fall exactly on a straight line with a posi-
tive slope.
(B) all the points on the scatterplot must
fall exactly on a straight line with a nega-
tive slope.
(C) all the points on the scatterplot must
fall exactly on a straight horizontal line.
(D) all the points on the scatterplot must
fall exactly on a straight vertical line.
400. A hypothesis which defines the popula-
tion distribution is called?
(A) Null Hypothesis
(B) Statistical Hypothesis
(C) Simple Hypothesis
(D) Composite Hypothesis
401. Which of the following is the focus of the
case study in qualitative research?
(A) Exploring the life of an individual
(B) Developing an in-depth analysis of a
case
(C) Developing a theory from the field
(D) Understanding the essence of the ex-
perience
402. Which of the following is NOT true about
hypothesis?
(A) It is an educated guess
(B) It is a vision
(C) It is a testable supposition
(D) It is an explanation of the outcome
403. In which of the following sampling meth-
ods does each member of the population
have an equal chance of being selected into
the sample?
(A) simple random sample
(B) proportional stratified sample
(C) systematic sample with a random
starting point
404. To infer the causes of a phenomenon
which has already occured
(A) Ex Post Facto
395. D 396. B 397. A 398. B 399. B 400. C 401. B 402. B 403. D 404. A

43
(B) Quasi-Experimental
(C) Experimental
(D) Descriptive
405. What can you do to avoid plagiarism?
(A) Reference and rephrase others work
(B) Cite your source at the end of a sen-
tence
(C) Use quotation marks
406. The measures the strength of the
relationship between 2 variables.
(A) Correlation Coeffiecient
(B) Causation
(C) Independent Variable
(D) none of above
407. The abstract
(A) is a brief summary of a research arti-
cle.
(B) cannot be cited.
(C) is written before an article is written.
(D) is not useful when reviewing litera-
ture.
408. Facts, figures and other evidence col-
lected
(A) Pie
(B) Cake
(C) Math
(D) Data
409. Using your F table, what is the critical
value for a set of sample data that has a
df between of 3 and a df within of 10?
(A) 3.86
(B) 3.71
(C) 6.61
(D) 5.41
410. It establishes the scope, context and sig-
nificance of the research to be conducted.
This also states the purpose why the study
will be conducted.
(A) Introduction
(B) Review of Related Literature
(C) Methodology
(D) Results and Recommendations
411. The following are true regarding Pearson
Product-Moment Correlation Test except:
(A) Both population are normally dis-
tributed
(B) The subjects are randomly selected
(C) It is applied for nominal and ordinal
data
(D) Used to measure the degree of rela-
tionship
412. Which part of a report can bibliography
be found? It can be found in the
(A) middle of a research
(B) last page of a research
(C) beginning of a research
(D) introduction part of a research
413. Review:{33, 25, 42, 25, 31, 37, 46, 29,
38}What is the interquartile range of the
data in the set above?
(A) 8
(B) 9
(C) 13
(D) 21
414. Which parameter estimate is the location
parameter?
(A) slope
(B) intercept
(C) standardized beta
(D) interaction term
415. You put your in-text citation inside of
(A) “quotation marks”
405. D 406. A 407. A 408. D 409. B 410. A 411. C 412. B 413. C 414. B 415. B

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
(B) (parentheses)
(C) [brackets]
(D) $dollar signs$
416. The following are characteristics of Chi-
square test of independence except:
(A) Categories are mutually exclusive
(B) observations must be independent
(C) assumes a non-directional hypothesis
(D) The shape of the chi-square distribu-
tion depends on the size of the sample
417. An investigator intends to establish the
relationship between educational status of
mothers and academic achievement of stu-
dents for coastal areas. Which of the fol-
lowing methods will be helpful in terms of
research design?
(A) historical method
(B) survey method
(C) experimental method
(D) Ex-Post Facto method
418. Which of the following is not a character-
istic of Qualitative Research?
(A) Qualitative Research is concerned
with the process as well as the product.
(B) Qualitative research deals with how
people make sense out their lives
(C) The direct source of data is the natu-
ral setting and the researcher is the key
instrument in qualitative research.
(D) The attributes of the subjects of a
study is a major concern.
419. The Coefficient of Determination is
(A) r squared
(B) r
(C) r times the standard deviation of y
over the standard deviation of x
(D) a + bx
420. The objective level involves our students
using his knowledge in new situations is
(A) understand
(B) analyze
(C) apply
(D) evaluate
421. In principle, the reflects the aggre-
gate difference of each individual data
record in a specific sample with the spe-
cific’s sample mean value.
(A) within-group variation
(B) among-group variation
(C) Fstat test
(D) degree of freedom
422. Using a z-score table. Fernando is 60
inches tall. The average height for his age
and gender is 68 with a standard deviation
of 10 inches. What percent of his peers
are shorter than him?
(A) 46.81%
(B) 8%
(C) 78.81%
(D) 21.19%
423. Information obtained through one or
more of the five senses would be called
an
(A) hypothesis
(B) observation
(C) predict
(D) infer
424. refers to when the solution to a prob-
lem does notbear on any practical situation
in the world, but only improves the under-
standing of a community of researchers
(A) applied research
(B) consequence
(C) pure research
(D) research problem
416. D 417. D 418. D 419. A 420. C 421. A 422. D 423. B 424. C 425. B

45
425. What is the margin of error for the inter-
val (6.8, 12.9)?
(A) 9.85
(B) 3.05
(C) 3.50
(D) 6.8
426. The data set below represents the dif-
ferent costs of a camera at an electronic
store.$32, $47, $121, $96, $49, $81,
$56What is the median of the first half
of the data?
(A) $47
(B) $59
(C) $96
(D) $108
427. Copyrighted works can be copied only
(A) if they are posted online.
(B) with the author’s permission.
(C) if the author is dead.
(D) none of above
428. What is meant by ‘informed consent’?
Please indicate the best answer
(A) Telling people who you are and what
you are studying
(B) The ethics committee is informed
about the research
(C) Participants are given a clear indica-
tion what the research is about and what
their involvement would entail
(D) Participants are informed about the
findings of the research at the end of the
project
429. The words used in the research paper are
defined according on how it is used in the
study. How are the words in the study
defined?
(A) Basically
(B) Conceptually
(C) Operationally
(D) Both Conceptually and Operationally
430. Source of bias that occurs when an indi-
vidual chosen for the sample CAN’T be con-
tacted or refuses to cooperate.
(A) Response Bias
(B) Undercoverage
(C) Nonresponse
(D) Voluntary Response
431. What invention allowed the railroads to
stay on schedule and factory orders to be
placed more quickly?
(A) the establishment of time zones
(B) the incandescent light bulb
(C) the telegraph
(D) the typewriter
432. What’s the difference between a web-
page and a website?
(A) Nothing! They’re the same!
(B) A webpage is a single page of informa-
tion, while a website is a number of web
pages connected by links
(C) A webpage is a good resource, but a
website isn’t
(D) A webpage is in a book, but a website
is online
433. Which of these variables could we use
Pearson’s correlation to measure the rela-
tionship?
(A) Height and weight.
(B) Eye colour and hair colour.
(C) Gender and choice of casual attire.
(D) Political party and opinion about the
economy.
434. To read the literature critically means:
(A) to suggest the previous research was
always poorly conducted.
(B) skimming through the material be-
cause most of it is just padding.
(C) evaluating what you read in terms of
your own research questions.
(D) being negative about something be-
fore you read it.
426. A 427. B 428. C 429. D 430. C 431. C 432. B 433. A 434. C 435. C

NARAYAN
CHANGDER
435. Factor that you keep the same in an ex-
periment
(A) Independent Variable
(B) Dependent Variable
(C) Controlled Variable
(D) Operational Definition
436. What would be the best research ques-
tion to further develop the discussion of
Fahrenheit 451, a novel, by Ray Brad-
bury?
(A) What specific events inspired Brad-
bury to write Fahrenheit 451?
(B) Who starred in the 1960s movie ver-
sion of Fahrenheit 451?
(C) Why was Bradbury working in a uni-
versity basement on a rented typewriter
when he wrote Fahrenheit 451?
(D) Have any famous musicians written
songs about Fahrenheit 451?
437. Focus group discussion is an example of
(A) Group to group interview
(B) Group to individual interview
(C) individual to group interview
(D) all of these
438. Who are the main initial contributors to
case study research as a methodology?
(A) Yin Stake
(B) Einstein Yin
(C) Creswell Lichtman
(D) Curie Yin
439. Find the Standard Deviation{ 12, 15, 16,
12, }
(A) 4
(B) 4.09
(C) 5.6
(D) 3.6
440. Which test would you use to see if peo-
ple on computers and people on handhelds
use the same Internet search engines?
1000 web searches from a computer and
1500 web searches from a hand held were
tracked to see what search engine was
used.
(A) Chi-square Goodness of Fit Test
(B) Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity
(C) Not a Chi-square test
(D) none of above
441. The football coach thinks about half his
players are skipping leg day in the gym.
He follows 10 of his players around for a
week, he found that 6 of them skipped leg
day in the gym. Does this give evidence
that over half of his students are skipping
leg day?
(A) 1 sample t-test
(B) 1 proportion z-test
(C) 2 sample t-test
(D) 2 sample z-test
442. Which of the measures of dispersion only
uses two values in the distribution?
(A) range
(B) standard deviation
(C) variance
(D) mean deviation
443. Which of the following is NOT true about
the standard error of a statistic?
(A) The standard error increases as the
sample size(s) increases.
(B) The standard error can never be a
negative number.
(C) The standard error is the estimated
standard deviation of the sample distribu-
tion
(D) none of above
444. Characteristics of a Good Literature Re-
view are
(A) simply summarizes sources
(B) only citing references that agree with
your argument.
436. A 437. C 438. A 439. B 440. B 441. B 442. A 443. A 444. C

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