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This document contains a list of topics related to education, child development, psychology, and assessment. Some of the key topics included are: pedagogy, growth and development in children, teaching methods, theories of intelligence, language acquisition, Piaget's cognitive development theory, learning theories, factors influencing learning, assessment concepts, and learning disabilities. The list touches on many important educational concepts and theories.

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EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT TEACHING METHODS KOHLBERG EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT VYGOTSKY LANGUAGE TOOLS OF ASSESSMENT PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION CHOMSKY LANGUAGE DYSLEXIA CHILD PSYCHOLOGY SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT VARIATIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES RTE 2009 HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT ADHD CURRICULUM BASED ASSESSMENT CONCEPT OF SOCIALISATION REINFORCEMENT AND PUNISHMENT NCF 2005 STERNBERGS THEORY OF INTELLIGENCE LEARNING THEORIES INFLUENCING FACTORS OF LEARNING CONTINUOUS AND COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE GARDNER LANGUAGE ACQUISITION THEORIES PIAGET CONCEPT OF ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION CONCEPT OF ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION SOCIALISATION AND EDUCATION
COGNITIVE THEORIES LAWS OF LEARNING TYPES OF ASSESSMENT LEARNING DISABILITIES BRONFENBRENNERS ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ABLED CHILD MEASUREMENT OF INTELLIGENCE PROJECT METHODS AUTISM ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT COGNITION AND EMOTIONS MASLOW HIERARCHY INTELLIGENCE AND ITS THEORIES VYGOTSKY JEAN PIAGETS THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING CLASSIFICATION OF ASSESSMENT OPERANT CONDITIONING BRUNERS COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY MORAL DEVELOPMENT CHILD CENTRED EDUCATION FREUDS PERSONALITY THEORY BEHAVIOURIST THEORIES IQ ZPD OTHER INTELLIGENCE THEORIES INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCE CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND PEDAGOGY DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING INCLUSIVE EDUCATION GOVT NORMS DEFINE FEATURES SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which particle or particles contribute to the mass of an atom? (A) ** proton (B) ** neutron (C) electron EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Only protons and neutrons contribute to an atom’s mass value. Concept note-2: -Although similar in mass, protons are positively charged, while neutrons have no charge. Therefore, the number of neutrons in an atom contrib- utes significantly to its mass, but not to its charge. Concept note-3: -The nucleus contains the majority of an atom’s mass because protons and neutrons are much heavier than electrons, whereas electrons occupy almost all of an atom’s volume. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] To reduce the order of radicals is to reduce the ____ to its lowest possible number. (A) ** index (B) denominator (C) numerator (D) radicand EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Answer. It is sometimes possible to reduce the index by writing the radical in exponential form and then reducing the fractional exponent to lowest terms. Concept note-2: -Since 2 is the smallest index a radical can have there is no need to worry about this being confused with a radical of index 1. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] This type of assessment is often high stake, which means that it has a high point value. (A) Formative Assessment (B) ** SummativeAssessment EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Summative assessments are often high stakes, which means that they have a high point value. Concept note-2: -The low stakes assessment refers to the formative assessments that have to be organized throughout the training period a multiple times. As it is conducted a number of times, each individual assessment has a limited impact on the performance of students. Concept note-3: -A Guide to Types of Assessment: Diagnostic, Formative, Interim, and Summative. Concept note-4: -Summative assessment examples: End-of-term or midterm exams. Cumulative work over an extended period such as a final project or creative portfolio. End-of-unit or chapter tests. Concept note-5: -What Is the Difference Between Formative and Summative Assessment? If formative assessment measures how a student is learning during a course of study, summative assessment is designed to measure “how much” a student has learned after a unit or course has reached its completion. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What type of sequence is this:1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ____ (A) Arithmetic (B) Geometric (C) ** Fibonacci (D) Quadratic EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers where a number is the addition of the last two numbers, starting with 0, and 1. The Fibonacci Se- quence: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55… Concept note-2: -The Fibonacci sequence is a type series where each number is the sum of the two that precede it. It starts from 0 and 1 usually. The Fibonacci sequence is given by 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, and so on. The numbers in the Fibonacci sequence are also called Fibonacci numbers. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Simplify the expression:8(5 + 2) (A) 13 +10 (B) ** 40 + 16 (C) (8 + 5) 2 (D) 21 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Expert-Verified Answer And the order of operation is also same as B ⇒ O ⇒ D ⇒ M ⇒ A ⇒ S. 5*(2+16)/2-4*(2+2)+1/4 of 16 where * means multi- plication. Using BODMAS, first of all we will solve bracketts. Hence, the answer for the expression is 33. Concept note-2: -Twitter user pjmdoll shared a math problem: 8 ÷ 2(2 + 2) = ? Some people got 16 as the answer, and some people got 1. The confusion has to do with the difference between modern and historic interpretations of the order of operations. The correct answer today is 16. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The tomato is an introduced species in Europe (A) ** True (B) False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The tomato is native to western South America and Central America. In 1519, Cortez discovered tomatoes growing in Montezuma’s gardens and brought seeds back to Europe where they were planted as ornamental curiosities, but not eaten. Concept note-2: -In the early 16th century, Spanish conquistadors returning from expeditions in Mexico and other parts of Mesoamerica were thought to have first introduced the seeds to southern Europe. Some researchers credit Cortez with bringing the seeds to Europe in 1519 for ornamental purposes. Concept note-3: -From its origins as a wild plant in the Americas to the thousands of varieties grown around the world today, tomatoes have evolved into one of the world’s most popular food crops. Today’s tomatoes began as wild plants in the Andes, growing in parts of Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Concept note-4: -The age-old question actually has an answer-it’s both! Tomatoes are fruits that are considered vegetables by nutritionists. Botanically, a fruit is a ripened flower ovary and contains seeds. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] As degrees of freedom increase, what happens to the spread of the t-distribution? (A) Increases (B) Can’t be determined (C) ** Decreases (D) Stays the same EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -What happens to the shape of Student’s t distribution as the degrees of freedom increase? As the degrees of freedom increase, Student’s t dis- tribution becomes less leptokurtic, meaning that the probability of extreme values decreases. The distribution becomes more and more similar to a standard nor- mal distribution. Concept note-2: -As the DF decreases, the t-distribution has thicker tails. This property allows for the greater uncertainty associated with small sample sizes. Concept note-3: -TheTh t-distribution has less spread as the degrees of freedom increase because, as n increases, s becomes closer to sigma by the law of large numbers. As the sample size n increases, the density curve of t gets closer to the standard normal density curve. Concept note-4: -As the df increases, the distribution becomes narrower and less leptokurtic. It becomes increasing similar to a standard normal distribution. When df ≥ 30, Student’s t distribution is almost the same as a standard normal distribution. Concept note-5: -What is the relationship between the value for degrees of freedom and the shape of the t distribution? As the degrees of freedom increases, the t distribution becomes less spread out. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] what are the products of these reactions?K+O2 → Na+H2O → (A) KOH, Na2O (B) ** K2O, NaOH +H2 (C) KOH+H2, Na2O EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Potassium oxide is a metal oxide with formula K2O. It is a potassium salt and a metal oxide. Concept note-2: -It is a single replacement reaction because only one replacement of elements occurs. Hence, the type of the given reaction is a single replace- ment reaction. Concept note-3: -Balance: K + H2O → KOH + H2 | General Knowledge Questions. Concept note-4: -The reaction is an redox reaction because sodium undergoes oxidation and water undergoes reduction. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] It colors the background behind the selected text or paragraph. (A) Borders (B) Show/Hide (C) Sort (D) ** Shading EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The correct answer is Shading. For the color background of the text in a document, select the text and choose a color as per requirement. Concept note-2: -The correct answer is Font color. You can change the colour of the text in your Word document. Select the text that you want to change. On the Home tab, in the Font group, choose the arrow next to Font Color, and then select a colour. Concept note-3: -You can also add a background color to your document. This color will only appear in digital copies of the document-Word will not print the page color. On the Design tab, click the Page Color button. Select a color. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Amy has 72 sweets in a bag. She keeps ¼ of them for herself and shares the rest with friends. How many sweets will she give to her friends? (A) 72 sweets (B) ** 54 sweets (C) 18 sweets (D) 4 sweets EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -She keeps 72 x 1/4 = 18 sweets. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Can be reduced to: (A) ** 2 2/3 (B) 2 1/4 (C) 3 (D) 3 4/5 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -An equivalent fraction of two-thirds (2/3) is sixteen twenty-fourths (16/24). Concept note-2: -2/3 is equivalent to the fractions 2/6, 3/9, 4/12, 5/15, and 6/18. These fractions are all equal to each other because they have the same numera- tor (top number) and denominator (bottom number). Concept note-3: -So, no further simplest form of 2:3 is possible. Was this answer helpful? Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] This type of assessment can be used to motivate students (A) formative assessment (B) summative assessment (C) ** both formative and summative assessment (D) students are already super motivated EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Generally, instructors seek to incorporate both formative and summative assessments in their evaluation as they can be combined in effective ways. Concept note-2: -In a nutshell, formative assessments are quizzes and tests that evaluate how someone is learning material throughout a course. Summative as- sessments are quizzes and tests that evaluate how much someone has learned throughout a course. Concept note-3: -The goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. More specifically, formative assessments: help students identify their strengths and weaknesses and target areas that need work. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is the function of the modal verb “may” in this sentence?"When you’ve finish the test, you may quietly leave the room.” (A) ** permission (B) impossibility (C) possibility EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -"May” is a modal verb most commonly used to express possibility. It can also be used to give or request permission, although this usage is be- coming less common. Concept note-2: -Modal verbs show possibility, intent, ability, or necessity. Because they’re a type of auxiliary verb (helper verb), they’re used together with the main verb of the sentence. Concept note-3: -Can, could, may, might. The most common modal verbs to talk about permission are can, could, may and might. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Admission to the theater is $7.00 and each box of candy is $3.50. If you have $20 to spend, how many boxes of candy can you purchase? (A) 2 (B) ** 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A story’s main theme might be difficult to figure out because: (A) Authors rarely want the reader to figure it out (B) It has little to do with plot, characters, and other story elements (C) Only complicated, adult stories have themes (D) ** It is rarely stated explicitly EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Readers sometime have difficulty expressing their ideas of what the theme of a story could be. One reason for this is because understanding a story’s theme requires interpretation on the part of a reader. Another reason may be the fact that a story might have more than one message. Concept note-2: -Theme is the main or central idea in a literary work. It is the unifying element of a story. A theme is not a summary of characters or events. Rather, it is the controlling idea or central insight of the story. Concept note-3: -Theme and moral are overlapping concepts with minor differences. Theme is the central idea of a text that is implied by the author several times in a book or a story while moral is the message or the lesson that the author wants readers to get from the story. Concept note-4: -themes are designed to teach morals. a moral is one kind of theme. a theme is made up of repeated morals. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] It creates numbered or alphabetical list. (A) Bulleted List (B) Line Spacing (C) ** Numbered List (D) Multilevel List EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -To start a numbered list, type 1, a period (.), a space, and some text. Word will automatically start a numbered list for you. Type* and a space be- fore your text, and Word will make a bulleted list. To complete your list, press Enter until the bullets or numbering switch off. Concept note-2: -In HTML, we can create an ordered list using the <ol> tag. The ol in the tag stands for an ordered list. Inside each of the ordered list elements <ol> and <ol />, we have to define the list items. We can define the list items using the <li> tag. Concept note-3: -<ol>: The Ordered List element. The <ol> HTML element represents an ordered list of items-typically rendered as a numbered list. Concept note-4: -Bullet or numbered lists, also known as unordered and ordered lists, can make writing easy to read; however, be careful not to overuse them, as lists that are too long, or multiple lists on one page, can be difficult to read. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is central idea? (A) ** It is the point the author most wants the readers to learn or know about the text. (B) It is the message the author is trying to say that a reader takes away from the text. (C) It tells us what the story is mostly about. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The main idea of a paragraph is the primary point or concept that the author wants to communicate to the readers about the topic. Hence, in a paragraph, when the main idea is stated directly, it is expressed in what is called the topic sentence. Concept note-2: -The central idea is the central, unifying element of the story, which ties together all of the other elements of fiction used by the author to tell the story. The central idea can be best described as the dominant impression or the universal, generic truth found in the story. Concept note-3: -CENTRAL IDEA refers to what the text is mainly about. Central idea is NOT the topic of the text. Central idea can most often be stated in one sentence. Concept note-4: -Central idea is the main point the author wants you to remember and theme is the moral or lesson you learn from the story. The central idea tells the lesson or moral of the text. The theme is the main topic or focus of the text. Concept note-5: -The term theme can be defined as the underlying meaning of a story. It is the message the writer is trying to convey through the story. Often the theme of a story is a broad message about life. The theme of a story is important because a story’s theme is part of the reason why the author wrote the sto- ry. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Serenagoes to the supermarket. She has three quarters and a dime. She buys a bag ofchips for 81 cents. How much change does Serena give? (A) $55 (B) ** $20 (C) $35 (D) $60 Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] It shows that the nth root of the mth root of a number is equal to the nth root of the number. (A) n ab = n a n b (B) ** n m p = nm p (C) n p q = n p n q (D) n an = a 1 n n EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -In mathematics, an nth root of a number x is a number r which, when raised to the power n, yields x: where n is a positive integer, sometimes called the degree of the root. A root of degree 2 is called a square root and a root of degree 3, a cube root. Concept note-2: -The principal nth root of a is written as n√a, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. In the radical expression, n is called the in- dex of the radical. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] In nuclear fusion, smaller atoms are forced together to create larger atoms. Does this process release, absorb or maintain energy? (A) Absorb energy (B) Maintain energy (C) ** Release energy EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -In a fusion reaction, two light nuclei merge to form a single heavier nucleus. The process releases energy because the total mass of the result- ing single nucleus is less than the mass of the two original nuclei. The leftover mass becomes energy. Concept note-2: -In nuclear fission, atoms are split apart, which releases energy. All nuclear power plants use nuclear fission, and most nuclear power plants use uranium atoms. During nuclear fission, a neutron collides with a uranium atom and splits it, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of heat and radiation. Concept note-3: -Nuclear fusion is the process by which two light atomic nuclei combine to form a single heavier one while releasing massive amounts of energy. Concept note-4: -Although the fusion of small atoms gives off a lot of energy, initiating this process requires a significant amount of energy. This energy is needed to overcome the Coulomb repulsion that exists between the protons the two different nuclei. Concept note-5: -Since energy released per mass is more in fusion as compared to fission, more energy is released in it. More number of neutrons are released in fission as compared to fusion and hence, more nucleons take part in fission. Was this answer helpful? Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] For this unit, you want to allow students the ability to self-assess their learning and set goals. A ____ would be the best tool. (A) ** formative assessment (B) summative assessment EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Checklists, rubrics, and structures for reflection are all tools that can help students with self-assessment. A checklist spells out what needs to be included in a piece of work. Concept note-2: -There are three types of assessment: diagnostic, formative, and summative. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The weight of an object on Earth is directly proportional to the weight of that same object on the moon. An astronaut whose earth weight is 200 pounds would weigh 32 pounds on the moon. How about a 50-pound monkey? (A) 5 pounds (B) ** 8 pounds (C) 10 pounds (D) 12 pounds EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -As a result, the gravitational attraction on the moon is about one sixth when compared to that on the earth. Hence, the weight of an object on the moon is 16 th of the weight on the earth. Concept note-2: -A person weighs 200 pounds on earth weighs about 32 pounds on the moon. Concept note-3: -Weight is a consequence of the universal law of gravitation: any two objects, because of their masses, attract each other with a force that is di- rectly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Concept note-4: -AI Recommended Answer: The weight of the person on Earth would be 225 pounds on the moon. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] How many solutions will the following equation have? 2x + 10 = 2 (x + 5) (A) One solution (B) No solution (C) ** Infinitely many solutions (D) Cannot be determined EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Conditions for Infinite Solution The system of an equation has infinitely many solutions when the lines are coincident, and they have the same y-intercept. If the two lines have the same y-intercept and the slope, they are actually in the same exact line. Concept note-2: -Therefore, there is only 1 possible solution of the equation 2x + 3y = 5. Concept note-3: -1 Answer. Hence, we can conclude that the given system of equation has infinity many solutions. Concept note-4: -1 Expert Answer Since we found only one value for z, this equation has one solution. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] This refers to an apparatus used in rhythmic gymnastics made of either rubberor synthetic material. (A) ** Ball (B) Hoop (C) Clubs (D) Ribbon EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The ball is an apparatus used in rhythmic gymnastics. It is made of either rubber or synthetic material (pliable plastic) provided it possesses the same elasticity as rubber. It is 18 to 20 centimetres (7.1 to 7.9 in) in diameter and must have a minimum weight of 400 grams (14 oz). Concept note-2: -In rhythmic gymnastics, there are five apparatus used for individual competition: rope, hoop, ball, clubs, and ribbon. Concept note-3: -The ball is made with rubber or a synthetic material, and is roughly around 0.2metres in diameter. Gymnasts perform throws, as well as tricks such as bouncing and rolling the ball. Resembling bowling pins, the clubs are of equal length, typically about 0.4 to 0.5metres long. Concept note-4: -Rope. The rope may be made of hemp or a synthetic material that retains the qualities of lightness and suppleness. Its length is in proportion to the height of the gymnast. Concept note-5: -Clubs are thrown from alternate hands; each passes underneath the other clubs and is caught in the opposite hand to the one from which it was thrown. At its simplest, each club rotates once per throw, the handle moving down and away from the throwing hand at first. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] y varies inversely as x such that when x=12, y=9. Find y when x=27. (A) 3 (B) ** 4 (C) 9 (D) 18 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -First we have the equation 9=k/12. Then we solve for k which is the constant of the variation and that is 108. Next, we solve for y by using the equation y=108/27. Hence, the value for y is 4. Concept note-2: -When y varies inversely as x, y=kx, where k is some constant. By substituting y=−4 and x=16 we find that −4=k16 . Multiplying both sides by 16 gives k=−64 . Therefore, the answer is y=−64x . Concept note-3: -What is the inverse variation formula? The inverse variation is represented by x = k/y or xy = k. Concept note-4: -The main idea in inverse variation is that as one variable increases the other variable decreases, which means that if x is increasing y is decreas- ing, and if x is decreasing y is increasing. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Opens communication and focuses on growth, not grades (A) ** Formative (B) Summative EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -It is an observation that is written in a form of story to provide information regarding a student’s character development over the period. Hence, Term-end assessment is not a formative assessment. Concept note-2: -But what do these terms actually mean? In a nutshell, formative assessments are quizzes and tests that evaluate how someone is learning mate- rial throughout a course. Summative assessments are quizzes and tests that evaluate how much someone has learned throughout a course. Concept note-3: -Formative assessments differ from summative assessments in that formatives are used to better understand how the learning experience is progressing while summatives are used to track the learner’s progress at the end of a lesson. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] You saw your classmate throwing her trash on the street, what will you do? (A) You will just ignore it. (B) ** You will pick the trash and throw it to the trash can and you will tell your classmate not to do that again. (C) You will shout at your classmate and tell her it’s bad. (D) You will throw your trash on the street too. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -1 What do you do when you see rubbish on the street? Pick it up. If I can find a garbage can or recycling bin, I’ll take it there. If I can’t, I’ll carry it with me until I can dispose of it at my house. Concept note-2: -Recycle! Recycle! Talk to your family and friends about recycling to reduce the amount of litter you throw away. At home, make sure garbage and recycling bags are tied securely so that loose papers and other items can’t fall out and become litter. Educate children about the importance of disposing of trash properly. Concept note-3: -Undoubtedly, when you want to stop someone dumping litter on your property, report the illegal dumping of waste or garbage to the police immediately. The police will come to investigate the event and fine the person who did trash/waste dump. Bump: You can also contact your local Health Depart- ment or call 311 for help. Concept note-4: -The correct answer to this question is paper, plastic, and other non-recyclable items should be reduced or replaced. Explanation: Given-A per- son you see throwing garbage. To Find-Write any three suggestions about a person you see throwing garbage every where? Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] x 6 + 34 (A) 145 (B) 30 (C) 286 (D) ** 46 Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] When you are preparing students for summative assessment, Jalen believes the teacher should do which of the following? (A) Do not prepare students. (B) Let them fail. (C) ** Provide a review before the assessment. (D) Run a marathon. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Suggestions for preparing students for assessments This includes communicating which learning aims will be tested and to what standards. Use formative assessments to provide practice with feedback for summative and high stakes assessments. Use rubrics whenever possible and provide them in ad- vance. Concept note-2: -The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Summative assessments are often high stakes, which means that they have a high point value. Examples of summative assessments include: a midterm exam. Concept note-3: -Formative assessment refers to assessments that provide information to students and teachers that is used to improve teaching and learning. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] x (6x ____ )=60 What is the missing number? (A) 4 (B) 7 (C) 12 (D) ** 5 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Missing numbers are the numbers that have been missed in the given series of a number with similar differences among them. The method of writing the missing numbers is stated as finding similar changes between those numbers and filling the missing terms in the specific series and places. Concept note-2: -Q2) Here are two different factor trees for 60. Write the missing numbers. hence, the missing numbers are 3, 2. hence, the missing numbers are 5, 2, 3. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Where was the Indus Valley Civilization located? (A) North India (B) ** South Asia (C) East Africa (D) West America EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -It was located in modern-day India and Pakistan and covered an area as large as Western Europe. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were the two great cities of the Indus Valley Civilization, emerging around 2600 BCE along the Indus River Valley in the Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Concept note-2: -The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation or the Harappan Civilisation was a Bronze Age civilisation in the north- western regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. Concept note-3: -The civilization was first identified in 1921 at Harappa in the Punjab region and then in 1922 at Mohenjo-daro (Mohenjodaro), near the Indus River in the Sindh (Sind) region. Both sites are in present-day Pakistan, in Punjab and Sindh provinces, respectively. Concept note-4: -More than 4, 000 years ago, the Harappa culture thrived in the Indus River Valley of what is now modern Pakistan and northwestern India, where they built sophisticated cities, invented sewage systems that predated ancient Rome’s, and engaged in long-distance trade with settlements in Me- sopotamia. Concept note-5: -The Indus Valley Civilization in what is now northeast Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northwest India was an early cradle of civilization (alongside Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt), and the region is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] All of the x-values can be called what? (A) ** Input (B) Range (C) Dependent Variable (D) Function EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -So all the X values are in for inputs are called as domain. Concept note-2: -The variable x is called the independent variable (also sometimes called the argument of the function), and the variable y is called dependent variable (also sometimes called the image of the function.) Concept note-3: -For a function, the input is called the independent variable, and the output is called the dependent variable . This is because the output de- pends on the input. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What are the products when calcium reacts with nitric acid? (A) Calcium oxide and carbon dioxide (B) Calcium chloride and hydrogen (C) ** Calcium nitrate and hydrogen EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -CaCO 3 ( s ) ( Calcium carbonate ) + 2 HNO 3 ( aq ) ( Nitric acid ) → Ca ( NO 3 ) 2 ( aq ) ( Calcium nitrate ) + CO 2 ( g ) ( Carbon dioxide ) + H 2 O ( l ) ( Water ) Concept note-2: -The compound calcium oxide reacts with nitric acid to give calcium nitrate and water. Concept note-3: -Calcium oxide reacts with nitric acid (HNO 3) to form aqueous calcium nitrate and water. Concept note-4: -It has been postulated that the reaction of nitric acid with calcium carbonate, namely, CaCO3(s) + 2HNO3(g) → Ca(NO3)2(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(g), plays an important role in the atmosphere. Concept note-5: -Calcium hydroxide react with nitric acid to produce calcium nitrate and water. The balanced chemical equation is: Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] This is the side opposite the right angle in a right angled triangle. It is also the longest side of the right angled trianlge (A) Converse (B) ** Hypotenuse (C) Leg (of a triangle) (D) Sum EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The hypotenuse of a right triangle is always the side opposite the right angle. It is the longest side in a right triangle. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which two planets do not have moons? (A) Earth and Mars (B) Jupiter and Saturn (C) ** Mercury and Venus (D) Mercury and Mars EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Of the terrestrial (rocky) planets of the inner solar system, neither Mercury nor Venus have any moons at all, Earth has one and Mars has its two small moons. In the outer solar system, the gas giants Jupiter and Saturn and the ice giants Uranus and Neptune have dozens of moons. Concept note-2: -Most likely because they are too close to the Sun. Any moon with too great a distance from these planets would be in an unstable orbit and be captured by the Sun. If they were too close to these planets they would be destroyed by tidal gravitational forces. Concept note-3: -Mercury and Venus Neither of them has a moon. Because Mercury is so close to the Sun and its gravity, it wouldn’t be able to hold on to its own moon. Any moon would most likely crash into Mercury or maybe go into orbit around the Sun and eventually get pulled into it. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which output device that we should use to hear the sound from our computer? (A) ** Headphone (B) Monitor (C) Printer (D) Projector EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Computer speakers are output device that works the same way as a headphone. They make our entertainment experience easier. We can watch movies, listen to music, recordings, or any audio with help of speakers. They can be used instead of headphones when multiple people want to listen to the audio. Concept note-2: -Sometimes called earphones, headphones are a hardware output device that plug into a computer line out or speakers port. Concept note-3: -Speakers are the most common auditory output devices. Some computers have inbuilt speakers, but they’re often small, and so they lose sound quality. Speakers can be connected through cables that plug directly into the computer. More often now, speakers can be connected wirelessly, using Bluetooth. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Complete the following sequence:11, 9, 7, 5, 3, 1, ____, ____ (A) 0, -2 (B) -1, -2 (C) 0, -1 (D) ** -1, -3 Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What type of blood spatter is typically created from being hit by a baseball bat? (A) ** Medium Velocity (B) High Velocity (C) Void (D) Low Velocity EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A medium velocity spatter is a result of a force anywhere from five to a hundred feet per second . This type of splatter can be caused by a blunt force such as a baseball bat or an intense beating. This type of spatter is usually no more than four millimeters. This type of spatter can also be a result of a stab- bing. Concept note-2: -“High velocity” A bloodstain pattern resulting from an object impacting a blood source at 100 feet per second or greater. A typical example is spatter resulting from a gunshot. Concept note-3: -High Velocity Impact Spatter (HVIS)-A bloodstain pattern caused by a high velocity impactto a blood source such as that produced by gunshot or high-speed machinery. Concept note-4: -The three categories are low-velocity impact blood spatter, medium velocity impact blood spatter and high-velocity impact blood spatter. Th- ese classifications were constructed on the theory that the size of the stain is inversely proportional to the force applied. Concept note-5: -A bloodstain pattern that results when blood moving slowly ( 1.5 metres per second or less) strikes a surface. Blood dripping from a nosebleed onto the floor creates a low velocity impact spatter. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Ongoing and flexible evaluation which is incorporated into the lesson (A) ** Formative (B) Summative EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. Concept note-2: -Formative assessment is a planned, ongoing process used by all students and teachers during learning and teaching to elicit and use evidence of student learning to improve student understanding of intended disciplinary learning outcomes and support students to become self-directed learners. Concept note-3: -assessment is a continuous or on-going process that the teacher uses to find out which children need more instructions, as well as which chil- dren master the new concepts and are ready for more advanced instructions. Concept note-4: -Formative assessment may take a variety of forms, such as informal questions, practice quizzes, one-minute papers, and clearest/muddiest point exercises. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Suppose x varies directly y3 as and inversely as Z2 . If y is halved and z is doubled, what happens to x? (A) 1 2 as large (B) 1 8 as large (C) 1 16 as large (D) ** 1 32 as large EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Therefore, the required expression is y = ( k × x ) / z2, where k is the constant of proportionality. Concept note-2: -y = c 1/x. Intuitively this means that if x doubles then y is reduced by 1/2 and if x triples then y is reduced by 1/3. For example if you are going on a 200 mile drive then the time it takes, y, is inversely proportional to your average speed, x. y = 200 1/x. Concept note-3: -Summary: Suppose that y varies directly with x and inversely with z, y = 18 when x = 15 and z = 5. The equation that models the relationship is y = 6x/z. The value y when x = 21 and z = 7 is 18. Concept note-4: -What is the inverse variation formula? The inverse variation is represented by x = k/y or xy = k. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The reactivity of alklai metals increasing going down the group.What is the reason for this? (A) ** the further an electron is from the positive nucleus, the easier it can be lost in reaction (B) the attraction between the nucleus and the last electron gets stronger (C) these react by losing electrons and reactivity increases as you go up the group. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The reactivity of Group 1 elements increases as you go down the group because: the atoms get larger. the outer electron gets further from the nucleus. the attraction between the nucleus and outer electron gets weaker – so the electron is more easily lost. Concept note-2: -The reactivity of the alkali metals, Column 1 on the periodic table, increases as you move down the family. Since the effective nuclear charge within a family is essentially the same, the reactivity increases because of increasing size of the atoms. A size increase occurs because of one additional energy level per row. Concept note-3: -Electropositivity increases down the group of alkali metals, thus the reactivity increases down the group of alkali metals. The reactivity of halo- gens is due to their electronegativity. Electronegativity decreases down the group, thus reactivity of halogens decreases down the group. Concept note-4: -Reactivity increases down the group. This is because the outer electron in each atom is further away from the nucleus as you go down the group and so the electrostatic forces between the nucleus and the outer electron are weaker. This means electrons are more easily given up in a reaction. Concept note-5: -In alkali metals the reactivity increases but in the halogens it decreases with increase in atomic number down the group. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following is evidence to support the idea that two different species might have a common ancestor? (A) Their methods of respiration are alike (B) They use the same means of locomotion (C) Their fossils were discovered in the same location (D) ** Many of their genes are the same. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Homologous structures provide evidence for common ancestry, while analogous structures show that similar selective pressures can produce similar adaptations (beneficial features). Similarities and differences among biological molecules (e.g., in the DNA sequence of genes) can be used to determine species’ relatedness. Concept note-2: -Comparing DNA Today, scientists can compare their DNA. Similar DNA sequences are the strongest evidence for evolution from a common an- cestor. Concept note-3: -what statement could be used as evidence to show that two different species of organisms most likely developed from a single, common ances- tor? fossil evidence indicated that many species have existed relatively brief periods of time have have become extinct. Concept note-4: -what are two types of evidence that suggest that evolution has occurred? fossil evidence and molecular evidence. how do fossils provide evi- dence that evolution has taken place? they show that organisms have changed over time. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] ____ assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. (A) ** Summative (B) Formative EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Summative assessments are often high stakes, which means that they have a high point value. Concept note-2: -Summative Assessment This takes place at the end of a large chunk of learning, with the results being primarily for the teacher’s or school’s use. Concept note-3: -What Is the Difference Between Formative and Summative Assessment? If formative assessment measures how a student is learning during a course of study, summative assessment is designed to measure “how much” a student has learned after a unit or course has reached its completion. Concept note-4: -Summative assessments are used to evaluate student learning, skill acquisition, and academic achievement at the conclusion of a defined in- structional period-typically at the end of a project, unit, course, semester, program, or school year. Concept note-5: -Ipsative assessment It measures the performance of a student against previous performances from that student. With this method you’re try- ing to improve yourself by comparing previous results. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A perfect square is when a whole number is multiplied by itself? (A) FALSE (B) ** TRUE EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Informally: When you multiply an integer (a “whole” number, positive, negative or zero) times itself, the resulting product is called a square num- ber, or a perfect square or simply “a square.” So, 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, and so on, are all square numbers. Concept note-2: -A number is a perfect square or a square number if its square root is an integer, which means it is an integer’s product with itself. Concept note-3: -Multiplying a number by itself means squaring the number. The first four square numbers are one, four, nine, and 16. This is because one squared or one multiplied by one is one, two squared is four, three squared is nine, and four squared is 16. Concept note-4: -Not all even numbers are perfect squares. In fact, many perfect squares are odd numbers. The first ten perfect squares are 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, and 100. Concept note-5: -So we can say, Yes, the product of two perfect squares is always a perfect square. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which takes more force to catch, a bowling ball or a ping pong ball? Assume both are brought to a stop in 1 second. (A) ** bowling ball because it has more momentum (B) ping pong ball because it has more momentum (C) both require the same amount of force when catching (D) bowling ball because it has less momentum EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -If a bowling ball and a ping-pong ball are each moving with a velocity of 5 mph, you intuitively understand that it will require more effort to stop the bowling ball than the ping pong ball because of the greater mass of the bowling ball. Concept note-2: -[a] The final momentum of the bowling ball is twice the initial momentum of the Ping-Pong ball. Concept note-3: -Alternative Solution: Both the initial momentum and the force acting on the two objects are equal. Therefore the initial velocity and the acceler- ation of the ping-pong ball isgreater than the bowling ball by the ratio of the bowling ball mass to the ping-pong ball mass. hence the ping-pong has the greater displacement. Concept note-4: -A massive and fast moving bowling ball must have a large momentum while a light and slow moving tennis ball must have a small momentum. However, a fast tennis ball may have the same momentum as a slow rolling bowling ball due to its high velocity (Fig. 1-3). Concept note-5: -A bowling ball has more mass than a table-‐ tennis ball, so the bowling ball has a greater inertia. Newton’s first law of motion states that the mo- tion of an object changes only if an unbalanced force acts on the object. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is revolution? (A) The force of attraction that moves objects toward its center. (B) ** The orbital path of an object around another object. (C) The imaginary line that an object spins on. (D) When a celestial body (object in space) is blocked (or partially covered) by another object in space. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -"Revolution” refers the object’s orbital motion around another object. For example, Earth rotates on its own axis, producing the 24-hour day. Earth revolves about the Sun, producing the 365-day year. A satellite revolves around a planet. Concept note-2: -An orbit is the curved path that an object in space (such as a star, planet, moon, asteroid or spacecraft) takes around another object due to grav- ity. Concept note-3: -What are Revolutions and Orbits? An orbit is a regular, curved path that one object in space takes around another one. The Earth takes 365.25 days to complete one revolution (completion of an orbit). Concept note-4: -orbits; orbiting; orbited Orbit comes from the Latin orbita, “course, ” or “track.” The verb orbit is the act of revolving around another object, usu- ally on a circular or elliptical course. Many planets, moons, stars, meteors spacecraft and other objects in outer space orbit around each other. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Where can the water table be found? (A) ** at the top of the saturated zone (B) between layers of impermeable rock (C) in the unsaturated zone (D) below layers of clay soil EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The saturated zone, a zone in which all the pores and rock fractures are filled with water, underlies the unsaturated zone. The top of the satu- rated zone is called the water table (Diagram 1). The water table may be just below or hundreds of feet below the land surface. Concept note-2: -The upper surface of this zone of saturation is called the water table. The saturated zone beneath the water table is called an aquifer, and aquifers are huge storehouses of water. What you are looking at in this picture is a “well” that exposes the water table, with an aquifer beneath it. Concept note-3: -The area where water fills the aquifer is called the saturated zone (or saturation zone). The top of this zone is called the water table. The water table may be located only a foot below the ground’s surface or it can sit hundreds of feet down. Concept note-4: -Groundwater exists and flows within the small spaces between soil particles and fractured rock. The area where water fills these spaces is called the saturated zone. The top of the saturated zone (called the water table) may be only a foot below the ground’s surface, or it may be hundreds of feet down. Concept note-5: -The water table sits on top of what experts call the zone of saturation, or phreatic zone. The area above the water table is called the vadose zone. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Select the tip that can NOT be applied in the summative assessment. (A) ** Make a lesson plan. (B) Provide clear instructions. (C) Depth of knowledge. (D) Give enough test time. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Summative assessments are often high stakes, which means that they have a high point value. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The generous ____ always blessed. (A) is (B) ** are EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -9 The generous will themselves be blessed, for they share their food with the poor. Concept note-2: -The apostle Paul quotes Jesus as saying, “It is more blessed to give than to receive (Acts 20:35).” Jesus is saying that when we give – whether it is time, energy, service, encouragement, resource, or whatever – there is an even greater blessing than when we are on the receiving end. Concept note-3: -“Generosity is giving more than you can, and pride is taking less than you need.” “You have not lived today until you have done something for someone who can never repay you.” “A kind gesture can reach a wound that only compassion can heal.” Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] All of the y-values or outputs can be called what? (A) Domain (B) ** Range (C) Relation (D) Function EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The range is the set of outputs of y-coordinates. When both the independent quantity (input) and the dependent quantity (output) are real num- bers, a function can be represented by a graph in the coordinate plane. Concept note-2: -The definition of range is the set of all possible values that the function will give when we give in the domain as input. Concept note-3: -The range of a function is the set of values that the function assumes. This set is the values that the function shoots out after we plug an x value in. They are the y values. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which layer would groundwater, or aquifer, likely be found? (A) layer of loose soil (B) layer of sand (C) ** layer of gravel (D) layer of hard clay (E) layer of solid rock EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Confined aquifers have a layer of impenetrable rock or clay above them, while unconfined aquifers lie below a permeable layer of soil. Many dif- ferent types of sediments and rocks can form aquifers, including gravel, sandstone, conglomerates, and fractured limestone. Concept note-2: -Groundwater is found in two zones. The unsaturated zone, immediately below the land surface, contains water and air in the open spaces, or pores. The saturated zone, a zone in which all the pores and rock fractures are filled with water, underlies the unsaturated zone. Concept note-3: -The upper surface of this water-filled area, or “zone of saturation", is called the water table. The saturated area beneath the water table is called an aquifer, and aquifers are huge storehouses of water. Concept note-4: -Major sand and gravel aquifers are generally Quaternary deposits found within pre-glacial bedrock valleys or along modern streams and rivers. They are commonly separated from shallower aquifers by layers of less permeable till or fine-grained lacustrine deposits. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A plateau is a plain land. (A) True (B) ** False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A plateau is a flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side. Concept note-2: -Plateaus are flat, raised areas of land made up of nearly horizontal rocks that have been uplifted by forces within Earth. They are different from plains in that their edges rise steeply from the land around them. Concept note-3: -A plateau, also called a high plain or a tableland, is an area of a highland, usually consisting of relatively flat terrain, that is raised significantly above the surrounding area, often with one or more sides with deep hills. Concept note-4: -A plain is a broad area of relatively flat land. Plains are one of the major landforms, or types of land, on Earth. They cover more than one-third of the world’s land area. Concept note-5: -A plateau is an elevated flatland. It is a flat-topped table land standing above the surrounding area. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following conditional statements expresses general truth? (A) ** Zero Conditional (B) First Conditional (C) Second Conditional EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -In zero conditional sentences, you can replace “if” with “when", because both express general truths. Concept note-2: -Zero conditional sentences express general truths-situations in which one thing always causes another. When you use a zero conditional, you’re talking about a general truth rather than a specific instance of something. Concept note-3: -The zero conditional form is used to express a fact that is always true when something else happens. For example, the sentence “If water reaches 100 degrees Celsius, it boils.” expresses the fact that water always boils whenever it reaches 100 degrees Celsius. Concept note-4: -The Zero Conditional If you heat water to 100°, it boils. If you eat a lot, you put on weight. If it doesn’t rain for a long time, the earth gets very dry. If we go out with friends, we normally go to a restaurant. Concept note-5: -It is composed of the if clause and the result. Use the zero conditional when the result always happens. For instance, when we heat ice, it always boils. It’s a scientific fact. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of ____ (A) ** neutrons (B) electrons (C) atoms EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Isotopes are members of a family of an element that all have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. The number of protons in a nucleus determines the element’s atomic number on the Periodic Table. For example, carbon has six protons and is atomic number 6. Concept note-2: -The number of protons in all the atoms of a particular element is same, therefore to have different mass numbers, isotopes contain different number of neutrons. Concept note-3: -Nuclei with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons are called isobars. Concept note-4: -Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. The number of existing protons and elec- trons in a neutral atom of an element is equal. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] When Mr. Frank visits the warehouse in November 1945, what important world event is going on between those two dates? (A) ** World War II (B) World War I (C) Vietnam War EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Frank visits the warehouse in November 1945. Anne’s diary begins in July 1942. What important world event happened between those two dates. The Berlin wall came down. Concept note-2: -In the opening scene, why is Mr. Frank visiting the warehouse rooms with Miep? He is looking for his daughter’s diary. Concept note-3: -When news of the invasion of Normandy arrives, everyone is thrilled. Why do they feel that way? It means that new forces have arrived to fight the Germans and the war might end soon. Concept note-4: -The war in Europe ended in May 1945, but many who survived the camps did not return until the fall. What effect has the war had on Mr. Frank? He was very depressed because he lost his family and he was tired, weak, and moving slowly. Concept note-5: -Life in the confined quarters of the “Secret Annexe” had made Mr. Düssel rather difficult, and Anne describes him with great severity in her di- ary. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Results from this type of assessment can lead to modifications in instruction (A) formative assessment (B) summative assessment (C) ** both formative and summative assessment EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Generally, instructors seek to incorporate both formative and summative assessments in their evaluation as they can be combined in effective ways. Concept note-2: -Formative assessments have low stakes and usually carry no grade, which in some instances may discourage the students from doing the task or fully engaging with it. The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some stan- dard or benchmark. Concept note-3: -With formative assessments you try to figure out whether a student’s doing well or needs help by monitoring the learning process. When you use summative assessments, you assign grades. The grades tell you whether the student achieved the learning goal or not. Concept note-4: -Formative assessments differ from summative assessments in that formatives are used to better understand how the learning experience is progressing while summatives are used to track the learner’s progress at the end of a lesson. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A trapezoid has an area of 166.5 in2, height 9 in, and one base 15 in. What is the length of the other base?A = 1/2h(b1 + b2) (A) 3.5 in (B) 7 in (C) 18.5 in (D) ** 22 in EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Area of a trapezoid is found with the formula, A=(a+b)/2 x h. Learn how to use the formula to find area of trapezoids. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following is the negative functional group in an amino acid? (A) Carbonyl Group (B) ** Carboxyl Group (C) Amino Group (D) Phosphate Group EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -This carboxyl group ionizes to release hydrogen ions (H+) from the-COOH group resulting in the negatively charged-COO– group; this contrib- utes to the hydrophilic nature of whatever molecule it is found on. Concept note-2: -A carboxyl group is made up of one carbon (C) and two oxygen (O) atoms. That carboxyl group has a negative charge, since it is a carboxylic acid (-COOH) that has lost its hydrogen (H) atom. Concept note-3: -Phosphate groups also contain a negative charge and can participate in ionic bonds. Phosphate groups are common in nucleic acids and on phos- pholipids (the term “phospho” referring to the phosphate group on the lipid). Concept note-4: -These are aspartic acid or aspartate (Asp) and glutamic acid or glutamate (Glu). Their side chains have carboxylic acid groups whose pKa’s are low enough to lose protons, becoming negatively charged in the process. Concept note-5: -Carboxyl groups are a combination of two functional groups attached to a single carbon atom, namely, hydroxyl (single-bonded OH) and car- bonyl (double bonded O) groups. The carboxyl (COOH) group is so-named because of the carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group. They include carboxylic acids and amino acids. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The elephants ____ proudly before the cheering kids. (A) ** march (B) marches Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] True or False:When a problem has parentheses, I should always do the numbers inside of the parentheses last. (A) True (B) ** False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Parentheses will contain numbers that require an operation to be done first. The operation within the parentheses can be a simple one-step op- eration or it could be a multi-step operation. Concept note-2: -First, we solve any operations inside of parentheses or brackets. Second, we solve any exponents. Third, we solve all multiplication and division from left to right. Concept note-3: -Multiplying Expressions: Parentheses can be used in place of multiplication symbols. Numbers or expressions enclosed in parentheses next to each other, without any operation sign between them, will be multiplied together. Concept note-4: -Parentheses are used in mathematical expressions to denote modifications to normal order of operations (precedence rules). In an expression like, the part of the expression within the parentheses, , is evaluated first, and then this result is used in the rest of the expression. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is the complete subject?The crying baby was hungry. (A) The crying (B) baby (C) ** The crying baby (D) was hungry. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -In the given sentence, “crying” is a gerund which acts as a subject complement to the noun in the subject “baby", hence option C is correct. Concept note-2: -A simple sentence must also begin with a capital letter and end with a period, question mark, or exclamation mark. Another name for a simple sentence is an independent clause. The baby cried. This is a sentence because it tells us what someone (subject – the baby) does (verb – cried). Concept note-3: -’Cry’ is correct as it is the base form of the verb and the non-3rd person singular present form. Concept note-4: -Typical context: The baby is hungry. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which two layers have convection currents? (A) lower mantle and outer core (B) asthenosphere and lower mantle (C) outer core and inner core (D) ** asthenosphere and outer core EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The two layers of the Earth that are involved in forming convection currents are the mantle and the outer core. Concept note-2: -Mantle convection describes the movement of the mantle as it transfers heat from the white-hot core to the brittle lithosphere. The mantle is heated from below, cooled from above, and its overall temperature decreases over long periods of time. Concept note-3: -The plates move on a hot flowing mantle layer called the asthenosphere, which is several hundred kilometers thick. Heat within the astheno- sphere creates convection currents (similar to the currents that can be seen in the lava lamp). Concept note-4: -Surface heating produces convection currents in the troposphere. As the Sun’s rays warms the Earth’s surface, the air near surface absorbs heat and rises, creating convection currents. As the air rises in the troposphere, it cools, becomes denser, and sinks back toward the surface. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] All matter is made of what? (A) energy (B) ** atoms (C) electrons EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -All matter is made up of substances called elements, which have specific chemical and physical properties and cannot be broken down into other substances through ordinary chemical reactions. Gold, for instance, is an element, and so is carbon. There are 118 elements, but only 92 occur naturally. Concept note-2: -An atom consists of a central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is positively charged and con- tains one or more relatively heavy particles known as protons and neutrons. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter. Concept note-3: -Hence, the given statement is true. Q. All matter is made up of tiny particles such as molecules and atoms. Concept note-4: -Dalton’s atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties. Dalton based his theory on the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition. The first part of his theory states that all matter is made of atoms, which are indivisible. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is a carbon footprint? (A) The footprint we leave on the beach when we walk on the sand. (B) ** The amount of carbon dioxide and other green house gases we are producing every day. (C) How much carbon dioxide is taken by the trees and flowers in the park. (D) The air pollution. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases (including carbon dioxide and methane) that are generated by our actions. The aver- age carbon footprint for a person in the United States is 16 tons, one of the highest rates in the world. Globally, the average carbon footprint is closer to 4 tons. Concept note-2: -The carbon footprint of a product is the total amount of carbon dioxide (and other greenhouse gases) which are emitted over the full life cycle of a product, service or event. Concept note-3: -Notes. CO2 accounts for about 76 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions. Methane, primarily from agriculture, contributes 16 percent of greenhouse gas emissions and nitrous oxide, mostly from industry and agriculture, contributes 6 percent to global emissions. All figures here are expressed in CO2-equivalents. Concept note-4: -Greenhouse gases are measured in ‘carbon dioxide-equivalents’ (CO2e). Today, we collectively emit around 50 billion tonnes of CO2e each year. Concept note-5: -When talking about climate change, footprint is a metaphor for the total impact that something has. And carbon is a shorthand for all the differ- ent greenhouse gases that contribue to global warming. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What are omnivores? (Sofi) (A) ** Organisms that eat both plants and animals. (B) Organisms that eat only candy. (C) Organisms that eat only sea animals. (D) Organisms that eat only plants. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -An omnivore is an organism that eats plants and animals. The term stems from the Latin words omnis, meaning “all or everything, ” and vorare, meaning “to devour or eat.” Omnivores play an important part of the food chain, a sequence of organisms that produce energy and nutrients for other organ- isms. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following is not a purpose of a formative assessment? (A) To inform future instructional decisions (B) A part of the instructional process (C) To get evidence as to whether learning took place (D) ** To punish students who didn’t learn material EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Hence term-end examinations are not a part of Formative assessment. Concept note-2: -The goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. Concept note-3: -Note: It is not necessary to report in every quarter of report card. Hence, it becomes clear that formative assessment is not necessary to report in every quarter of report card. Concept note-4: -Multiple choice question (MCQ): Hence, it could be concluded that the MCQ is not considered as a tool for formative assessment. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids?? (A) Act as enzymes (B) ** Energy storing molecules (C) Structural components of animals (D) Sources of genetic information in chromosomes EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Answer and Explanation: The characteristics of lipids are that they are hydrophobic, made of hydrocarbon chains, are good stores of energy for cells, and can be saturated or unsaturated. Concept note-2: -Triglyceride is the most common lipid that is used for energy storage. Triglycerides are the main body fat constituents for vertebrates. They are tri-esters comprising a glycerol molecule that is bound to three fatty acid molecules. Concept note-3: -Lipids are used as energy storage via fatty acids. Fatty acids are composed of carboxylic acids attached to long chains of hydrocarbons. These are carbons that can range from 4 to 36 carbons. Concept note-4: -Just like the carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds in glucose allow that molecule to store energy, the bonds in fatty acids allow triglyc- erides to store energy. In fact, triglycerides can store much more energy than carbohydrates because they contain so many more bonds! Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] For hopeful professional football players, the prospect of being drafted can seem overwhelming because the odds are often against them. One way for players to stand out is to be in top physical condition. Potential football players have to be able to show coaches their power and abilities. Athletes have to show how strong and fast they are and should be able to show coaches and scouts the ways they can take advantage of their size. Opportunities for athletes to showcase their abilities include the 40-yard dash and the vertical jump. The vertical jump requires players to jump from a standing position and some top athletes can jump over 40 inches.What is the central idea of this passage? (A) It is difficult to become a professional football player. (B) The vertical jump is a challenging task that involves jumping after standing still. (C) ** Hopeful football players have to be in peak physical shape. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] ____ is used to monitor pupil learning style and ability, to provide ongoing feedback and allow educators to improve and adjust their teaching methods and for students to improve their learning. (A) ** Formative assessment (B) Summative assessment EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. More specifically, formative assessments: help students identify their strengths and weaknesses and target areas that need work. Concept note-2: -Formative assessments can be used to measure student learning on a daily, ongoing basis. These assessments reveal how and what students are learning during the course and often inform next steps in teaching and learning. Concept note-3: -Formative assessment The goal is to monitor student learning to provide feedback. It helps identifying the first gaps in your instruction. Concept note-4: -Formative assessment provides feedback and information during the instructional process, while learning is taking place, and while learning is occurring. Formative assessment measures student progress but it can also assess your own progress as an instructor. Concept note-5: -Formative evaluation is usually undertaken early in the development of the program to inform the providers and stakeholders about the trends in results, whether the goals of the program are likely to be fulfilled, and to identify the barriers and facilitators of implementation. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] How Should we as teachers prepare our students for Summative Assessment? (A) ** Teaching to the Test (B) Teaching the Test (C) Leave out topics/objectives that are not on the standardized test (D) Let test objectives define your classroom curriculum EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Suggestions for preparing students for assessments This includes communicating which learning aims will be tested and to what standards. Use formative assessments to provide practice with feedback for summative and high stakes assessments. Use rubrics whenever possible and provide them in ad- vance. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Why speaker is one of an output device? (A) ** Because speaker receive sound from the computer (B) Because speaker sending sound to the computer (C) Because speaker save the sound into the computer (D) Because speaker process the sound inside the computer EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A computer speaker is an output hardware device that connects to a computer to generate sound. The signal used to produce the sound that comes from a computer speaker is created by the computer’s sound card. Concept note-2: -An output device is a piece of hardware used to receive data from the computer and convert it into a human-perceptible form. An example of an output device is a set of speakers. They take the data from the computer and turn it into an audible sound. Concept note-3: -Speakers are transducers that convert electromagnetic waves into sound waves. The speakers receive audio input from a device such as a com- puter or an audio receiver. This input may be either in analog or digital form. Analog speakers simply amplify the analog electromagnetic waves into sound waves. Concept note-4: -Speakers are the most common auditory output devices. Some computers have inbuilt speakers, but they’re often small, and so they lose sound quality. Speakers can be connected through cables that plug directly into the computer. More often now, speakers can be connected wirelessly, using Bluetooth. Concept note-5: -A computer speaker is a piece of hardware attached to a computer system used to produce sound. The computer’s sound card has the signal used to generate the sound from a computer speaker. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What do plants need to grow? (Lara) (A) Soil, Oxygen and forests (B) Atmosphere, animals and trees. (C) ** Water, Air and Sunlight EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Plants need air, water and sunlight to grow. Concept note-2: -All plants need space to grow, the right temperature, light, water, air, nutrients, and time. Concept note-3: -The five things plants need to grow are sunlight, water, minerals, and food. Concept note-4: -Photosynthesis is what plants do to create their food, and water is critical to this process. Water enters a plant’s stem and travels up to its leaves, which is where photosynthesis actually takes place. Once in the leaves water evaporates, as the plant exchanges water for carbon dioxide. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which output device that you should have when using computer? (A) ** Monitor (B) Printer (C) Projector (D) Headphone EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Monitors, commonly called as Visual Display Unit (VDU), are the main output device of a computer. It forms images from tiny dots, called pixels that are arranged in a rectangular form. The sharpness of the image depends upon the number of pixels. There are two kinds of viewing screen used for moni- tors. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A sequence is defined by Tn+1 = 7Tn-5, with T1 = 1.Determine the first 4 terms of this sequence. (A) 1, 3, 9, 27 (B) 1, 2, 10, 52 (C) ** 1, 2, 9, 58 (D) 1, 2, 9, 59 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -This is a geometric sequence since there is a common ratio between each term. In this case, multiplying the previous term in the sequence by 12 gives the next term. Concept note-2: -The general term for the sequence 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, . . . is 2n-1. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which is a simile? (A) ** I was as red as a tomato. (B) The girl is funny. (C) I was colder yesterday because I forget a jacket. (D) The feeling of the ice made me stop suddenly. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Simile. A comparison using like or as. Example her face was as red as a tomato. Concept note-2: -It refers to something that is a simile. A full sentence example might be, “The embarrassed boy’s cheeks were as red as a tomato.” Red refers to the boy’s cheeks, or something that is as red as a tomato, not to the tomato itself. February 19, 2015. Concept note-3: -Sentence examples for red as a tomato from inspiring English sources. The whole theater was lit up, and I was as red as a tomato. Another man overheard and chastised her: “Look, Señora, you need to learn how to speak!” “I turned red as a tomato, ” she said. Concept note-4: -Grade 7 Simile Because I was embarrassed my face was as red as a ripe tomato. Concept note-5: -"Because I was embarrassed my facewas as red as a ripe tomato"-example of simile question.. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The decomposers break down dead organic matter. (A) ** True (B) False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Decomposers play a critical role in the flow of energy through an ecosystem. They break apart dead organisms into simpler inorganic materials, making nutrients available to primary producers. Concept note-2: -When plants and animals die, they become food for decomposers like bacteria, fungi and earthworms. Decomposers or saprotrophs recycle dead plants and animals into chemical nutrients like carbon and nitrogen that are released back into the soil, air and water. Concept note-3: -Bacteria/fungi secreting enzymes out of their cells into the soil or dead organism. The enzymes digest the organic material. Concept note-4: -Decomposers (fungi, bacteria, invertebrates such as worms and insects) have the ability to break down dead organisms into smaller particles and create new compounds. We use decomposers to restore the natural nutrient cycle through controlled composting. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Where was Maya Civilization located? (A) ** Mexico (B) Africa (C) America (D) Spain EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Mayan civilization occupied much of the northwestern part of the isthmus of Central America, from Chiapas and Yucatán, now part of southern Mexico, through Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, and El Salvador and into Nicaragua. Concept note-2: -The Maya civilization developed in the Maya Region, an area that today comprises southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador. Concept note-3: -The Mayan Empire was an ancient Mesoamerica culture and empire. It was centred in the tropical rainforests and valleys of modern-day Gu- atemala and reached the peak of its power during around 650 CE. They were famous for building large cities out of stone, but strangely these cities were aban- doned by 900 CE. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Why is the light from distant galaxies red-shifted? (A) They produce more red light than nearby galaxies (B) ** They are moving away from us (C) The longer wavelengths are filtered out more by dust (D) They are moving toward us EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Redshift is an example of the Doppler Effect. As an object moves away from us, the sound or light waves emitted by the object are stretched out, which makes them have a lower pitch and moves them towards the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum, where light has a longer wavelength. Concept note-2: -Red-shift and speed It is a result of the space between the Earth and the galaxies expanding. This expansion stretches out the light waves dur- ing their journey to us, shifting them towards the red end of the spectrum. The more red-shifted the light from a galaxy is, the faster the galaxy is moving away from Earth. Concept note-3: -The Doppler red-shift of light observed from distant stars and galaxies gives evidence that the universe is expanding (moving away from a cen- tral point). This allows for Big Bang Theory, because after a “bang” occurs all of the matter moves away from the point of origin. Concept note-4: -Hubble’s law explains that the reason most galaxies are moving away from one another is because the whole universe is expanding. Pick any two galaxies at random, and the chances are they’re moving away from each other. Concept note-5: -The wavelength of light emitted by an object is changed by its motion relative to an observer. An object moving away from us is ‘redshifted’ – that is, its light is shifted towards the longer wavelengths at the red end of the visible spectrum. But although the Universe is expanding, not all objects are red- shifted. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is the Greenhouse effect? (Nela) (A) When there is more land than water (B) ** A process that occurs when gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap the Sun’s heat (C) When there are a lot of green things in an area (grass, trees, bushes, etc..) (D) The photosynthesis of the plants EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The greenhouse effect is the way in which heat is trapped close to Earth’s surface by “greenhouse gases.” These heat-trapping gases can be thought of as a blanket wrapped around Earth, keeping the planet toastier than it would be without them. Concept note-2: -Greenhouse gases let the sun’s light shine onto Earth’s surface, but they trap the heat that reflects back up into the atmosphere. In this way, they act like the insulating glass walls of a greenhouse. The greenhouse effect keeps Earth’s climate comfortable. Concept note-3: -Greenhouse gases have far-ranging environmental and health effects. They cause climate change by trapping heat, and they also contribute to respiratory disease from smog and air pollution. Extreme weather, food supply disruptions, and increased wildfires are other effects of climate change caused by greenhouse gases. Concept note-4: -Some atmospheric gases absorb and re-emit infrared energy from the atmosphere down to the Earth’s surface. This process, the greenhouse effect, leads to a mean surface temperature that is 33 °C greater than it would be in its absence. Concept note-5: -The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and some is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Jeff and his 4 friends ordered pizza. They each ate 1/6 of the pizza. How much of the pizza was leftover? (A) 4/6 (B) 5/6 (C) ** 1/6 (D) 0 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A pizza has 12 slices and a serving is 1/6 of a pizza, then 12 ÷ 1/6 = 72. Concept note-2: -If a pizza has a total of 8 slices, then a fourth of a pizza is 2 slices. Since each student receives a fourth of a pizza, each student receives 2 slices. Concept note-3: -In our pizza example, we said each slice was 1/8 of the pizza. The denominator was 8, since the pizza was divided into 8 slices. Concept note-4: -While equal pizza slices seem wonderful and cost-efficient in theory, cutting them is not that easy. According to Haddley and Worsley, if you want 12 equal slices, you have to cut six pieces into a curvy star-shape from the center, and then halve those pieces. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Citizen or Not a Citizen:Marta was born in Milan, Italy but has lived in the US since six months after birth. (A) Citizen (B) ** Not a Citizen EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A. No. Italian citizenship is based on “jure sanguinis” (blood line). As a general rule, foreigners born in Italy are not automatically Italian. Concept note-2: -As from August 16, 1992, Italian citizenship is no longer lost in concomitance with the acquisition of foreign citizenship unless the Italian citi- zens formally renounces it. An Italian citizen can lose citizenship automatically or formally give it up. Concept note-3: -After five years of permanent residency, you can apply for Italian citizenship. To maintain the residence permit, you need to live in the country for at least 183 days a year. Citizenship will be approved if the applicant has spent a total of no more than 10 months abroad in the last five years before applying. Concept note-4: -You can get dual citizenship in USA and Italy if you can prove you have Italian ancestry with a demonstrable unbroken line of citizenship. Since 1992, Italy has allowed dual citizenship with the United States, and you will not need to renounce your American citizenship during the process of applying. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] During the process of photosynthesis, the plants take in oxygen from the air and let out carbon dioxide. (A) True (B) ** False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Plants, like animals, take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide during respiration. Only during photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen as a byproduct. Concept note-2: -From the above information we have found that carbon dioxide is not released during photosynthesis. Instead of it oxygen is released. Hence, the correct answer is option (B). Concept note-3: -During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while the carbon dioxide is reduced, meaning it gains electrons. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glu- cose. Concept note-4: -A new study involving ANU and international collaborators has found plants release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere through respira- tion than expected. Plants use photosynthesis to capture carbon dioxide and then release half of it into the atmosphere through respiration. Concept note-5: -During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and oxygen is released as a byproduct. Plants prepare their food from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] If y varies directly as x, then doubling x will cause y to double as well. (A) ** True (B) False (C) Cannot be determined EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -And we can determine the factor change of y by substituting 2 for the the factor change of x. So, when x is doubled, y is quadrupled. Concept note-2: -and hence z will also be doubled. Concept note-3: -(Some textbooks describe direct variation by saying “ y varies directly as x “, “ y varies proportionally as x “, or “ y is directly proportional to x . “) This means that as x increases, y increases and as x decreases, y decreases-and that the ratio between them always stays the same. Concept note-4: -This constant is called the constant of proportionality. Doubling the x variable, would also double the y variable . If we double the z, the y will also double. But if we double both x and z, then y gets quadrupled. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] For a field trip, four students rode in cars and the rest filled nine buses. How many students were in each bus if 472 students went on the trip? (A) 38 (B) 45 (C) 48 (D) ** 52 Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] C12H22O11 represents a (A) Amino Acid (B) ** disaccharide (C) Glycerol (D) Fatty Acid EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Sucrose is a molecule composed of two monosaccharides, namely glucose and fructose. This non-reducing disaccharide has a chemical formula of C12H22O11. Sucrose is commonly referred to as table sugar or cane sugar. Concept note-2: -Sucrose (common name: table sugar, also called saccharose) is a disaccharide (glucose + fructose) with the molecular formula C12H22O11. Concept note-3: -●20 Sucrose (C12H22O11) is also known as table sugar. What is the smallest unit of sugar that maintains the chemical character. Page 1. ●20 Sucrose (C12H22O11) is also known as. table sugar. Concept note-4: -The three major disaccharides are sucrose, lactose, and maltose. Concept note-5: -Sucrose is a disaccharide consisting of one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule, or 50% glucose and 50% fructose. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A model used by evolutionary biologist to represent evolutionary history among species is called a (A) family tree (B) ** cladogram (C) histogram (D) phylogram EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A cladogram is an evolutionary tree that diagrams the ancestral relationships among organisms. In the past, cladograms were drawn based on similarities in phenotypes or physical traits among organisms. Today, similarities in DNA sequences among organisms can also be used to draw cladograms. Concept note-2: -A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms. Concept note-3: -Cladograms are diagrams which depict the relationships between different groups of taxa called “clades”. By depicting these relationships, cladograms reconstruct the evolutionary history (phylogeny) of the taxa. Cladograms can also be called “phylogenies” or “trees”. Concept note-4: -Scientists use cladograms to propose and ask questions about the evolutionary relationships between different species. By giving weigh to de- rived characters and recognizing ancestral characteristics, scientists can compare different phylogenies of the same groups of organisms. Concept note-5: -The terms evolutionary tree, phylogenetic tree, and cladogram are often used interchangeably to mean the same thing-that is, the evolutionary relationships among taxa. The term dendrogram is also used interchangeably with cladogram, although there are subtle differences, discussed in Chapter 9. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is a species? (A) ** A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring. (B) A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other. (C) A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile. (D) Indivual organisms that live in the same environment. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -According to the most widely used species definition, the biological species concept, a species is a group of organisms that can potentially inter- breed, or mate, with one another to produce viable, fertile offspring. In this definition, members of the same species must have the potential to interbreed. Previous Next Previous Next
EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Fossil records can be studied to determine how organisms change through time. Which of the following methods for studying organisms could LEAST likely be accomplished by studying fossil record? (A) determining when extinction of species occurred (B) comparing homologous structures of organisms (C) ** comparing sleep patterns of organisms (D) dating organisms by the relative order of their fossils EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Answer. Comparing sleep patterns of organisms is used for studying organisms could least likely be accomplished by studying the fossil record. Concept note-2: -Fossils provide solid evidence that organisms from the past are not the same as those found today; fossils show a progression of evolution. Fos- sils, along with the comparative anatomy of present-day organisms, constitute the morphological, or anatomical, record. Concept note-3: -Fossils, or preserved parts of organisms from the distant past, have shown that species change over time. Radiometric dating can be used to de- termine the age of fossils by measuring the how much of the radioactive materials in each rock layer have broken down. Concept note-4: -They say the fossil record fails to show what are called “transitional forms, ” generally the in-between stages as one type of creature evolved into another. Concept note-5: -Explanation: By looking at fossils, one is able analyze the physical structures of past organisms, many which have since gone extinct. You are able to see how old these organisms were/what eras they lived in by using relative dating. Previous Next Previous Next

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child development and pedagogy14.pdf

  • 1.
  • 2. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT TEACHING METHODS KOHLBERG EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT VYGOTSKY LANGUAGE TOOLS OF ASSESSMENT PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION CHOMSKY LANGUAGE DYSLEXIA CHILD PSYCHOLOGY SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT VARIATIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES RTE 2009 HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT ADHD CURRICULUM BASED ASSESSMENT CONCEPT OF SOCIALISATION REINFORCEMENT AND PUNISHMENT NCF 2005 STERNBERGS THEORY OF INTELLIGENCE LEARNING THEORIES INFLUENCING FACTORS OF LEARNING CONTINUOUS AND COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE GARDNER LANGUAGE ACQUISITION THEORIES PIAGET CONCEPT OF ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION CONCEPT OF ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION SOCIALISATION AND EDUCATION
  • 3. COGNITIVE THEORIES LAWS OF LEARNING TYPES OF ASSESSMENT LEARNING DISABILITIES BRONFENBRENNERS ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ABLED CHILD MEASUREMENT OF INTELLIGENCE PROJECT METHODS AUTISM ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT COGNITION AND EMOTIONS MASLOW HIERARCHY INTELLIGENCE AND ITS THEORIES VYGOTSKY JEAN PIAGETS THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING CLASSIFICATION OF ASSESSMENT OPERANT CONDITIONING BRUNERS COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY MORAL DEVELOPMENT CHILD CENTRED EDUCATION FREUDS PERSONALITY THEORY BEHAVIOURIST THEORIES IQ ZPD OTHER INTELLIGENCE THEORIES INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCE CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND PEDAGOGY DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING INCLUSIVE EDUCATION GOVT NORMS DEFINE FEATURES SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
  • 4. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which particle or particles contribute to the mass of an atom? (A) ** proton (B) ** neutron (C) electron EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Only protons and neutrons contribute to an atom’s mass value. Concept note-2: -Although similar in mass, protons are positively charged, while neutrons have no charge. Therefore, the number of neutrons in an atom contrib- utes significantly to its mass, but not to its charge. Concept note-3: -The nucleus contains the majority of an atom’s mass because protons and neutrons are much heavier than electrons, whereas electrons occupy almost all of an atom’s volume. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 5. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] To reduce the order of radicals is to reduce the ____ to its lowest possible number. (A) ** index (B) denominator (C) numerator (D) radicand EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Answer. It is sometimes possible to reduce the index by writing the radical in exponential form and then reducing the fractional exponent to lowest terms. Concept note-2: -Since 2 is the smallest index a radical can have there is no need to worry about this being confused with a radical of index 1. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 6. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] This type of assessment is often high stake, which means that it has a high point value. (A) Formative Assessment (B) ** SummativeAssessment EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Summative assessments are often high stakes, which means that they have a high point value. Concept note-2: -The low stakes assessment refers to the formative assessments that have to be organized throughout the training period a multiple times. As it is conducted a number of times, each individual assessment has a limited impact on the performance of students. Concept note-3: -A Guide to Types of Assessment: Diagnostic, Formative, Interim, and Summative. Concept note-4: -Summative assessment examples: End-of-term or midterm exams. Cumulative work over an extended period such as a final project or creative portfolio. End-of-unit or chapter tests. Concept note-5: -What Is the Difference Between Formative and Summative Assessment? If formative assessment measures how a student is learning during a course of study, summative assessment is designed to measure “how much” a student has learned after a unit or course has reached its completion. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 7. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What type of sequence is this:1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ____ (A) Arithmetic (B) Geometric (C) ** Fibonacci (D) Quadratic EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers where a number is the addition of the last two numbers, starting with 0, and 1. The Fibonacci Se- quence: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55… Concept note-2: -The Fibonacci sequence is a type series where each number is the sum of the two that precede it. It starts from 0 and 1 usually. The Fibonacci sequence is given by 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, and so on. The numbers in the Fibonacci sequence are also called Fibonacci numbers. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 8. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Simplify the expression:8(5 + 2) (A) 13 +10 (B) ** 40 + 16 (C) (8 + 5) 2 (D) 21 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Expert-Verified Answer And the order of operation is also same as B ⇒ O ⇒ D ⇒ M ⇒ A ⇒ S. 5*(2+16)/2-4*(2+2)+1/4 of 16 where * means multi- plication. Using BODMAS, first of all we will solve bracketts. Hence, the answer for the expression is 33. Concept note-2: -Twitter user pjmdoll shared a math problem: 8 ÷ 2(2 + 2) = ? Some people got 16 as the answer, and some people got 1. The confusion has to do with the difference between modern and historic interpretations of the order of operations. The correct answer today is 16. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 9. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The tomato is an introduced species in Europe (A) ** True (B) False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The tomato is native to western South America and Central America. In 1519, Cortez discovered tomatoes growing in Montezuma’s gardens and brought seeds back to Europe where they were planted as ornamental curiosities, but not eaten. Concept note-2: -In the early 16th century, Spanish conquistadors returning from expeditions in Mexico and other parts of Mesoamerica were thought to have first introduced the seeds to southern Europe. Some researchers credit Cortez with bringing the seeds to Europe in 1519 for ornamental purposes. Concept note-3: -From its origins as a wild plant in the Americas to the thousands of varieties grown around the world today, tomatoes have evolved into one of the world’s most popular food crops. Today’s tomatoes began as wild plants in the Andes, growing in parts of Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Concept note-4: -The age-old question actually has an answer-it’s both! Tomatoes are fruits that are considered vegetables by nutritionists. Botanically, a fruit is a ripened flower ovary and contains seeds. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 10. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] As degrees of freedom increase, what happens to the spread of the t-distribution? (A) Increases (B) Can’t be determined (C) ** Decreases (D) Stays the same EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -What happens to the shape of Student’s t distribution as the degrees of freedom increase? As the degrees of freedom increase, Student’s t dis- tribution becomes less leptokurtic, meaning that the probability of extreme values decreases. The distribution becomes more and more similar to a standard nor- mal distribution. Concept note-2: -As the DF decreases, the t-distribution has thicker tails. This property allows for the greater uncertainty associated with small sample sizes. Concept note-3: -TheTh t-distribution has less spread as the degrees of freedom increase because, as n increases, s becomes closer to sigma by the law of large numbers. As the sample size n increases, the density curve of t gets closer to the standard normal density curve. Concept note-4: -As the df increases, the distribution becomes narrower and less leptokurtic. It becomes increasing similar to a standard normal distribution. When df ≥ 30, Student’s t distribution is almost the same as a standard normal distribution. Concept note-5: -What is the relationship between the value for degrees of freedom and the shape of the t distribution? As the degrees of freedom increases, the t distribution becomes less spread out. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 11. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] what are the products of these reactions?K+O2 → Na+H2O → (A) KOH, Na2O (B) ** K2O, NaOH +H2 (C) KOH+H2, Na2O EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Potassium oxide is a metal oxide with formula K2O. It is a potassium salt and a metal oxide. Concept note-2: -It is a single replacement reaction because only one replacement of elements occurs. Hence, the type of the given reaction is a single replace- ment reaction. Concept note-3: -Balance: K + H2O → KOH + H2 | General Knowledge Questions. Concept note-4: -The reaction is an redox reaction because sodium undergoes oxidation and water undergoes reduction. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 12. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] It colors the background behind the selected text or paragraph. (A) Borders (B) Show/Hide (C) Sort (D) ** Shading EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The correct answer is Shading. For the color background of the text in a document, select the text and choose a color as per requirement. Concept note-2: -The correct answer is Font color. You can change the colour of the text in your Word document. Select the text that you want to change. On the Home tab, in the Font group, choose the arrow next to Font Color, and then select a colour. Concept note-3: -You can also add a background color to your document. This color will only appear in digital copies of the document-Word will not print the page color. On the Design tab, click the Page Color button. Select a color. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 13. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Amy has 72 sweets in a bag. She keeps ¼ of them for herself and shares the rest with friends. How many sweets will she give to her friends? (A) 72 sweets (B) ** 54 sweets (C) 18 sweets (D) 4 sweets EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -She keeps 72 x 1/4 = 18 sweets. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 14. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Can be reduced to: (A) ** 2 2/3 (B) 2 1/4 (C) 3 (D) 3 4/5 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -An equivalent fraction of two-thirds (2/3) is sixteen twenty-fourths (16/24). Concept note-2: -2/3 is equivalent to the fractions 2/6, 3/9, 4/12, 5/15, and 6/18. These fractions are all equal to each other because they have the same numera- tor (top number) and denominator (bottom number). Concept note-3: -So, no further simplest form of 2:3 is possible. Was this answer helpful? Previous Next Previous Next
  • 15. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] This type of assessment can be used to motivate students (A) formative assessment (B) summative assessment (C) ** both formative and summative assessment (D) students are already super motivated EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Generally, instructors seek to incorporate both formative and summative assessments in their evaluation as they can be combined in effective ways. Concept note-2: -In a nutshell, formative assessments are quizzes and tests that evaluate how someone is learning material throughout a course. Summative as- sessments are quizzes and tests that evaluate how much someone has learned throughout a course. Concept note-3: -The goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. More specifically, formative assessments: help students identify their strengths and weaknesses and target areas that need work. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 16. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is the function of the modal verb “may” in this sentence?"When you’ve finish the test, you may quietly leave the room.” (A) ** permission (B) impossibility (C) possibility EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -"May” is a modal verb most commonly used to express possibility. It can also be used to give or request permission, although this usage is be- coming less common. Concept note-2: -Modal verbs show possibility, intent, ability, or necessity. Because they’re a type of auxiliary verb (helper verb), they’re used together with the main verb of the sentence. Concept note-3: -Can, could, may, might. The most common modal verbs to talk about permission are can, could, may and might. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 17. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Admission to the theater is $7.00 and each box of candy is $3.50. If you have $20 to spend, how many boxes of candy can you purchase? (A) 2 (B) ** 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 Previous Next Previous Next
  • 18. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A story’s main theme might be difficult to figure out because: (A) Authors rarely want the reader to figure it out (B) It has little to do with plot, characters, and other story elements (C) Only complicated, adult stories have themes (D) ** It is rarely stated explicitly EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Readers sometime have difficulty expressing their ideas of what the theme of a story could be. One reason for this is because understanding a story’s theme requires interpretation on the part of a reader. Another reason may be the fact that a story might have more than one message. Concept note-2: -Theme is the main or central idea in a literary work. It is the unifying element of a story. A theme is not a summary of characters or events. Rather, it is the controlling idea or central insight of the story. Concept note-3: -Theme and moral are overlapping concepts with minor differences. Theme is the central idea of a text that is implied by the author several times in a book or a story while moral is the message or the lesson that the author wants readers to get from the story. Concept note-4: -themes are designed to teach morals. a moral is one kind of theme. a theme is made up of repeated morals. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 19. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] It creates numbered or alphabetical list. (A) Bulleted List (B) Line Spacing (C) ** Numbered List (D) Multilevel List EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -To start a numbered list, type 1, a period (.), a space, and some text. Word will automatically start a numbered list for you. Type* and a space be- fore your text, and Word will make a bulleted list. To complete your list, press Enter until the bullets or numbering switch off. Concept note-2: -In HTML, we can create an ordered list using the <ol> tag. The ol in the tag stands for an ordered list. Inside each of the ordered list elements <ol> and <ol />, we have to define the list items. We can define the list items using the <li> tag. Concept note-3: -<ol>: The Ordered List element. The <ol> HTML element represents an ordered list of items-typically rendered as a numbered list. Concept note-4: -Bullet or numbered lists, also known as unordered and ordered lists, can make writing easy to read; however, be careful not to overuse them, as lists that are too long, or multiple lists on one page, can be difficult to read. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 20. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is central idea? (A) ** It is the point the author most wants the readers to learn or know about the text. (B) It is the message the author is trying to say that a reader takes away from the text. (C) It tells us what the story is mostly about. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The main idea of a paragraph is the primary point or concept that the author wants to communicate to the readers about the topic. Hence, in a paragraph, when the main idea is stated directly, it is expressed in what is called the topic sentence. Concept note-2: -The central idea is the central, unifying element of the story, which ties together all of the other elements of fiction used by the author to tell the story. The central idea can be best described as the dominant impression or the universal, generic truth found in the story. Concept note-3: -CENTRAL IDEA refers to what the text is mainly about. Central idea is NOT the topic of the text. Central idea can most often be stated in one sentence. Concept note-4: -Central idea is the main point the author wants you to remember and theme is the moral or lesson you learn from the story. The central idea tells the lesson or moral of the text. The theme is the main topic or focus of the text. Concept note-5: -The term theme can be defined as the underlying meaning of a story. It is the message the writer is trying to convey through the story. Often the theme of a story is a broad message about life. The theme of a story is important because a story’s theme is part of the reason why the author wrote the sto- ry. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 21. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Serenagoes to the supermarket. She has three quarters and a dime. She buys a bag ofchips for 81 cents. How much change does Serena give? (A) $55 (B) ** $20 (C) $35 (D) $60 Previous Next Previous Next
  • 22. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] It shows that the nth root of the mth root of a number is equal to the nth root of the number. (A) n ab = n a n b (B) ** n m p = nm p (C) n p q = n p n q (D) n an = a 1 n n EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -In mathematics, an nth root of a number x is a number r which, when raised to the power n, yields x: where n is a positive integer, sometimes called the degree of the root. A root of degree 2 is called a square root and a root of degree 3, a cube root. Concept note-2: -The principal nth root of a is written as n√a, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. In the radical expression, n is called the in- dex of the radical. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 23. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] In nuclear fusion, smaller atoms are forced together to create larger atoms. Does this process release, absorb or maintain energy? (A) Absorb energy (B) Maintain energy (C) ** Release energy EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -In a fusion reaction, two light nuclei merge to form a single heavier nucleus. The process releases energy because the total mass of the result- ing single nucleus is less than the mass of the two original nuclei. The leftover mass becomes energy. Concept note-2: -In nuclear fission, atoms are split apart, which releases energy. All nuclear power plants use nuclear fission, and most nuclear power plants use uranium atoms. During nuclear fission, a neutron collides with a uranium atom and splits it, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of heat and radiation. Concept note-3: -Nuclear fusion is the process by which two light atomic nuclei combine to form a single heavier one while releasing massive amounts of energy. Concept note-4: -Although the fusion of small atoms gives off a lot of energy, initiating this process requires a significant amount of energy. This energy is needed to overcome the Coulomb repulsion that exists between the protons the two different nuclei. Concept note-5: -Since energy released per mass is more in fusion as compared to fission, more energy is released in it. More number of neutrons are released in fission as compared to fusion and hence, more nucleons take part in fission. Was this answer helpful? Previous Next Previous Next
  • 24. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] For this unit, you want to allow students the ability to self-assess their learning and set goals. A ____ would be the best tool. (A) ** formative assessment (B) summative assessment EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Checklists, rubrics, and structures for reflection are all tools that can help students with self-assessment. A checklist spells out what needs to be included in a piece of work. Concept note-2: -There are three types of assessment: diagnostic, formative, and summative. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 25. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The weight of an object on Earth is directly proportional to the weight of that same object on the moon. An astronaut whose earth weight is 200 pounds would weigh 32 pounds on the moon. How about a 50-pound monkey? (A) 5 pounds (B) ** 8 pounds (C) 10 pounds (D) 12 pounds EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -As a result, the gravitational attraction on the moon is about one sixth when compared to that on the earth. Hence, the weight of an object on the moon is 16 th of the weight on the earth. Concept note-2: -A person weighs 200 pounds on earth weighs about 32 pounds on the moon. Concept note-3: -Weight is a consequence of the universal law of gravitation: any two objects, because of their masses, attract each other with a force that is di- rectly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Concept note-4: -AI Recommended Answer: The weight of the person on Earth would be 225 pounds on the moon. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 26. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] How many solutions will the following equation have? 2x + 10 = 2 (x + 5) (A) One solution (B) No solution (C) ** Infinitely many solutions (D) Cannot be determined EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Conditions for Infinite Solution The system of an equation has infinitely many solutions when the lines are coincident, and they have the same y-intercept. If the two lines have the same y-intercept and the slope, they are actually in the same exact line. Concept note-2: -Therefore, there is only 1 possible solution of the equation 2x + 3y = 5. Concept note-3: -1 Answer. Hence, we can conclude that the given system of equation has infinity many solutions. Concept note-4: -1 Expert Answer Since we found only one value for z, this equation has one solution. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 27. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] This refers to an apparatus used in rhythmic gymnastics made of either rubberor synthetic material. (A) ** Ball (B) Hoop (C) Clubs (D) Ribbon EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The ball is an apparatus used in rhythmic gymnastics. It is made of either rubber or synthetic material (pliable plastic) provided it possesses the same elasticity as rubber. It is 18 to 20 centimetres (7.1 to 7.9 in) in diameter and must have a minimum weight of 400 grams (14 oz). Concept note-2: -In rhythmic gymnastics, there are five apparatus used for individual competition: rope, hoop, ball, clubs, and ribbon. Concept note-3: -The ball is made with rubber or a synthetic material, and is roughly around 0.2metres in diameter. Gymnasts perform throws, as well as tricks such as bouncing and rolling the ball. Resembling bowling pins, the clubs are of equal length, typically about 0.4 to 0.5metres long. Concept note-4: -Rope. The rope may be made of hemp or a synthetic material that retains the qualities of lightness and suppleness. Its length is in proportion to the height of the gymnast. Concept note-5: -Clubs are thrown from alternate hands; each passes underneath the other clubs and is caught in the opposite hand to the one from which it was thrown. At its simplest, each club rotates once per throw, the handle moving down and away from the throwing hand at first. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 28. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] y varies inversely as x such that when x=12, y=9. Find y when x=27. (A) 3 (B) ** 4 (C) 9 (D) 18 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -First we have the equation 9=k/12. Then we solve for k which is the constant of the variation and that is 108. Next, we solve for y by using the equation y=108/27. Hence, the value for y is 4. Concept note-2: -When y varies inversely as x, y=kx, where k is some constant. By substituting y=−4 and x=16 we find that −4=k16 . Multiplying both sides by 16 gives k=−64 . Therefore, the answer is y=−64x . Concept note-3: -What is the inverse variation formula? The inverse variation is represented by x = k/y or xy = k. Concept note-4: -The main idea in inverse variation is that as one variable increases the other variable decreases, which means that if x is increasing y is decreas- ing, and if x is decreasing y is increasing. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 29. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Opens communication and focuses on growth, not grades (A) ** Formative (B) Summative EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -It is an observation that is written in a form of story to provide information regarding a student’s character development over the period. Hence, Term-end assessment is not a formative assessment. Concept note-2: -But what do these terms actually mean? In a nutshell, formative assessments are quizzes and tests that evaluate how someone is learning mate- rial throughout a course. Summative assessments are quizzes and tests that evaluate how much someone has learned throughout a course. Concept note-3: -Formative assessments differ from summative assessments in that formatives are used to better understand how the learning experience is progressing while summatives are used to track the learner’s progress at the end of a lesson. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 30. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] You saw your classmate throwing her trash on the street, what will you do? (A) You will just ignore it. (B) ** You will pick the trash and throw it to the trash can and you will tell your classmate not to do that again. (C) You will shout at your classmate and tell her it’s bad. (D) You will throw your trash on the street too. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -1 What do you do when you see rubbish on the street? Pick it up. If I can find a garbage can or recycling bin, I’ll take it there. If I can’t, I’ll carry it with me until I can dispose of it at my house. Concept note-2: -Recycle! Recycle! Talk to your family and friends about recycling to reduce the amount of litter you throw away. At home, make sure garbage and recycling bags are tied securely so that loose papers and other items can’t fall out and become litter. Educate children about the importance of disposing of trash properly. Concept note-3: -Undoubtedly, when you want to stop someone dumping litter on your property, report the illegal dumping of waste or garbage to the police immediately. The police will come to investigate the event and fine the person who did trash/waste dump. Bump: You can also contact your local Health Depart- ment or call 311 for help. Concept note-4: -The correct answer to this question is paper, plastic, and other non-recyclable items should be reduced or replaced. Explanation: Given-A per- son you see throwing garbage. To Find-Write any three suggestions about a person you see throwing garbage every where? Previous Next Previous Next
  • 31. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] x 6 + 34 (A) 145 (B) 30 (C) 286 (D) ** 46 Previous Next Previous Next
  • 32. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] When you are preparing students for summative assessment, Jalen believes the teacher should do which of the following? (A) Do not prepare students. (B) Let them fail. (C) ** Provide a review before the assessment. (D) Run a marathon. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Suggestions for preparing students for assessments This includes communicating which learning aims will be tested and to what standards. Use formative assessments to provide practice with feedback for summative and high stakes assessments. Use rubrics whenever possible and provide them in ad- vance. Concept note-2: -The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Summative assessments are often high stakes, which means that they have a high point value. Examples of summative assessments include: a midterm exam. Concept note-3: -Formative assessment refers to assessments that provide information to students and teachers that is used to improve teaching and learning. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 33. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] x (6x ____ )=60 What is the missing number? (A) 4 (B) 7 (C) 12 (D) ** 5 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Missing numbers are the numbers that have been missed in the given series of a number with similar differences among them. The method of writing the missing numbers is stated as finding similar changes between those numbers and filling the missing terms in the specific series and places. Concept note-2: -Q2) Here are two different factor trees for 60. Write the missing numbers. hence, the missing numbers are 3, 2. hence, the missing numbers are 5, 2, 3. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 34. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Where was the Indus Valley Civilization located? (A) North India (B) ** South Asia (C) East Africa (D) West America EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -It was located in modern-day India and Pakistan and covered an area as large as Western Europe. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were the two great cities of the Indus Valley Civilization, emerging around 2600 BCE along the Indus River Valley in the Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Concept note-2: -The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation or the Harappan Civilisation was a Bronze Age civilisation in the north- western regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. Concept note-3: -The civilization was first identified in 1921 at Harappa in the Punjab region and then in 1922 at Mohenjo-daro (Mohenjodaro), near the Indus River in the Sindh (Sind) region. Both sites are in present-day Pakistan, in Punjab and Sindh provinces, respectively. Concept note-4: -More than 4, 000 years ago, the Harappa culture thrived in the Indus River Valley of what is now modern Pakistan and northwestern India, where they built sophisticated cities, invented sewage systems that predated ancient Rome’s, and engaged in long-distance trade with settlements in Me- sopotamia. Concept note-5: -The Indus Valley Civilization in what is now northeast Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northwest India was an early cradle of civilization (alongside Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt), and the region is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 35. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] All of the x-values can be called what? (A) ** Input (B) Range (C) Dependent Variable (D) Function EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -So all the X values are in for inputs are called as domain. Concept note-2: -The variable x is called the independent variable (also sometimes called the argument of the function), and the variable y is called dependent variable (also sometimes called the image of the function.) Concept note-3: -For a function, the input is called the independent variable, and the output is called the dependent variable . This is because the output de- pends on the input. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 36. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What are the products when calcium reacts with nitric acid? (A) Calcium oxide and carbon dioxide (B) Calcium chloride and hydrogen (C) ** Calcium nitrate and hydrogen EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -CaCO 3 ( s ) ( Calcium carbonate ) + 2 HNO 3 ( aq ) ( Nitric acid ) → Ca ( NO 3 ) 2 ( aq ) ( Calcium nitrate ) + CO 2 ( g ) ( Carbon dioxide ) + H 2 O ( l ) ( Water ) Concept note-2: -The compound calcium oxide reacts with nitric acid to give calcium nitrate and water. Concept note-3: -Calcium oxide reacts with nitric acid (HNO 3) to form aqueous calcium nitrate and water. Concept note-4: -It has been postulated that the reaction of nitric acid with calcium carbonate, namely, CaCO3(s) + 2HNO3(g) → Ca(NO3)2(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(g), plays an important role in the atmosphere. Concept note-5: -Calcium hydroxide react with nitric acid to produce calcium nitrate and water. The balanced chemical equation is: Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 37. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] This is the side opposite the right angle in a right angled triangle. It is also the longest side of the right angled trianlge (A) Converse (B) ** Hypotenuse (C) Leg (of a triangle) (D) Sum EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The hypotenuse of a right triangle is always the side opposite the right angle. It is the longest side in a right triangle. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 38. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which two planets do not have moons? (A) Earth and Mars (B) Jupiter and Saturn (C) ** Mercury and Venus (D) Mercury and Mars EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Of the terrestrial (rocky) planets of the inner solar system, neither Mercury nor Venus have any moons at all, Earth has one and Mars has its two small moons. In the outer solar system, the gas giants Jupiter and Saturn and the ice giants Uranus and Neptune have dozens of moons. Concept note-2: -Most likely because they are too close to the Sun. Any moon with too great a distance from these planets would be in an unstable orbit and be captured by the Sun. If they were too close to these planets they would be destroyed by tidal gravitational forces. Concept note-3: -Mercury and Venus Neither of them has a moon. Because Mercury is so close to the Sun and its gravity, it wouldn’t be able to hold on to its own moon. Any moon would most likely crash into Mercury or maybe go into orbit around the Sun and eventually get pulled into it. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 39. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which output device that we should use to hear the sound from our computer? (A) ** Headphone (B) Monitor (C) Printer (D) Projector EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Computer speakers are output device that works the same way as a headphone. They make our entertainment experience easier. We can watch movies, listen to music, recordings, or any audio with help of speakers. They can be used instead of headphones when multiple people want to listen to the audio. Concept note-2: -Sometimes called earphones, headphones are a hardware output device that plug into a computer line out or speakers port. Concept note-3: -Speakers are the most common auditory output devices. Some computers have inbuilt speakers, but they’re often small, and so they lose sound quality. Speakers can be connected through cables that plug directly into the computer. More often now, speakers can be connected wirelessly, using Bluetooth. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 40. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Complete the following sequence:11, 9, 7, 5, 3, 1, ____, ____ (A) 0, -2 (B) -1, -2 (C) 0, -1 (D) ** -1, -3 Previous Next Previous Next
  • 41. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What type of blood spatter is typically created from being hit by a baseball bat? (A) ** Medium Velocity (B) High Velocity (C) Void (D) Low Velocity EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A medium velocity spatter is a result of a force anywhere from five to a hundred feet per second . This type of splatter can be caused by a blunt force such as a baseball bat or an intense beating. This type of spatter is usually no more than four millimeters. This type of spatter can also be a result of a stab- bing. Concept note-2: -“High velocity” A bloodstain pattern resulting from an object impacting a blood source at 100 feet per second or greater. A typical example is spatter resulting from a gunshot. Concept note-3: -High Velocity Impact Spatter (HVIS)-A bloodstain pattern caused by a high velocity impactto a blood source such as that produced by gunshot or high-speed machinery. Concept note-4: -The three categories are low-velocity impact blood spatter, medium velocity impact blood spatter and high-velocity impact blood spatter. Th- ese classifications were constructed on the theory that the size of the stain is inversely proportional to the force applied. Concept note-5: -A bloodstain pattern that results when blood moving slowly ( 1.5 metres per second or less) strikes a surface. Blood dripping from a nosebleed onto the floor creates a low velocity impact spatter. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 42. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Ongoing and flexible evaluation which is incorporated into the lesson (A) ** Formative (B) Summative EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. Concept note-2: -Formative assessment is a planned, ongoing process used by all students and teachers during learning and teaching to elicit and use evidence of student learning to improve student understanding of intended disciplinary learning outcomes and support students to become self-directed learners. Concept note-3: -assessment is a continuous or on-going process that the teacher uses to find out which children need more instructions, as well as which chil- dren master the new concepts and are ready for more advanced instructions. Concept note-4: -Formative assessment may take a variety of forms, such as informal questions, practice quizzes, one-minute papers, and clearest/muddiest point exercises. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 43. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Suppose x varies directly y3 as and inversely as Z2 . If y is halved and z is doubled, what happens to x? (A) 1 2 as large (B) 1 8 as large (C) 1 16 as large (D) ** 1 32 as large EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Therefore, the required expression is y = ( k × x ) / z2, where k is the constant of proportionality. Concept note-2: -y = c 1/x. Intuitively this means that if x doubles then y is reduced by 1/2 and if x triples then y is reduced by 1/3. For example if you are going on a 200 mile drive then the time it takes, y, is inversely proportional to your average speed, x. y = 200 1/x. Concept note-3: -Summary: Suppose that y varies directly with x and inversely with z, y = 18 when x = 15 and z = 5. The equation that models the relationship is y = 6x/z. The value y when x = 21 and z = 7 is 18. Concept note-4: -What is the inverse variation formula? The inverse variation is represented by x = k/y or xy = k. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 44. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The reactivity of alklai metals increasing going down the group.What is the reason for this? (A) ** the further an electron is from the positive nucleus, the easier it can be lost in reaction (B) the attraction between the nucleus and the last electron gets stronger (C) these react by losing electrons and reactivity increases as you go up the group. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The reactivity of Group 1 elements increases as you go down the group because: the atoms get larger. the outer electron gets further from the nucleus. the attraction between the nucleus and outer electron gets weaker – so the electron is more easily lost. Concept note-2: -The reactivity of the alkali metals, Column 1 on the periodic table, increases as you move down the family. Since the effective nuclear charge within a family is essentially the same, the reactivity increases because of increasing size of the atoms. A size increase occurs because of one additional energy level per row. Concept note-3: -Electropositivity increases down the group of alkali metals, thus the reactivity increases down the group of alkali metals. The reactivity of halo- gens is due to their electronegativity. Electronegativity decreases down the group, thus reactivity of halogens decreases down the group. Concept note-4: -Reactivity increases down the group. This is because the outer electron in each atom is further away from the nucleus as you go down the group and so the electrostatic forces between the nucleus and the outer electron are weaker. This means electrons are more easily given up in a reaction. Concept note-5: -In alkali metals the reactivity increases but in the halogens it decreases with increase in atomic number down the group. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 45. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following is evidence to support the idea that two different species might have a common ancestor? (A) Their methods of respiration are alike (B) They use the same means of locomotion (C) Their fossils were discovered in the same location (D) ** Many of their genes are the same. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Homologous structures provide evidence for common ancestry, while analogous structures show that similar selective pressures can produce similar adaptations (beneficial features). Similarities and differences among biological molecules (e.g., in the DNA sequence of genes) can be used to determine species’ relatedness. Concept note-2: -Comparing DNA Today, scientists can compare their DNA. Similar DNA sequences are the strongest evidence for evolution from a common an- cestor. Concept note-3: -what statement could be used as evidence to show that two different species of organisms most likely developed from a single, common ances- tor? fossil evidence indicated that many species have existed relatively brief periods of time have have become extinct. Concept note-4: -what are two types of evidence that suggest that evolution has occurred? fossil evidence and molecular evidence. how do fossils provide evi- dence that evolution has taken place? they show that organisms have changed over time. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 46. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] ____ assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. (A) ** Summative (B) Formative EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Summative assessments are often high stakes, which means that they have a high point value. Concept note-2: -Summative Assessment This takes place at the end of a large chunk of learning, with the results being primarily for the teacher’s or school’s use. Concept note-3: -What Is the Difference Between Formative and Summative Assessment? If formative assessment measures how a student is learning during a course of study, summative assessment is designed to measure “how much” a student has learned after a unit or course has reached its completion. Concept note-4: -Summative assessments are used to evaluate student learning, skill acquisition, and academic achievement at the conclusion of a defined in- structional period-typically at the end of a project, unit, course, semester, program, or school year. Concept note-5: -Ipsative assessment It measures the performance of a student against previous performances from that student. With this method you’re try- ing to improve yourself by comparing previous results. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 47. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A perfect square is when a whole number is multiplied by itself? (A) FALSE (B) ** TRUE EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Informally: When you multiply an integer (a “whole” number, positive, negative or zero) times itself, the resulting product is called a square num- ber, or a perfect square or simply “a square.” So, 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, and so on, are all square numbers. Concept note-2: -A number is a perfect square or a square number if its square root is an integer, which means it is an integer’s product with itself. Concept note-3: -Multiplying a number by itself means squaring the number. The first four square numbers are one, four, nine, and 16. This is because one squared or one multiplied by one is one, two squared is four, three squared is nine, and four squared is 16. Concept note-4: -Not all even numbers are perfect squares. In fact, many perfect squares are odd numbers. The first ten perfect squares are 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, and 100. Concept note-5: -So we can say, Yes, the product of two perfect squares is always a perfect square. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 48. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which takes more force to catch, a bowling ball or a ping pong ball? Assume both are brought to a stop in 1 second. (A) ** bowling ball because it has more momentum (B) ping pong ball because it has more momentum (C) both require the same amount of force when catching (D) bowling ball because it has less momentum EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -If a bowling ball and a ping-pong ball are each moving with a velocity of 5 mph, you intuitively understand that it will require more effort to stop the bowling ball than the ping pong ball because of the greater mass of the bowling ball. Concept note-2: -[a] The final momentum of the bowling ball is twice the initial momentum of the Ping-Pong ball. Concept note-3: -Alternative Solution: Both the initial momentum and the force acting on the two objects are equal. Therefore the initial velocity and the acceler- ation of the ping-pong ball isgreater than the bowling ball by the ratio of the bowling ball mass to the ping-pong ball mass. hence the ping-pong has the greater displacement. Concept note-4: -A massive and fast moving bowling ball must have a large momentum while a light and slow moving tennis ball must have a small momentum. However, a fast tennis ball may have the same momentum as a slow rolling bowling ball due to its high velocity (Fig. 1-3). Concept note-5: -A bowling ball has more mass than a table-‐ tennis ball, so the bowling ball has a greater inertia. Newton’s first law of motion states that the mo- tion of an object changes only if an unbalanced force acts on the object. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 49. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is revolution? (A) The force of attraction that moves objects toward its center. (B) ** The orbital path of an object around another object. (C) The imaginary line that an object spins on. (D) When a celestial body (object in space) is blocked (or partially covered) by another object in space. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -"Revolution” refers the object’s orbital motion around another object. For example, Earth rotates on its own axis, producing the 24-hour day. Earth revolves about the Sun, producing the 365-day year. A satellite revolves around a planet. Concept note-2: -An orbit is the curved path that an object in space (such as a star, planet, moon, asteroid or spacecraft) takes around another object due to grav- ity. Concept note-3: -What are Revolutions and Orbits? An orbit is a regular, curved path that one object in space takes around another one. The Earth takes 365.25 days to complete one revolution (completion of an orbit). Concept note-4: -orbits; orbiting; orbited Orbit comes from the Latin orbita, “course, ” or “track.” The verb orbit is the act of revolving around another object, usu- ally on a circular or elliptical course. Many planets, moons, stars, meteors spacecraft and other objects in outer space orbit around each other. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 50. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Where can the water table be found? (A) ** at the top of the saturated zone (B) between layers of impermeable rock (C) in the unsaturated zone (D) below layers of clay soil EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The saturated zone, a zone in which all the pores and rock fractures are filled with water, underlies the unsaturated zone. The top of the satu- rated zone is called the water table (Diagram 1). The water table may be just below or hundreds of feet below the land surface. Concept note-2: -The upper surface of this zone of saturation is called the water table. The saturated zone beneath the water table is called an aquifer, and aquifers are huge storehouses of water. What you are looking at in this picture is a “well” that exposes the water table, with an aquifer beneath it. Concept note-3: -The area where water fills the aquifer is called the saturated zone (or saturation zone). The top of this zone is called the water table. The water table may be located only a foot below the ground’s surface or it can sit hundreds of feet down. Concept note-4: -Groundwater exists and flows within the small spaces between soil particles and fractured rock. The area where water fills these spaces is called the saturated zone. The top of the saturated zone (called the water table) may be only a foot below the ground’s surface, or it may be hundreds of feet down. Concept note-5: -The water table sits on top of what experts call the zone of saturation, or phreatic zone. The area above the water table is called the vadose zone. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 51. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Select the tip that can NOT be applied in the summative assessment. (A) ** Make a lesson plan. (B) Provide clear instructions. (C) Depth of knowledge. (D) Give enough test time. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some standard or benchmark. Summative assessments are often high stakes, which means that they have a high point value. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 52. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The generous ____ always blessed. (A) is (B) ** are EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -9 The generous will themselves be blessed, for they share their food with the poor. Concept note-2: -The apostle Paul quotes Jesus as saying, “It is more blessed to give than to receive (Acts 20:35).” Jesus is saying that when we give – whether it is time, energy, service, encouragement, resource, or whatever – there is an even greater blessing than when we are on the receiving end. Concept note-3: -“Generosity is giving more than you can, and pride is taking less than you need.” “You have not lived today until you have done something for someone who can never repay you.” “A kind gesture can reach a wound that only compassion can heal.” Previous Next Previous Next
  • 53. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] All of the y-values or outputs can be called what? (A) Domain (B) ** Range (C) Relation (D) Function EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The range is the set of outputs of y-coordinates. When both the independent quantity (input) and the dependent quantity (output) are real num- bers, a function can be represented by a graph in the coordinate plane. Concept note-2: -The definition of range is the set of all possible values that the function will give when we give in the domain as input. Concept note-3: -The range of a function is the set of values that the function assumes. This set is the values that the function shoots out after we plug an x value in. They are the y values. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 54. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which layer would groundwater, or aquifer, likely be found? (A) layer of loose soil (B) layer of sand (C) ** layer of gravel (D) layer of hard clay (E) layer of solid rock EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Confined aquifers have a layer of impenetrable rock or clay above them, while unconfined aquifers lie below a permeable layer of soil. Many dif- ferent types of sediments and rocks can form aquifers, including gravel, sandstone, conglomerates, and fractured limestone. Concept note-2: -Groundwater is found in two zones. The unsaturated zone, immediately below the land surface, contains water and air in the open spaces, or pores. The saturated zone, a zone in which all the pores and rock fractures are filled with water, underlies the unsaturated zone. Concept note-3: -The upper surface of this water-filled area, or “zone of saturation", is called the water table. The saturated area beneath the water table is called an aquifer, and aquifers are huge storehouses of water. Concept note-4: -Major sand and gravel aquifers are generally Quaternary deposits found within pre-glacial bedrock valleys or along modern streams and rivers. They are commonly separated from shallower aquifers by layers of less permeable till or fine-grained lacustrine deposits. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 55. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A plateau is a plain land. (A) True (B) ** False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A plateau is a flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side. Concept note-2: -Plateaus are flat, raised areas of land made up of nearly horizontal rocks that have been uplifted by forces within Earth. They are different from plains in that their edges rise steeply from the land around them. Concept note-3: -A plateau, also called a high plain or a tableland, is an area of a highland, usually consisting of relatively flat terrain, that is raised significantly above the surrounding area, often with one or more sides with deep hills. Concept note-4: -A plain is a broad area of relatively flat land. Plains are one of the major landforms, or types of land, on Earth. They cover more than one-third of the world’s land area. Concept note-5: -A plateau is an elevated flatland. It is a flat-topped table land standing above the surrounding area. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 56. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following conditional statements expresses general truth? (A) ** Zero Conditional (B) First Conditional (C) Second Conditional EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -In zero conditional sentences, you can replace “if” with “when", because both express general truths. Concept note-2: -Zero conditional sentences express general truths-situations in which one thing always causes another. When you use a zero conditional, you’re talking about a general truth rather than a specific instance of something. Concept note-3: -The zero conditional form is used to express a fact that is always true when something else happens. For example, the sentence “If water reaches 100 degrees Celsius, it boils.” expresses the fact that water always boils whenever it reaches 100 degrees Celsius. Concept note-4: -The Zero Conditional If you heat water to 100°, it boils. If you eat a lot, you put on weight. If it doesn’t rain for a long time, the earth gets very dry. If we go out with friends, we normally go to a restaurant. Concept note-5: -It is composed of the if clause and the result. Use the zero conditional when the result always happens. For instance, when we heat ice, it always boils. It’s a scientific fact. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 57. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of ____ (A) ** neutrons (B) electrons (C) atoms EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Isotopes are members of a family of an element that all have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. The number of protons in a nucleus determines the element’s atomic number on the Periodic Table. For example, carbon has six protons and is atomic number 6. Concept note-2: -The number of protons in all the atoms of a particular element is same, therefore to have different mass numbers, isotopes contain different number of neutrons. Concept note-3: -Nuclei with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons are called isobars. Concept note-4: -Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. The number of existing protons and elec- trons in a neutral atom of an element is equal. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 58. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] When Mr. Frank visits the warehouse in November 1945, what important world event is going on between those two dates? (A) ** World War II (B) World War I (C) Vietnam War EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Frank visits the warehouse in November 1945. Anne’s diary begins in July 1942. What important world event happened between those two dates. The Berlin wall came down. Concept note-2: -In the opening scene, why is Mr. Frank visiting the warehouse rooms with Miep? He is looking for his daughter’s diary. Concept note-3: -When news of the invasion of Normandy arrives, everyone is thrilled. Why do they feel that way? It means that new forces have arrived to fight the Germans and the war might end soon. Concept note-4: -The war in Europe ended in May 1945, but many who survived the camps did not return until the fall. What effect has the war had on Mr. Frank? He was very depressed because he lost his family and he was tired, weak, and moving slowly. Concept note-5: -Life in the confined quarters of the “Secret Annexe” had made Mr. Düssel rather difficult, and Anne describes him with great severity in her di- ary. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 59. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Results from this type of assessment can lead to modifications in instruction (A) formative assessment (B) summative assessment (C) ** both formative and summative assessment EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Generally, instructors seek to incorporate both formative and summative assessments in their evaluation as they can be combined in effective ways. Concept note-2: -Formative assessments have low stakes and usually carry no grade, which in some instances may discourage the students from doing the task or fully engaging with it. The goal of summative assessment is to evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit by comparing it against some stan- dard or benchmark. Concept note-3: -With formative assessments you try to figure out whether a student’s doing well or needs help by monitoring the learning process. When you use summative assessments, you assign grades. The grades tell you whether the student achieved the learning goal or not. Concept note-4: -Formative assessments differ from summative assessments in that formatives are used to better understand how the learning experience is progressing while summatives are used to track the learner’s progress at the end of a lesson. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 60. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A trapezoid has an area of 166.5 in2, height 9 in, and one base 15 in. What is the length of the other base?A = 1/2h(b1 + b2) (A) 3.5 in (B) 7 in (C) 18.5 in (D) ** 22 in EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Area of a trapezoid is found with the formula, A=(a+b)/2 x h. Learn how to use the formula to find area of trapezoids. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 61. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following is the negative functional group in an amino acid? (A) Carbonyl Group (B) ** Carboxyl Group (C) Amino Group (D) Phosphate Group EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -This carboxyl group ionizes to release hydrogen ions (H+) from the-COOH group resulting in the negatively charged-COO– group; this contrib- utes to the hydrophilic nature of whatever molecule it is found on. Concept note-2: -A carboxyl group is made up of one carbon (C) and two oxygen (O) atoms. That carboxyl group has a negative charge, since it is a carboxylic acid (-COOH) that has lost its hydrogen (H) atom. Concept note-3: -Phosphate groups also contain a negative charge and can participate in ionic bonds. Phosphate groups are common in nucleic acids and on phos- pholipids (the term “phospho” referring to the phosphate group on the lipid). Concept note-4: -These are aspartic acid or aspartate (Asp) and glutamic acid or glutamate (Glu). Their side chains have carboxylic acid groups whose pKa’s are low enough to lose protons, becoming negatively charged in the process. Concept note-5: -Carboxyl groups are a combination of two functional groups attached to a single carbon atom, namely, hydroxyl (single-bonded OH) and car- bonyl (double bonded O) groups. The carboxyl (COOH) group is so-named because of the carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group. They include carboxylic acids and amino acids. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 62. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The elephants ____ proudly before the cheering kids. (A) ** march (B) marches Previous Next Previous Next
  • 63. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] True or False:When a problem has parentheses, I should always do the numbers inside of the parentheses last. (A) True (B) ** False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Parentheses will contain numbers that require an operation to be done first. The operation within the parentheses can be a simple one-step op- eration or it could be a multi-step operation. Concept note-2: -First, we solve any operations inside of parentheses or brackets. Second, we solve any exponents. Third, we solve all multiplication and division from left to right. Concept note-3: -Multiplying Expressions: Parentheses can be used in place of multiplication symbols. Numbers or expressions enclosed in parentheses next to each other, without any operation sign between them, will be multiplied together. Concept note-4: -Parentheses are used in mathematical expressions to denote modifications to normal order of operations (precedence rules). In an expression like, the part of the expression within the parentheses, , is evaluated first, and then this result is used in the rest of the expression. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 64. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is the complete subject?The crying baby was hungry. (A) The crying (B) baby (C) ** The crying baby (D) was hungry. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -In the given sentence, “crying” is a gerund which acts as a subject complement to the noun in the subject “baby", hence option C is correct. Concept note-2: -A simple sentence must also begin with a capital letter and end with a period, question mark, or exclamation mark. Another name for a simple sentence is an independent clause. The baby cried. This is a sentence because it tells us what someone (subject – the baby) does (verb – cried). Concept note-3: -’Cry’ is correct as it is the base form of the verb and the non-3rd person singular present form. Concept note-4: -Typical context: The baby is hungry. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 65. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which two layers have convection currents? (A) lower mantle and outer core (B) asthenosphere and lower mantle (C) outer core and inner core (D) ** asthenosphere and outer core EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The two layers of the Earth that are involved in forming convection currents are the mantle and the outer core. Concept note-2: -Mantle convection describes the movement of the mantle as it transfers heat from the white-hot core to the brittle lithosphere. The mantle is heated from below, cooled from above, and its overall temperature decreases over long periods of time. Concept note-3: -The plates move on a hot flowing mantle layer called the asthenosphere, which is several hundred kilometers thick. Heat within the astheno- sphere creates convection currents (similar to the currents that can be seen in the lava lamp). Concept note-4: -Surface heating produces convection currents in the troposphere. As the Sun’s rays warms the Earth’s surface, the air near surface absorbs heat and rises, creating convection currents. As the air rises in the troposphere, it cools, becomes denser, and sinks back toward the surface. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 66. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] All matter is made of what? (A) energy (B) ** atoms (C) electrons EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -All matter is made up of substances called elements, which have specific chemical and physical properties and cannot be broken down into other substances through ordinary chemical reactions. Gold, for instance, is an element, and so is carbon. There are 118 elements, but only 92 occur naturally. Concept note-2: -An atom consists of a central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is positively charged and con- tains one or more relatively heavy particles known as protons and neutrons. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter. Concept note-3: -Hence, the given statement is true. Q. All matter is made up of tiny particles such as molecules and atoms. Concept note-4: -Dalton’s atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties. Dalton based his theory on the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition. The first part of his theory states that all matter is made of atoms, which are indivisible. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 67. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is a carbon footprint? (A) The footprint we leave on the beach when we walk on the sand. (B) ** The amount of carbon dioxide and other green house gases we are producing every day. (C) How much carbon dioxide is taken by the trees and flowers in the park. (D) The air pollution. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases (including carbon dioxide and methane) that are generated by our actions. The aver- age carbon footprint for a person in the United States is 16 tons, one of the highest rates in the world. Globally, the average carbon footprint is closer to 4 tons. Concept note-2: -The carbon footprint of a product is the total amount of carbon dioxide (and other greenhouse gases) which are emitted over the full life cycle of a product, service or event. Concept note-3: -Notes. CO2 accounts for about 76 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions. Methane, primarily from agriculture, contributes 16 percent of greenhouse gas emissions and nitrous oxide, mostly from industry and agriculture, contributes 6 percent to global emissions. All figures here are expressed in CO2-equivalents. Concept note-4: -Greenhouse gases are measured in ‘carbon dioxide-equivalents’ (CO2e). Today, we collectively emit around 50 billion tonnes of CO2e each year. Concept note-5: -When talking about climate change, footprint is a metaphor for the total impact that something has. And carbon is a shorthand for all the differ- ent greenhouse gases that contribue to global warming. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 68. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What are omnivores? (Sofi) (A) ** Organisms that eat both plants and animals. (B) Organisms that eat only candy. (C) Organisms that eat only sea animals. (D) Organisms that eat only plants. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -An omnivore is an organism that eats plants and animals. The term stems from the Latin words omnis, meaning “all or everything, ” and vorare, meaning “to devour or eat.” Omnivores play an important part of the food chain, a sequence of organisms that produce energy and nutrients for other organ- isms. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 69. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following is not a purpose of a formative assessment? (A) To inform future instructional decisions (B) A part of the instructional process (C) To get evidence as to whether learning took place (D) ** To punish students who didn’t learn material EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Hence term-end examinations are not a part of Formative assessment. Concept note-2: -The goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. Concept note-3: -Note: It is not necessary to report in every quarter of report card. Hence, it becomes clear that formative assessment is not necessary to report in every quarter of report card. Concept note-4: -Multiple choice question (MCQ): Hence, it could be concluded that the MCQ is not considered as a tool for formative assessment. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 70. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids?? (A) Act as enzymes (B) ** Energy storing molecules (C) Structural components of animals (D) Sources of genetic information in chromosomes EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Answer and Explanation: The characteristics of lipids are that they are hydrophobic, made of hydrocarbon chains, are good stores of energy for cells, and can be saturated or unsaturated. Concept note-2: -Triglyceride is the most common lipid that is used for energy storage. Triglycerides are the main body fat constituents for vertebrates. They are tri-esters comprising a glycerol molecule that is bound to three fatty acid molecules. Concept note-3: -Lipids are used as energy storage via fatty acids. Fatty acids are composed of carboxylic acids attached to long chains of hydrocarbons. These are carbons that can range from 4 to 36 carbons. Concept note-4: -Just like the carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds in glucose allow that molecule to store energy, the bonds in fatty acids allow triglyc- erides to store energy. In fact, triglycerides can store much more energy than carbohydrates because they contain so many more bonds! Previous Next Previous Next
  • 71. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] For hopeful professional football players, the prospect of being drafted can seem overwhelming because the odds are often against them. One way for players to stand out is to be in top physical condition. Potential football players have to be able to show coaches their power and abilities. Athletes have to show how strong and fast they are and should be able to show coaches and scouts the ways they can take advantage of their size. Opportunities for athletes to showcase their abilities include the 40-yard dash and the vertical jump. The vertical jump requires players to jump from a standing position and some top athletes can jump over 40 inches.What is the central idea of this passage? (A) It is difficult to become a professional football player. (B) The vertical jump is a challenging task that involves jumping after standing still. (C) ** Hopeful football players have to be in peak physical shape. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 72. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] ____ is used to monitor pupil learning style and ability, to provide ongoing feedback and allow educators to improve and adjust their teaching methods and for students to improve their learning. (A) ** Formative assessment (B) Summative assessment EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The goal of formative assessment is to monitor student learning to provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to improve their teaching and by students to improve their learning. More specifically, formative assessments: help students identify their strengths and weaknesses and target areas that need work. Concept note-2: -Formative assessments can be used to measure student learning on a daily, ongoing basis. These assessments reveal how and what students are learning during the course and often inform next steps in teaching and learning. Concept note-3: -Formative assessment The goal is to monitor student learning to provide feedback. It helps identifying the first gaps in your instruction. Concept note-4: -Formative assessment provides feedback and information during the instructional process, while learning is taking place, and while learning is occurring. Formative assessment measures student progress but it can also assess your own progress as an instructor. Concept note-5: -Formative evaluation is usually undertaken early in the development of the program to inform the providers and stakeholders about the trends in results, whether the goals of the program are likely to be fulfilled, and to identify the barriers and facilitators of implementation. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 73. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] How Should we as teachers prepare our students for Summative Assessment? (A) ** Teaching to the Test (B) Teaching the Test (C) Leave out topics/objectives that are not on the standardized test (D) Let test objectives define your classroom curriculum EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Suggestions for preparing students for assessments This includes communicating which learning aims will be tested and to what standards. Use formative assessments to provide practice with feedback for summative and high stakes assessments. Use rubrics whenever possible and provide them in ad- vance. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 74. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Why speaker is one of an output device? (A) ** Because speaker receive sound from the computer (B) Because speaker sending sound to the computer (C) Because speaker save the sound into the computer (D) Because speaker process the sound inside the computer EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A computer speaker is an output hardware device that connects to a computer to generate sound. The signal used to produce the sound that comes from a computer speaker is created by the computer’s sound card. Concept note-2: -An output device is a piece of hardware used to receive data from the computer and convert it into a human-perceptible form. An example of an output device is a set of speakers. They take the data from the computer and turn it into an audible sound. Concept note-3: -Speakers are transducers that convert electromagnetic waves into sound waves. The speakers receive audio input from a device such as a com- puter or an audio receiver. This input may be either in analog or digital form. Analog speakers simply amplify the analog electromagnetic waves into sound waves. Concept note-4: -Speakers are the most common auditory output devices. Some computers have inbuilt speakers, but they’re often small, and so they lose sound quality. Speakers can be connected through cables that plug directly into the computer. More often now, speakers can be connected wirelessly, using Bluetooth. Concept note-5: -A computer speaker is a piece of hardware attached to a computer system used to produce sound. The computer’s sound card has the signal used to generate the sound from a computer speaker. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 75. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What do plants need to grow? (Lara) (A) Soil, Oxygen and forests (B) Atmosphere, animals and trees. (C) ** Water, Air and Sunlight EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Plants need air, water and sunlight to grow. Concept note-2: -All plants need space to grow, the right temperature, light, water, air, nutrients, and time. Concept note-3: -The five things plants need to grow are sunlight, water, minerals, and food. Concept note-4: -Photosynthesis is what plants do to create their food, and water is critical to this process. Water enters a plant’s stem and travels up to its leaves, which is where photosynthesis actually takes place. Once in the leaves water evaporates, as the plant exchanges water for carbon dioxide. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 76. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which output device that you should have when using computer? (A) ** Monitor (B) Printer (C) Projector (D) Headphone EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Monitors, commonly called as Visual Display Unit (VDU), are the main output device of a computer. It forms images from tiny dots, called pixels that are arranged in a rectangular form. The sharpness of the image depends upon the number of pixels. There are two kinds of viewing screen used for moni- tors. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 77. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A sequence is defined by Tn+1 = 7Tn-5, with T1 = 1.Determine the first 4 terms of this sequence. (A) 1, 3, 9, 27 (B) 1, 2, 10, 52 (C) ** 1, 2, 9, 58 (D) 1, 2, 9, 59 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -This is a geometric sequence since there is a common ratio between each term. In this case, multiplying the previous term in the sequence by 12 gives the next term. Concept note-2: -The general term for the sequence 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, . . . is 2n-1. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 78. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Which is a simile? (A) ** I was as red as a tomato. (B) The girl is funny. (C) I was colder yesterday because I forget a jacket. (D) The feeling of the ice made me stop suddenly. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Simile. A comparison using like or as. Example her face was as red as a tomato. Concept note-2: -It refers to something that is a simile. A full sentence example might be, “The embarrassed boy’s cheeks were as red as a tomato.” Red refers to the boy’s cheeks, or something that is as red as a tomato, not to the tomato itself. February 19, 2015. Concept note-3: -Sentence examples for red as a tomato from inspiring English sources. The whole theater was lit up, and I was as red as a tomato. Another man overheard and chastised her: “Look, Señora, you need to learn how to speak!” “I turned red as a tomato, ” she said. Concept note-4: -Grade 7 Simile Because I was embarrassed my face was as red as a ripe tomato. Concept note-5: -"Because I was embarrassed my facewas as red as a ripe tomato"-example of simile question.. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 79. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] The decomposers break down dead organic matter. (A) ** True (B) False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Decomposers play a critical role in the flow of energy through an ecosystem. They break apart dead organisms into simpler inorganic materials, making nutrients available to primary producers. Concept note-2: -When plants and animals die, they become food for decomposers like bacteria, fungi and earthworms. Decomposers or saprotrophs recycle dead plants and animals into chemical nutrients like carbon and nitrogen that are released back into the soil, air and water. Concept note-3: -Bacteria/fungi secreting enzymes out of their cells into the soil or dead organism. The enzymes digest the organic material. Concept note-4: -Decomposers (fungi, bacteria, invertebrates such as worms and insects) have the ability to break down dead organisms into smaller particles and create new compounds. We use decomposers to restore the natural nutrient cycle through controlled composting. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 80. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Where was Maya Civilization located? (A) ** Mexico (B) Africa (C) America (D) Spain EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Mayan civilization occupied much of the northwestern part of the isthmus of Central America, from Chiapas and Yucatán, now part of southern Mexico, through Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, and El Salvador and into Nicaragua. Concept note-2: -The Maya civilization developed in the Maya Region, an area that today comprises southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador. Concept note-3: -The Mayan Empire was an ancient Mesoamerica culture and empire. It was centred in the tropical rainforests and valleys of modern-day Gu- atemala and reached the peak of its power during around 650 CE. They were famous for building large cities out of stone, but strangely these cities were aban- doned by 900 CE. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 81. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Why is the light from distant galaxies red-shifted? (A) They produce more red light than nearby galaxies (B) ** They are moving away from us (C) The longer wavelengths are filtered out more by dust (D) They are moving toward us EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Redshift is an example of the Doppler Effect. As an object moves away from us, the sound or light waves emitted by the object are stretched out, which makes them have a lower pitch and moves them towards the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum, where light has a longer wavelength. Concept note-2: -Red-shift and speed It is a result of the space between the Earth and the galaxies expanding. This expansion stretches out the light waves dur- ing their journey to us, shifting them towards the red end of the spectrum. The more red-shifted the light from a galaxy is, the faster the galaxy is moving away from Earth. Concept note-3: -The Doppler red-shift of light observed from distant stars and galaxies gives evidence that the universe is expanding (moving away from a cen- tral point). This allows for Big Bang Theory, because after a “bang” occurs all of the matter moves away from the point of origin. Concept note-4: -Hubble’s law explains that the reason most galaxies are moving away from one another is because the whole universe is expanding. Pick any two galaxies at random, and the chances are they’re moving away from each other. Concept note-5: -The wavelength of light emitted by an object is changed by its motion relative to an observer. An object moving away from us is ‘redshifted’ – that is, its light is shifted towards the longer wavelengths at the red end of the visible spectrum. But although the Universe is expanding, not all objects are red- shifted. Previous Next Previous Next
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  • 83. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is the Greenhouse effect? (Nela) (A) When there is more land than water (B) ** A process that occurs when gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap the Sun’s heat (C) When there are a lot of green things in an area (grass, trees, bushes, etc..) (D) The photosynthesis of the plants EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -The greenhouse effect is the way in which heat is trapped close to Earth’s surface by “greenhouse gases.” These heat-trapping gases can be thought of as a blanket wrapped around Earth, keeping the planet toastier than it would be without them. Concept note-2: -Greenhouse gases let the sun’s light shine onto Earth’s surface, but they trap the heat that reflects back up into the atmosphere. In this way, they act like the insulating glass walls of a greenhouse. The greenhouse effect keeps Earth’s climate comfortable. Concept note-3: -Greenhouse gases have far-ranging environmental and health effects. They cause climate change by trapping heat, and they also contribute to respiratory disease from smog and air pollution. Extreme weather, food supply disruptions, and increased wildfires are other effects of climate change caused by greenhouse gases. Concept note-4: -Some atmospheric gases absorb and re-emit infrared energy from the atmosphere down to the Earth’s surface. This process, the greenhouse effect, leads to a mean surface temperature that is 33 °C greater than it would be in its absence. Concept note-5: -The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and some is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 84. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Jeff and his 4 friends ordered pizza. They each ate 1/6 of the pizza. How much of the pizza was leftover? (A) 4/6 (B) 5/6 (C) ** 1/6 (D) 0 EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A pizza has 12 slices and a serving is 1/6 of a pizza, then 12 ÷ 1/6 = 72. Concept note-2: -If a pizza has a total of 8 slices, then a fourth of a pizza is 2 slices. Since each student receives a fourth of a pizza, each student receives 2 slices. Concept note-3: -In our pizza example, we said each slice was 1/8 of the pizza. The denominator was 8, since the pizza was divided into 8 slices. Concept note-4: -While equal pizza slices seem wonderful and cost-efficient in theory, cutting them is not that easy. According to Haddley and Worsley, if you want 12 equal slices, you have to cut six pieces into a curvy star-shape from the center, and then halve those pieces. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 85. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Citizen or Not a Citizen:Marta was born in Milan, Italy but has lived in the US since six months after birth. (A) Citizen (B) ** Not a Citizen EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A. No. Italian citizenship is based on “jure sanguinis” (blood line). As a general rule, foreigners born in Italy are not automatically Italian. Concept note-2: -As from August 16, 1992, Italian citizenship is no longer lost in concomitance with the acquisition of foreign citizenship unless the Italian citi- zens formally renounces it. An Italian citizen can lose citizenship automatically or formally give it up. Concept note-3: -After five years of permanent residency, you can apply for Italian citizenship. To maintain the residence permit, you need to live in the country for at least 183 days a year. Citizenship will be approved if the applicant has spent a total of no more than 10 months abroad in the last five years before applying. Concept note-4: -You can get dual citizenship in USA and Italy if you can prove you have Italian ancestry with a demonstrable unbroken line of citizenship. Since 1992, Italy has allowed dual citizenship with the United States, and you will not need to renounce your American citizenship during the process of applying. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 86. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] During the process of photosynthesis, the plants take in oxygen from the air and let out carbon dioxide. (A) True (B) ** False EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Plants, like animals, take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide during respiration. Only during photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen as a byproduct. Concept note-2: -From the above information we have found that carbon dioxide is not released during photosynthesis. Instead of it oxygen is released. Hence, the correct answer is option (B). Concept note-3: -During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while the carbon dioxide is reduced, meaning it gains electrons. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glu- cose. Concept note-4: -A new study involving ANU and international collaborators has found plants release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere through respira- tion than expected. Plants use photosynthesis to capture carbon dioxide and then release half of it into the atmosphere through respiration. Concept note-5: -During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and oxygen is released as a byproduct. Plants prepare their food from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 87. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] If y varies directly as x, then doubling x will cause y to double as well. (A) ** True (B) False (C) Cannot be determined EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -And we can determine the factor change of y by substituting 2 for the the factor change of x. So, when x is doubled, y is quadrupled. Concept note-2: -and hence z will also be doubled. Concept note-3: -(Some textbooks describe direct variation by saying “ y varies directly as x “, “ y varies proportionally as x “, or “ y is directly proportional to x . “) This means that as x increases, y increases and as x decreases, y decreases-and that the ratio between them always stays the same. Concept note-4: -This constant is called the constant of proportionality. Doubling the x variable, would also double the y variable . If we double the z, the y will also double. But if we double both x and z, then y gets quadrupled. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 88. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] For a field trip, four students rode in cars and the rest filled nine buses. How many students were in each bus if 472 students went on the trip? (A) 38 (B) 45 (C) 48 (D) ** 52 Previous Next Previous Next
  • 89. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] C12H22O11 represents a (A) Amino Acid (B) ** disaccharide (C) Glycerol (D) Fatty Acid EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Sucrose is a molecule composed of two monosaccharides, namely glucose and fructose. This non-reducing disaccharide has a chemical formula of C12H22O11. Sucrose is commonly referred to as table sugar or cane sugar. Concept note-2: -Sucrose (common name: table sugar, also called saccharose) is a disaccharide (glucose + fructose) with the molecular formula C12H22O11. Concept note-3: -●20 Sucrose (C12H22O11) is also known as table sugar. What is the smallest unit of sugar that maintains the chemical character. Page 1. ●20 Sucrose (C12H22O11) is also known as. table sugar. Concept note-4: -The three major disaccharides are sucrose, lactose, and maltose. Concept note-5: -Sucrose is a disaccharide consisting of one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule, or 50% glucose and 50% fructose. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 90. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] A model used by evolutionary biologist to represent evolutionary history among species is called a (A) family tree (B) ** cladogram (C) histogram (D) phylogram EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -A cladogram is an evolutionary tree that diagrams the ancestral relationships among organisms. In the past, cladograms were drawn based on similarities in phenotypes or physical traits among organisms. Today, similarities in DNA sequences among organisms can also be used to draw cladograms. Concept note-2: -A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms. Concept note-3: -Cladograms are diagrams which depict the relationships between different groups of taxa called “clades”. By depicting these relationships, cladograms reconstruct the evolutionary history (phylogeny) of the taxa. Cladograms can also be called “phylogenies” or “trees”. Concept note-4: -Scientists use cladograms to propose and ask questions about the evolutionary relationships between different species. By giving weigh to de- rived characters and recognizing ancestral characteristics, scientists can compare different phylogenies of the same groups of organisms. Concept note-5: -The terms evolutionary tree, phylogenetic tree, and cladogram are often used interchangeably to mean the same thing-that is, the evolutionary relationships among taxa. The term dendrogram is also used interchangeably with cladogram, although there are subtle differences, discussed in Chapter 9. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 91. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] What is a species? (A) ** A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring. (B) A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other. (C) A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile. (D) Indivual organisms that live in the same environment. EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -According to the most widely used species definition, the biological species concept, a species is a group of organisms that can potentially inter- breed, or mate, with one another to produce viable, fertile offspring. In this definition, members of the same species must have the potential to interbreed. Previous Next Previous Next
  • 92. EDUCATION FOR ALL The MCQ hub PEDAGOGY GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT [SOURCES] Fossil records can be studied to determine how organisms change through time. Which of the following methods for studying organisms could LEAST likely be accomplished by studying fossil record? (A) determining when extinction of species occurred (B) comparing homologous structures of organisms (C) ** comparing sleep patterns of organisms (D) dating organisms by the relative order of their fossils EXPLANATIONS BELOW Concept note-1: -Answer. Comparing sleep patterns of organisms is used for studying organisms could least likely be accomplished by studying the fossil record. Concept note-2: -Fossils provide solid evidence that organisms from the past are not the same as those found today; fossils show a progression of evolution. Fos- sils, along with the comparative anatomy of present-day organisms, constitute the morphological, or anatomical, record. Concept note-3: -Fossils, or preserved parts of organisms from the distant past, have shown that species change over time. Radiometric dating can be used to de- termine the age of fossils by measuring the how much of the radioactive materials in each rock layer have broken down. Concept note-4: -They say the fossil record fails to show what are called “transitional forms, ” generally the in-between stages as one type of creature evolved into another. Concept note-5: -Explanation: By looking at fossils, one is able analyze the physical structures of past organisms, many which have since gone extinct. You are able to see how old these organisms were/what eras they lived in by using relative dating. Previous Next Previous Next