1) The document presents an automated waste segregation system using a PLC that separates dry waste into bins for materials like glass, paper, metals, and plastics. 2) Sensors on a conveyor belt detect waste items and the PLC controls mechanisms like a vacuum chamber, blower, and magnetic roller to separate materials into different bins. 3) The system is intended to help manage increasing waste more efficiently at the municipal level by reducing labor costs and segregating materials for potential reuse.

1. PROJECT TITLE
AUTOMATION OF WASTE
SEGREGATION SYSTEM
USING PLC
SUBMIT BY
M.LOGESHWARAN
N.LOKESH
S.SANJAY PRIYAN
K.SARAVANAN
E.T.SRINIVASAN
U.YUVARAJ

2. ABSTRACT
 With the growing population rate, the amount of waste being produced is also increasing at a
very faster rate.
 It is also posing a very serious problem at the municipal level to manage the wastes being
dumped everywhere as landfill waste.
 So, it is very crucial to have some system to manage waste automatically which is currently not
there.
 This Project Shows method where the provision is given to separate out dry waste into
respective bins by the various separating methods like using magnetic roller, vacuum champer,
Air blower, sensors incorporated along the conveyor belt on which initially waste is moving.
 Materials of glass, paper, metallic materials, and plastics are separated out from proposed
work.
 We are using programmable logic controller (PLC) as main component and proposed system is
simulated using PLC.

3. AUTOMATED WASTE SEGREGATION
SYSTEM
 the proposed block diagram based on which the interfacing of various inputs and
outputs is done with the PLC.

4. COMPONENTS USED
A. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
B. IR Sensor
C. Vacuum Champer
D. Blower
E. Magnetic Roller

5. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC
CONTROLLER (PLC)
 Siemens PLC works as the core of the
project.
 It has control over all other elements used.
 The main function of it is to acquire the
signals from the input and perform certain
actions as the output.
 The software used for programming this
Siemens PLC of Step 7 miccrowin.

6. IR SENSOR
 The main motto of this sensor is
used to detect the presence of
any object on the conveyor belt
by emitting the infrared
radiations.
 When the object is detected, it
will signal the PLC to start the
conveyor if the start button is
made on already.

7. CONVEYOR BELT
 A continuously moving conveyor belt is used to
which the different object detecting sensors are
attached.
 The materials move over this and are put into
respective bins after the sensing mechanism is
over with the help of vacuum cleaner and magnetic
roller.
 High speed fan is also used in the midway to
sense the plastic.

8. VACUUM CHAMPER
 The major working of vacuum motor is to segregate the paper wastages from the
conveyor flow we used flexible duct to collect wastages and saved in the
collection bin.
 where we used certain height from the conveyor belt and supporting is provided
where to match the suction pressure of motor to waste paper by controlling the
voltage of motor using “Auto transformer” the correct pressure found suction of
pressure is method at the voltages of (120v) and the controlling of (PLC) and
single transmitted through Relay and motor controlled to remove wastages.

9. BLOWER
 Major working of Blower motor is to segregate the plastic wastages where blowing
high pressure of air to move the plastic wastages from the conveyor belt the
correct pressure required to move the plastic only from the flow.
 Speed of blower is controlled by variable speed switch to match the pressure to
move the waste of plastic so we selected the (3rd, position) had correct pressure
to move plastic wastages by receiving the control signal from the (PLC), (Relay
switch is controlled) then switching of blower is controlled.

10. MAGNET ROLLER
 A magnet is a material that generates a magnetic field.
 This magnetic field is invisible but is responsible or defines the property of the
magnet that attracts irons material.
 To separate out metal waste from mixed waste we use permanent magnet which
is place inside the hopper and due to these metal parts attracted towards the
magnet inside the hopper and stick to the magnet.

11. RELAY
 A relay is an electrically operated switch.
 Relays are used where it is necessary to
control a circuit by an independent low-power
signal, or where several circuits must be
controlled by one signal.
 Relays were used extensively in telephone
exchanges and early computers to perform
logical operations.

12. FLOW CHART

13. COLOUR CODEING OF WASTE

14. PROJECT MODEL

15. BENEFIT OF WASTE SEPARATION

16. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE
 In this paper, we proposed an automatic waste segregating system using the PLC.
The system separates out dry waste along with few dry.
 components detection and separation.
 This system can be implemented at the municipal level or in some small scale
industries to segregate out the metallic, plastic, glass and paper wastes more
efficiently at an affordable cost.
 Use of PLC has added advantages like reduction in manpower with improved
accuracy and speed of waste management, also avoiding the risk of working at
hazardous places.
 In Future, the work can be implemented by making use of a robotic arm to pick
and place certain materials which can be re-used.
 Also, limit sensors can be placed at the top of each of the collecting bins to unload
them when they are full.