Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
This research presents a very important industrial issue of controlling the production target, despite changing loads. Engines of various types, whether synchronous or synchronous, operate on single and three phase AC, DC motors or special motors such as stepper and servo. In all these motors, the speed control of the torque and speed of the above motors has gained considerable importance. There are three main ways reviewed in the current search, the second that completes the previous research referred to in the references. The three methods are PID method, LQR method and feeding –forward control methods. A real DC motor was used in electrical engineering machine laboratory at University of Diyala, Iraq. Where the actual parameters of the DC motor were actually calculated. The practical parameters were then integrated into the three control method Matlab codes for the purpose of comparing the results and representing the motor performance in the indicated control methods.
In industrial electric drive systems, it is common to find objects that need to solve the problem of angular position control, moving the object from one position to another asymptotically with no over-correction and guarantee. calculation of maximum fast impact. This is a multi-target optimization problem with many different solutions. This paper presents a method of constructing a PMSM motor position controller with a variable structure using dSPACE 1104 card. The system consists of a position control loop with a variable structure that is an outer loop and a speed control loop degree is the inner loop. In which, the speed adjustment loop uses adaptive law to compensate for uncertain functions and build a sliding mode observation to estimate load torque, friction and noise. The results of the simulation study were verified on Matlab-Simulink environment and experimented on dSPACE 1104 card to check the correctness of the built controller algorithm. The research results in the paper are the basis for the evaluation and setting up of control algorithms, design of electric drive systems in industry and the military.
This research presents a very important industrial issue of controlling the production target, despite changing loads. Engines of various types, whether synchronous or synchronous, operate on single and three phase AC, DC motors or special motors such as stepper and servo. In all these motors, the speed control of the torque and speed of the above motors has gained considerable importance. There are three main ways reviewed in the current search, the second that completes the previous research referred to in the references. The three methods are PID method, LQR method and feeding –forward control methods. A real DC motor was used in electrical engineering machine laboratory at University of Diyala, Iraq. Where the actual parameters of the DC motor were actually calculated. The practical parameters were then integrated into the three control method Matlab codes for the purpose of comparing the results and representing the motor performance in the indicated control methods.
In industrial electric drive systems, it is common to find objects that need to solve the problem of angular position control, moving the object from one position to another asymptotically with no over-correction and guarantee. calculation of maximum fast impact. This is a multi-target optimization problem with many different solutions. This paper presents a method of constructing a PMSM motor position controller with a variable structure using dSPACE 1104 card. The system consists of a position control loop with a variable structure that is an outer loop and a speed control loop degree is the inner loop. In which, the speed adjustment loop uses adaptive law to compensate for uncertain functions and build a sliding mode observation to estimate load torque, friction and noise. The results of the simulation study were verified on Matlab-Simulink environment and experimented on dSPACE 1104 card to check the correctness of the built controller algorithm. The research results in the paper are the basis for the evaluation and setting up of control algorithms, design of electric drive systems in industry and the military.
Sollicitatie tips Nederlandse CarrièredagenAnton Gathier
Sollicitatie tips en elevator pitch presentatie zoals gegeven door Anton Gathier van de Rijksoverheid op de Nederlandse Carrièredagen, 27 november in Utrecht
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Sollicitatie tips Nederlandse CarrièredagenAnton Gathier
Sollicitatie tips en elevator pitch presentatie zoals gegeven door Anton Gathier van de Rijksoverheid op de Nederlandse Carrièredagen, 27 november in Utrecht
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
PC Based Industrial Automation With AVR Atmega 16 - Project ReportRobo India
Robo India Presents A project Report on PC Based Industrial Automation using AVR family's Atmel Atmega 16 microcontroller.
It uses Serial communication technology to communicate between PC and embedded system.
You will learn following aspects-
1. serial communication
2. Input output programming
3. Embedded system
4. AVR atmega 16
6. Controlling
This report also contains complete codding of the project.
Automation or automatic control is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat treating ovens, switching in telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications with minimal or reduced human intervention. Some processes have been completely automated.
The biggest benefit of automation is that it saves labour, however, it is also used to save energy and materials and to improve quality, accuracy and precision.
Please share your views and queries, we are found at-
Website- http://roboindia.com
mail- info@roboindia.com
Enhancing the Performance of An Industrial Boiler Using Fuzzy Logic ControllerIJMREMJournal
This paper focus on the performance of an industrial boiler using fuzzy logic controller. The parameter of the
various industrial boilers are subjected to the change due to change in the environment or atmosphere. These
parameter may be categorized as steam, pressure and temperature of the industrial boiler in use. In this paper
work, a strategy of fuzzy logic controller called fuzzy supervisory is used which generates set points for the
conventional controllers. This work also compared the performance of a boiler evaporator system when the
system is controlled by a traditional proportional integral derivatives type strategy and when the system is
controlled using fuzzy logic blocs to provide set point for it. The main change consists of representing only the
behaviour of the drum evaporator system having a partial model of the combustion process with a simplified
combustion control system and a three element boiler feed water receives a supervisory signal that comes from
fuzzy logic to improve the performance of the overall control system.
Enhancing the Performance of An Industrial Boiler Using Fuzzy Logic ControllerIJMREMJournal
This paper focus on the performance of an industrial boiler using fuzzy logic controller. The parameter of the
various industrial boilers are subjected to the change due to change in the environment or atmosphere. These
parameter may be categorized as steam, pressure and temperature of the industrial boiler in use. In this paper
work, a strategy of fuzzy logic controller called fuzzy supervisory is used which generates set points for the
conventional controllers. This work also compared the performance of a boiler evaporator system when the
system is controlled by a traditional proportional integral derivatives type strategy and when the system is
controlled using fuzzy logic blocs to provide set point for it. The main change consists of representing only the
behaviour of the drum evaporator system having a partial model of the combustion process with a simplified
combustion control system and a three element boiler feed water receives a supervisory signal that comes from
fuzzy logic to improve the performance of the overall control system.
Design a WSN Control System for Filter Backwashing ProcessIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Day by day, there is a higher rate of need for accurate automation system to be used in industries and environment monitoring and control. In water treatment plants during the filtration phase, there is a process called backwashing, which particles suspended in the filter basin are removed. in this process the water are forcedly pumped through the filter in upward direction at enough speed to expand the filter media. Therefore, various types of valves used, which are opened and closed in a time sequencing manner. The paper proposed an automation control system for the backwashing process to be initiated and completed automatically using PLC, level sensors and valves installed inside the filter basin. Practically, a control system has been applied which all valves are opened and closed according to wireless signals coming from PLCs on its suitable time. In summary, the control in the process demonstrated that the proposed system is efficient, effective, and able to be reliable. Besides, the results increase the productivity at a low-cost mode.
Design and Implementation of Microcontroller Based SelfSwitching Control and ...IJERA Editor
This paper apprises reader with a unique, modular and comprehensive control system designed using embedded
systems approach (microcontroller based), primarily for efficient use of twin (two or couple of) pumps working
simultaneously in a given environment while constantly monitoring critical parameters such as current, voltage,
temperature, water level in reservoir etc. for protection purposes. Though this control system is developed for
pumps, it can be seamlessly adapted for controlling similar loads. We have developed the system using
ATMmega-32 microcontroller of AVR family. The critical parameters were monitored using ADC port (analogto-digital-converter
port) of the microcontroller. Motivation behind developing this system was to replace
classical „dedicated integrated circuit‟ based control system with more intelligent, compact, programmable and
upgradable system besides lowering its cost aspects, using „embedded systems‟.
IOT- UNIT 2-COMPONENTS IN INTERNET OF THINGSbinuvijay1
Functional Blocks of an IoT Ecosystem
Sensors, Actuators, and Smart Objects
Control Units
Communication modules (Bluetooth, Zigbee, Wifi, GPS, GSM Modules)
Presentation on Industrial Automation by Vivek Atalkar Vivek Atalkar
Industrial automation is the use of technology and control systems to operate, monitor, and optimize industrial processes, machinery, and equipment. It involves the use of various technologies, including programmable logic controllers (PLCs), sensors, and robotics, to automate repetitive and complex tasks, improve efficiency, and reduce costs.
The primary benefit of industrial automation is improved productivity. By automating repetitive tasks, machines can work faster and more accurately, leading to increased output and lower production costs. Automation can also lead to better quality control, reducing defects and waste. Industrial automation can also help businesses to save on labor costs, as machines can perform tasks that would otherwise require human labor.
Another significant benefit of industrial automation is increased safety. Automation can help to reduce the risk of injury to workers by performing hazardous tasks or operating in dangerous environments. It can also help to reduce the risk of human error, which can lead to accidents and injuries.
There are several types of industrial automation, including process automation, discrete automation, and hybrid automation. Process automation involves controlling the flow of materials and products through a manufacturing process. This type of automation is commonly used in chemical plants, food processing, and other industries where there is a continuous flow of materials.
Discrete automation involves controlling individual machines or components, such as robotic arms, conveyors, or assembly lines. This type of automation is commonly used in automotive manufacturing, electronics, and other industries where there is a need to perform specific tasks.
Hybrid automation involves combining process and discrete automation to optimize production. This type of automation is commonly used in industries such as aerospace, defense, and medical device manufacturing, where there is a need to balance the efficiency of the manufacturing process with the precision and accuracy required to produce complex products.
Industrial automation also offers several advantages beyond increased productivity, safety, and quality control. It can help to improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact by optimizing the use of resources such as water, electricity, and raw materials. Automation can also improve data collection and analysis, providing valuable insights into production processes that can help to identify areas for improvement and optimize performance.
In recent years, industrial automation has become increasingly accessible to smaller businesses, thanks to advancements in technology and the availability of off-the-shelf automation solutions. As a result, industrial automation is no longer just for large corporations with vast resources, but is becoming more widely adopted across a range of industries and business sizes.
Fuzzy based control using labview for miso temperature processeSAT Journals
Abstract This project aims at designing and implementing a fuzzy controller for Multiple Input Single Output temperature process. Temperature control of water in the tank is achieved by varying current to the heating rod and inlet flow rate by a fuzzy controller. The system consists of a tank, reservoir, variable speed pump, temperature sensor placed inside a heating tank containing the heating rod, voltage controlled current source and computer. Water is pumped into the tank from reservoir and RTD measures the current temperature. The signal from the temperature sensor is sent to the DAQ interfaced to the computer. LabVIEW software is used to acquire the input signal and send the output signal that is determined by the control algorithm. Fuzzy logic controller is designed in LabVIEW. Based on the set point temperature, the controller sets the appropriate current to the heating rod. If the required temperature is less than that sensed by the temperature sensor, the flow rate of water into the tank is controlled by a variable speed pump. While conventional controllers are analytically described by a set of equations, the FLC is described by a knowledge-based algorithm. Thus this system is highly efficient in both heating and reducing the temperature of the tank. A fuzzy logic controller gives faster response, is more reliable and recovers quickly from system upsets. It also works well to uncertainties in the process variables and it does not require mathematical modelling.
Fuzzy based control using lab view for miso temperature processeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Similar to Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science (20)
Fuzzy based control using lab view for miso temperature process
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science
1. RESEARCH INVENTY: International Journal Of Engineering And Science
ISSN: 2278-4721, Vol.2, Issue 2 (January 2013), PP 01-04
Www.Researchinventy.Com
Microcontrolled Separating Machine
1,
Santos, E.F., 2,Rangel, R., 3,Andrés, W., 4,Tomazine, M., 5,Molina, P.J.
1
(UNIFESP - Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil )
2
(FIJ - AEDU, Anhanguera College of Jacareí, Jacareí, Brazil
Abstract - The central idea of this work is to present the prototype of a machine that separates spheres by
weight. This separation is performed by a device that takes the measurement of the weight of two types of
spheres of same volume and dimension, in a dynamic and continuous way, and using a microcontroller,
separates them into two different containers according to their weight. The spheres are initially mixed in a single
container (silo) and the device transfers one sphere at a time, synchronously and in an organized manner. At the
same time, the equipment analyzes and verifies the weight of each sphere through a system that monitors the
electrical current of a traction motor, where the spheres are then directed into two types of containers according
to their respective weight..
Keywords - microcontroller, timing system, detection system, separating system
I. INTRODUCTION TO CONTROL SYS TEMS
This paper presents, in a very simp le manner, a co mmon industrial automat ion practice by using
concepts that can be applied to a wide range of industries that require reliability, speed and precise control of
variables. We intend to insert these concepts in the construction and programming of an auto mated machine that
separates spheres of different weight into different containers.
1.1. Control System
A control system is basically co mposed of an input/output (I/O) [1]. The system to be controlled is
generally called p rocess or plant. The process is a dynamic system, in other words, its behavior is
mathematically described by a set of differential equations. The process input is called either control variable or
man ipulated variable (M V); and the process output is called the controlled variable or process variable (PV).
The basic philosophy of a control system consists in applying suitable signals at the process input in order to
make the output signal meet certain specifications and/or provide a particular behavior. A control problem
consists in determin ing the appropriate signal to be applied based on the desired output and knowle dge of the
process. There are various types of controllers currently available to help develop a control system, among
which, the programmab le logic controllers and microcontrollers stand out.
In a nutshell, we can define the microcontroller as a "small" electronic co mponent, endowed with a
programmab le "intelligence" that is used in any logic process control. This process control must be understood
as the control of peripheral devices such as LEDs, buttons, display segments, liquid crystal displays (LCD),
resistors, relays, a variety of sensors (pressure, temperature, etc..) and many others. The system operation of
logic controls is based on the logical sequence of actions that must take place depending on the state of input
and/or output devices.
1.2. Microcontrollers
As previously discussed, Microcontrollers are programmab le, since all the logical operation is
structured in the form of a program and stored within the component. Thereafter, whenever the microcontroller
is powered up, the internal program will run. As for the "intelligence" of the component, it can be associated to
the Arithmetic Logic Unit (A LU), because it is within this unit that all mathematical and logical operations are
performed. The mo re powerful the ALU co mponent is, the greater its ability to process information will be [2].
Within this definition, the microcontroller even earns the adjective "small", because in a single
encapsulated silicon wafer (popularly known as IC or ch ip) is found all the co mponents necessary to control a
process, that is, the microcontroller is provided internally with program memory, data memory, input and/or
parallel outputs ports, timers, counters, serial co mmunicat ion, PWMs, analog -digital converters, etc. This is a
1
2. Microcontrolled Separating Machine
fundamental feature that sets microcontrollers apart fro m microprocessors, for the latter, despite having a much
more powerful A LU, do not have all these features in a single chip [3].
Today, many equip ment of daily use, such as household appliances, videotape players, alarms, cell
phones and toys, among others, use microcontrollers to perform their basic functions [4].
1.3. Sensors
A sensor is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into variations of some
measurable electrical quantity, providing as a result an output signal that is proportional to the variation of this
quantity. They can also directly transform one form of energy into another; in this case they are called
transducers. The purpose of the output signal of a sensor is only to indicate a measurement or a condition, and
hence is not a high power signal. Sensors can change any of their electrical characteristics such as resistance,
capacitance or inductance, driven by changes in the quantity; this can happen proportionally, linearly or not
linearly, and in the latter case its use may be restricted to a certain region of variat ion of the physical quantity,
outside of which there will not be sufficient linearity. The sensor signal can be used to detect the presence of a
material, measure a physical quantity and also to assist in this task [5].
1.4. Actuators
Actuators are devices that are activated to perform a given displacement force or other physical action
that is defined by the controlled system through a control action (the way through which the controller produces
the control signal). Actuators can be magnetic, hydraulic, pneumatic, electric or of mixed actuation. Examp les
are valves, pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders, electric motors, heaters, among others [6].
I. PURPOSE O F THIS WORK
The work presented here has as main objective the development of an automated system that performs
the process of separating spheres of different weights. As for the specific purpose, the development of the
project will use concepts that feature the application of knowledge acquired in the Mecha tronics Engineering
major, such as physics, electronics and computer science. In addition to applying general concepts of the course,
this project serves as the basis for the development of other industrial auto mation projects.
II. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
As mentioned above, what is interesting about the fact of separating spheres using a micro controlled
mach ine is that this machine was mechanically designed and developed to work exclusively with 40 mm
diameter spherical objects. During the simulat ions performed by the prototype presented, table tennis “balls”,
better known as “Ping-Pong balls” were used as the default size of potential spheres to be inspected by the
mach ine. To differentiate the weight between them, spheres with 2.7g of mass were used for the gro up of lower
weight and to simulate the ones with higher weight, some were filled with liquid thus reaching a mass of 25
grams. Nevertheless, the concept used in this project can be applied to any type of product or article where
separation by weight is required. The system itself is fairly simple, however is imbued with a comp lex
synchronization control between motors and a logical sequence that is also found in many applications that use
position control such as the control of a motor that drives an elevator, control of a winding machine, position
control of synchronous belts, etc.
The process of the machine starts at a small container called silo where many spheres are stored. When
the system is turned on, an element called loader tries to synchronously deliver the spheres one by one into the
basket of the transfer wheel. When the sphere is transferred to the basket, the system detects whether there is an
increment or not of electrical current in the motor of the transfer wheel that exceeds the value set in the
microcontroller (set point). If there is an increase, the system detects a sphere of greater weight and this will be
deposited in its own container. If no increase is detected, the system interprets it as a sphere of smaller weight
and it will allocate it in a second container.
To carry out this type of work, the system has as a fundamental principle the control of the following
variables, which are inherent in the timing between loader and transfer wheel: angular velocity of the transfer
wheel, angular velocity of the loader, the angular position of the transfer wheel and angular position of the
loader.Likewise, for the overweight detection of spheres that have less mass, 2.7 grams, in relation to the ones
with larger mass, 25 grams, the variab le to be monitored is the electrical current of the transfer wheel
motor.Note that these are the key variables for the operation principle of the project. Some other variables must
also be monitored and controlled such as time cadence between baskets, work spee d and traction force
mo mentu m.
2
3. Microcontrolled Separating Machine
III. PROTOTYPE
For ideal operation, the project was divided into 3 parts: Synchronization system, detection system and
deviation system:
4.1. Synchronization System
This is the control portion of the system that is responsible for the timing between loader and transfer
wheel. It is given by encoders, referencing sensors and DC motors that synchronize the rotation signals (Figure
1).
Figure 1 – Synchronization system
4.2. Detection System
Analyzes and checks the weight of each sphere. It is composed of a shunt circuit and a comparator
circuit that emits an output signal when the shunt signal exceeds the set reference (Figure 2).
Figure 2 – Co mparison of the output signals
4.3. Devi ati on System
Performs the logic of separation by counting the steps, then emitt ing a deviation signal (Figure 3).
Figure 3 – Timing of deviat ion.
3
4. Microcontrolled Separating Machine
In order to achieve the objective of the proposed design, a series of evaluations was carried out to show the
automation performance of the process of sphere separation by weight in the prototype shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4 – Prototype tested
IV. CONCLUS ION
In developing this project we obtain results that were both practical and representative as to the purpose
of achieving the separation of spheres by the recognition of their respective weight. Ho wever, despite the project
not having any commercial purposes, except that of teaching, it can be technically proven that the use of
monitored electrical current in electric motors, provided that there are proper calibration parameters and
mechanical arrangements, can also be a viable alternative in automated industrial processes for the reading and
sensorial analysis of physical quantities of not only mass and weight, but also force, torque, pressure, among
others. Moreover, the gathering of electrical current informat ion and the potential use of this signal has become
extremely simple, since today, there are numerous equipment dedicated to this purpose in the automation
industry.
REFERENCES
[1] WINDERSON, E.S; SILVEIRA, P.R. Automation and discrete control. 9th edition. São Paulo: Erica, 2010.
[2] TAVERNIER, C. PIC Microcontrollers. Second edition. Madrid: Paraninfo, 2001.
[3] PEREIRA, F. Microcontroller - Programming in C. 3rd Edition. São Paulo: Erica. 2009
[4] SOUZA, D.J. Pioneering the PIC. 3rd Edition. São Paulo: Erica, 2001.
[5] WILERSON, S. Industrial Sensors: Theoretical concepts and practical applications. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Papel Virtual (Virtual
Paper Publishing house), 2004.
[6] SIGHIERI, L; NISHIERI, A. Automatic Control of Industrial Processes: Instrumentation. 2nd edition. São Paulo: Editora Edgard
Blücher Ltda.1970.
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