Chapter 1 globalization and localization

1. NAME : NOR HASHIMAH BINTI NOR HISHAM
CLASS : DPI 3A
SEMESTER : 3
LECTURER’S NAME: ENCIK MOHD NORULHISYAM BIN
HASSAN
TOPIC : GLOBALIZATION AND
LOCALIZATION

2. Contents
NO TOPICS PAGE
1 i. What is globalization?
ii. Cultural globalization
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2 Political globalization 2
3 Anti-globalization movement 3
4 Globalization characteristics 4
5 Positive aspects to globalization 5
6 Negative aspects to globalization 6

3. What is globalization
 Refers to the free movement of goods, capital, services, people, technology and
information.
Cultural globalization
 Refers to the transmission of ideas, meanings, and values around the world in such
a way as to extend and intensify social relations.
 Cultural globalization involves the formation of shared norms and knowledge with
which people associate their individual and collective cultural identities.
 Cultural globalization has increased cross-cultural contacts, but may be
accompanied by a decrease in the uniqueness of once-isolated communities.
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4.  Religions were among the earliest cultural elements to globalize, being spread by
force, migration, evangelists, imperialists, and traders.
 Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and more recently sects such as Mormonism are
among those religions which have taken root and influenced endemic cultures in
places far from their origins.
Political globalization
 Globalization may ultimately reduce the importance of nation states.
 Intergovernmentalism is a term in political science with two meanings.
a) refers to a theory of regional integration originally proposed by Stanley
Hoffmann.
b) the second treats states and the national government as the primary factors for
integration. Multi-level governance is an approach in political science and public
administration theory that originated from studies on European integration.
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5. Anti-globalization movement
 Anti-globalization, or counter-globalization, consists of a number of criticisms of
globalization but, in general, is critical of the globalization of corporate capitalism.
 The movement is also commonly referred to as the alter-globalization movement, anti-
globalist movement, anti-corporate globalization movement, or movement
against neoliberal globalization.
 Opponents of globalization argue that there is unequal power and respect in terms of
international trade between the developed and underdeveloped countries of the world.
Is globalization a good thing ?
 There is an intense debate about the true effects of globalisation and if it really such a
good thing.
 Good or bad, though, there isn’t much argument as to whether or not it is happening.
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6. Globalization characteristics
• Free trade
• Free trade between countries :- absence of excessive governmental control over trade.
• Globalization of Economic activities
• Control of economic activities by domestic market and international market ; coordination
of national economy and world economy.
• Integration of nation-states across the world by common economic, commercial, political,
cultural and technological ties; creation of a new world order with no national boundaries.
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7. Positive aspect to globalization
• As more money is flowed in to developing countries, there is a greater chance for the
people in those countries to economically succeed and increase their standard of living.
• Global competition encourages creativity and innovation.
• Governments are able to better work together towards common goals now that there is
an advantage in cooperation, an improved ability to interact and coordinate, and a global
awareness of issues.
• There is a greater access to foreign culture in the form of movies, music, food, clothing
and more.
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8. Negative aspects to globalization
• Outsourcing while it provides jobs to a population in one country , takes away those jobs
from another country , leaving many without opportunities.
• There may be a greater chance of disease spreading worldwide, as well as invasive
species that could prove devastating in non-native ecosystems.
• There is little international regulation, an unfortunate fact that could have horrible
consequences for the safety of people and the environment.
What is localization ?
 Localization is the process of adapting a product or content to a specific locale or
market.
 to give a product the look and feel of having been created specifically for a target
market, no matter their language, culture, or location.
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