Leyte had the highest number of farms and coconut is the dominant crop. Palay is the major temporary crop and chicken and hog raising are also significant agricultural activities. There was an increase in palay production from 2002-2008 but the value of crop production declined in 2010. Infrastructure like irrigation systems and markets are being developed to support agriculture, livestock, and fisheries. However, the region has fewer non-residential establishments compared to other regions, and agriculture is the least productive industry. Educational indicators are improving but literacy remains the lowest in the Visayas.

10. Some facts:
1. Leyte had the highest number of farms in 2002
2. COCONUT is the dominant permanent crop
3. PALAY is the major temporary crop
4. Chicken and hog raising dominates the poultry and
livestock raising activity, respectively.
5. Importance of communal system of irrigation

12. Implications:
• From 2002 up to 2008, there has been a
continuous increase in the production of
palay.
• However, a negative growth rate of value
production in crops (at constant prices), -0.15
has been recorded by the NSCB in 2010.

14. Agricultural Situation as of June, 2011:
1. Crops:
- Some areas in the southern part of the region barely recovered from the previous quarter's
flooding (Bebeng, Chedeng, Egay, Falcon)
- unrepaired irrigation systems
2. Livestock and Poultry:
- Still relying on supplies from other regions
- Artificial insemination of cattle, hog and carabao in the south-western part of the region
3. Fisheries:
- Prices of fishery and marine products were higher than normal due to limited supply and
local importation.
4. Infrastructure Development, Programs, Policies and Government Interventions
- A newly constructed wet and dry market in Bato, Leyte, now open for occupants.
- Construction of farm to market roads in some barangays on the southern part of the
region was on-going.
- The LGU in Tabango, Leyte, launched the new goat market and trading center. The said
activity aimed to increase awareness on livestock farming through upgraded bred line raised
locally.
5. Weather Situation
- Scattered moderate to heavy rains occurred during the early part of the reference period
but generally warm and sunny weather prevailed throughout the month.

16. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS BUILT:
Province/Major Industry Division 2002 2003 2004 2005 2007
Region VIII 21,103 21,109 20,784 20,777 20,764
Agriculture, Hunting & Forestry 96 100 103 90 93
Fishery 84 87 87 115 113
Mining and Quarrying 2 a a a a
Manufacturing 3,634 3,635 3,700 3,704 3,703
Electricity, Gas and Water 67 67 58 68 68
Construction 72 70 68 65 66
Wholesale and Retail Trade 11,776 11,781 11,227 11,007 10,999
Hotels and Restaurants 1,892 1,892 2,002 2,105 2,106
Transport, Storage and Communication 581 592 377 372 367
Financial Intermediation 424 425 473 500 490
Real Estate, Renting & Business
588 588 726 780 783
Services
Education 201 205 213 219 224
Health and Social Work 382 381 404 434 434
Other Community, Social & Personal
1,304 1,286 1,346 1,318 1,318
Services

18. Business Names Registered 1,052 1,969 1,788
(4th Quarter 2010) (3rd Quarter 2010) (2nd Quarter 2010)
Total Revenue Collection P865.5 P964.7 P968.0
(in Million pesos) (1st Quarter 2011) (4th Quarter 2010) (3rd Quarter 2010)

19. Implications of the 2008 Annual Survey of Philippine Business
and Industry (ASPBI) Findings to the Region 8’s Economy:
• Manufacturing Industries ranked first on the Average Revenue per Establishment,
also highest in Average Monthly Compensation and ranked third in terms of
employment. And so the LGUs in the region are encouraged to support the
growth of manufacturing sector.
• Hotels and Restaurants Industry: one of the low performing industries in 2008.
The data, employment and value added for this sector are considered to be
below average.
• More infrastructure support was deemed necessary by the local government to
increase revenue, since the region is located in Central Visayas which is the
tourism belt of the country.
• The survey results also showed that Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery Industry is
the most labor intensive, least productive and one of the lowest-paying
industries in the region.
• There is a need to shift the surplus labor in this sector to manufacturing and agri-
business

21. REGION 6
CONSTRUCTION
(Floor area in square 4th Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
meters; value in P1,000) 2010 2010 2009
Total (number) 1,022 1,043 1,104
Total floor area 194,292 184,916 197,128
Value 1,810,769 1,679,816 2,413,555
Residential (number) 789 805 815
Total floor area 100,626 107,934 95,770
Value 806,097 872,403 763,668
Nonresidential (number) 172 168 150
Total floor area 92,102 73,550 97,727
Value 866,175 566,733 1,482,576
Additions (number) 13 16 22
Total floor area 1,564 3,432 3,631
Value 12,252 31,864 22,135
Alterations/repairs (numb
er) 48 54 117
Value 126,244 208,814 145,174

22. REGION 7
CONSTRUCTION
(Floor area in square 4th Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
meters; value in P1,000) 2010 2010 2009
Total (number) 2,947 2,106 3,663
Total floor area 465,696 338,594 464,705
Value 3,352,705 2,474,053 3,808,877
Residential (number) 2,369 1,628 3,110
Total floor area 267,288 187,717 311,952
Value 1,705,661 1,157,539 2,138,882
Nonresidential (number) 446 365 379
Total floor area 195,372 139,815 137,385
Value 1,487,751 1,183,401 1,505,652
Additions (number) 25 32 32
Total floor area 3,036 11,062 15,368
Value 30,543 77,058 90,527
Alterations/repairs (num
ber) 107 81 142
Value 128,748 56,053 73,814

23. REGION 8: EASTERN VISAYAS
CONSTRUCTION
(Floor area in square meters; 4th Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
value in P1,000) 2010 2010 2009
Total (number) 471 529 615
Total floor area 74,185 74,888 69,597
Value 580,854 543,024 574,672
Residential (number) 332 337 441
Total floor area 40,686 38,729 45,095
Value 276,309 267,806 322,874
Nonresidential (number) 69 103 94
Total floor area 21,503 22,642 22,238
Value 140,916 147,254 202,880
Additions (number) 13 20 20
Total floor area 11,996 13,517 2,264
Value 106,249 75,587 18,822
Alterations/repairs (number) 57 69 60
Value 57,378 52,375 30,096

24. Note:
• Unlike in Regions 6 and 7 which experienced an increasing
rate, the number of non-residential establishments (which
comprises industrial, commercial, educational, health and other
buildings) in region 8 had a sharp decline in the 4th quarter of
2010.
• Also, Region 8 has the lowest number of nonresidential
buildings in the Visayas region.
• Overall, Region has the lowest total number in the
construction and housing sector in Visayas. This could be related
to the issue of poverty in the region.

26. • Increase by 0.7 % (public elementary schools)
• Increase by 1.5% (secondary schools)
• It is the first increase in five years

27. • Northern Samar registered the highest increase in elementary level NER while
Biliran recorded the biggest decline of 1.6%.
• Samar posted the highest increase in secondary level NER while the only province
that experienced a decline was Biliran. (0.2%)

28. • Region 8 has the lowest functional literacy rate in every level in the Visayas region.
• Yet in SY 2004-05, Eastern Visayas topped the National Achievement Test (NAT) in
all subject areas. Considering that the Eastern Visayas region is relatively poor, the
region’s record of topping the NAT is a promising development for the area.

29. NUMBER OF TEACHERS IN GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS BY LEVEL OF EDUCATION AND
DIVISION
SY 2005-2006 to SY 2008-2009
•Source: Department of Education, Region VIII
SY 2005-2006 SY 2006-2007 SY 2007-2008 SY 2008-2009
Division/Level of Education
Gov't. Private Gov't. Private Gov't. Private Gov't. Private
Region VIII
Elementary 21,011 541 21,105 458 21,331 584 21,343 677
Secondary 6,139 1,051 6,298 930 6,572 784 6,646 975
• Fluctuating number of teachers in private schools
through the years
• Private schools have more teachers than government
schools
• The trend in each region is almost the same with the
aggregated data.
• On mass media: Most households use radios than TVs.

32. •Electricity remains as the universal source of energy
•More households preferred the use of conventional fuel: there was a
decrease in the use of fuelwood and charcoal. This reflected the
increase in the accessibility of supply of petroleum products such as
LPG.
•Electricity was widely used across all income levels: all income
classes except households with less than P 5000 average family
income. 80% use fuelwood, charcoal and biomass residue.

34. TEN LEADING CAUSES OF MORTALITY, NUMBER AND RATE, REGION VIII
2003-2007 and 2008
(Rate per 100,000 population)
Source: DOH Center for Health Development - Eastern Visayas
5-Year Average (2003-2007) 2008
Leading Causes
Number Rate Number Rate
1. Cardiovascular
5,114 129.84 5,701 143.98
Diseases
2. Pneumonia 3,658 92.88 3,011 76.04
3. Malignant
1,116 28.34 1,157 29.22
neoplasm/cancer
4. Gastrointestinal
496 12.59 972 24.55
Diseases
5. Accidents 886 22.50 901 22.76
6. Tuberculosis, all
1,116 28.34 838 21.16
forms
7. Pulmonary
803 20.39 714 18.03
Diseases
8. Diabetes
439 11.15 561 14.17
Mellitus
9. Septicemia 395 10.03 504 12.73
10.
482 12.24 449 11.34
Kidney Diseases

35. • Total fertility rate was decreasing.
• Infant mortality rate, as well as under-five mortality rate
is increasing.
• In 2006, there was a large decrease in the maternal
mortality rate which could imply that there was an
improvement in the healthcare for pregnant women.
•The prevalence rate of underweight children decreased,
however, this was still below the MDG target. (necessary
to eradicate poverty)

39. GROWTH RATES AT CONSTANT (1985) PRICES
GROSS REGIONAL DOMESTIC PRODUCT
2007-2008 and 2008-2009
REGION / YEAR 2007-2008 2008-2009
PHILIPPINES 3.7 1.1
NCR METRO MANILA 4.7 (0.4)
CAR CORDILLERA 1.7 2.0
I ILOCOS 2.0 (1.0)
II CAGAYAN VALLEY 1.7 1.9
III CENTRAL LUZON 3.7 (1.4)
IVA CALABARZON 1.9 (1.6)
IVB MIMAROPA 3.0 0.8
V BICOL 4.1 8.2
VI WESTERN VISAYAS 4.3 5.9
VII CENTRAL VISAYAS 3.3 0.8
VIII EASTERN VISAYAS 3.4 1.8
IX ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA 2.0 6.8
X NORTHERN MINDANAO 5.2 2.9
XI DAVAO REGION 3.7 5.4
XII SOCCSKSARGEN 4.5 1.3
ARMM MUSLIM MINDANAO 1.6 2.6
XIII CARAGA 2.7 2.7
There was an economic slow down in 2009. It only posted a 1.8% increase
compared to the previous year’s 3.4% growth rate. (due to reversal in
growth of the agricultural and fisheries sector)

40. • Poverty incidence of population increased by 2.4%

41. GROWTH RATES IN DIFFERENT
SECTORS
SERVICE SECTOR
AFF SECTOR
INDUSTRY SECTOR

43. EMPLOYMENT RATE ESTIMATED April April
AT 92.8 PERCENT IN APRIL 2011 Philippines
2011 1/ 2010
•2.9 million persons were unemployed in
April 2011 (ACROSS EDUCATIONAL Population 15
GROUPS, MOST OF THEM ARE HIGH years and over (in 61,778 60,561
SCHOOL GRADUATES) '000)
• Bulk of the employed persons are in the Labor Force
services sector (wholesale and retail) Participation Rate 64.2 63.6
comprising more than half of the total (%)
employed population
SERVICES: 51.7 Employment
AGRI: 33 Rate (%)
92.8 92.0
INDUSTRY: 15.3
Unemployment
Rate (%)
7.2 8.0
•Employed persons fall into any of these
categories: wage and salary workers, self-
employed without any paid employee,
employer in own family-operated farm or Underemployment
Rate (%) 19.4 17.8
business and worked without pay in own
family-operated farm or business.

45. • Small annual population growth rate relative to its neighboring regions;
• But lower population density.

46. OTHER FACTS:
1.Over half of the population were in
economically active age group
2.Half of the population were below 20 years of
age
3.Sex ratio recorded at 104 (104 males for every
100 females)
4.93% of the population were Roman Catholic
5.Nine in every 10 persons were literate
6.More male overseas contract workers

47. • For the past three months, there was no significant change in the CPI, inflation
rate and purchasing power of peso.
• Its CPI is almost the same with region 6’s.

48. NET EXPORTS: $46,811 $69,086 $-219433
• Large trade deficit was caused by several typhoons which hit the
region but there was a trade surplus for the whole year of 2010. (P
13.97 billion)
•Majority of the commodities are transported through seaports.

50. • Leyte Metropolitan Water district
(LMWD)
• Tongonan Geothermal Power Plant of the
National Power Corporation (NPC) located
in Leyte
•Biliran Electric Cooperative (Bileco)
•A mini-hydro electric power plant in
Hinabian, Catmon, St. Bernard was
developed with capacity of 810 kW to
serve the Pacific Towns particularly St.
Bernard and San Juan.
• A major breakthrough in power
generation is the Southern Leyte
Geothermal Project in San Juan with a
capacity of 50 to more than 100 Mega
Watts (MW)

51. • San Juanico Bridge
-total length of 2.16 kilometers (1.34 mi)
- Connecting Tacloban City on the Leyte side
and Santa Rita town on the Samar side
- longest bridge in the Philippines spanning a
body of seawater
- Construction commenced in 1969 over San
Juanico Strait from Cabalawan, Tacloban City
to the municipality of Santa Rita, Samar, with
completion in 1973
- The bridge was then named as Marcos
Bridge after the era that was built upon. It
was said to have been presented as a Gift and
"Testimonial of Love" by the Philippine
President Ferdinand Marcos to the first
lady, Imelda, a native of Leyte.

52. •Eastern Nautical Highway
- With 2 out of 4 ports
RORO-capable (Naval,
Cataingan), and 1 out of 2
routes serviced regularly by
shipping companies
(Cataingan-Naval, Biliran).

53. • Eastern Visayas Agro-Industrial Growth Center in Tacloban City
• Leyte Industrial Development Estate in Isabel, Leyte
• Southern Leyte has a total of 12 seaports, 2 of which are
declared as national ports, the Maasin and Liloan ports and the
10 are municipal ports. Of these 10 ports, five are operational,
namely, Maasin, Liloan, St. Bernard, San Juan and Sogod.
• The province has two existing airports namely, the Calbayog
Airport and the Catbalogan Airport.

55. Waray-Waray:
• Located in Samar and Leyte referred to
people who inhabit the islands of Samar,
Biliran and the eastern section of Leyte
• One of the most religious people in the
Philippines (Roman Catholic)
• Speaks Waray-Waray language
• Other notable spoken language include
Spanish, Chinese and Japanese
• Kuratsa dance is a very popular traditional
dance at many social gatherings especially in
weddings
• Often stereotyped as “brave warriors” :
“basta ang Waray, hindi uurong sa away”
• known to be contented people
• known for its love for music
• Livelihood: Farming and fishing, production
of native wines like tuba

56. Number of
Language/Dialect Percent
Households
Eastern Visayas 715,070 100.00
Waray 404,548 56.57
Bisaya/Binisaya 150,544 21.05
Cebuano 139,912 19.57
Kankanai/Kankaney/
3,017 0.42
Kankanaey
Sama
2,047 0.29
(Samal)/Abakon
Tagalog 1,508 0.21
Other local
12,713 1.78
language/dialect
Other foreign
781 0.11
language/dialect

57. LANGUAGES AND
DIALECTS SPOKEN:
•WARAY
• BINISAYA/BISAYA
•CEBUANO
(LEYTEHANON)

58. Pressing Issues

59. Pressing Issues
• High vulnerability to natural disasters
• Mining
• Supreme Court “flip-flopping” decisions
• Public Health
• Others
– Bad politics
– High insurgency

60. High vulnerability to natural disasters
• Infrastructure identified by DPWH as vulnerable when a
strong earthquake hits
• 31 public school buildings, 22 municipal buildings, 5 rural
health centers, 1 barangay hall, 3 gymnasiums, 1 district
hospital, 2 commercial buildings
• The structures are either dilapidated or have shown
hairline cracks on floors, walls, or ceilings, which are signs
of possible collapse.
• Majority were constructed in the 1950s.
• Flooding caused by typhoons.
• Disaster and risk reduction to be taught in public high
schools, colleges

61. Mining
• Government and Private sector have shown keen
interest in developing the industry.
• CBCP criticized local leaders accusing them of acting
“more as agents of the mining firms rather than
agents of the people.”
• Irreversible impact in the islands of Manicani and
Homonhon (Eastern Samar), and Batag (Northern
Samar).

62. Supreme Court “flip-flopping” decisions on
cityhood of 16 municipalities
• 16 municipalities:
– Baybay, Leyte
– Bogo, Cebu
– Catbalogan, Samar
–
–
Tandag, Surigao del Sur
Lamitan, Basilan
3 FROM REGION
–
–
Borongan, Eastern Samar
Tayabas, Quezon VIII!
– Tabuk, Kalinga
– Bayugan, Agusan del Sur
– Batac, Ilocos Norte
– Mati, Davao Oriental
– Guihulngan, Negros Oriental
– Cabadbaran, Agusan del Norte
– El Salvador, Misamis Oriental
– Carcar, Cebu
– Naga, Cebu

63. Anyare?
• 2007 - cityhood bills lapsed into laws without the
President’s signature
• 2008 - SC declared cityhood bills
UNCONSTITUTIONAL
• 2009 - SC reversed 2008 ruling, so
CONSTITUTIONAL once again
• 2010 - SC reversed 2009 decision and reinstated
2008 decision; UNCONSTITUTIONAL
• 2011 - SC again reversed its decision;
CONSTITUTIONAL

64. So, ano ngayon?
• Cities receive more funds (IRA) from the national
government than municipalities.
• Because of the yearly flip-flop, the LGUs could
possibly have problems with budgeting.
Province IRA (2007) IRA (2008)
Baybay, Leyte P92,491,786 P307,442,636
Catbalogan, P77,866,980 P245,551,739
Samar
Borongan, P69,216,392 P255,163,039
Eastern Samar
Source: Bureau of Local Government Finance

65. Requirements for cityhood
Requirement Before After
Income* min. P20M min. P100M
Land Area** min. 100km2 min. 100km2
Population** min. 150,000 min. 150,000
satisfying* is mandatory, and either one of ** can be satisfied
Baybay, Catbalogan, and Borongan do not satisfy
the minimum income and population requirement.
They only satisfy the minimum land area requirement.
(based on the 2007 data)

66. Public Health
• Schistosomiasis (parasitic disease, chronic
illness, can damage internal organs, in
children: impair growth and cognitive
development) endemic to region.
• High poverty index and malnutrition
particularly north and western Samar.