Reflective
Assessment Category 2: Written Assignment / Self-reflective writing 1 - Critical Reflection on Dissertation/project completion
During this week, you are required to submit your second written summative assessment of 3.600 words, which counts for the 30% of your overall grade.
Please pay attention on the below Task Requirements:
Task: Provide a critical self-reflection of the process of completing your dissertation project through different phases.
During the process of completing your dissertation, you have gone through different phases as an attempt to act as business consultants and assist the client to meet its requirements. In order to do this successfully you have gone through the identification of aims and objectives towards client’s requirements, located and discussed industry’s related information as supportive evidence for business position and your aims and objectives towards the suggestions you made, completed an A3 map including a Gantt Chart that comprised a concise summary of the problem and solution as well a communication tool for reporting problems and suggestions for improvement to management.
Now in this summative assessment you need to identify how the process of completing your dissertation/project that included the above brief main steps will assist you to apply this knowledge to your business’ future operations as well identify how this learning process expanded your thinking as well developed your skills as future business leader.
You can approach your Self Reflective writing as per the below:
1. Assumptions 25%
Why it is critical to identify clearly stated business’ requirements? If the clients’ requirements were not provided in a pre-determined view and you were responsible to identify or assume what is required to improve a business, will you be able to summarize all the information needed? You can rely your answers based on the below:
· Challenging assumptions ie double loop learning (Argyris and Schon, 1974)
· Reflection, reflectivity and reflexivity
2. Ethics and values 25%
How did you come up with the specific aims and objectives? Did your ethical principles and values play any role to your proposed intentions to come up with certain aims and objectives to assist the Client to meet its requirements? Should our aims and objectives reflect corporate social responsibility by avoiding decisions that could possible harm organizations or society?
You can rely your answers based on the below:
· Understanding our personal values
· Transactional Analysis Drivers (Kahler, 1975)
· Be perfect; Be strong; Try hard; Please people; Hurry up
· The impact of values on professional work (Anti) -discriminatory practices (Thompson, 2012)
3. Time Management 25%
Why it is important to create a Gantt chart that outlines the main tools and timeframes of the completion of your suggestions? Do you believe that listing down certain timeframes for future actions may impact the way of dealing with tas.
Page 1 of 8
School of Management
—
BUSM4551 CID/Innovation Management
Assessment 3: Reflective piece
Assessment type: Essay Word limit: 1,000 (+/- 10%)
The word count excludes
the cover page, reference
list, and any appendices
that you may wish to
include.
Due Date: On or before Monday of Week 13 @
23:59 (Singapore time)
Weighting: 20%
Overview
You are required to engage in creative writing of a reflective essay consisting of an academic
analysis of your own learning experiences through self-reflection.
The purpose of writing a reflective essay is to provide you with a platform to not only recount a
particular life experience, but to also explore how you have changed or learned from those
experiences. Essays should be authored individually; all ideas and words should be your own.
Assessment criteria (100 marks equate to 20% of overall course assessment)
This assessment will measure your ability to:
• Introduce the context, background, scope and purpose of your essay (10 marks)
• Provide a quality encounter of your learning (15 marks)
• Reflect at a level that reveals deep insights (20 marks)
• Evaluate the significance and impact of your learning (20 marks)
• Implicate the significance of your learning to your future career (15 marks)
• Draw a meaningful conclusion (10 marks)
• Professionally present your encounter (10 marks)
Learning outcomes
Course Learning Outcomes related to this assessment are:
Page 2 of 8
CLO1 Explain the relationship between creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship and how
it impacts business growth, sustainability and wealth creation
CLO2
Investigate factors that inhibit creativity in individuals and innovation within teams and
organisations, and recommend strategies and tactics to encourage entrepreneurial
behaviour
CLO3 Identify and critique organisational models of innovation management
CLO4 Work individually, and collaboratively with others in applying a range of tools that assist
the creative front end of innovation that leads to problem solving
CLO5 Evaluate the characteristics that make innovative organisations successful and discuss
how a business might emulate these traits
CLO6 Demonstrate learning through presentation and communication skills in a variety of
business and professional contexts
The Program Learning Outcomes related to this assessment are:
PLO1 Explain their role as a local, national and global citizen and be able to apply these
perspectives in business contexts.
PLO4
Reflect on and continuously progress their own professional development, enhancing
their intellectual agility and adaptability as tools for success in ever-changing business
contexts.
Assessment details
This assessment requires you to look back on your learning and experiences in this course and
provide a personal reflection of what you learned from the course and how you have both used and
will use this learning in the futu ...
BUSM 4194 Leading for ChangeSemester 1, 2014Assessment Tas.docxhumphrieskalyn
BUSM 4194 Leading for Change
Semester 1, 2014
Assessment Task 1: Leadership Development Report
Writing instructions and Marking Rubric
This assessment task is a REPORT.
The RMIT College of Business requires you to use a particular style of writing which involves both the way the report is structured and the way that you acknowledge other people’s ideas used in your work.
The structuring of a report is very clearly described in the RMIT Study and Learning Centre Report Writing Skills Online Tutorial available on the BUSM4194 course Blackboard site
Your first step in preparing for this assessment task should be to complete this tutorial.
Investing time before you start writing will result in a better report.
Your second step should be mastering the art of referencing. There are many styles of referencing in use in different disciplines and geographical locations. You are required to use the RMIT Business Referencing System. This is available to you via the Library website, in your course site on myRMIT and is uploaded to the assessments folder in the BUSM 4194 course site. This is a 50 page document but reading it through will be enormously helpful for you in this and future assessment tasks.
Make sure that you can clearly distinguish the difference between an essay (page 28 of the document) and a report (page 36).
Remember: this current assessment task is a REPORT not an ESSAY.
The critical thinking element
We want you to be very comfortable with questioning everything you read and hear.
Anyone can remember facts and state other people’s views but a far more useful skill is to critically review what you read and hear and decide for yourself how reliable, accurate, applicable, contemporary, objective and fair it is.
In this report, your assessor will value the fact that you are able to see both benefits and deficiencies in a particular theory. Make sure you look through the critical thinking exercises in the course site to get a clear understanding of critical thinking!
How many references should I cite?
There is no right answer to this question because it all depends on what you write in your report. Some statements you make in your report will certainly need a reference to support them.
So, to determine how many references you need to cite, first (as described in the report writing tutorial) draw a mind map of ideas to go into your report and for each idea try to link it to a reference source.
How will the report be marked?
Your lecturers have already created a marking rubric that will be used to award you a mark out of 50 as the report comprises 50 of the overall 100 marks available in this course.
The rubric is reproduced over the page and will be used as a way of providing feedback to you on how you performed.
The most important thing about the rubric is that it DEFINES what you will be marked on. If you include additional material that is not mentioned in the rubric it will not attract any marks, if you forget to w ...
Project Two Assessing SelfPurpose The purpose of this a.docxbfingarjcmc
Project Two: Assessing Self
Purpose:
The purpose of this assignment is for you to develop a Relationship Building Action Plan.
Outcome Met by Completing This Assignment
·
use leadership theories, assessment tools, and an understanding of the role of ethics, values, and attitudes to evaluate and enhance personal leadership skills
·
develop and implement methods for establishing a constructive organizational structure and culture that fosters positive employee and employer relationships
·
assess the interactions between the external environment and the organization to foster responsible and effective leadership and organizational practices
Background:
After a relaxing weekend, you come to work, sit down at your desk and open your email. The following is an email to you from Andrew Rockfish:
I am sending this email to you because of the personal nature of the material contained within your next assignment. It is incumbent upon all good leaders to assess continuously their personal leadership skills, style, and approach.
You will be developing a personal relationship building assessment plan. Much like an annual doctor’s check-up, the goal of the assessment plan is to develop a procedure for evaluating the status of your personal skills, style, and attitude in your work with others. Included in the assessment plan is a review of your leadership strengths, weaknesses, results of leadership assessments, feedback methodology, attitude, and leadership style.
Relationship building is a dynamic process just as situations change so too can the people skills needed to address the situation. Periodic review of those skills will benefit you by noting weaknesses and areas of change or improvement needed in your behavior.
So, what exactly am I asking you to do that needs confidentiality? Well, your plan is going to be the result of the following hypothetical evaluation you received after your first year with GDD. Although the hypothetical evaluation could be much better, we have found that the results provide trainees the opportunity to reflect upon one’s actual results and to prepare for personal growth moving forward.
The hypothetical scenario is one in which you were promoted a year ago into a leadership position. However, the past year has proved to show several issues and the results are not at all what we were hoping for when we promoted you. Still, experience has taught us that help starts with an employee taking stock of their personal skills. Since we believe that you have the potential for being an excellent department head, we would like to take measures toward your development. Please follow the instructions below:
Instructions:
NOTE:
All submitted work is to be your original work (only created and prepared by you). You may not use any work from another student, the Internet or an online clearinghouse. You are expected to understand the Academic Dishonesty and Plagiarism Policy, and know that it is your respon.
Portfolio 1Overview The Portfolio is part of the academic pro.docxjolleybendicty
Portfolio 1:
Overview
The Portfolio is part of the academic programme of work you are required to complete for Co-operative Education.
It is designed to ensure that you are achieving the goals and objectives you planned for your Co-operative Education Placement.
Please note that throughout your Portfolio you must:
·
apply
concepts, models, frameworks, theories and/or technical competencies from your major, and other areas of study
·
use authoritative sources
·
provide in-text references in APA (6th ed.)
·
update your Reference List with the full reference (APA 6th ed.)
Throughout Co-operative Education you will be focusing on how you are achieving the BBus Learning Goals set out below:
Learning Goal 1:
Be self-directed, reflective learners
Learning Goal 2
:
Be knowledgeable in their major field(s) of study
Learning Goal 3:
Be critical enquirers and creative problem solvers
Learning Goal 4:
Be able to make business decisions that take into account social, ethical, environmental and global dimensions
Learning Goal 5:
Be able to work effectively with others
Learning Goal 6:
Be effective communicators
Learning Goal 7:
Be connected to business
The Portfolios are the next stage of the assessment programme that culminates in an Oral Brief and Final Report. In the Co-operative Education assessments you will critically reflect on, analyse and evaluate your development throughout the Co-operative Education Placement and work on and complete a topic of your choice.
Instructions for completing this document
You are required to address all of the points in each of the sections. You may either answer each point individually or you may choose to respond to all points in one discussion using paragraphs with appropriate headings and sub-headings.
Note: Do not delete any of the information or instructions from the template
Portfolio 1 Checklist
o
Completed each section.
o
APA referencing and in-text citations.
o
Tasks discussed relate to major.
o
Research topic finalised and is focused towards the use of authoritative secondary resources.
o
Theories, concepts, frameworks introduced throughout.
o
Two personal goals reviewed and progress discussed.
o
Media log completed
o
Evidence of workspace provided.
o
Spellchecked and proof read document.
A.
Your Co-operative Education Role
: being knowledgeable in your major field(s) of study by demonstrating the application of knowledge from your major(s) to your Co-operative Education Placement
The aim of Section A is as follows:
·
To demonstrate how relevant the various theories and concepts from your major have been in completion of your tasks to date
·
To reflect on your performance to date
THE TASKS:
1.
For each key task that you have undertaken so far, briefly describe the task and explain how
theories, concepts, models, frameworks and/or technical competencies, from your
major(s)
have applied. In your discussion you should:
·
refer to a comprehensive .
Scanned by CamScannerECO 700 Final Project Guideli.docxanhlodge
Scanned by CamScanner
ECO 700 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Overview
As the final stop in your journey toward your Master of Science in Applied Economics, you will complete a final project that will allow you to demonstrate the
knowledge and skills you have gained during your time at SNHU. Over the course of the term, you will immerse yourself in integrating what you have learned in
your coursework and practice to create an authentic demonstration of your abilities as an economist. The final project for this course is an analysis of a
contemporary economic issue relative to a business, policy, or topic of your choice based on your academic area of interest. For instance, general track students
might choose industrial policy, labor economics, international trade, macroeconomic policy, or regulatory economics. For those who are in the Environmental
and Natural Resources concentration, you must choose a topic relative to the field. This analysis will be followed by a presentation and professional reflection of
your journey through the Applied Economics program and how you plan to position yourself professionally. Completion of the analysis, presentation, and
professional reflection components will exemplify your professional identity and represent the skills and abilities you can bring to a potential employer.
This capstone will be assessed somewhat differently than other courses you have taken online at SNHU. There are three separate components that will be
submitted at different times during the course; however, they all operate together to make up the whole capstone experience and are not assessed separately.
You will be evaluated on all three elements as a unit in determining whether you have achieved proficiency in each outcome. All components must be completed
at the highest level, as the strengths of one cannot compensate for the weaknesses in another. Your instructor will guide you through this process, keeping a
running narrative of your strengths and weaknesses in relation to the outcomes as you progress through the class. Your work is expected to meet the highest
professional standards. Remember, you are selling yourself as much as you are selling your ideas.
In this assessment, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following outcomes:
Communicate economic principles, problems, findings, and risk in effective verbal, written, visual, and graphical formats
Integrate appropriate economic theories and principles into the analysis of real-world organizational, social, and political issues
Design and execute sound research studies that effectively and appropriately incorporate quantitative data analysis, econometrics, and other key
economic tools and methods
Incorporate accuracy, precision, and ethical decision making into the analysis and reporting of economic data
Evaluate the impact of a wide variety of internal and external influences on personal, professional, and government.
Page 1 of 8
School of Management
—
BUSM4551 CID/Innovation Management
Assessment 3: Reflective piece
Assessment type: Essay Word limit: 1,000 (+/- 10%)
The word count excludes
the cover page, reference
list, and any appendices
that you may wish to
include.
Due Date: On or before Monday of Week 13 @
23:59 (Singapore time)
Weighting: 20%
Overview
You are required to engage in creative writing of a reflective essay consisting of an academic
analysis of your own learning experiences through self-reflection.
The purpose of writing a reflective essay is to provide you with a platform to not only recount a
particular life experience, but to also explore how you have changed or learned from those
experiences. Essays should be authored individually; all ideas and words should be your own.
Assessment criteria (100 marks equate to 20% of overall course assessment)
This assessment will measure your ability to:
• Introduce the context, background, scope and purpose of your essay (10 marks)
• Provide a quality encounter of your learning (15 marks)
• Reflect at a level that reveals deep insights (20 marks)
• Evaluate the significance and impact of your learning (20 marks)
• Implicate the significance of your learning to your future career (15 marks)
• Draw a meaningful conclusion (10 marks)
• Professionally present your encounter (10 marks)
Learning outcomes
Course Learning Outcomes related to this assessment are:
Page 2 of 8
CLO1 Explain the relationship between creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship and how
it impacts business growth, sustainability and wealth creation
CLO2
Investigate factors that inhibit creativity in individuals and innovation within teams and
organisations, and recommend strategies and tactics to encourage entrepreneurial
behaviour
CLO3 Identify and critique organisational models of innovation management
CLO4 Work individually, and collaboratively with others in applying a range of tools that assist
the creative front end of innovation that leads to problem solving
CLO5 Evaluate the characteristics that make innovative organisations successful and discuss
how a business might emulate these traits
CLO6 Demonstrate learning through presentation and communication skills in a variety of
business and professional contexts
The Program Learning Outcomes related to this assessment are:
PLO1 Explain their role as a local, national and global citizen and be able to apply these
perspectives in business contexts.
PLO4
Reflect on and continuously progress their own professional development, enhancing
their intellectual agility and adaptability as tools for success in ever-changing business
contexts.
Assessment details
This assessment requires you to look back on your learning and experiences in this course and
provide a personal reflection of what you learned from the course and how you have both used and
will use this learning in the futu ...
BUSM 4194 Leading for ChangeSemester 1, 2014Assessment Tas.docxhumphrieskalyn
BUSM 4194 Leading for Change
Semester 1, 2014
Assessment Task 1: Leadership Development Report
Writing instructions and Marking Rubric
This assessment task is a REPORT.
The RMIT College of Business requires you to use a particular style of writing which involves both the way the report is structured and the way that you acknowledge other people’s ideas used in your work.
The structuring of a report is very clearly described in the RMIT Study and Learning Centre Report Writing Skills Online Tutorial available on the BUSM4194 course Blackboard site
Your first step in preparing for this assessment task should be to complete this tutorial.
Investing time before you start writing will result in a better report.
Your second step should be mastering the art of referencing. There are many styles of referencing in use in different disciplines and geographical locations. You are required to use the RMIT Business Referencing System. This is available to you via the Library website, in your course site on myRMIT and is uploaded to the assessments folder in the BUSM 4194 course site. This is a 50 page document but reading it through will be enormously helpful for you in this and future assessment tasks.
Make sure that you can clearly distinguish the difference between an essay (page 28 of the document) and a report (page 36).
Remember: this current assessment task is a REPORT not an ESSAY.
The critical thinking element
We want you to be very comfortable with questioning everything you read and hear.
Anyone can remember facts and state other people’s views but a far more useful skill is to critically review what you read and hear and decide for yourself how reliable, accurate, applicable, contemporary, objective and fair it is.
In this report, your assessor will value the fact that you are able to see both benefits and deficiencies in a particular theory. Make sure you look through the critical thinking exercises in the course site to get a clear understanding of critical thinking!
How many references should I cite?
There is no right answer to this question because it all depends on what you write in your report. Some statements you make in your report will certainly need a reference to support them.
So, to determine how many references you need to cite, first (as described in the report writing tutorial) draw a mind map of ideas to go into your report and for each idea try to link it to a reference source.
How will the report be marked?
Your lecturers have already created a marking rubric that will be used to award you a mark out of 50 as the report comprises 50 of the overall 100 marks available in this course.
The rubric is reproduced over the page and will be used as a way of providing feedback to you on how you performed.
The most important thing about the rubric is that it DEFINES what you will be marked on. If you include additional material that is not mentioned in the rubric it will not attract any marks, if you forget to w ...
Project Two Assessing SelfPurpose The purpose of this a.docxbfingarjcmc
Project Two: Assessing Self
Purpose:
The purpose of this assignment is for you to develop a Relationship Building Action Plan.
Outcome Met by Completing This Assignment
·
use leadership theories, assessment tools, and an understanding of the role of ethics, values, and attitudes to evaluate and enhance personal leadership skills
·
develop and implement methods for establishing a constructive organizational structure and culture that fosters positive employee and employer relationships
·
assess the interactions between the external environment and the organization to foster responsible and effective leadership and organizational practices
Background:
After a relaxing weekend, you come to work, sit down at your desk and open your email. The following is an email to you from Andrew Rockfish:
I am sending this email to you because of the personal nature of the material contained within your next assignment. It is incumbent upon all good leaders to assess continuously their personal leadership skills, style, and approach.
You will be developing a personal relationship building assessment plan. Much like an annual doctor’s check-up, the goal of the assessment plan is to develop a procedure for evaluating the status of your personal skills, style, and attitude in your work with others. Included in the assessment plan is a review of your leadership strengths, weaknesses, results of leadership assessments, feedback methodology, attitude, and leadership style.
Relationship building is a dynamic process just as situations change so too can the people skills needed to address the situation. Periodic review of those skills will benefit you by noting weaknesses and areas of change or improvement needed in your behavior.
So, what exactly am I asking you to do that needs confidentiality? Well, your plan is going to be the result of the following hypothetical evaluation you received after your first year with GDD. Although the hypothetical evaluation could be much better, we have found that the results provide trainees the opportunity to reflect upon one’s actual results and to prepare for personal growth moving forward.
The hypothetical scenario is one in which you were promoted a year ago into a leadership position. However, the past year has proved to show several issues and the results are not at all what we were hoping for when we promoted you. Still, experience has taught us that help starts with an employee taking stock of their personal skills. Since we believe that you have the potential for being an excellent department head, we would like to take measures toward your development. Please follow the instructions below:
Instructions:
NOTE:
All submitted work is to be your original work (only created and prepared by you). You may not use any work from another student, the Internet or an online clearinghouse. You are expected to understand the Academic Dishonesty and Plagiarism Policy, and know that it is your respon.
Portfolio 1Overview The Portfolio is part of the academic pro.docxjolleybendicty
Portfolio 1:
Overview
The Portfolio is part of the academic programme of work you are required to complete for Co-operative Education.
It is designed to ensure that you are achieving the goals and objectives you planned for your Co-operative Education Placement.
Please note that throughout your Portfolio you must:
·
apply
concepts, models, frameworks, theories and/or technical competencies from your major, and other areas of study
·
use authoritative sources
·
provide in-text references in APA (6th ed.)
·
update your Reference List with the full reference (APA 6th ed.)
Throughout Co-operative Education you will be focusing on how you are achieving the BBus Learning Goals set out below:
Learning Goal 1:
Be self-directed, reflective learners
Learning Goal 2
:
Be knowledgeable in their major field(s) of study
Learning Goal 3:
Be critical enquirers and creative problem solvers
Learning Goal 4:
Be able to make business decisions that take into account social, ethical, environmental and global dimensions
Learning Goal 5:
Be able to work effectively with others
Learning Goal 6:
Be effective communicators
Learning Goal 7:
Be connected to business
The Portfolios are the next stage of the assessment programme that culminates in an Oral Brief and Final Report. In the Co-operative Education assessments you will critically reflect on, analyse and evaluate your development throughout the Co-operative Education Placement and work on and complete a topic of your choice.
Instructions for completing this document
You are required to address all of the points in each of the sections. You may either answer each point individually or you may choose to respond to all points in one discussion using paragraphs with appropriate headings and sub-headings.
Note: Do not delete any of the information or instructions from the template
Portfolio 1 Checklist
o
Completed each section.
o
APA referencing and in-text citations.
o
Tasks discussed relate to major.
o
Research topic finalised and is focused towards the use of authoritative secondary resources.
o
Theories, concepts, frameworks introduced throughout.
o
Two personal goals reviewed and progress discussed.
o
Media log completed
o
Evidence of workspace provided.
o
Spellchecked and proof read document.
A.
Your Co-operative Education Role
: being knowledgeable in your major field(s) of study by demonstrating the application of knowledge from your major(s) to your Co-operative Education Placement
The aim of Section A is as follows:
·
To demonstrate how relevant the various theories and concepts from your major have been in completion of your tasks to date
·
To reflect on your performance to date
THE TASKS:
1.
For each key task that you have undertaken so far, briefly describe the task and explain how
theories, concepts, models, frameworks and/or technical competencies, from your
major(s)
have applied. In your discussion you should:
·
refer to a comprehensive .
Scanned by CamScannerECO 700 Final Project Guideli.docxanhlodge
Scanned by CamScanner
ECO 700 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Overview
As the final stop in your journey toward your Master of Science in Applied Economics, you will complete a final project that will allow you to demonstrate the
knowledge and skills you have gained during your time at SNHU. Over the course of the term, you will immerse yourself in integrating what you have learned in
your coursework and practice to create an authentic demonstration of your abilities as an economist. The final project for this course is an analysis of a
contemporary economic issue relative to a business, policy, or topic of your choice based on your academic area of interest. For instance, general track students
might choose industrial policy, labor economics, international trade, macroeconomic policy, or regulatory economics. For those who are in the Environmental
and Natural Resources concentration, you must choose a topic relative to the field. This analysis will be followed by a presentation and professional reflection of
your journey through the Applied Economics program and how you plan to position yourself professionally. Completion of the analysis, presentation, and
professional reflection components will exemplify your professional identity and represent the skills and abilities you can bring to a potential employer.
This capstone will be assessed somewhat differently than other courses you have taken online at SNHU. There are three separate components that will be
submitted at different times during the course; however, they all operate together to make up the whole capstone experience and are not assessed separately.
You will be evaluated on all three elements as a unit in determining whether you have achieved proficiency in each outcome. All components must be completed
at the highest level, as the strengths of one cannot compensate for the weaknesses in another. Your instructor will guide you through this process, keeping a
running narrative of your strengths and weaknesses in relation to the outcomes as you progress through the class. Your work is expected to meet the highest
professional standards. Remember, you are selling yourself as much as you are selling your ideas.
In this assessment, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following outcomes:
Communicate economic principles, problems, findings, and risk in effective verbal, written, visual, and graphical formats
Integrate appropriate economic theories and principles into the analysis of real-world organizational, social, and political issues
Design and execute sound research studies that effectively and appropriately incorporate quantitative data analysis, econometrics, and other key
economic tools and methods
Incorporate accuracy, precision, and ethical decision making into the analysis and reporting of economic data
Evaluate the impact of a wide variety of internal and external influences on personal, professional, and government.
Assignment 2 Market FormsFor this assignment you will do a sign.docxsherni1
Assignment 2: Market Forms
For this assignment you will do a significant portion of work in MS Excel and import it into an MS Word document for submission. You will use the data below to address Price and Output decisions faced by firms that are not in pure competition. Some numbers may be rounded.
Table 1
Output
Average Fixed cost
Average Variable Cost
Average Total Cost
Marginal Cost
Price
Total Revenue
Marginal Revenue
0
$ 345.00
1
$ 180.00
$ 135.00
$ 315.00
$ 300.00
2
$ 90.00
$ 127.50
$ 217.50
$ 249.00
3
$ 60.00
$ 120.00
$ 180.00
$ 213.00
4
$ 45.00
$ 112.50
$ 157.50
$ 189.00
5
$ 36.00
$ 111.00
$ 147.00
$ 165.00
6
$ 30.00
$ 112.50
$ 142.50
$ 144.00
7
$ 25.71
$ 115.70
$ 141.41
$ 126.00
8
$ 22.50
$ 121.90
$ 144.40
$ 111.00
9
$ 20.00
$ 130.00
$ 150.00
$ 99.00
10
$ 18.00
$ 139.50
$ 157.50
$ 87.00
Address the following:
1. Complete Table-1. Summarize your calculations.
2. Prepare a graph showing:
· Average Fixed Costs
· Average Variable Costs
· Average Total Costs
· Marginal Revenue
· Marginal Costs
3. Using the data in the table and on your graph, explain the profit maximizing, orloss minimizing level of output.
4. Define a normal profit and an economic profit. Are normal profits being earned in this example? Are economic profits present for this firm in this example? Explain your answers.
5. Given the data in the table and the graph, what type of market structure could this be in the short run? Explain your answers.
6. If the data in Table-1 represents the long run, what type of firm must this data represent? Explain your answers.
Save your MS Word document using the filename LastnameFirstInitial_M4A2 and submit it to the M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox by Wednesday, December 2, 2015.
Quotations, paraphrases, and ideas you get from books, articles, or other sources of information should be cited using APA style. Help with citing sources can be found through the Academic Resources page under Course Home.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Correctly answered all parts of Question 1 and completed Table-1
20
Correctly created a graph showing all required data from Question 2
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 3, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 4, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 5, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 6, with accurate and explanations
12
Wrote in a clear and concise manner following APA standards, and demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation of sources
20
Total:
100
SEE ATTACHMENT PAPER AT THE END!!!
Assignment 3: Using Leadership to Improve Ethical Performance
Due Week 9 and worth points 300
You can (and should) use headings and subheading throughout the paper to highlight you ...
Project Management Methodologies
PPMP20009
Week 10 Lecture
Dr Bernard Wong
[email protected]
1
Assignment 4
Continuous Improvement Plan
Week 12 Friday
Open the course profile to review criteria.
2
Reminder
PPMP20009
Presentation weeks 11 or 12
4
Create your own Deming PDCA cycle relating to the last assignment that you handed in.
Change Management
6
Formulate change
Plan change
Implement change
Manage transition
Sustain change
Take the ‘Act’ segment of the PDCA cycle you created earlier and define the five CM stages.
Formulate change
Plan change
Implement change
Manage transition
Sustain change
Continuous Improvement?
Why are we wanting to improve?
Where are we now?
What are we working with?
If you don’t know where you are going, any road will get you there.
Cheshire Cat
(Alice in Wonderland)
There are a number of things to consider when deciding what level of maturity to aim for.
Why are you wanting to increase your level of maturity in this space?
-Some might be wanting to do it simply as a continuous improvement strategy.
Some may be having issues with the performance of their program and project delivery or portfolio investment returns
Others may need it to be competitive in a market that looks at the P3M3 levels of organisations in the tendering process
Others may be required to undergo a mandatory audit – as did the Qld Govt in 2012.
One organisation that I have spoken with has noted that their environment has become increasingly fiscally constrained and as such funding is much more competitive. They want to increase certain sections of their maturity, specifically relating to benefits management, business case and blueprint development – so that they can be more competitive in seeking funding for initiatives. So in this case they are not necessarily trying to improve their maturity as a whole, but an aspect of it. In doing this however, it is likely that they will have an increase in maturity in other areas as well.
We need to know where you are now to assist in deciding where you want to go. This is where going through an assessment is essential and I do believe in this being independent. You can self assess but this will always be impacted with bias. You need to baseline.
What are you working with? What is your organisational context? What resources do you have both budget and people? Do you have authentic sponsorship or are your leaders just ticking a mandate off? What’s your organisational culture like, are they open to P3 management or are they likely to see effort to increase maturity as unnecessary overhead?
So when we went through this process we were fortunate to have an authentic sponsor, we had a culture of project and program delivery so the staff understood the value of the practice (and I do say practice rather than methodology – as if you have experienced practitioners, they will argue methodology with you – this is a good thing!). We.
Assignment 1Develop and write your personal mission statemenJinElias52
Assignment 1
Develop and write your personal mission statement.
Note
: Developing a strategic plan requires specific steps that need to be executed in a sequence. The assignments in this course are presented in order and should be completed in sequence.
A well-written mission statement can provide the momentum and motivation to take a company to the next level. The same is true of personal mission statement. If you thought about yourself as a company, what would you say about yourself? What values drive you? What is your marketing message? What is your reason for doing what you do?
By successfully completing this assignment , you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assignment criteria:
Competency 2: Participate collaboratively and respectfully.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal commitment to responsibility.
Competency 3: Communicate effectively.
Write coherently to support a central idea in appropriate format with correct grammar, usage, and mechanics.
Competency 4: Plan strategically.
Develop a personal mission statement.
Competency 5: Employ high-performance business management techniques.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal philosophy of quality and image.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal core competencies.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal competitive advantage.
Explain how a mission statement identifies a target customer.
Competency 7: Use appropriate financial models and principles.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal economic goals.
Note
: Developing a strategic plan requires specific steps that need to be executed in a sequence. The assignments in this course are presented in order and should be completed in sequence.
Develop and write your own personal mission statement. Be clear about your passion, values, goals, and philosophies. Once you have your mission statement articulated, explain how it:
Expresses your image of yourself.
Expresses your values and philosophies.
Identifies what you have to offer.
Explain how your mission statement answers the following questions:
What are your economic goals?
What is your philosophy in terms of quality and image?
What are your core competencies and competitive advantages?
What "customers" do you serve best?
How do you view your responsibilities to those who rely on you?
Format this assignment as a research paper, following current APA guidelines for both style and citing sources, making sure that you also use correct grammar and mechanics. There is no required minimum or maximum page length; however, you should strive to be as detailed as possible in addressing each bullet point while also being as clear and concise as possible.
Assignment 2
Conduct a personal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis.
Note
: Developing a strategic plan requires specific steps that need to be exe ...
PJM6125 Project Evaluation:
Stakeholder Analysis & Evaluation Goal Matrix
Overview and Rationale
For this assignment, you will establish some evaluation goals for your project based on the
method and lens covered in this week’s lecture.
Program and Course Outcomes
This assignment is directly linked to the following key learning outcomes from the course
syllabus:
LO1: Identify and analyze stakeholders associated with performance evaluation.
LO2: Design an evaluation goals matrix incorporating the differences between impact, efficiency,
and effectiveness
LO6: Compare change management procedures needed to respond to the results of both tactical
and non-tactical performance evaluation
L07: Plan and conduct a tactical evaluation using both qualitative and quantitative measures
Essential Components & Instructions
This assignment is completed in two parts. First, using your chosen project that you
submitted as part of Lesson 1, complete the following items:
Stakeholder Register / Analysis:
Create a stakeholder register / analysis that includes the following minimum
columns:
o Stakeholder
o Stakeholder Position / Role
o Type of Stakeholder (internal or external)
o Stakeholder expectation (high level needs or expectations of project)
o Stakeholder interest (high / medium / low)
o Stakeholder influence level (high / medium / low)
o Stakeholder view of project (supportive / neutral / opposed)
o Stakeholder Management strategy (approach to engaging stakeholder to
support success of project)
Once you create the register, create entries for a minimum of 12 - 15 project
stakeholders, performing a full analysis for each of them.
Part 2: Evaluation Goals Matrix:
After completing the stakeholder register, you will create an evaluation goals matrix, as
illustrated in Lesson 2, with an additional column entitled stakeholder. Once you have
designed the evaluation goal matrix, you will need to list at least four evaluation goals for
each category: efficiency, effectiveness, and impact, which will result in a total of 12 metrics
/ goals.
You will be assess on the clarity of the metrics, the concreteness of the measures (Example:
increased performance by 12 percent (concrete) vs. increase performance (not concrete, as
no specific measurement of increase)), and how well the metric will measure the success of
project relative to the overview of the project you provided as a case study.
Format
Below are some key guidelines you will want to ensure you follow in all three elements of
this assignment. Think of this short list as a quality control checklist, along with the
attached grading rubric.
Part 1 and Part 2 (stakeholder analysis and evaluation matrix) should be submitted
as a single file (MsWord or .pdf)
You should include a cover page
You should include a brief summary of your chosen project.
You should format the documents professionally
The tables should be readable.
Running Head: MEMO 1
MEMO 5
Paper 1: FINANCIAL MEMO
June 15, 2017
To: All employees
From: Nelson Mulinya, Senior Manager
Date: June 13th, 2017
Subject: Annual Budget
I would like to request the finance department to present to me the projected cost for the incoming year by 26th June 2017. It has always been a pleasure to receive the budget for the whole year earlier enough and this time I expect nothing less but an excellent presentation. However, due to many hiccups that usually emerge in the course of the year, I would appreciate if this time the budget is broken down on a quarterly basis. I prefer this way as it will help us minimize the risk and ballooning of unexpected cost. The costs must be presented in our normal PowerPoint format, and it should be consistent with general accepted accounting principle (GAAP).
Due to the many projects that the company has this time around, the budget presented should try and minimize the administrative expense to avoid a scenario where the company operates with borrowed cash. The payroll, accounting, and auditing fee must be minimized so that it is used elsewhere. There are also many uncertainties that we expect this time as a result of the real estate market. As a result, this has put us in a position where we cannot make critical decisions at this time. However, this should not prevent us from to speculating and coming up with reasonable figures that can be used as assumed values.
As a way of trying to reduce the recurrent expenditure and increase the investment capital, the company expects something different from the previous budget. The repair and maintenance cost, as well as the utility cost, must be minimized as possible. Capital consideration in budgeting is very imperative as you all know and I expect our business analysts to use two methods of analysis namely qualitative and quantitative method. These are helpful in forecasting the financial projection or growth. For instance, the quantitative methods usually use the expert factor and at some point the human element in budget analysis. The approach is normally based on data and avoids the guesses and perception of people. It will help us in predicting the variables like insurance expenses and contract expenses product, the prices and other things. Some of the quantitative methods include payback, net present value and the average rate of return.
However, from my knowledge and experience, some benefits of capital investment cannot be assessed in monetary values. It is therefore essential for the finance department to also consider qualitative analysis since the use of quantitative analysis can give to misleading information thus making the business to reject a worthy proje ...
Reflective PostAnthony Johnson posted Apr 2, 2020 318 PMThe.docxcarlt3
Reflective Post
Anthony Johnson posted Apr 2, 2020 3:18 PM
The readings and assignments throughout this course have been very important in enhancing my skills and knowledge about human resource management both in the public and private sector. Based on these readings, I was able to learn about the various legal measures that have been established to enhance the welfare of employees across the country from the actions of their employers. In addition, the readings and assignments enabled me to learn about the various approaches that are used by the employers to motivate their employees and ramp up productivity. some of the key concepts that I believe are applicable to my work experience, profession, and career plans for the future include the use of total rewards to motivate employees, the role of employment at will and other legislations, as well as the changes that have been made in employment laws to improve the working conditions for the employees.
Employee motivation has a key role in ensuring that individuals are able to achieve high standards of performance and productivity. Employers use different approaches to ensure that their employees remain fully committed and satisfied with the workplace environment. Lack of satisfaction is likely to negatively impact their performance, which in turn affects the performance of the entire organization. The various legislations that have been passed by the government such as the employment at will, aim at protecting the interests of both the employees and their employers. From the readings and assignments, I was able to learn the rights and obligations that I have as an individual as well as what I should expect from my employer. Such knowledge is important not only for my present career but also for my future career plans.
The government, through the Department of Labor (DoL) has made significant efforts to ensure that the interests of the American employees are adequately protected. At the same time, the government seeks to ensure that the employers are acting in a manner that benefits the economy while focusing on the interests of the employees. Over the years, the regulatory environment has changed, in a bid to adapt to the changes occurring in the workplace. This has ensured that effect HRM practices are adopted across the board thereby enhancing the welfare of all the employees.
One key part of the course that helped shape my perception of the role of HRM in the private sector was the Module 3 Assignments. These assignments enabled me to evaluate some of the tasks carried out by the HRM in private organizations and how they rhyme with the practices in the public sector. Based on the assignments, I was able to learn how legislation such as Employment at Will Doctrine, Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA), and the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) have impacted the private sector human resource management practices.
Module 1 - Background
EQUAL EMPLOYMENT .
Reflective Report
Student Number: 15833856
Module code: HR380
Content of Table
1. Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2. Reflective Report ---------------------------------------------------------------------------3
University experience -------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2.1 Group Report------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3-4
2.1 Extracurricular activity -----------------------------------------------------------5
3. Personal Analysis ---------------------------------------------------------------------------6
Personal Development Plan -----------------------------------------------------------6
4. Conclusion -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
5. Reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8
1. Introduction
The aim of this reflective report is to develop a reflective statement concerning the previous experience, and develop a draft idea to assess self-ability in order to enhance future learning or future employability behaviours. The reflection statement is used to measure outputs and allow individuals to look back on their value (Watt et, al.,2001) Therefore, in this report I will demonstrate my university experience particularly “ Developing centre - Group work” and extracurricular activity. I will use both kinds of information to continue from the original learning context; there are two elements to consider in carrying out development areas; combining the elements from the break down experience, which suggests new insight, and finally through evaluation, the action of decision making will be made based on criteria or systematic judgement. (Bloom,1954) An experiential reflection will offer the opportunity to discuss personal context within practicum, as to do so allows an insight and perspective for professional personal growth (Monaghan et al. 2012) as the Kolb’s learning cycle (1984) will be adopted to encourage a high level of reflection approach. Furthermore, a personal development plan will be included in the appendix at the end of the report, which includes the overall competencies that I wish to work on from the past or those competencies that I am planning to work on in the future (Brown, 1995; McMullan et al., 2003; Redman, 1994; Seng and Seng, 1996; Smith and Tillema, 1998; Snadden et al., 1996).
2. Reflective Report
The reflective work is on certain experiences at university and the extracurricular role which demonstrate significant capability for professional competencies, which in order to gain better skills, overcomes conflict and improves future performance.
2.1 The university experience – Group work in developing centre
We did throwback group work on a dev.
Reflective Journal Ethics and DiversityOverviewDuring your .docxcarlt3
Reflective Journal: Ethics and Diversity
Overview
During your course of study in the M.Ed. program you have examined issues relating to ethics in the educational setting and the importance of promoting diversity.
In this journal, you will reflect on these Master's of Education program learning outcomes:
Ethics:
Examine major legal, social, and ethical issues affecting education in diverse learning environments.
Diversity:
Promote differentiated learning and multi-ethnic, multicultural, and global awareness and appreciation in instructional methods, program curricula, and assessment practices.
Requirements:
Write a 1–2 page paper in which you:
Reflect upon what you have learned throughout your coursework related to ethical issues in education, and discuss the fundamental manner in which your ideas, values, beliefs, practices, etc. have or have not changed as a result.
Examine how your coursework in the M.Ed. program and your work experience have helped you to grow in the areas of ethics and diversity and how you have used or will use these competencies in your current or future position.
Attach one to three pieces of your chosen previous assignments as artifacts to demonstrate your competencies in the areas of ethics and diversity. Identify the ID and title (for example: EDU599 – Education Capstone) of the courses for which you had produced the assignments.
If you do not have an artifact, attach the descriptions of your chosen previous assignments (This will become your artifact submission). Artifacts do not count as part of the one to two page length requirement.
.
Reflective Personal Development Paper(25 Points)5-to-6 p.docxcarlt3
Reflective Personal Development Paper
(25 Points)
5-to-6 page paper [double-space, APA style]
Students will write a narrative essay about your own life, describing the experiences that have shaped your views of race, culture, and issues of diversity and how your life experiences, perceptions, education, and family background have led to your current ideas about teaching and learning diverse
student populations.
By researching and studying your own family background, it is possible to gain an appreciation about ways in which we share many similarities and differences. As a brief, introductory section of this assignment, try to gather as much information as you can about your family background including
religious affiliation, ethnicity, culture, language(s), country of origin, education/occupation and any other information you think is of interest and value. Then, reflect on your own experiences in terms of your cultural reference, your family background, your interactions with others unlike yourself, and other factors determined by your own circumstances and your upbringing. Include SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF EVENTS AND SITUATIONS
that you feel shaped your views on these issues. Be sure to situate your
examples in the context of assumptions about schooling and education.
Write a five to six page paper [double-space, APA style] recapturing your recollections and emphasizing your experiences with cultural diversity as a student in elementary, secondary, and higher education.
Some suggested questions you may want to ask yourself:
What messages did I receive growing up a
bout what it meant to be a member of my racial/
ethnic group, religious, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic class, etc.? How has these, or later life situations that challenged it, informed the way you interact with students or colleagues or parents, either in or out of your group?
Have you been encouraged (or forced) to think about issues like racism, sexism, heterosexism/homophobia, or classism? If so, how did those experiences shape your teaching and/or learning? If not, how has the lack of consideration of those issues informed your teaching and/or learning?
What are some of your life experiences, or dimensions of your identity, that give you a unique insight into multicultural issues?
What are some of the areas or isms with which you still struggle? What are some of your stereotypes or prejudices? How might you confront them?
Try to think deeply about parts of your identity that put you in a privileged group (whiteness for race, maleness for gender, heterosexuality for sexual orientation, uppermiddle class for socioeconomic status, etc.) and the inequities around those areas. Challenge yourself. Use this as an opportunity to
practice and model self-critique.
Suggested Format
-Family History Family Background
Life Experience
Cultural Experiences
Childhood
Adolescence
College and beyond
Adulthood
-Impact on Teaching
Personal Im.
Reflective practice is crucial in education and becomes the foundati.docxcarlt3
Reflective practice is crucial in education and becomes the foundation for ongoing growth and development as a professional. Reflect on how you plan to continue growing in your practice and utilize district, academic, or personal resources to support you. How has the reflective process helped you to identify your personal and professional goals? How do you intend to meet those goals?
.
Reflective Journal 9 Benefits and Dangers of Social NetworksW.docxcarlt3
Reflective Journal 9: Benefits and Dangers of Social Networks
Write a 3/4 to 1 page journal entry (300 to 500 words) in which you:
1. Discuss two or three (2-3) benefits you or others have experienced with social networks.
2. Discuss one or two (1-2) dangers you or others have experienced with social networks.
3. Complete the page requirement.
4. Write with clarity, following mechanics and formatting requirements.
The specific course learning outcome(s) associated with this assignment are:
· Apply critical thinking skills to the analysis of issues involving mass media and society.
· Analyze ways in which different types of media content reflect and / or influence society’s attitudes and behaviors.
· Analyze various issues affecting the media business.
· Evaluate the effects of new forms of media (e.g., online services) on social interactions.
· Write clearly and concisely about media and society using proper writing mechanics.
Grading for this assignment will be based on answer quality, and language and writing skills, using the following rubric.
Click here to view the grading rubric.
Data Analysis and Reporting
Chapter 15
Data ManagementIncludes coding, cleaning, and organizing data into a usable format (preparing for analysis)
Coding – assigning labels so data can be read and understood by a computer (e.g., 1=yes, 2=no)
Cleaning – values are valid and consistent (e.g., 1=true, 2=false, there should be no 3s); Also, need to deal with missing data
Data AnalysisBegins with being able to identify the variables
Variables – a characteristic or attribute that can be measured or observed (Creswell, 2002)
Types of variables: independent (controlled or cause or exert some influence) and dependent (are outcome variables that are being studied)
Also, the level(s) of data collected are importantNominal OrdinalNumerical (interval and ratio)
Data Analysis (cont.)Descriptive statistics – used to organize, summarize and describe characteristics
Inferential statistics – concerned with relationships and causality to make generalizations about a population based on a sample
AnalysesUnivariate (1 variable) Bivariate (2 variables)Multivariate (More than 2 variables)
Examples of Evaluation Questions Answered
Univariate Data AnalysesOne variable at a time
Summary counts (frequency distributions)
Measures of central tendency – e.g., mean, median, and mode
Measures of spread or variation – e.g., range, standard deviation, variance
Bivariate AnalysesCan be non-statistical comparisonsExample of non-statistical comparisons (eyeballing the data)
Male Female
Yes 35 62
No 50 46
Bivariate Analyses (cont.)HypothesesNull: statement of no significant difference Type I error – rejecting the null hypothesis when it is trueType II error – failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is not true (accepting a false null hypothesis)Level of significance (alpha level) – probability of making a type I error; e.g., p<.01A.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND PAIN .docxcarlt3
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND PAIN 5
Relationship Between Depression and Pain Among College Students in Us
Kean University
Research and Technology
05/08/20
Expected Results
Since correlation and regression analysis will be used to test the research hypothesis, it is expected that the results of the research will show there is a positive relationship between depression and pain among college students in the United States. From the literature reviewed, it was clear that chronic pain is a predisposing factor for depression. The results will show that a higher percentage of people who are depressed also experience pain. The results can be summarized using figure 1 below.
Figure 1: relationship between pain and depression.
The results will show that people who are in pain and depressed often turn to drugs to manage pain. Drug abuse among the depressed people is expected to high as the ability to manage stress is annihilated by pain. It is also expected that the relationship between depression and pain will be pronounced among women participants than among the male counterparts. The coefficient of correlation between pain and depression will be higher in women than in men. People experiencing chronic pain have an escalated risk of experiencing mood disorders such as depression. Another significant proportion with persistent pain suffers from clinical depression. Conversely, depression should also have the ability to increase severity of chronic pain
There are other factors such that mediate the relationship between chronic pain and depression. These include religious practices, values and beliefs. Similarly, meditation and prayer can help reduce the strength of the relationship between the two variables. This is in line with the published literature that highlights that positive psychological factors that can be used in helping people adjust to pain and optimism. Hope has been identified as one of the psychological factors that can be used in reducing pain and depression as it increases the likelihood of a person accepting the pain and suffering and hence coping positively.
Discussion:Potential Significance of the Results
Pain and depression are closely intertwined. As such, there is a positive relationship between chronic pain and depression. Just as depression can cause pain, pain can also cause depression. If not effectively managed, pain and depression can create a vicious cycle where chronic pain worsens the manifesting symptoms of depression. The depression that results also worsens the experiential pain.
Women are more vulnerable to depression because they are too emotional. Women have a lower tolerance to pain and hence become easily depressed (Amirifard et al., 2017). This explains why the coefficient of correlation between pain and depression is higher for women and men. It therefore follows that teaching women pain management skills can empower women to avoid getting depress.
RELATED COVERAGEA More Streamlined CharityJULY 26, 201.docxcarlt3
RELATED COVERAGE
A More Streamlined Charity
JULY 26, 2013
N.Y. / REGION
In Lieu of Money, Toyota Donates Efficiency to New
York Charity
By MONA ELNAGGAR JULY 26, 2013
The Food Bank for New York City is the country’s largest anti-hunger
charity, feeding about 1.5 million people every year. It leans heavily, as
other charities do, on the generosity of businesses, including Target,
Bank of America, Delta Air Lines and the New York Yankees. Toyota
was also a donor. But then Toyota had a different idea.
Instead of a check, it offered kaizen.
A Japanese word meaning “continuous improvement,” kaizen is a main
ingredient in Toyota’s business model and a key to its success, the
company says. It is an effort to optimize flow and quality by constantly
searching for ways to streamline and enhance performance. Put more
simply, it is about thinking outside the box and making small changes
to generate big results.
Toyota’s emphasis on efficiency proved transformative for the Food
Bank.
At a soup kitchen in Harlem, Toyota’s engineers cut down the wait time
for dinner to 18 minutes from as long as 90. At a food pantry on Staten
Island, they reduced the time people spent filling their bags to 6
minutes from 11. And at a warehouse in Bushwick, Brooklyn, where
volunteers were packing boxes of supplies for victims of Hurricane
Sandy, a dose of kaizen cut the time it took to pack one box to 11
seconds from 3 minutes.
Daryl Foriest, director of distribution at the Food Bank’s pantry and soup kitchen in Harlem, was
skeptical at first of the Toyota engineers’ efforts. “The line of people waiting to eat is too long,” he told
them. “Make the line shorter.” They did. James Estrin/The New York Times
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Mayor de Blasio Used
Personal Email for City
Matters, Memo Says
After 62 Years and Many
Battles, Village Voice to
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Improve on Test Scores,
but Not All Are Safe
Police Union Complains of
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Toyota has “revolutionized the way we serve our community,” said
Margarette Purvis, the chief executive and president of the Food Bank.
But Toyota’s initial offer to the charity in 2011 was met with
apprehension.
“They make cars; I run a kitchen,” said Daryl Foriest, director of
distribution at the Food Bank’s pantry and soup kitchen in Harlem.
“This won’t work.”
New York Today
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When Toyota insisted it would, Mr. Foriest presented the company with
a challenge.
“The line of people waiting to eat is too long,” Mr. Foriest said. “Make
the line shorter.”
Toyota’s engineers went to work. The kitchen.
Related Reading Chapter 12 (Parrott text)Chapter.docxcarlt3
Related Reading:
Chapter 12 (Parrott text)
Chapters 10, 11, and 12 (Baldwin et al. text)
Acts 15:1-29, 1 Corinthians 12:4-27, Rom. 12:4-8.
Prompt: After completing the lecture and reading assignments, describe an effective leadership approach from a biblical perspective. Include the following:
Describe core attributes.
Support with Scripture.
Describe style and approach.
Distinguish from popular models in purpose and perception.
Include an assessment of your leadership strengths and how you can use this information to increase your success as a leader. Use the
StrengthsFinder 2.0
source—use the code to access the website and further explore your strengths.
Requirements: 750 words minimum, two scholarly sources, APA format
.
Relating to triaging mobile evidence thoroughly explainDevice.docxcarlt3
Relating to triaging mobile evidence thoroughly explain:
Devices powered off as it relates to:
Isolated network, wifi, and Bluetooth
Sleep mode
Legal issues
Validating findings
Report
What is mobile forensics
What is computer forensics
Describe two major differences between the two as it relates to extractions
.
Rejepov 1Rejepov 2810229112018Technology and its impact on.docxcarlt3
Rejepov 1
Rejepov 2
81022
9/11/2018Technology and its impact on our environment
2018 was one of the hottest years of the century. And most people claim that the use of modern technology is the reason for such climate change. However, the government spends millions and millions of money on scientists who are researching on eco-friendly technology and source of energy. James Gustave Speth, then-President of the World Resources Institute, in 1992 wrote an article suggesting a national strategy to combine the goals of a healthy environment and a strong economy. He suggests that we can reduce pollution by recycling waste. This process makes products more affordable for people to buy and use. A year after year the eco-friendly technology is becoming more affordable for people. More people are installing solar panels on the roofs of their houses which helps to reduce the use of eco-harmful sources of energy. Scientists calculated that by the end of the XXI century everyone will be using eco-friendly tech products which will reduce the harm to the environment to zero.
Technology requires energy. In the early XX century, the coal was the main source of energy. Years after the coal was changed with oil. In the 1950s scientists started using a nuclear power as a main source of energy. However, none of them are eco-friendly. They deal inevitable damage to our environment, damaging the air we breathe, the atmosphere that protects us from Sun and soil where we plant our vegetables and fruits. The changes scientists started paying attention to the damage we are dealing with the environment in the 1990s. That was the time when scientists started researching on alternative sources of energy. Marine energy, hydroelectric, wind, geothermal and solar power are first renewable and alternative sources of energy. China is one of the first countries to start using renewable energy. In 2004, “The New York Times” published an article which states that the government of China declared by 2010 10 percent of the whole of China’s power will be generated through renewable sources. Indeed, in 2018 China’s 12 percent of power is generated through renewable sources of energy and China is not going to stop on this. Now they are planning to increase that number from 10 percent to 20 by the year 2030. With renewable sources of energy comes the eco-friendly technologies. Some of the tech companies are working on so-called “greenhouses”. This houses are entirely eco-friendly and do not require energy that is harmful to the environment. The price of these houses starts at 75000$ which makes it affordable for people. Also, solar and wind farms are being built which will help to reduce the use of energy sources such as nuclear power.
Tech products are more eco-friendly then they were before. For example, phones these days come with Lithium-ion batteries which lasts for years and requires less electricity. Gas powered cars are now being replaced by electric cars which do not produce.
Assignment 2 Market FormsFor this assignment you will do a sign.docxsherni1
Assignment 2: Market Forms
For this assignment you will do a significant portion of work in MS Excel and import it into an MS Word document for submission. You will use the data below to address Price and Output decisions faced by firms that are not in pure competition. Some numbers may be rounded.
Table 1
Output
Average Fixed cost
Average Variable Cost
Average Total Cost
Marginal Cost
Price
Total Revenue
Marginal Revenue
0
$ 345.00
1
$ 180.00
$ 135.00
$ 315.00
$ 300.00
2
$ 90.00
$ 127.50
$ 217.50
$ 249.00
3
$ 60.00
$ 120.00
$ 180.00
$ 213.00
4
$ 45.00
$ 112.50
$ 157.50
$ 189.00
5
$ 36.00
$ 111.00
$ 147.00
$ 165.00
6
$ 30.00
$ 112.50
$ 142.50
$ 144.00
7
$ 25.71
$ 115.70
$ 141.41
$ 126.00
8
$ 22.50
$ 121.90
$ 144.40
$ 111.00
9
$ 20.00
$ 130.00
$ 150.00
$ 99.00
10
$ 18.00
$ 139.50
$ 157.50
$ 87.00
Address the following:
1. Complete Table-1. Summarize your calculations.
2. Prepare a graph showing:
· Average Fixed Costs
· Average Variable Costs
· Average Total Costs
· Marginal Revenue
· Marginal Costs
3. Using the data in the table and on your graph, explain the profit maximizing, orloss minimizing level of output.
4. Define a normal profit and an economic profit. Are normal profits being earned in this example? Are economic profits present for this firm in this example? Explain your answers.
5. Given the data in the table and the graph, what type of market structure could this be in the short run? Explain your answers.
6. If the data in Table-1 represents the long run, what type of firm must this data represent? Explain your answers.
Save your MS Word document using the filename LastnameFirstInitial_M4A2 and submit it to the M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox by Wednesday, December 2, 2015.
Quotations, paraphrases, and ideas you get from books, articles, or other sources of information should be cited using APA style. Help with citing sources can be found through the Academic Resources page under Course Home.
Assignment 2 Grading Criteria
Maximum Points
Correctly answered all parts of Question 1 and completed Table-1
20
Correctly created a graph showing all required data from Question 2
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 3, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 4, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 5, with accurate and complete explanations
12
Correctly answered all parts of Question 6, with accurate and explanations
12
Wrote in a clear and concise manner following APA standards, and demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation of sources
20
Total:
100
SEE ATTACHMENT PAPER AT THE END!!!
Assignment 3: Using Leadership to Improve Ethical Performance
Due Week 9 and worth points 300
You can (and should) use headings and subheading throughout the paper to highlight you ...
Project Management Methodologies
PPMP20009
Week 10 Lecture
Dr Bernard Wong
[email protected]
1
Assignment 4
Continuous Improvement Plan
Week 12 Friday
Open the course profile to review criteria.
2
Reminder
PPMP20009
Presentation weeks 11 or 12
4
Create your own Deming PDCA cycle relating to the last assignment that you handed in.
Change Management
6
Formulate change
Plan change
Implement change
Manage transition
Sustain change
Take the ‘Act’ segment of the PDCA cycle you created earlier and define the five CM stages.
Formulate change
Plan change
Implement change
Manage transition
Sustain change
Continuous Improvement?
Why are we wanting to improve?
Where are we now?
What are we working with?
If you don’t know where you are going, any road will get you there.
Cheshire Cat
(Alice in Wonderland)
There are a number of things to consider when deciding what level of maturity to aim for.
Why are you wanting to increase your level of maturity in this space?
-Some might be wanting to do it simply as a continuous improvement strategy.
Some may be having issues with the performance of their program and project delivery or portfolio investment returns
Others may need it to be competitive in a market that looks at the P3M3 levels of organisations in the tendering process
Others may be required to undergo a mandatory audit – as did the Qld Govt in 2012.
One organisation that I have spoken with has noted that their environment has become increasingly fiscally constrained and as such funding is much more competitive. They want to increase certain sections of their maturity, specifically relating to benefits management, business case and blueprint development – so that they can be more competitive in seeking funding for initiatives. So in this case they are not necessarily trying to improve their maturity as a whole, but an aspect of it. In doing this however, it is likely that they will have an increase in maturity in other areas as well.
We need to know where you are now to assist in deciding where you want to go. This is where going through an assessment is essential and I do believe in this being independent. You can self assess but this will always be impacted with bias. You need to baseline.
What are you working with? What is your organisational context? What resources do you have both budget and people? Do you have authentic sponsorship or are your leaders just ticking a mandate off? What’s your organisational culture like, are they open to P3 management or are they likely to see effort to increase maturity as unnecessary overhead?
So when we went through this process we were fortunate to have an authentic sponsor, we had a culture of project and program delivery so the staff understood the value of the practice (and I do say practice rather than methodology – as if you have experienced practitioners, they will argue methodology with you – this is a good thing!). We.
Assignment 1Develop and write your personal mission statemenJinElias52
Assignment 1
Develop and write your personal mission statement.
Note
: Developing a strategic plan requires specific steps that need to be executed in a sequence. The assignments in this course are presented in order and should be completed in sequence.
A well-written mission statement can provide the momentum and motivation to take a company to the next level. The same is true of personal mission statement. If you thought about yourself as a company, what would you say about yourself? What values drive you? What is your marketing message? What is your reason for doing what you do?
By successfully completing this assignment , you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assignment criteria:
Competency 2: Participate collaboratively and respectfully.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal commitment to responsibility.
Competency 3: Communicate effectively.
Write coherently to support a central idea in appropriate format with correct grammar, usage, and mechanics.
Competency 4: Plan strategically.
Develop a personal mission statement.
Competency 5: Employ high-performance business management techniques.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal philosophy of quality and image.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal core competencies.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal competitive advantage.
Explain how a mission statement identifies a target customer.
Competency 7: Use appropriate financial models and principles.
Explain how a mission statement reflects personal economic goals.
Note
: Developing a strategic plan requires specific steps that need to be executed in a sequence. The assignments in this course are presented in order and should be completed in sequence.
Develop and write your own personal mission statement. Be clear about your passion, values, goals, and philosophies. Once you have your mission statement articulated, explain how it:
Expresses your image of yourself.
Expresses your values and philosophies.
Identifies what you have to offer.
Explain how your mission statement answers the following questions:
What are your economic goals?
What is your philosophy in terms of quality and image?
What are your core competencies and competitive advantages?
What "customers" do you serve best?
How do you view your responsibilities to those who rely on you?
Format this assignment as a research paper, following current APA guidelines for both style and citing sources, making sure that you also use correct grammar and mechanics. There is no required minimum or maximum page length; however, you should strive to be as detailed as possible in addressing each bullet point while also being as clear and concise as possible.
Assignment 2
Conduct a personal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis.
Note
: Developing a strategic plan requires specific steps that need to be exe ...
PJM6125 Project Evaluation:
Stakeholder Analysis & Evaluation Goal Matrix
Overview and Rationale
For this assignment, you will establish some evaluation goals for your project based on the
method and lens covered in this week’s lecture.
Program and Course Outcomes
This assignment is directly linked to the following key learning outcomes from the course
syllabus:
LO1: Identify and analyze stakeholders associated with performance evaluation.
LO2: Design an evaluation goals matrix incorporating the differences between impact, efficiency,
and effectiveness
LO6: Compare change management procedures needed to respond to the results of both tactical
and non-tactical performance evaluation
L07: Plan and conduct a tactical evaluation using both qualitative and quantitative measures
Essential Components & Instructions
This assignment is completed in two parts. First, using your chosen project that you
submitted as part of Lesson 1, complete the following items:
Stakeholder Register / Analysis:
Create a stakeholder register / analysis that includes the following minimum
columns:
o Stakeholder
o Stakeholder Position / Role
o Type of Stakeholder (internal or external)
o Stakeholder expectation (high level needs or expectations of project)
o Stakeholder interest (high / medium / low)
o Stakeholder influence level (high / medium / low)
o Stakeholder view of project (supportive / neutral / opposed)
o Stakeholder Management strategy (approach to engaging stakeholder to
support success of project)
Once you create the register, create entries for a minimum of 12 - 15 project
stakeholders, performing a full analysis for each of them.
Part 2: Evaluation Goals Matrix:
After completing the stakeholder register, you will create an evaluation goals matrix, as
illustrated in Lesson 2, with an additional column entitled stakeholder. Once you have
designed the evaluation goal matrix, you will need to list at least four evaluation goals for
each category: efficiency, effectiveness, and impact, which will result in a total of 12 metrics
/ goals.
You will be assess on the clarity of the metrics, the concreteness of the measures (Example:
increased performance by 12 percent (concrete) vs. increase performance (not concrete, as
no specific measurement of increase)), and how well the metric will measure the success of
project relative to the overview of the project you provided as a case study.
Format
Below are some key guidelines you will want to ensure you follow in all three elements of
this assignment. Think of this short list as a quality control checklist, along with the
attached grading rubric.
Part 1 and Part 2 (stakeholder analysis and evaluation matrix) should be submitted
as a single file (MsWord or .pdf)
You should include a cover page
You should include a brief summary of your chosen project.
You should format the documents professionally
The tables should be readable.
Running Head: MEMO 1
MEMO 5
Paper 1: FINANCIAL MEMO
June 15, 2017
To: All employees
From: Nelson Mulinya, Senior Manager
Date: June 13th, 2017
Subject: Annual Budget
I would like to request the finance department to present to me the projected cost for the incoming year by 26th June 2017. It has always been a pleasure to receive the budget for the whole year earlier enough and this time I expect nothing less but an excellent presentation. However, due to many hiccups that usually emerge in the course of the year, I would appreciate if this time the budget is broken down on a quarterly basis. I prefer this way as it will help us minimize the risk and ballooning of unexpected cost. The costs must be presented in our normal PowerPoint format, and it should be consistent with general accepted accounting principle (GAAP).
Due to the many projects that the company has this time around, the budget presented should try and minimize the administrative expense to avoid a scenario where the company operates with borrowed cash. The payroll, accounting, and auditing fee must be minimized so that it is used elsewhere. There are also many uncertainties that we expect this time as a result of the real estate market. As a result, this has put us in a position where we cannot make critical decisions at this time. However, this should not prevent us from to speculating and coming up with reasonable figures that can be used as assumed values.
As a way of trying to reduce the recurrent expenditure and increase the investment capital, the company expects something different from the previous budget. The repair and maintenance cost, as well as the utility cost, must be minimized as possible. Capital consideration in budgeting is very imperative as you all know and I expect our business analysts to use two methods of analysis namely qualitative and quantitative method. These are helpful in forecasting the financial projection or growth. For instance, the quantitative methods usually use the expert factor and at some point the human element in budget analysis. The approach is normally based on data and avoids the guesses and perception of people. It will help us in predicting the variables like insurance expenses and contract expenses product, the prices and other things. Some of the quantitative methods include payback, net present value and the average rate of return.
However, from my knowledge and experience, some benefits of capital investment cannot be assessed in monetary values. It is therefore essential for the finance department to also consider qualitative analysis since the use of quantitative analysis can give to misleading information thus making the business to reject a worthy proje ...
Reflective PostAnthony Johnson posted Apr 2, 2020 318 PMThe.docxcarlt3
Reflective Post
Anthony Johnson posted Apr 2, 2020 3:18 PM
The readings and assignments throughout this course have been very important in enhancing my skills and knowledge about human resource management both in the public and private sector. Based on these readings, I was able to learn about the various legal measures that have been established to enhance the welfare of employees across the country from the actions of their employers. In addition, the readings and assignments enabled me to learn about the various approaches that are used by the employers to motivate their employees and ramp up productivity. some of the key concepts that I believe are applicable to my work experience, profession, and career plans for the future include the use of total rewards to motivate employees, the role of employment at will and other legislations, as well as the changes that have been made in employment laws to improve the working conditions for the employees.
Employee motivation has a key role in ensuring that individuals are able to achieve high standards of performance and productivity. Employers use different approaches to ensure that their employees remain fully committed and satisfied with the workplace environment. Lack of satisfaction is likely to negatively impact their performance, which in turn affects the performance of the entire organization. The various legislations that have been passed by the government such as the employment at will, aim at protecting the interests of both the employees and their employers. From the readings and assignments, I was able to learn the rights and obligations that I have as an individual as well as what I should expect from my employer. Such knowledge is important not only for my present career but also for my future career plans.
The government, through the Department of Labor (DoL) has made significant efforts to ensure that the interests of the American employees are adequately protected. At the same time, the government seeks to ensure that the employers are acting in a manner that benefits the economy while focusing on the interests of the employees. Over the years, the regulatory environment has changed, in a bid to adapt to the changes occurring in the workplace. This has ensured that effect HRM practices are adopted across the board thereby enhancing the welfare of all the employees.
One key part of the course that helped shape my perception of the role of HRM in the private sector was the Module 3 Assignments. These assignments enabled me to evaluate some of the tasks carried out by the HRM in private organizations and how they rhyme with the practices in the public sector. Based on the assignments, I was able to learn how legislation such as Employment at Will Doctrine, Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA), and the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) have impacted the private sector human resource management practices.
Module 1 - Background
EQUAL EMPLOYMENT .
Reflective Report
Student Number: 15833856
Module code: HR380
Content of Table
1. Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2. Reflective Report ---------------------------------------------------------------------------3
University experience -------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2.1 Group Report------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3-4
2.1 Extracurricular activity -----------------------------------------------------------5
3. Personal Analysis ---------------------------------------------------------------------------6
Personal Development Plan -----------------------------------------------------------6
4. Conclusion -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
5. Reference ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8
1. Introduction
The aim of this reflective report is to develop a reflective statement concerning the previous experience, and develop a draft idea to assess self-ability in order to enhance future learning or future employability behaviours. The reflection statement is used to measure outputs and allow individuals to look back on their value (Watt et, al.,2001) Therefore, in this report I will demonstrate my university experience particularly “ Developing centre - Group work” and extracurricular activity. I will use both kinds of information to continue from the original learning context; there are two elements to consider in carrying out development areas; combining the elements from the break down experience, which suggests new insight, and finally through evaluation, the action of decision making will be made based on criteria or systematic judgement. (Bloom,1954) An experiential reflection will offer the opportunity to discuss personal context within practicum, as to do so allows an insight and perspective for professional personal growth (Monaghan et al. 2012) as the Kolb’s learning cycle (1984) will be adopted to encourage a high level of reflection approach. Furthermore, a personal development plan will be included in the appendix at the end of the report, which includes the overall competencies that I wish to work on from the past or those competencies that I am planning to work on in the future (Brown, 1995; McMullan et al., 2003; Redman, 1994; Seng and Seng, 1996; Smith and Tillema, 1998; Snadden et al., 1996).
2. Reflective Report
The reflective work is on certain experiences at university and the extracurricular role which demonstrate significant capability for professional competencies, which in order to gain better skills, overcomes conflict and improves future performance.
2.1 The university experience – Group work in developing centre
We did throwback group work on a dev.
Reflective Journal Ethics and DiversityOverviewDuring your .docxcarlt3
Reflective Journal: Ethics and Diversity
Overview
During your course of study in the M.Ed. program you have examined issues relating to ethics in the educational setting and the importance of promoting diversity.
In this journal, you will reflect on these Master's of Education program learning outcomes:
Ethics:
Examine major legal, social, and ethical issues affecting education in diverse learning environments.
Diversity:
Promote differentiated learning and multi-ethnic, multicultural, and global awareness and appreciation in instructional methods, program curricula, and assessment practices.
Requirements:
Write a 1–2 page paper in which you:
Reflect upon what you have learned throughout your coursework related to ethical issues in education, and discuss the fundamental manner in which your ideas, values, beliefs, practices, etc. have or have not changed as a result.
Examine how your coursework in the M.Ed. program and your work experience have helped you to grow in the areas of ethics and diversity and how you have used or will use these competencies in your current or future position.
Attach one to three pieces of your chosen previous assignments as artifacts to demonstrate your competencies in the areas of ethics and diversity. Identify the ID and title (for example: EDU599 – Education Capstone) of the courses for which you had produced the assignments.
If you do not have an artifact, attach the descriptions of your chosen previous assignments (This will become your artifact submission). Artifacts do not count as part of the one to two page length requirement.
.
Reflective Personal Development Paper(25 Points)5-to-6 p.docxcarlt3
Reflective Personal Development Paper
(25 Points)
5-to-6 page paper [double-space, APA style]
Students will write a narrative essay about your own life, describing the experiences that have shaped your views of race, culture, and issues of diversity and how your life experiences, perceptions, education, and family background have led to your current ideas about teaching and learning diverse
student populations.
By researching and studying your own family background, it is possible to gain an appreciation about ways in which we share many similarities and differences. As a brief, introductory section of this assignment, try to gather as much information as you can about your family background including
religious affiliation, ethnicity, culture, language(s), country of origin, education/occupation and any other information you think is of interest and value. Then, reflect on your own experiences in terms of your cultural reference, your family background, your interactions with others unlike yourself, and other factors determined by your own circumstances and your upbringing. Include SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF EVENTS AND SITUATIONS
that you feel shaped your views on these issues. Be sure to situate your
examples in the context of assumptions about schooling and education.
Write a five to six page paper [double-space, APA style] recapturing your recollections and emphasizing your experiences with cultural diversity as a student in elementary, secondary, and higher education.
Some suggested questions you may want to ask yourself:
What messages did I receive growing up a
bout what it meant to be a member of my racial/
ethnic group, religious, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic class, etc.? How has these, or later life situations that challenged it, informed the way you interact with students or colleagues or parents, either in or out of your group?
Have you been encouraged (or forced) to think about issues like racism, sexism, heterosexism/homophobia, or classism? If so, how did those experiences shape your teaching and/or learning? If not, how has the lack of consideration of those issues informed your teaching and/or learning?
What are some of your life experiences, or dimensions of your identity, that give you a unique insight into multicultural issues?
What are some of the areas or isms with which you still struggle? What are some of your stereotypes or prejudices? How might you confront them?
Try to think deeply about parts of your identity that put you in a privileged group (whiteness for race, maleness for gender, heterosexuality for sexual orientation, uppermiddle class for socioeconomic status, etc.) and the inequities around those areas. Challenge yourself. Use this as an opportunity to
practice and model self-critique.
Suggested Format
-Family History Family Background
Life Experience
Cultural Experiences
Childhood
Adolescence
College and beyond
Adulthood
-Impact on Teaching
Personal Im.
Reflective practice is crucial in education and becomes the foundati.docxcarlt3
Reflective practice is crucial in education and becomes the foundation for ongoing growth and development as a professional. Reflect on how you plan to continue growing in your practice and utilize district, academic, or personal resources to support you. How has the reflective process helped you to identify your personal and professional goals? How do you intend to meet those goals?
.
Reflective Journal 9 Benefits and Dangers of Social NetworksW.docxcarlt3
Reflective Journal 9: Benefits and Dangers of Social Networks
Write a 3/4 to 1 page journal entry (300 to 500 words) in which you:
1. Discuss two or three (2-3) benefits you or others have experienced with social networks.
2. Discuss one or two (1-2) dangers you or others have experienced with social networks.
3. Complete the page requirement.
4. Write with clarity, following mechanics and formatting requirements.
The specific course learning outcome(s) associated with this assignment are:
· Apply critical thinking skills to the analysis of issues involving mass media and society.
· Analyze ways in which different types of media content reflect and / or influence society’s attitudes and behaviors.
· Analyze various issues affecting the media business.
· Evaluate the effects of new forms of media (e.g., online services) on social interactions.
· Write clearly and concisely about media and society using proper writing mechanics.
Grading for this assignment will be based on answer quality, and language and writing skills, using the following rubric.
Click here to view the grading rubric.
Data Analysis and Reporting
Chapter 15
Data ManagementIncludes coding, cleaning, and organizing data into a usable format (preparing for analysis)
Coding – assigning labels so data can be read and understood by a computer (e.g., 1=yes, 2=no)
Cleaning – values are valid and consistent (e.g., 1=true, 2=false, there should be no 3s); Also, need to deal with missing data
Data AnalysisBegins with being able to identify the variables
Variables – a characteristic or attribute that can be measured or observed (Creswell, 2002)
Types of variables: independent (controlled or cause or exert some influence) and dependent (are outcome variables that are being studied)
Also, the level(s) of data collected are importantNominal OrdinalNumerical (interval and ratio)
Data Analysis (cont.)Descriptive statistics – used to organize, summarize and describe characteristics
Inferential statistics – concerned with relationships and causality to make generalizations about a population based on a sample
AnalysesUnivariate (1 variable) Bivariate (2 variables)Multivariate (More than 2 variables)
Examples of Evaluation Questions Answered
Univariate Data AnalysesOne variable at a time
Summary counts (frequency distributions)
Measures of central tendency – e.g., mean, median, and mode
Measures of spread or variation – e.g., range, standard deviation, variance
Bivariate AnalysesCan be non-statistical comparisonsExample of non-statistical comparisons (eyeballing the data)
Male Female
Yes 35 62
No 50 46
Bivariate Analyses (cont.)HypothesesNull: statement of no significant difference Type I error – rejecting the null hypothesis when it is trueType II error – failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is not true (accepting a false null hypothesis)Level of significance (alpha level) – probability of making a type I error; e.g., p<.01A.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND PAIN .docxcarlt3
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND PAIN 5
Relationship Between Depression and Pain Among College Students in Us
Kean University
Research and Technology
05/08/20
Expected Results
Since correlation and regression analysis will be used to test the research hypothesis, it is expected that the results of the research will show there is a positive relationship between depression and pain among college students in the United States. From the literature reviewed, it was clear that chronic pain is a predisposing factor for depression. The results will show that a higher percentage of people who are depressed also experience pain. The results can be summarized using figure 1 below.
Figure 1: relationship between pain and depression.
The results will show that people who are in pain and depressed often turn to drugs to manage pain. Drug abuse among the depressed people is expected to high as the ability to manage stress is annihilated by pain. It is also expected that the relationship between depression and pain will be pronounced among women participants than among the male counterparts. The coefficient of correlation between pain and depression will be higher in women than in men. People experiencing chronic pain have an escalated risk of experiencing mood disorders such as depression. Another significant proportion with persistent pain suffers from clinical depression. Conversely, depression should also have the ability to increase severity of chronic pain
There are other factors such that mediate the relationship between chronic pain and depression. These include religious practices, values and beliefs. Similarly, meditation and prayer can help reduce the strength of the relationship between the two variables. This is in line with the published literature that highlights that positive psychological factors that can be used in helping people adjust to pain and optimism. Hope has been identified as one of the psychological factors that can be used in reducing pain and depression as it increases the likelihood of a person accepting the pain and suffering and hence coping positively.
Discussion:Potential Significance of the Results
Pain and depression are closely intertwined. As such, there is a positive relationship between chronic pain and depression. Just as depression can cause pain, pain can also cause depression. If not effectively managed, pain and depression can create a vicious cycle where chronic pain worsens the manifesting symptoms of depression. The depression that results also worsens the experiential pain.
Women are more vulnerable to depression because they are too emotional. Women have a lower tolerance to pain and hence become easily depressed (Amirifard et al., 2017). This explains why the coefficient of correlation between pain and depression is higher for women and men. It therefore follows that teaching women pain management skills can empower women to avoid getting depress.
RELATED COVERAGEA More Streamlined CharityJULY 26, 201.docxcarlt3
RELATED COVERAGE
A More Streamlined Charity
JULY 26, 2013
N.Y. / REGION
In Lieu of Money, Toyota Donates Efficiency to New
York Charity
By MONA ELNAGGAR JULY 26, 2013
The Food Bank for New York City is the country’s largest anti-hunger
charity, feeding about 1.5 million people every year. It leans heavily, as
other charities do, on the generosity of businesses, including Target,
Bank of America, Delta Air Lines and the New York Yankees. Toyota
was also a donor. But then Toyota had a different idea.
Instead of a check, it offered kaizen.
A Japanese word meaning “continuous improvement,” kaizen is a main
ingredient in Toyota’s business model and a key to its success, the
company says. It is an effort to optimize flow and quality by constantly
searching for ways to streamline and enhance performance. Put more
simply, it is about thinking outside the box and making small changes
to generate big results.
Toyota’s emphasis on efficiency proved transformative for the Food
Bank.
At a soup kitchen in Harlem, Toyota’s engineers cut down the wait time
for dinner to 18 minutes from as long as 90. At a food pantry on Staten
Island, they reduced the time people spent filling their bags to 6
minutes from 11. And at a warehouse in Bushwick, Brooklyn, where
volunteers were packing boxes of supplies for victims of Hurricane
Sandy, a dose of kaizen cut the time it took to pack one box to 11
seconds from 3 minutes.
Daryl Foriest, director of distribution at the Food Bank’s pantry and soup kitchen in Harlem, was
skeptical at first of the Toyota engineers’ efforts. “The line of people waiting to eat is too long,” he told
them. “Make the line shorter.” They did. James Estrin/The New York Times
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Greater Share of Mental
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Mayor de Blasio Used
Personal Email for City
Matters, Memo Says
After 62 Years and Many
Battles, Village Voice to
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Police Union Complains of
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Toyota has “revolutionized the way we serve our community,” said
Margarette Purvis, the chief executive and president of the Food Bank.
But Toyota’s initial offer to the charity in 2011 was met with
apprehension.
“They make cars; I run a kitchen,” said Daryl Foriest, director of
distribution at the Food Bank’s pantry and soup kitchen in Harlem.
“This won’t work.”
New York Today
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businesses, arts, sports, dining, style and more.
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When Toyota insisted it would, Mr. Foriest presented the company with
a challenge.
“The line of people waiting to eat is too long,” Mr. Foriest said. “Make
the line shorter.”
Toyota’s engineers went to work. The kitchen.
Related Reading Chapter 12 (Parrott text)Chapter.docxcarlt3
Related Reading:
Chapter 12 (Parrott text)
Chapters 10, 11, and 12 (Baldwin et al. text)
Acts 15:1-29, 1 Corinthians 12:4-27, Rom. 12:4-8.
Prompt: After completing the lecture and reading assignments, describe an effective leadership approach from a biblical perspective. Include the following:
Describe core attributes.
Support with Scripture.
Describe style and approach.
Distinguish from popular models in purpose and perception.
Include an assessment of your leadership strengths and how you can use this information to increase your success as a leader. Use the
StrengthsFinder 2.0
source—use the code to access the website and further explore your strengths.
Requirements: 750 words minimum, two scholarly sources, APA format
.
Relating to triaging mobile evidence thoroughly explainDevice.docxcarlt3
Relating to triaging mobile evidence thoroughly explain:
Devices powered off as it relates to:
Isolated network, wifi, and Bluetooth
Sleep mode
Legal issues
Validating findings
Report
What is mobile forensics
What is computer forensics
Describe two major differences between the two as it relates to extractions
.
Rejepov 1Rejepov 2810229112018Technology and its impact on.docxcarlt3
Rejepov 1
Rejepov 2
81022
9/11/2018Technology and its impact on our environment
2018 was one of the hottest years of the century. And most people claim that the use of modern technology is the reason for such climate change. However, the government spends millions and millions of money on scientists who are researching on eco-friendly technology and source of energy. James Gustave Speth, then-President of the World Resources Institute, in 1992 wrote an article suggesting a national strategy to combine the goals of a healthy environment and a strong economy. He suggests that we can reduce pollution by recycling waste. This process makes products more affordable for people to buy and use. A year after year the eco-friendly technology is becoming more affordable for people. More people are installing solar panels on the roofs of their houses which helps to reduce the use of eco-harmful sources of energy. Scientists calculated that by the end of the XXI century everyone will be using eco-friendly tech products which will reduce the harm to the environment to zero.
Technology requires energy. In the early XX century, the coal was the main source of energy. Years after the coal was changed with oil. In the 1950s scientists started using a nuclear power as a main source of energy. However, none of them are eco-friendly. They deal inevitable damage to our environment, damaging the air we breathe, the atmosphere that protects us from Sun and soil where we plant our vegetables and fruits. The changes scientists started paying attention to the damage we are dealing with the environment in the 1990s. That was the time when scientists started researching on alternative sources of energy. Marine energy, hydroelectric, wind, geothermal and solar power are first renewable and alternative sources of energy. China is one of the first countries to start using renewable energy. In 2004, “The New York Times” published an article which states that the government of China declared by 2010 10 percent of the whole of China’s power will be generated through renewable sources. Indeed, in 2018 China’s 12 percent of power is generated through renewable sources of energy and China is not going to stop on this. Now they are planning to increase that number from 10 percent to 20 by the year 2030. With renewable sources of energy comes the eco-friendly technologies. Some of the tech companies are working on so-called “greenhouses”. This houses are entirely eco-friendly and do not require energy that is harmful to the environment. The price of these houses starts at 75000$ which makes it affordable for people. Also, solar and wind farms are being built which will help to reduce the use of energy sources such as nuclear power.
Tech products are more eco-friendly then they were before. For example, phones these days come with Lithium-ion batteries which lasts for years and requires less electricity. Gas powered cars are now being replaced by electric cars which do not produce.
Reflective Essay- Nursing professionDirectionsImagine or be s.docxcarlt3
Reflective Essay- Nursing profession
Directions:Imagine or be sure to ask your nurse to be specific and provide examples and stories. 300 words per questions below:
Reminder: Respond to the following questions below.
1. Why did you choose nursing as a profession?
1. What was nursing school like for him or her? Ask them:
1. How they managed and balanced work, family and life and the difficulties.
1. The level of commitment to school required to be successful (hrs. required for studying, social life, workload)
1. What their clinical and lab experiences were like.
1. How they prepared for examinations and the NCLEX.
1. Describe their top three patient memories and why they are memorable.
1. What does the phrase “Nurse-Life” mean to this nurse?
1. What is the hardest thing about being a nurse?
1. Reflect and discuss what your thoughts are about the interview. Did the interview change your perspective on nursing, on nursing school or life?
Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2011, pp. 300--313
This paper is part of an ASAP special collection on Social Psychology and Contemporary
Immigration Policy
Economic Dynamics and Changes in Attitudes
Toward Undocumented Mexican Immigrants
in Arizona
Priscila Diaz,∗ Delia S. Saenz, and Virginia S.Y. Kwan
Arizona State University
Mexican immigration to the United States comprises an important social issue
in contemporary public policy debate, particularly given the recent passage of
Arizona’s Senate Bill 1070 (SB 1070). The current study investigated how indi-
viduals’ sentiments toward undocumented Mexican immigrants shifted between
2006 and 2009 in Arizona, and also examined economic concomitants to these
shifts. Participants included 3,195 culturally diverse students attending a state
university in Arizona. They reported their attitudes toward undocumented Mex-
ican immigrants regarding housing, employment, values, social welfare, citizen-
ship, health care, and education issues. Results show less-positive attitudes as
each year progressed among European and Latino Americans, as well as other
ethnic minorities. Further, anti-undocumented immigrant sentiment increased as
unemployment increased and gross domestic product real growth rate decreased.
Ethnic differences emerged in the relative negativity toward undocumented immi-
grants such that European Americans were less positive towards undocumented
Mexican immigrants than Latinos over 4 years. These findings suggest that eco-
nomic dynamics may beget anti-immigrant sentiment, leading to contentious leg-
islation, such as Arizona’s recent immigration law.
“America has constantly drawn strength and spirit from wave after wave of immigrants. . .They
have proved to be the most restless, the most adventurous, the most innovative, the most
industrious of people.” – Bill Clinton, 42nd U.S. President
Nearly all U.S. citizens have roots in other countries from which they, their
parents, or one of their ancestors from 300 ye.
REL133 v8Hinduism, Jainism, and SikhismREL133 v8Page 2 o.docxcarlt3
REL/133 v8
Hinduism, Jainism, and Sikhism
REL/133 v8
Page 2 of 4
Religion Comparison
Part 1: Hinduism Overview
Hinduism has no founder, but an integration of different beliefs. Its development was influenced by the nomadic Aryan Indo-European races that occupied Northern India. The religions originated from Russia and Central Asia as they attacked the Harappans residing in the area. Veda is the oldest scripture in Hindu that means wisdom and knowledge. It has hymns, prayers and ritual texts introduced during in the ancient times. The secret teachings in Hindu are known as the Upanishads, and it includes the mystical concepts of man and the universe.
Hinduism has a term known as Ramayan and is one of the significant Indian tales. Puranas is a vital source used to understand Hinduism, and it includes the legends, gods, and demons. A common feature between Hinduism and other religions is that most of its festivals fall in two classes (Doniger, 2010). There are those who celebrate saints and others celebrating notable scriptural events. Om is a symbol in Hinduism and used in meditation. The swastika is another symbol associated with a negative connotation in other parts across the world while in Hinduism, it is a sign of luck and fortune.
Part 2: Compare and Contrast Two Religions
Religion 1
Hinduism
Religion 2
Jainism
Similarities
Differences
Points of origin
Jainism and Hinduism came from India. Moreover, they are all knows as the traditional faiths of the Indians.
The existence of Atma
The two religions accept the reality of Atma, also known as the soul. They believe in the immortality of the soul. In the contexts of both religions, the physical body can die, but the spirit that inhabits it lives on and leads to reincarnation.
The ideas of Moska, Karma, and Reincarnation
Jainism and Hinduism both believe in Karma. Karma can refer to the good or bad. They also believe in reincarnation, the idea of life after death (Babb, 2015). Both religions also believe in moska, the liberation from the cycle of life and death. However, the meaning of these concepts is different in each religion.
Temples and Idols
The religious activities in both religions are similar. They both have temples and conduct idol worshiping. They also have times when they fast as a way of worship and purification of the soul.
The concept of Karma
In Hindu, Karma is an essence of transgression to atone for blessings to get in the next life. Jains consider Karma a kind of activity that attaches to the soul in each life. While Hindus try to do the right thing to atone for the spiritual debt, Jains follow actions intended to clean the soul of a polluting nature.
The idea of Moksha
Hindus believe that Moksha and liberation take place where the soul meets the universal soul and results to eternal life in Vishnu’s territory. The Jains considers moksha an activity-less and tranquil that is said to take place in Siddhabhumi.
Animal Sacrifices
Jainism do not engage in ani.
REL 2300 Walters Short Writing Assignment #1 .docxcarlt3
REL 2300
Walters
Short Writing Assignment #1
Please answer the following question with in a one-page essay. What is your opinion of the
influence of religion in American society?
Format
Your response must include these elements:
Topic Sentence: Give a direct and precise answer to the question. State clearly your
position on the question so there is no doubt in the readers’ mind where
you stand.
Definition: Explain how you are using the main terms included in the topic sentence.
Context: Explain where the example to be used comes from and the circumstances
surrounding its relevance.
Example(s) Cite a specific example.
Interpretation: In the case of a quotation taken from the text, interpret it fully. In the case
of a painting describe it completely.
Relationship: Explain the relationship between the example and the position you have
taken on the subject.
Grading Rubric
II n dn d ii c ac a tt oo rr ss
LL ee vv ee ll ss o f o f
AA c hc h ii ee vv ee mm e n te n t
BB ee gg ii n nn n ii n gn g (( 0 )0 ) DD ee vv e le l o po p ii n gn g (( 1 )1 ) CC oo mm pp e te t e n te n t (( 33 )) AA c c oc c o mm pp l i sl i s h e dh e d (( 55 ))
Meaning and Development:
ideas, examples, reasons and
evidence,
point of view
Inappropriate
No viable point of view; little
or no evidence; weak critical
thinking; providing
insufficient reasons or other
support
Appropriate Develops a point
of view; demonstrating some
critical thinking; may have
some inadequate examples,
reasons and other evidence of
support
Effective
Develops a point of view and
demonstrates competent
critical thinking; enough
supporting detail to
accomplish the purpose of the
question
Insightful
Ideas are fresh, mature and
extensively developed;
insightfully develops a point
of view and demonstrates
outstanding critical thinking
Conventions: grammar.
punctuation, spelling,
paragraphing, format
Distracting
Errors interfere with writer’s
ability to consistently
communicate purpose;
pervasive mechanical errors
obscure meaning;
inappropriate format
Fundamental
Errors interfere with writer’s
ability to communicate
purpose; contains an
accumulation of errors; some
weakness in format
Controlled Occasional errors
do not interfere with writer’s
ability to communicate
purpose; generally
appropriate format
Polished Control of
conventions contribute to
the writer’s ability to
communicate purpose;
free of most mechanical
errors; appropriate format
.
REL101(WI) World ReligionsReflection Paper #2The Problem of.docxcarlt3
REL101(WI): World Religions
Reflection Paper #2
The Problem of Evil
The most formidable challenge a believer in God must face is known as “the problem of evil.” This problem, which goes back to ancient times yet is no less distressing today, asks about the relationship between belief in God and the existence of evil in the world. If God is truly good and cares for us, why do bad things continually happen to good people? How can there be so much unmerited evil and suffering in the world if an all-powerful and all-loving creator governs the universe? Like many other faiths, Judaism has had to confront such questions head on. While much of Jewish history is full of pain and suffering, nothing has tested the Jewish faith like the mass slaughter of Jews during the Holocaust (or Shoah). Given God’s covenantal promise of a blessed existence and God’s declaration that the Jews are his “chosen people,” many wonder today how they can possibly square the extermination of 6 million such people with belief in a deity who is said to be both compassionate and just. For this second Reflection Paper, you are asked to weigh in on this conflicted debate. Before you begin to write, consider the discussion of Judaism in class, read carefully the article “The Problem of Evil” posted under “Course Materials” on Blackboard, and research at least two other articles of your choice that address this topic. Then, in your paper, expand this difficult issue to all of the Western religions and offer your best insights on the ongoing attempt to make sense of the problem of evil. If you are a believer, how do you reconcile your belief in an all-powerful, all-loving God and the immense evil that surrounds us? Which of the many solutions to the problem of evil (officially known a “theodicy”), do you find convincing? If you are not committed to a religious belief, what is your opinion about the problem of evil? Is this problem great enough to lead one to atheism, as many have argued? Is one of the counterarguments presented in this discussion particularly powerful?
The Problem of Evil
Introduction: The Great Problem
We live in a world in shadow. It’s a fact, noted by every religion and belief system throughout history, that suffering plagues the human condition. Some of us experience far more pain than others, but it’s something we must all face during our lives. Possibly even worse than the existence of suffering is the randomness with which it strikes—often in the lives of people who have done nothing to deserve it—and our too-frequent powerlessness to help the afflicted innocent.
The great and terrible fact of suffering has been humanity’s constant companion. Our history as a species is a long, slow climb up from the darkness, punctuated by much faltering, backsliding, and frustration. For thousands of years of human history, every day was a struggle to stay alive. Plagues and epidemics swept continents like wildfire. Natural disasters led to the collapse of great empires..
REL 212 WEEK 7 DQWeek 7 Discussion The roots of Christianity a.docxcarlt3
REL 212 WEEK 7 DQ
Week 7 Discussion
The roots of Christianity and the growth of this religion.
Please respond to the following:
Main discussion questions for the week:
We have seen/suggested that Zoroastrianism influenced Judaism. Jesus was a Jew and used the Jewish scripture when he taught. Some even say that Christianity is a sect of Judaism (see Rabbi Norman Solomon, Judaism: A Very Short Introduction). Yet, most Christians claim that their religion is unique.
· Did Zoroastrianism and/or Judaism provide the basis for Christianity or not?
· Pick a side and defend it with three (3) reasons. Explain each reason.
In our chapter we have seen numerous splits in Christianity: In the Book of Acts; the division between Roman Catholicism and the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Protestant Reformation, and on and on. Modern Christianity is sometimes characterized by the split between followers who believe in the literal interpretation of the Bible and those who believe in a figurative interpretation.
· How can one Bible, especially one New Testament, be used to justify so many divisions?
· Is one of these divisions/denomination the "right" denominations? Why?
Be sure to respond to at least one (1) (BELOW) other student.
Samantha Anglin
RE: Week 7 Discussion
Collapse
Top of Form
Total views: 13 (Your views: 1)
Hi Class!
I believe that Zoroastrianism/Judaism provided a basis to Christianity. Since Zoroastrianism did exsist before Christianity, I think this is a major reason why Christianity came about. I will use the example of Hinduism and Buddhism, Buddhism originated mainly from Hinduism (since Hinduism is one of the oldesst realigions) because some people wanted to take some of the philosophies from Hinduism and create their own set of beliefs. Christianity has some of the same basics as Judaism and Zoroastrianism, but they created new philosophies and values to fit the kind of religion that they wanted.
Like the religion, there was a basis that was used to start the religion. It was influenced by many factors including religion and culture so there is going to be one bible that started it all. I think that they all use the Bible as the center stone that each new division expands and revolves on. I think that every single sect can believe that their denomination is the 'right' one, but ultimately the only right one would be the one to start it all.But they are all revolving around the same basis, so it really depends on your morals and values as to which one is the 'right' one.
Bottom of Form
Bottom of Form
9e0c20ee-3de9-4
false
PUBLISHED
Running head: CASE STUDY TEMPLATE 7
CASE STUDY TEMPLATE:
Case Study #
Background Summary
Statement of the Problem
Implications and Alternative
Solution
s
Description of Alternative
Pros
Cons
Explanation of each alternative in detail
Methods for Determining
.
Reimplementation of a bedside shift report 7 Errors are .docxcarlt3
Reimplementation of a bedside shift report 7
* Errors are in red that must be addressed or more points will continue to come off.
· Clarification about the change process is needed; telehealth in ICU is mentioned but not explained as being relevant to BSR. There are many sentence structural issues. See my feedback throughout.
Change Proposal: Reimplementation of a Bedside Shift Report
The identified clinical problem that is relevant to nurses in the workplace is the bedside shift report (BSR). The bedside shift report may be used to help the development of teamwork, ownership, and accountability thus increasing the satisfaction of the nurses. The reason for selecting the reimplementation of a bedside shift report is because; at a targeted facility the implementation of the bedside shift report is becoming poor. This has led to the poor compliance with the standards of practice, and increase costs in the facility. Also, to have a reduced cost by removing overtime pay and scrubbing off legal errors which result in legal fees (Clark et al., 2020). (*Re-phrase this sentence, avoid slang).
The reimplementation of a bedside shift report is important for the nurse practicing in the organization. Bedside shift report assists in improving the experience of the client and improving the handoff care between the nurses through including the family and client in the delivery of care. Bedside shift report is leading to the introduction of a change in the nursing culture i.e. introduction of various methods of communicating patient-specific care at a shift transformation. Shift reports given at the bedside is helping in changing the manner in which nurses are communicating and practicing (Clark et al., 2020).
At the targeted facility, the execution of the bedside shift report is poor and this is associated to the lack of knowledge concerning the role of bedside shift reporting on the patient outcome. The healthcare providers at the facility are not directly engaged in the provision of healthcare. There is poor communication of the goals of the bedside shift reporting and their importance about the positive outcomes and benefits that are involved in the change (Clark et al., 2020).
According to the study by Gregory et al., (2014), the process of assessing the transformation in practice that involves transitioning of the bedside nurse shift handoffs is important. The evaluation process is helpful in the re-implementation plan to help in improving the areas of weaknesses. The evaluation process of the success in the implementation in the practice is assessing the perception of the nurses about the proposed changes i.e. the re-implementation plans. There is evidence showing the positive impacts of the bedside shift report in the safety of the patient, the control of the pain, the satisfaction of the patients, and improvement in the nurse to patient or nurse to nurse communication (Gregory et al., 2014).
A study by Dempsey et al., (2014) reveals t.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Reflective Assessment Category 2 Written Assignment Self-re.docx
1. Reflective
Assessment Category 2: Written Assignment / Self-reflective
writing 1 - Critical Reflection on Dissertation/project
completion
During this week, you are required to submit your second
written summative assessment of 3.600 words, which counts for
the 30% of your overall grade.
Please pay attention on the below Task Requirements:
Task: Provide a critical self-reflection of the process of
completing your dissertation project through different phases.
During the process of completing your dissertation, you have
gone through different phases as an attempt to act as business
consultants and assist the client to meet its requirements. In
order to do this successfully you have gone through the
identification of aims and objectives towards client’s
requirements, located and discussed industry’s related
information as supportive evidence for business position and
your aims and objectives towards the suggestions you made,
completed an A3 map including a Gantt Chart that comprised a
concise summary of the problem and solution as well a
communication tool for reporting problems and suggestions for
improvement to management.
Now in this summative assessment you need to identify how the
process of completing your dissertation/project that included the
above brief main steps will assist you to apply this knowledge
to your business’ future operations as well identify how this
learning process expanded your thinking as well developed your
skills as future business leader.
2. You can approach your Self Reflective writing as per the below:
1. Assumptions 25%
Why it is critical to identify clearly stated business’
requirements? If the clients’ requirements were not provided in
a pre-determined view and you were responsible to identify or
assume what is required to improve a business, will you be able
to summarize all the information needed? You can rely your
answers based on the below:
· Challenging assumptions ie double loop learning (Argyris and
Schon, 1974)
· Reflection, reflectivity and reflexivity
2. Ethics and values 25%
How did you come up with the specific aims and objectives?
Did your ethical principles and values play any role to your
proposed intentions to come up with certain aims and objectives
to assist the Client to meet its requirements? Should our aims
and objectives reflect corporate social responsibility by
avoiding decisions that could possible harm organizations or
society?
You can rely your answers based on the below:
· Understanding our personal values
· Transactional Analysis Drivers (Kahler, 1975)
· Be perfect; Be strong; Try hard; Please people; Hurry up
· The impact of values on professional work (Anti) -
discriminatory practices (Thompson, 2012)
3. Time Management 25%
Why it is important to create a Gantt chart that outlines the
3. main tools and timeframes of the completion of your
suggestions? Do you believe that listing down certain
timeframes for future actions may impact the way of dealing
with tasks?
4. Learning from Experience and Moving Forward 25%
In case you will identify similar requirements in your business
environment, will you do the same process again? I yes why, if
not what would you do differently going forwards? You can rely
your answers based on the below:
· Theoretical models of experiential learning
· Driscoll’s ‘What’ model (2007)
· Kolb’s Experiential Learning Cycle (1984)
· Progression and Regression (Illeris, 2014)
· Managing change as a way of moving forward
· Managing stress as a way of moving forward
· Moving from ‘doing reflection’ to ‘reflection as a way of
being’ as a way of moving forward.
Guidelines for completion:
1. The word limit is 3.600 words, +/- 10% inclusive of
appendices. Bear in mind that the appendices count towards the
word limit so avoid including organisational material such as
annual reports in any appendices.
2. Where you quote directly or take ideas from something you
have read you must reference these correctly using the Harvard
referencing system, not numbered footnotes.
3. Assignments should be word-processed in Times New Roman
12 point type.
4. As this is a self reflective practice within your writing you
can use of the first person such as ‘I’ or ‘we’.
4. PART B: Reflective Portfolio.
The completed Reflective Portfolio that includes ALL the
sections MUST BE SUBMITED through the VLE link for
GRADING. Prior of submitting make sure that the document
includes the following:
1) Cover Page and List of Contents
2) Assumptions
3) Ethics and Values
4) Time Management
5) Learning from Experience and Moving Forward
6) References (if you are using text-citations and theoretical
viewpoints)
Word limit 3.600 (+/- 10%)
REFLECTIVE PORTFOLIO
Assessment Category 2: Written Assignment / Self reflective
writing 1 - Critical
Reflection on Dissertation/project completion
Dear Students,
During this week, you are required to submit your second
written summative
assessment of 3.600 words, which counts for the 30% of your
5. overall grade.
Please pay attention on the below Task Requirements:
Task:
Provide a critical self reflection of the process of completing
your
dissertation project through different phases.
During the process of completing your dissertation, you have
gone through
different phases as an attempt to act as business consultants and
assist the
client to meet its requirements. In order to do this successfully
you have gone
through the identification of aims and objectives towards
client’s requirements,
located and discussed industry’s related information as
supportive evidence for
business position and your aims and objectives towards the
suggestions you
made, completed an A3 map including a Gantt Chart that
comprised a concise
summary of the problem and solution as well a communication
tool for reporting
problems and suggestions for improvement to management.
Now in this summative assessment you need to identify how the
6. process of
completing your dissertation/project that included the above
brief main steps will
assist you to apply this knowledge to your business’ future
operations as well
identify how this learning process expanded your thinking as
well developed
your skills as future business leader.
You can approach your Self Reflective writing as per the below:
1. Assumptions 25%
Why it is critical to identify clearly stated business’
requirements? If the clients’
requirements were not provided in a pre-determined view and
you were
responsible to identify or assume what is required to improve a
business, will you
be able to summarize all the information needed? You can rely
your answers
based on the below:
Challenging assumptions ie double loop learning (Argyris and
Schon,
1974)
Reflection, reflectivity and reflexivity
2. Ethics and values 25%
How did you come up with the specific aims and objectives?
7. Did your ethical
principles and values play any role to your proposed intentions
to come up with
certain aims and objectives to assist the Client to meet its
requirements? Should
our aims and objectives reflect corporate social responsibility
by avoiding
decisions that could possible harm organizations or society??
You can rely your
answers based on the below:
Understanding our personal values
Transactional Analysis Drivers (Kahler, 1975)
o Be perfect; Be strong; Try hard; Please people; Hurry up
The impact of values on professional work
(Anti) -discriminatory practices (Thompson, 2012)
3. Time Management 25%
Why it is important to create a Gantt chart that outlines the
main tools and
timeframes of the completion of your suggestions? Do you
believe that listing
down certain timeframes for future actions may impact the way
of dealing with
tasks?
4. Learning from Experience and Moving Forward 25%
In case you will identify similar requirements in your business
environment,
will you do the same process again? I yes why, if not what
would you do
differently going forwards? You can rely your answers based on
the below:
8. Theoretical models of experiential
learning o Driscoll’s ‘What’ model
(2007)
o Kolb’s Experiential Learning Cycle (1984)
Progression and Regression (Illeris, 2014)
Managing change as a way of moving forward
Managing stress as a way of moving forward
Moving from ‘doing reflection’ to ‘reflection as a way of
being’ as a way of
moving forward.
Guidelines for completion:
1. The word limit is 3.600 words, +/- 10% inclusive of
appendices. Bear in mind
that the appendices count towards the word limit so avoid
including
organisational material such as annual reports in any
appendices.
2. Where you quote directly or take ideas from something you
have read you
must reference these correctly using the Harvard referencing
system, not
numbered footnotes.
3. Assignments should be word-processed in Times New Roman
12 point type.
4. As this is a self reflective practice within your writing you
9. can use of the first
person such as ‘I’ or ‘we’.
Plagiarism
You are free to quote directly or indirectly from any
publication, provided that you
give a reference for the author or originator. In other words, if
the research or the
views you cite are not your own, then you MUST acknowledge
your source(s), in
accordance with the Harvard style whereby citations are made
in the text by
author and date, with a full alphabetical listing at the end of the
paper. If you fail
to acknowledge your sources, you run the risk of being accused
of plagiarism,
which is an academic offence. The University’s guidelines on
academic offences
are available online.
http://asaqs.southwales.ac.uk/documents/download/5/
Please note that tutors cannot read large amounts of material
prior to handing in,
so please do not ask them to do so. We can advise on style and
overall structure
but will not proof read. Draft assignments cannot be evaluated
by module staff.
Please submit your work through the Turnitin link set up in the
Assessment folder
on the module’s Blackboard site. Please use your University
identification
number, not your name, and ensure that the document is clearly
marked in terms
of your Scheme, the module and the module leader. Number
10. each page of the
document submitted. It is recommended that you place your
identification
number on each separate page of the document.
Length: A word processed self reflective essay of 3,600 (+/-
10%) words
(inclusive of appendices, NOT inclusive of references).
Submission deadline: End of week 15
http://asaqs.southwales.ac.uk/documents/download/5/
REFERENCES
Argyris C. and Schon, D. (1974), Theory in Practice: Increasing
Professional
Effectiveness, San Francisco, CA: Jossey- Bass
Driscoll, J. (2007), (ed), Practising Clinical Supervision: A
Reflective Approach
for Healthcare Professionals, Edinburgh: Baliere Tindall,
Elsevier.
Illeris, K, (2014), Transformative Learning and Identity,
Abingdon: Routledge
Kahler, T., (1975), ‘Drivers – the key to the process script,’
Transactional
11. Analysis Journal, 5/3, 280-4
Kolb, D. (1984), Experiential Learning: Experience as the
Source of Learning and
Development, New Jersey: Prentice Hall
Thompson, N. (2012), Anti-Discriminatory Practice, 5
th
Edn, Basingstoke:
Palgrave Macmillan
Reflection
Highlights the need for further research, based on the economic
impacts of renewable energy developments on the Welsh
tourism industry
(particularly industry based research)
This
Report
contributes to raising awareness regarding
the economic impacts that onshore wind energy has on the
tourism sector in Wales
.
Further research into economically focused case studies is on
going
Further Development of Supporting Theory is ongoing
Porter’s Diamond was taken out of V2 due to a difficulty in
linking to the other models and relevance to the objectives.
Contribution
Will show a clear understanding of the size, growth, trends and
success factors of the tourism industry in the 7 Strategic Search
Areas
12. by using market analysis to determine
the size and future trends of the sector, using desk research
from industry and government data and also using survey to
capture survey from local stakeholders
.
To determine the economic impact of proposed developments on
the tourism industry; by using number of analytical tools to
look at the benefits and
dis
-benefits
, such as a PEST analysis focusing on economic trends to
measure potential economic impacts. Also using a Cost Benefit
Analysis to see whether the potential benefits outweigh the
potential
dis
benefits (particularly at an economic level)
T
o determine how Wind Farm developments could enable tourist
activity in Wales
, by using an input-output analysis to measure the relationship
between wind farm development and the tourism industry and
also by looking at the economic effects of this relationship in
terms of multipliers.
Shall provide complimentary support to the achievement of the
key project aims, including; potential for positive economic
impact in the Welsh tourism sector
Supporting Theory
Objective Based:
Stakeholder Mapping
Mendelow
(1991)
–
to identify key stakeholders and to identify interests of
stakeholders in relation to economic impacts of tourism in
Wales.
Also identifies possible conflict of interests and can be used to
13. look deeply at the relationships between these stakeholders.
Market Analysis
Kress et al (1994)
–
mainly used to assess the size, growth and future trends of the
tourism sector. Size will focus on volumes (turnover, visitors,
GVA). Trends focuses on potential changes in sector
(opportunities + threats
)(
could change market size). Also uses desk research for industry
figures (Govt, trade etc) as well as attitude surveys.
PEST Analysis
Used
to look at the political, economic, socio cultural, technological
changes in the business environment
.
Helps to identify potential opportunities and threats (particular
focus on economical side).
Cost Benefit Analysis
Depuit
(1844)
– used to measure the positive and negative consequences of a
project
over a period of time
, while including s
ocial and environmental impacts.
Used to see if it is economically beneficial to the regions in
terms of tourist activity.
Can be a quantifiable way of comparing other projects.
Input-Output Analysis
Leontif
(1966)
– used to identify interrelationships in a regional economy
which may lead to a multiplier effect
14. , focusing on economic activities (output/GVA, employment,
income).
Looks for direct, indirect and induced economic effects from
wind farm development into tourism.
SWOT Summary
Andrews et al (1969)
– to summarise the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,
threats of the project. Used as
summary
of an external
analysis (stakeholder
, market and PEST)
and internal analysis
(Cost Benefit and Input-Output)
in order to show complete potential of the project.
Industry Based:
TAN-8
Welsh Assembly Government
(
2005
)
Economic Opportunities for Wales from future onshore wind
developments
RenewableUK
(
2013
)
Onshore Wind: Direct & wider economic impacts
RenewableUK
(
2012
)
Community Commitment: The benefits of onshore wind
15. RenewableUK
(
2011
)
Planning Policy Wales: Edition 5
Welsh Assembly Government
(
2012
)
Investigation into the potential impact of wind farms on tourism
in Wales
NFO World Group
(
2003
)
The Economic Impacts of wind farms on Scottish Tourism
Moffat
Centre 2008
)
Economic Impacts of Tourism
Stynes
D
(
2001
)
The Ontario Tourism Regional Economic Impact Model
(TRIEM)
Centre for Spatial Economics
(
2008
)
Assessing the Economic Impact of Wind Farms on Tourism in
Scotland:
GIS
Riddington
16. (2010)
Deliverables
Understand the size of the tourism industry in areas of current
and potential wind farm development, by looking at:
Stakeholder Mapping
Market Analysis tools
Determine the economic impact of proposed developments on
tourism – using benefits and
dis
-benefits, by looking at:
PEST Analysis
Cost Benefit Analysis
(Focusing on economic benefits and
dis
benefits)
Determine how wind farms may enable tourism activity, by
looking at:
Input-Output Analysis (Focusing on the Multiplier Effect)
SWOT Summary
Client Requirements
To
Undertake
a study to estimate the economic impact on the Welsh tourism
industry from on shore wind farms and any of its associated
infrastructure.
This study shall strengthen the projects potential to
:
Increase Tourism activity in Wales
Increase
economic activity in
the tourism sector in
Wales
Increase employment
from wind farm developments
Identify the adv
41. E
Stakeholder Meetings/ Conversations1 Week
A,D
F Stakeholder Priorisation2 Weeks
A,D
G Stakeholder Matrix (incl. Prioritisation and Objectives)1
Week
A,D,E,F
HSoftware Benchmarking3 Weeks
C
I Data Collection Process1 Week
C
J Benchmark Analysis2 Weeks
C,I
KObjective 2 - Structural Requirements8 Weeks
B
LSystem Environment Analysis3 Weeks
B
M Interview with the IT Leader/ Application Owners1 Week
B
N Producing of IT Environment Graphics2 Weeks
B,M
O Need Analysis1 Week
B,M,N
PPersonnel Analysis3 Weeks
L
Q Project Role Planning (Which roles are necessary?)2 Weeks
L
R Actual State Analysis (Does the company has the staff?)1
Week
L,Q
SRisk Identification and Analysis8 Weeks
B
T Risk Identification4 Weeks
B
U Risk Evaluation3 Weeks
42. B,T
V Risk Ranking (Matrix)2 Weeks
B,T,U
WObjective 3 - Resources Requirements7 Weeks
K
XProject Time Planning3 Weeks
K
Y Project Break Down and Time Estimation2 Weeks
K
Z Draw Network Diagram1 Week
K,Y
AA Draw Gantt Chart1 Week
K,Y,Z
ABLife-Cycle Cost Analysis4 Weeks
X
AC Analysing Types of Costs and Necessary Activities2
Weeks
X
AD Data (Cost) Collection for Revealed Activities2 Weeks
X, AC
AE Cost Accumulation1 Week
X,AC,AD
AFProducing the Study3 Weeks
B,K,W
AGRecommendations2 Weeks
B,K,W
AHStudy Submission1 Week
B,K,W,AF,AG
AIPresentation of the Results1 Week
B,K,W,AF,AG
AJ
Evaluation Meeting1 Week
B,K,W,AF,AG
Key:
Slack Time
Ancillary Process
43. W
AF
Gantt Chart
Critical PathBK
Timeframe (6 months = 26 Weeks)
AJ
DISSERTATION PROJECT:
A SCOPING STUDY DETAILING THE NECESSARY
REQUIREMENT
FOR DEVELOPING A BUSINESS APP
A PROJECT BID FOR COMPANY X
Executive Summary
This document below is a report bid for Company X which
intends to obtain a scoping study on the necessary requirements
of developing a business mobile app. The report gives an
overview of factors that needs to be considered before
committing resources to the app development process and also
help the company in making preparations that will help manage
the development of the app and increase the possibility of a
successful outcome. The bid covers those issues highlighted by
the client and provide a guide to executing the project by
formulating aim and objectives targeted at giving form to the
44. study. Secondly, the report delivers a detailed theory section
that support the tools and techniques used for analysis and also
focused on identifying and explaining the relevant methods used
in completing the study in a clear manner. Thirdly, in a bid to
achieving successful and timely result, the report used the Gantt
chart in planning and determining where and when an activity
needs to be performed. This technique is applied so as to
ascertain and describe the various activities that needs to be
taken to complete the bid timely and effectively through the
adoption of the Gantt chart in planning the events. Lastly is the
contribution of the tools and techniques used in producing the
study of relevance to the project and why they have been
adopted in the study. The procedures and processes undergone
in producing this report represents the best practices and serves
as an eye opener in the area of app building and design.
Table of Contents
1.0 Client Aim and Objectives4
2.0 Supporting Theory5
2.1 Objective 15
2.1.1. Market Analysis5
2.1.2 Interactive model analysis6
2.2 Objective 28
2.2.1. Stakeholder mapping8
2.2.2. Task/technology fit analysis9
2.3 Objective 312
2.3.1. Examination of app development processes12
2.3.2 SWOT analysis13
3.0 Gantt Chart15
3.1 Gantt Chart Methodology16
4.0 Contribution18
4.1 Market Analysis18
4.2 Interactive model analysis18
4.3. Stakeholder Mapping19
4.4. Task/technology Fi19
4.5. Examination of the app development process20
45. 4.6. SWOT analysis20
5.0 References21
6.0 Appendices24
6.1 Appendix 1 – First version of A3 Map24
6.2Appendix 2 – Second version of A3 Map25
6.3 Appendix 3 – Third version of A3 Map26
1.0 Client Aim and Objectives
Company X an SME in the food sector has made a call for
consultants to undertake a scoping study on the necessary
requirements for developing an app for the business based on
their understanding of key facts and the importance of apps in
increasing both sales and visibility of businesses.
Therefore, the Company is looking to engage a consultant to
undertake a scoping study for the requirements of developing a
mobile app so as to ensure the company’s:
· Visibility to customers at all times
· Provide value to customers
· Create a direct marketing channel
· Cultivate customer loyalty
· Stand out from competition
· Build brand recognition
As stated above, the purpose of this report is to conduct a
scoping study on app development for Company X, utilising
effective scoping techniques so as to achieve the study
objectives as stated below:
Objective 1: Aim at evaluating mobile app designs and
suitability in line with the business goals, this is done by:
· Conducting market analysis
· Utilising interactive model analysis
Objective 2: Aim at reviewing the app design components for
the business by:
· Conducting stakeholder mapping
· Adopting the principles of task /technology fit
Objective 3: Strategising for effect app development and
launching by:
· Examining mobile app development processes
46. · Carrying out SWOT analysis
The methodology used is this study is designed to provide the
client with high valued service which is aimed at realising the
business objective of developing a business app that will
facilitate business transactions in a timely manner. Also, the
study is conducted using information obtained from industry
based studies, case studies and past researches. Furthermore,
organisation wide assessment tour will be carried out in order to
collect necessary information required for the development and
content of the app and also point the usefulness of the study to
the client while providing critical analysis that justify the
methodology used in the study. 2.0 Supporting Theory
The significance of this section is to conduct a detailed
evaluation of academic theories significant to and applied in
this study while the theories will help in identifying and
evaluating the framework from industrial based practices that
are relevant to the study. In order to accurately carry out a
scoping study on the requirements for developing a business
app for Company X, the section focuses on theories that allows
for full analysis of the objectives of this study. The objectives
are explained as follows: 2.1 Objective 1
2.1.1. Market Analysis
Going by the objective which is aimed at evaluating mobile
application design for business use, it is therefore vital to carry
out market analysis in order to identify the market the business
is serving and consider the best app design that fit both the
market and the technology being introduced into the business.
Market analysis is an early step in deciding whether there is an
audience or a need for an idea (i.e. introducing a mobile app)
while an understanding of the market needs and the complexity
of what they can cope with provides businesses with relevant
information that is important in developing a unique marketing
plan (Slater et al; 1995). Market analysis help to describe the
stakeholders characteristics, competition, target customers
profile and how the company can gain advantage over others in
47. marketing its products and service in order to create a
successful business venture (Dalgic and Leeuw, 1994). So for
Company X to embark on developing an effective business
mobile app, a market analysis needs to be conducted primarily
for the following reasons according to Slater et al, (1995):
To determine if the target market is properly understood with
regards to their needs, expectation and preferences, also it help
to determine if the app need to be integrated into an existing
care pathway and how, i.e. does the app need to run on a
particular operating system or hardware device and finally
consider if the app should be paid for, free or should it come
with an existing service.
Mobile app development can be time consuming and expensive
endeavour therefore, careful consideration aimed at developing
a mobile app can be done through market analysis in order to
meet a clearly identified need of the market (University of
Bristol, 2016).
Also, market analysis has the potential of helping the company
in knowing the make up of the potential users in order to design
the features they can cope with and designing these features in
the app, how users will have access to the app (i.e. do customers
need to register and generate user name and password), the level
of transactions that can be carried out via the app, the aspect the
of the app that the public will be allowed to access and
restricted from etc. (Educause, 2011).
2.1.2 Interactive model analysis
An interactive application is a system in which the user interact
with the computer in a conversational mode (Aaker and
Weinberg, 1975). This model is an abstraction of a real world
system which demonstrates the interactive relationship that
exist between supplier’s offer and the buyer’s perceive product
(Linn, 2010, Aaker and Weinberg, 1975). This model structure
the means available for the business (supplier) to induce meta
as well as physical values which are realised in the in the world
of the buyers’ perception (Linn, 2010). The idea of businesses
48. using computer terminals in communicating directly with
models was proposed, and in an increasing number of
organisations the idea is becoming a reality (Aaker and
Weinberg, 1975). The motive behind this is that businesses
conceive a total product that is perceived as having a value
higher than the price asked by a large number of potential
buyers (Linn, 2010).
An increasing number of successful applications have been
recently launched for downloads on tablets and smartphone with
components and functionality more closely mimicking the
computer, for example several players in the food industry such
as Bwtri in 2014 launched its business app known as ‘Caws
Cymru’, McDonalds in 2015 launched it app known as
‘McDonalds mobile’, Domino’s in 2011 launched its ‘Easy
order’ mobile app and have used these apps in developing
advert programmes for their products (Aaker and Weinberg,
1975). These apps are software applications that can be
downloaded onto smart phones, e-readers and tablets to provide
solution to marketing hiccups or satisfy a niche requirements,
the apps can also be accessories that are attached to a mobile
communication devices and smart phones (NHS, 2014).
Furthermore, these apps can be programmed to inquire the
conversational language the user would like to use depending on
the customers the business is serving and the user response will
determine the feedback the app display to the user (Aaker and
Weinberg, 1975). In order to ensure an effective business app,
the end users which are often times the customer needs to use or
be involved with the app which implied that stakeholder
(including the customers) does not only use the app but be
committed to it and this is reflected in their subsequent
relationship with it. In developing mobile app lots of decisions
needs to be made and each of those decisions can have a
dramatic effect on the total cost of the finished app and can
affect its chances of being successful (NHS, 2014).
Furthermore, in defining an effective business app, Aaker and
Weinberg (1975) highlighted the following as important:
49. Stakeholder perception of the app’s usefulness, their
willingness to devote effort and time to using it and their
dependence on it for carrying out transactions.
However, the following needs to be considered in the
application development process as highlighted by Doolittle et
al. (2012); NHS (2014):
- A need assessment that ensure detailed understanding of the
aim and purpose that the app is set to achieve.
- An understanding that the app design should be simple and
easy to use by stakeholders.
- An understanding of the mobile security issues which includes
gateways, portals, one time passwords and mobile virtual
private networks (VPNs).
- Determining the user base for the mobile app operating system
OS.
- Following established regulations on production and
deployment models.
Following the increasing functionality linked to mobile device
hardware, it implied that mobile apps are more capable of
delivering increased functionality and has the capability of
responding faster than earlier devices (NHS, 2014).
Based on the foregoing discussions of the objective above and
the understanding of the conditions for introducing a business
mobile app for Company X which operates in the food industry,
two types of apps can be recommended suitable for the business
which are: the native app and mobile web app (Jobe, 2013).
The native app work on a mobile device and is developed
specially for the device software platform and uses specific
coding to using the device features such as the GPS capability
and the built in camera (NHS, 2014). A well built native has the
tendency of providing rich user experience with enhanced
control of the look and feel of the app and can also access
device specific features as the GPS, cameras and are likely to
work when the device does not have internet connection and can
be subject to development standard of the hardware maker
(Educause, 2011).
50. While mobile web apps on the other hand refer to web
applications that are designed and developed to imitate the
native applications as much as possible but they are executed in
a web browser in the host platform (Jobe, 2013). However,
mobile web apps can increasingly compete comfortably with
native app in terms of functions (NHS, 2013). Furthermore,
mobile web app allows a single development and support
process irrespective of supported device and typically depend
on internet connectivity, often with lesser functionality
compared to native app but can work on a wide range of devices
and does not need to be downloaded and installed (Educause,
2011). As a result Company X can choose to go for anyone that
best suit their purpose using information generated from market
analysis as explained above.
2.2 Objective 2
2.2.1. Stakeholder mapping
This objective is focused on guiding the client Company X in its
choice of choosing between apps by reviewing the app fit and
design components for the business which will ensure that all
stakeholder interest relating to the app are effectively met by
carrying out stakeholder mapping as a way of identifying the
key players and their interest in the app.
Stakeholder refers to all persons or groups with legitimate
interests participating in an enterprise without whose support
the organisation will cease to exist (Donaldson and Preston,
1995; Clarke, 1998). On the other hand, it can be said that the
company is a system of stakeholders operating within the larger
51. system of the host society that provides the necessary market
infrastructure for the firm’s activities (Clarke, 1998). In the
execution of the project, a powerful individual stakeholder may
have a significant influence on the project decisions and are
most influential in shaping the strategy for the project
(Newcombe, 2003). However, developing and maintaining a
separate version of app for numerous stakeholder devices can be
very expensive and may require the developers to share
revenues with the vendor’s app store (Educause, 2011).
The central task in the process of reviewing app design for
deployment to business in Company X is to manage and
integrate the relationships and interests of employees,
customers, suppliers and other groups in an approach that
ensures the long term success of the firm and promoting shared
interests (Freeman and McVea, 2001). These groups have
expectations which the app is under pressure to fulfil this can
pose as a challenge owing to the fact that there may exist
conflicting expectations from stakeholders and these conflicts
may revolve around short term versus long term objectives, cost
efficiency versus effectiveness, control versus independence
(Newcombe, 2003). Developing and launching a mobile
business app to facilitates business transactions can be likened
to what Freeman and McVea (2001) termed “strategy
development” this is done in two approaches that involves:
prediction and adaptation which is the process of carrying out
environmental scanning to identify trends that can help foresee
the future business environment and the second approach
involves identifying the best way for the firm to adapt to the
future environment in order to maximize its position as it has
been established that organisations practicing stakeholder
management will be successful in conventional performance in
terms profit, growth and stability (Donaldson and Preston,
1995).
The consultancy recommends undertaking a stakeholder analysis
for the company through a familiarity tour of the company in
order to identify the stakeholders in the app who need to be
52. involved in designing and development of the app or kept
informed which can include both individuals and organisations
(NHS, 2014). However, based on this study and its aim the
following are the likely stakeholders that ought to be put into
consideration in the app design and development are:
Internal stakeholders: This can include stakeholders at the
executives or management, divisional and departmental level
and the employees. These stakeholders may want the app
designed in a specific way or have some features which may
reflect their functions or ease their operational task (NHS,
2014).
External stakeholders: These consist of external individuals,
organisations or network of organisations who may have
influence in the app development and may be impacted by the
development and deployment of the app and these can include;
services providers (such as content providers, application
providers, payment agents), Communication providers which
provides communication service that enable mobile devices to
access mobile services (these actors include; mobile network
operators and the internet service providers), regulatory
authorities (they set the legal and societal framework in which
mobile business will evolve) and the end users (the consumers
are also important players in these project because they can
determine the success or failure of the business app
(Camponove and Pigneur, 2003; NHS, 2014). Furthermore,
external stakeholder can include providers of complementary
products to the company offerings which may proposing a link
to their site from the company’s proposed app.
In designing the mobile app components, the stakeholders
identified above (both internal and external) are put into
consideration by ensuring the platform has the capacity to
service substantial number of customers at any time and also
ensuring that the content of the app is carefully and
professionally chosen in order to accommodate all relevant,
effective and easy to use features. Also the app will be
developed in a cost effective way and expanded project scope
53. that ensure the technology fit the task to which it is meant to
perform (Doolittle et al., 2012).
2.2.2. Task/technology fit analysis
In designing and developing business app for Company X, the
consultancy will consider the impact of information technology
and compare it with the task it is expected to perform in order
to ensure its fit for purpose. Information technology (IT)
innovations such as mobile and wireless technologies can only
be successful when developed into applications and later put to
use (Gebauer and Shaw, 2002). The essence of task technology
fit is to ascertain that for information technology to have a
positive effect on individual performance, the technology must
be utilized and the technology must be a good fit with the task
its supporting (Goodhue and Thompson, 1995). Task-technology
fit (TTF) utilisation and user attitudes about the technology
result into individual performance impact through its ability to
make obvious the importance of TTF in explaining how
technology leads to performance and also make more explicit
the links between the construct by providing a stronger
theoretical basis for thoughts about issues relating to the impact
of IT on performance outcome (DeLone and McLean, 1992;
Goodhue and Thompson, 1995). The application of TTF in the
design and development of business app is to take into
consideration the fact that mobile app can cover a wide range of
usage than applications with a specific usage such as group
support systems (Gabauer and Shaw, 2002). In designing the
task the app will perform, the consultancy analyze task on
different levels according to different characteristics which
include: ambiguity, repetitiveness, structure and complexity of
cognitive processes i.e. complex vs simple task (Campbell,
1988; Simon, 1977). However, based on past experience,
interdependency may arise in the app design. Three types of
interdepedence that may arise are highlighted by Thompson
(1967) as sequential, pooled and reciprocal and it is suggested
54. that the application of relevant organisation technologies that
enables intensive, mediating and long-linked duties to ensure
task coordination. However, the company can measure the TTF
of the app after it is launched by those factors highlighted by
Goodhue and Thompson (1995) as; ease of use, quality,
timeliness, locatability, compatibility, authorisation,
relationship with user and system reliability as against these
measures TTF can undergo modifications to suit the purpose of
the company. The diagram below illustrate the task and
performance expectation of the app.
Source: Goodhue and Thompson (1995)
The project need to undertake TTF to ensure effectiveness and
foresee all possible failures that may result from the design and
development. When the app is fully launched it will serve as an
integral part of the day to day operations of the business as the
company will rely on it to generate revenues, attract customers
and communicate with suppliers therefore the cost of failed
online transaction can be huge also an hour of downtime can
cost the business huge sum in lost of sales (Pertet and
Narasimhan, 2005). Furthermore, downtime can result in:
damage to the company’s reputation, dissatisfied customers and
lost of employee productivity example of this is what
Amazon.com suffered in 2001 as a result of downtime which
cost the an estimated amount of £17,000 per minute of
downtime (Conrad, 2001). The following are the possible cause
of app failure that needed to be guide against as highlighted by
Pertet and Narasimhan (2005).
-Softwares failures and human error which is the most
significant cause of errors.
-System overload, complex fault recovery routines and resource
exhaustion.
-Software failure arising from system complexities, inadequate
testing and weak understanding of system dependencies.
-App inaccessibility which can last from minutes to days.
Security violations.
55. Having taken all these into consideration the main idea is that
mobile app can best be applied and successful when there is a
good fit between the technology and the underlying tasks
(Gebauer and Shaw, 2002) which is the objective the
consultancy is seeking to achieve so that the company can
derive full economic and other benefits when the app is
deployed to business.
2.3 Objective 3
2.3.1. Examination of app development processes
This section is aimed at enabling Company X mobile app
developers and providers strategies to effectively develop and
launch the app into business by summarising the app illustration
done above and highlighting a detailed analysis of step by step
approach of developing the app.
The following approaches represent a best practice as
highlighted by Microsoft (2012) as:
1) Choosing between a native app and a web app: This has been
explained earlier with features and capabilities in 2.1.2 above.
56. 2) Examining the mobile app experience: This stage defines the
important characteristics of modern mobile app of which are
born out of best practices and provide a useful framework
through which planning and designing of the features are done.
As a result, a mobile app ought to be:
Lightweight and responsive: This section suggests that in the
design stage of the app, consideration should be given to speed
to which content can be accessed on the app. As a result, apps
should be lightweight and void of latency by avoiding
unimportant heavy markup, use of unnecessary and gratuitous
effects and poor data management. A better way of determining
the right size is to consider how long it will take users to load a
page (Varshney and Vetter, 2002).
Designed to fit each device’s capabilities and constraints:
Mobile gadgets come in different sizes, shapes and different
CPU power. As a result, instead of developing an app specific
to a certain platform browser, device grouping is a better
alternative to deliver a flexible app which target the lowest
common denominator app, and further layer additional features
and enhancements with reference to the capabilities and
constraints of each browser and device.
Enhanced, platform-agnostic user interface: This process is
strengthened by market analysis explained earlier. i.e. an app
can be well designed and has a nice interface but may be hard to
use. Users may make mistakes as a result of incomprehensible
language used, have difficulty if finding a feature and what a
feature is used for. Therefore, an enhanced interface should
work well with back end business logic and allow users to
complete their task effortlessly.
3) Choosing device and level of support: This section aim at
identifying those devices the app will support, and the users
achievable user interface experience on their devices by
determining the browsers and devices the app will support.
Considering the key features and behaviour of the app,
experience and context of use, i.e. whether the app will be
designed for all purpose use or restricted to shopping activities
57. etc. as explained in (2.2.2) TTF above.
4) Options for building mobile app experience: Making decision
on the approach to use in developing a mobile app is always not
easy, this is due to the various techniques available on building
an app and their various advantages and disadvantages
(Microsoft, 2010). Moreover, making this decision depend on
the circumstance and consideration of linked factors such as
resources, content structures, timeline and design architecture
(Educause, 2011).
The above listed steps constitute the minimum process that need
to be taken in building a mobile app after which the builder can
then proceed to the testing stage of the app in other to identify
any area where there may be a malfunctioning in the app while a
simple app as illustrated with upto four screens will cost
between £1,000 to £7,000, app with multi-features will cost
£30,000 upward, also app that can store information on mobile
device cost between £5,000 to £30,000 (NHS, 2014).
Furthermore, the SWOT analysis will give an inkling of the
possible downside that can be experience in the app
development processes.
2.3.2 SWOT analysis
This section explore the literature and provide a summary
details of the limitations and challenges that can be
encountered in building the app and by extension the threats the
app can pose to the business as a result of lapses that may be
observed in the app functioning and on the other hand highlight
the strength of building the app as the company can decide
either to build the app in house or contract it out and how it can
be of benefit to the company.
Paliwal (2006) explained that the SWOT is preferred for
assessing projects as it yields useful information about the
viability of the project due to the predictive capabilities in
determining how the app will fare in the light of changes taking
place around it. The consultancy emphasise carrying out this
analysis based on Milosevic (2010) explanation of SWOT from
58. the company’s point of view that from the moment the company
decides to undertake the project (being app development), the
company is in suspense regarding the final outcome and the app
being met to last over a period of time, large part of the
benefits from the investment are realised in the future therefore
the study highlight the risk involve so that the company can
decide the level of risk its willing to take so as to ensure the
project yield expected results. This follows Barney (1995)
description of SWOT as a framework that points to the
relevance of internal and external forces that help in
understanding the source of competitive advantage and also
assist to portray organizational situation and identify what
information is needed and the decision that are likely to be
made at the company level (Balamuralikrishna and Dugger,
1995). The SWOT analysis for this study is used to compare
builing the app in-house and contracting it out below:
Strength: Building an app in house has the benefit of connecting
the internal stakeholders, their objectives and actively
participating in formulating the execution plans and because
they formulate the plans they understand it and will assist in
producing the desired result and protect the company sensitive
data (Apple, 2011). On the other hand, contracting out the app
building to specialist has the benefits of using their extensive
experience in developing, operating and implementing mobile
app, and follow-through checks anytime, anywhere problem
arise with the app (T-system, 2012).
Opportunities: Building the app in-house has the capabilities of
availing the company the knowledge of app building, ability to
work on any area users are finding difficult to use immediately
and also has the opportunity of saving cost by bye passing
intermediary directly to relevant providers (Microsoft, 2012).
On the other hand, the company can push the responsibility to
consultant who will do the running around to ensure the app is
designed to specification, the company will save more resources
by saving the pay it would pay the staff in regular employment
in the company and cost of developing it wrongly.
59. Weakness: The limitations to building an app in house can be
due to lack of expertise knowledge needed to securely design
and build the app without exposing the app users and the
company to unnecessary risk as there will be lots of sensitive
info on the device (Denim, 2011). On the other hand, external
builders based on their past experience has the understanding of
app development, the risk involved and will always put
measures in place to guide against those risk (Microsoft, 2012).
Threats: Organisations today are exploring ways of pushing
tasks/functionality to the app and this pose as a threat to the
company as competitors and hackers are looking for ways of
breaking into the network as a result the company need a
specialist on ground to monitor and stop any suspicious attempt
to break into the system as a successful hacking can paralyse
the business activities pending when the problem can be
resolved (Denim, 2011).
In conclusion, the SWOT has been used to weigh the pro and
con of building a business app in-house as compared with
contracting it out to consultants who are expert in the field after
a review of literature on SWOT analysis in order to use the
strengths to lessen the company’s vulnerability to threats,
overcome weaknesses to attain opportunities and prevent
weaknesses to avoid the company being more susceptible to
threats (Chaermack and Kasshanna, 2007).
60. 3.0 Gantt Chart
3.1 Gantt Chart Methodology
Gantt chart is commonly used by project managers in project
management due to its useful ways of showing how activities
and tasks are displayed against time. As a result, this study use
the Gantt chart method to highlight the various activities to be
performed, state the starting and ending time for each activities,
show how long each activity is planned to last, highlight where
an activities overlap with another and the extent to which it
overlaps and finally show the start date and end date for the
whole project (Gantt.com, 2016). This study also focused on the
fundamental activities related to the project over a six month
period so as to meet the deadline and avoid knock-on effect on
the remaining part of the project. Furthermore, the detailed
nature of the Gantt chart ensures the task schedule is workable
and also ensure that remedy to potential obstacles are in place
before the commencement of the project.
Going by the illustration in the Gantt chart above, the tasks are
divided into sections, each of which relate to the objectives set
by the client which is the Company X. This method was
particularly chosen to illustrate the ways through which each
objective is met using appropriate analytical tools. Furthermore,
the objectives are divided into subsections whereby each
subsection presents the analytical tool used and the
corresponding activities required to complete the study. This
method is important because of its ability to help work out the
practical aspect of the project, i.e. it states the task that needs to
be done before another can start and this approach ensures that
61. a detailed sequence for the completion of a task is stated
thereby ensuring a timely delivery of the project.
Gantt charts are important in project management due to its ease
of use and simplicity to understand by the client and other
stakeholders (Wilson, 2003). The main activities of this project
as shown in the Gantt chart above emphasize on the successful
execution of the set objectives by constantly holding meetings
with the client. As a result, if there be a delay in holding the
scheduled meeting with the client, there will be a spill-over
effect and will have an impact on the entire project. As a result,
it is important to schedule tasks along with appropriate timing
that will be sufficient for carrying out research that the task
might require and also highlight how the different tasks are
interconnected and depend on the completion of one before
proceeding to the other so as to achieve the set objective and
ensure that the needs of stakeholders and client are met.
In completing each objective highlighted in the chart above, the
activities needed to complete each objective must be carried out
for the consultant to proceed to the next objective. Wilson
(2003) illustrates that the activities in a Gantt chart are
presented in two dimensions where the horizontal axis shows
the placement in time which should be strictly adhered to, the
vertical axis represents the activities to be completed for the
project to be executed effectively and efficiently. Also,
activities on the Gantt chart are separated using different
colours and dependency lines signifying important time issues
and when all the tasks are to be completed. The relevance of
this is that it is helpful in understanding the activities in the
chart especially the complex tasks, this will help in carrying
along all stakeholders in the project and also facilitate joint
agreement on expectations the company will be expecting from
the consultancy during the scheduled meeting for feedback and
progress report.
Detailed planning and research is required for all activities
under each analytical tool as a result the project need both
primary and secondary research so as to get detailed
62. information on the requirements for developing a mobile app.
As a result, the consultancy allocate time to each objective
according to the research requirement of the task to be
performed. This is so because of the need to meet the client
requirements and maintain a regular interaction and
communication with the company throughout the project (Miller
et al., 2001).
An important element in the Gantt chart methodology is the
allocation of ‘Slack Time’ to tasks. This shows a time where
more than one activities can take place simultaneously without
affecting the whole schedule. As a result, this project allocates
slack time to tasks that does not have direct impact on the chart
critical activities. This ensure the allocation of slack time in a
way that controls any unexpected circumstance that may affect
the overall completion of the project. Istrate et al. (2014)
describes this approach as a realistic view that help recover
from hindrance and adjust to changes.
In conclusion, Wilson (2003) describes the Gantt chart
methodology as a popular tool for project managers to use as an
effective means of displaying important information and also
provide an interface that enables users to state problems,
enhance understanding and proffer solutions. It also enhances
coordination between project managers and stakeholders,
provide clarity of task and effective time management while
ensuring that all the project objectives are met.
63. 4.0 Contribution
The demonstrated frameworks and analytical tools used above
are based on high quality research aimed at enlightening the
client through the study. The attached Gantt chart above
highlight the relevant activities that will be involved in the
study to satisfy the models chosen for each objective which is
done through analysis of relevant literature and case studies.
This section ensures that a detailed assessment of the
deliverable outcome for the project is done and a set pattern for
meeting client requirements for the study is clear while making
sure the client is informed of the reasons for the approaches
adopted for the study and how effective they are in meeting
their requirements. 4.1 Market Analysis
In project management research, theory holds that market
analysis and testing is often carried out first by project
managers before making most decisions (Alketbi and Gardiner,
2014). It is argued that organisations seeking not just increase
revenue and profit but transformation in their business use
market analysis as a tool for achieving their purpose (Pursche,
1990). For this study, market analysis and the interactive model
help transmit information regarding the end users of the app,
their level of exposure to modern technology and also determine
the level of app (technological) complexities they can cope with
as Alketbi and Gardiner (2014) explained that this tool is
considered to be the simplest technique used by project
managers in solving complicated issues bordering on customers
expectations.
64. 4.2 Interactive model analysis
In evaluating the suitability of mobile application for business
use, the interactive model play an important role because it
consider the need for allowing larger number of people have
access to organisations software applications for larger number
of purposes and in a wider number of contexts (Paterno, 2000).
Also, the model ensure this by making the system easy to use
why taking into consideration some factors in the design of the
interactive application that encourages involvement, active
engagement and reaction, two way communication, physical
action and feedback (Karimova, 2011). Furthermore, the model
help in determining the level of formality adopted, how
information is presented, and the level of abstraction that can be
use in the app as a tool for creating compelling and easy to
understand interaction (Paterno, 2000). This model further
ensure that the app is designed and developed in a way that is
beneficial in arousing the users and motivate them to stick to
the interactions longer, engaging and encouraging the users to
return over time, persuasive and increase sales, increase trust
and make people feel more secure and comfortable about
releasing personal information online, promoting a feeling of
personalised experience by making users feel special and also
creates feelings of liking, friendliness while supporting
generalised positive feelings towards the company (Reeves,
2016).
As a way of satisfying the first objective, the study made use of
market analysis and interactive model to evaluate the suitability
of business app to the company, which the consultancy consider
effective and beneficial tools. The interactive model consider
the relevance of customers having direct access to the company
and market analysis analysed the customers with regard to the
level of complexity in technology they can cope with.
4.3. Stakeholder Mapping
In reviewing the app building and design for the company, it
becomes necessary to conduct stakeholder mapping as a way of
65. identifying key stakeholders and featuring their interest in the
app design. This tool is important for the company in
identifying these stakeholders who can affect the project and
then managing their differing demand through communication
and fashioning out ways of realising the proposed project
objectives (Olander and Landin, 2005). For the company to
acquire relevant data on the app design, there is the need to
carry out extensive primary research in the form of interview
inquiring on their interest, designs, interactions and other
features in the app in a way that ensure the project objectives
correspond with the stakeholders’ (Freeman, 1984).
Stakeholder theory has been regarded to be important in
identifying stakeholders in any project and allows everyone to
understand the importance and influence of the project, allow
for continuous improvement while it can be effectively used to
determine stakeholder requirements by project managers
(Kennon et al., 2009; Scholl, 2011; Olander and Landin, 2005).
As it is believed that the views and initiative of stakeholders in
the project can be useful for strategic planning and design
process (Clarke, 1998). This justifies the relevance of
implementing stakeholder mapping in the review and design
stage of the project.
4.4. Task/technology Fit
Having known the technology at hand, this tool helps in
determining the task the company will like to be performed
using the app and then build the app to perform the task
identified to be done through the app i.e determining whether
the task will be best perfomed by native app or mobile web app.
Goodhue and Thompson (1995) explain that tasks are actions to
be carried out to turn input to output why task characteristics in
this case are those that make the company to rely heavily on
certain aspects of information technology. While technology on
the other hand, are tools used in carrying out tasks. As a result,
in building the app TTF will be used in helping to get a
66. reasonable balance between task to be formed and the
technology which is the app. The tool relied on Tornatzky and
Klein (1982) postulation that successful innovation happens
when the task and the technology are compatible. As TTF is the
correspondence between functionality of the technology,
individual/organisational abilities and the task requirement
(Goodhue and Thompson, 1995).4.5. Examination of the app
development process
The app development process is undertaken in order to give a
clear understanding on the task the app need to perform (TTF),
for whom it is meant (market analysis), and the environment it
needs to operate in (NHS, 2014). This aspect made clear app
design and development processes and the key steps that need to
be taken using an agile development process, while the process
offers a responsive and rapid approach to the building of the
app and its functionality using a range of development tools
with tried and tested processes. The section also serves as a
document to support internal development of the app and also
provide a clear and unambiguous requirements external
developer can seek if the company decides to outsource the app
development. This section strengthens Abrahamsson et al.
(2014) postulation that anyone with the needed skills can build
a mobile app while a good knowledge of the specific
characteristics and challenges of developing software for mobile
devices is required which this study has provided.
4.6. SWOT analysis
SWOT is used as an important support tool for making decision
and systematic analysis of of the company external and internal
capabilities and also provide a strong basis for decision making
(Yuksel and Deviren, 2007). In choice of developing the app,
the section uses the SWOT as a tool to highlight the benefits
and privileges the company stand to gain while on the other
hand it explained the short comings and possible consequence
of developing the app in-house. As a result, SWOT is used as a
tool to help the company in selecting amongst strategic
alternatives in the light of the strength, weakness, opportunities
67. and threats involved in building the app (Hanley and Spash,
1993).
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6.0 Appendices6.1 Appendix 1 – First version of A3 Map
71. 6.2Appendix 2 – Second version of A3 Map
6.3 Appendix 3 – Third version of A3 Map
Page | 4
Requirements Elicitation for
Mobile B2B ApplicationsA project-based consulting approach
72. Management Summary
Mobile B2B applications are an emerging issue when it comes
to the adoption of new technologies in business, providing
innovative opportunities for multiple operations between
customers and companies. For organisations that have decided
to implement such an application within the scope of a project,
the requirements elicitation process depicts an important step in
order to determine necessities and to build a basis for
subsequent strategic decisions. This paper depicts an offer for a
B2B food sector company with the intention of identifying the
requirements for such a project. The introduced approach
utilises approved methods and techniques from the fields of
project and software management.
The offer covers an examination of three relevant categories of
requirements. In order to determine the functional requirements
(functionalities the B2B application has to exhibit), the methods
stakeholder analysis and software benchmarking are introduced.
For the structural requirements (possibility and appropriateness
to implement the application within the company’s structural
circumstances), system environment analysis, personnel
analysis as well as risk identification and analysis cover a basis
for future decisions. Finally, project time planning and life-
cycle cost analysis investigate the resources requirements the
company will have to face. The study will be conducted within a
timeframe of 6 months (26 weeks) which is illustrated by a
Gantt-chart. Overall, the holistic character of the approach, the
acknowledged benefits of the individual methods as well as the
recommendations which can be derived on the basis of the
defined objectives will make the study of high value to the
client and provide adequate information for further actions
regarding the application’s programming and implementation
73. process.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction – Background and Objectives 1
2. Supporting Evidence – The Requirements Elicitation
Approach 2
2.1 Objective 1 – Functional Requirements 3
2.1.1 Stakeholder Analysis 3
2.1.2 Software Benchmarking 3
2.2 Objective 2 – Structural Requirements 4
2.2.1 System Environment Analysis 4
2.2.2 Personnel Analysis 5
2.2.3 Risk Identification and Analysis 6
2.3 Objective 3 – Resources Requirements 6
2.3.1 Project Time Planning 6
2.3.2 Life-Cycle Cost Analysis 7
3. Study Gantt-Chart 8
4. Contribution 10
4.1 Stakeholder Analysis 10
4.2 Software Benchmarking 10
4.3 System Environment Analysis 11
4.4 Personnel Analysis 11
4.5 Risk Identification and Analysis 12
4.6 Project Time Planning 12
4.7 Life-Cycle Cost Analysis 13
5. Concluding Remarks 13
I. References 14
1. Introduction – Background and Objectives
New communication technologies always bring along new
chances and ways of conducting daily business operations. In
this context, the utilisation of the internet to collaborate with
trading partners depicts a notable advance within the last two
decades. These direct electronical collaborations are commonly
labelled as business-to-business (B2B) applications, which for
example target “e-procurement, supply-chain management
74. (SCM), and B2B e-payment” (Al-Naeem et al., 2005, p. 41).
Due to the rise of mobile devices like smartphones or tablets
and the concomitant increased usage of professionals’ mobile
devices during work, especially mobile B2B applications have
been evolving as an important tool for customer relationship
management (Smilansky, 2015). Nowadays, people already
spend more time using mobile applications than internet via
traditional desktop computers (Zamfiroiu, 2015). Well-known
software manufacturers already detected this development,
offering mobile B2B applications for multiple business purposes
(Tornack et al., 2011).
The client, an SME providing food products to catering
companies, is aware of this progress and intends to program and
implement a mobile B2B application for his customers.
However, due to the high complexity of such IT projects, only
an extensive exposure of the requirements can prevent the
project from certain failure (Azadegan et al., 2013). Based on
the results of more than hundred research and development
projects, Dvir et al. (2003) point out that project success is
strongly correlated with the definition of those requirements. In
order to determine relevant requirements of this project, a study
shall provide valuable information about different project
necessities. Regarding software development, this process is
commonly labelled as ‘requirements engineering’ respectively
‘requirements elicitation’ which describes “seeking, uncovering,
acquiring and elaborating requirements for computer based
systems” (Zowghi and Coulin, 2005, p. 19). Although
requirements elicitation is mostly perceived as the first major
step of a software engineering project, the shape of its process
and used methods varies, depending on the particular project
(Vijayan and Raju, 2011). Hence, this report can be understood
as a consulting offer to conduct a requirements elicitation study,
outlining all pertinent methods which are of importance for the
individual case of the client.
It is of fundamental importance that the study as well as the
development of the mobile B2B application for the client itself
75. can be seen as projects. Projects are unique sets of temporary
activities with a definable goal, which cut across functional
lines and imply risks as well as costs for an organisation
(Nicholas and Steyn, 2012). That is why project management
methods as well as experiences from software project
management case studies will take a key role in the presented
requirements elicitation approach. The study covers the
following objectives and related methods in order to reveal the
client’s requirements for the project of developing and
implementing a mobile B2B application, whereas objectives and
methods build on one another:
Objective 1: Identifying the functional requirements of mobile
B2B applications within the food market for catering companies
· Stakeholder Analysis
· Software Benchmarking
Objective 2: Identifying the structural requirements to program
and implement the application within the current company
structure and capabilities
· System Environment Analysis
· Personnel Analysis
· Risk Identification and Analysis
Objective 3: Identifying the resources requirements the client
has to raise for programming, implementing and operating the
mobile B2B application
· Project Time Planning
· Life-Cycle Cost Analysis
At first, the offer will illustrate the intended relevant methods
which are required in order to reveal the particular requirements
of the three objectives. Here, the methods are described shortly,
while evidences from project management background
exemplify the adequacy of the methods. Based on the introduced
methods and their approximate time need, the offer will
illustrate the intended approach with the aid of a Gantt chart,
providing an overview with start and end times for the
individual project steps and methods. Subsequently, the
76. contribution of the particular methods and the project as a
whole will elucidate why the illustrated approach is the most
useful one for the company’s objectives, supported by several
industry cases. Finally, the concluding remarks will summarise
the main details of the offer in order to provide final decision
guidance towards this offer.2. Supporting Evidence – The
Requirements Elicitation Approach
The general aim of the study is to provide a holistic research
approach for the client, which covers all relevant kinds of
requirements in order to assess the necessities of programming
and implementing the mobile B2B application. The following
chapter illustrates the background as well as the individual
processes of the particular methods.
It has to be considered that the information gathering process of
all the intended methods requires an open communicative
exchange with the client. Changing client requirements or
circumstances can occur during the whole requirements
elicitation process and should be incorporated as soon as the
changes are identified. Therefore, a continuous two-way
communication process with the client in the form of a
permanent contact person secures adequacy of the study
(Nakatani et al., 2014). This is supported by Houdek and Pohl
(2000) who examine the requirements elicitation process of
Daimler-Chrysler projects and emphasise that over 50% of the
requirements changes happen after the actual identification
process.2.1 Objective 1 – Functional Requirements
As already indicated, B2B applications are able to cover several
functionalities, from being just a marketing tool to comprising a
whole e-procurement system including embedded sales and
payment possibilities (Al-Naeem et al., 2005). In order to
provide a basis for the further requirements analyses, the
examination of the functional requirements focuses on the
questions, how the application has to look like to please the
stakeholders and in which functional direction (e.g. sales,
marketing, supply-chain management, e-payment, etc.) the
application has to go. Overall, the client receives knowledge
77. about what the market and its key players require of the B2B
application.
2.1.1 Stakeholder Analysis
Stakeholder analysis as a project management technique is
widely acknowledged among management practitioners and
researchers as a part of the requirements elicitation process,
providing a broad layer of necessary information (Glinz and
Wieringa, 2007; Newcombe, 2003). Stakeholders of software
are persons, organisations or other groups who affect or are
affected by the software (Power, 2010). The technique tackles
the questions of who the relevant project stakeholders are, how
their wants and needs look like as well as how important they
are in comparison to other stakeholders. It should be considered
that each project has its own stakeholders which may partly not
be that obvious as it would appear (Lock, 2013). All of these
stakeholders have expectations for the intended software, with
the wants and the needs often being in conflict with each other
(Newcombe, 2003).
The stakeholder identification process for the client happens on
the basis of a brainstorming meeting, as suggested by Calvert
(1995). Here, also the client participates due to his superior
knowledge of the internal proceedings and affected groups
(Pouloudi and Whitley, 1997). The identification particularly
focuses on what Sharp et al. (1999, p. 389) call ‘Baseline
Stakeholders’, which represent internal and external “users,
developers, legislators and decision-makers” with respect to the
complete predicted software lifecycle. After the identification
of the relevant stakeholders, direct stakeholder communication
is necessary in order to determine their needs and requirements.
This can happen through structured meetings or personal
conversations. This step ensures an understanding and
involvement of the relevant stakeholders from the beginning of
the project (Passenheim, 2009). Also, the prioritisation of
stakeholders and their individual requirements are elementary
steps towards stakeholder comprehension since stakeholders are
78. not equally important for the mobile application. Overall, this
prioritisation has to consider the strategic adjustment of the
company (Glinz and Wieringa, 2007). On the basis of these
results, a final stakeholder matrix with objectives, priorities and
contributions is produced (Lock, 2013). Difficulties during the
stakeholder analysis may especially emerge in the case of hard
accessibility of stakeholders as well as if there is an individual
stakeholder with diverging inner objectives (e.g. in the case of a
heterogeneous organisation) (Jepsen and Eskerod, 2009).
2.1.2 Software Benchmarking
On the basis of the stakeholder analysis, the subsequent
software benchmarking examines if there are already existing
best practice examples in the market which coincide with the
results of the stakeholder analysis’ objectives. Here, the
analysis especially focuses on those functional requirements,
which were identified by those stakeholders with the highest
prioritisation. Benchmarking describes the practice of
comparing the own organisational operations with equivalent
processes of industries’ market leaders. Doing so, it is possible
to gather information and achieve an improvement of the own
business operations by applying this information (Watson,
1993). In this sense, software benchmarking can be understood
as a certain kind of focused competitive analysis which,
however, also includes software companies as well as best
practice examples of comparable markets. With this form of an
external benchmarking analysis, it is possible to set the
functional requirements of the client on a level which enables
him to compete with his competitors on a qualitative and
technological high level (Hines, 1998).
Since benchmarking subjects (competitors and software
companies) are already set, the first step of the software
benchmarking process is the collection of data (Kodali, 2008).
The data collection process for software benchmarking as such
is a qualitative one (Jones, 1995). The information is derived on
the basis of general market reports from acknowledged data
79. bases such as Key Note, Mintel and MarketLine as well as
providers of special benchmarking reports such as Best
Practices, LLC. Furthermore, the online visibilities of software
manufacturers such as SAP, Oracle and Microsoft offer further
information about their mobile solutions for several industry
segments including the food industry. Based on the gathered
data, an analysis and evaluation of the benchmarks is performed
subsequently. This analysis will compare the identified
stakeholder objectives with the elaborated benchmarks in order
to set the final functional requirements which the mobile B2B
application has to fulfil in order to achieve a possible
competitive advantage within the industry (Kodali, 2008).
However, it also has to be considered that benchmarking has its
bottlenecks. In times of fast changing technology, it is not taken
for granted that current software benchmarks remain the same
benchmarks in the future. Hence, long-term developments have
to be considered (Kumar and Harms, 2004).2.2 Objective 2 –
Structural Requirements
After the prior techniques exposed the functional requirements
of the B2B application, the subsequent methods will focus on
the question, if the client fulfils the structural requirements to
program and implement an application with such functions
within the current organisational environment. Especially IT,
personnel as well as risk capacities play a pivotal role due to
their influence on the matter whether the client is able to solve
respectively control deviations and occurring risks or whether
external service providers could be an alternative.
2.2.1 System Environment Analysis
The system environment analysis provides the basis for the
structural requirements analysis. Before, the stakeholder matrix
with its objectives and prioritisation as well as the results of the
software benchmarking analysis revealed the functional
requirements of the mobile B2B application (Nicholas and
Steyn, 2012). Subsequently, the system environment analysis
has to examine how “easy” it is to program and implement those