This document provides an overview of natural gas vehicles (NGVs). It discusses the history and components of NGVs, including the pressure regulator, reducer/mixer system, and NGV tanks and valves. It describes dedicated NGVs that run solely on natural gas and bi-fuel NGVs that can run on either natural gas or gasoline. Examples are provided and obstacles to widespread adoption are outlined, along with proposed solutions such as building more pipelines and refueling stations. The conclusion notes the environmental and economic benefits of NGVs compared to gasoline vehicles.

1. By:
A. Theri Muthu Selvam
&
N. Arun Ramanan
Recent Trends in Automobile
Engineering

2. • Automobile is a Greek Ancient word means 'Self Movable'.
• Also referd as Motor Car And Auto Car.
• It relates with something which has wheels and is movable.
• Around more than a billion automobiles are sold till 2016
Introduction

3. • Steam powered vehicle designed by Ferdinand Verbiest.
• The first car was built by Joseph Cugnot in 1769. It was powered by a
steam engine and was very slow.
• Jean Joseph Etienne Lenior was first built the one cylinder
engine,internal-combustion engine,was later patent.
• Nikolaus August Otto built the first four cylinder engine.
• In 1886 Gottlieb Daimler designed the first four wheeled automobile.
They also created the first v-slanted engine
• Karl Benz,know as one of the founders of Mercedes-Benz,is the first to
build an automobile powered by an Internal combustion engine.
History

4. •What is it?
- A Natural gas vehicle or NGV is a vehicle that
uses compressed natural gas (CNG) or, less
commonly, liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a
clean alternative to other automobile fuels.
Natural Gas Vehicles (NGVs)

5. Sources
• Where do we get
natural gas from?
- The Gulf of Saudi
Arabia : A Long-
Lasting Source of
Natural Gas.

6. • 85-99% Methane
• Clean burning
• Exhaust emissions from NGVs are much lower than those
from equivalent gasoline-powered vehicles
• Reduced greenhouse gas emissions
• Noise reductions
• Lower cost
Benefits of NGVs

7. NGV ENGINE AND ITS VARIOUS COMPONENTS

8. A: Gas fill valve
B: Cylinders
C: Master manual shut-off valve
D: High-pressure fuel line
E: Regulator
F: Natural gas solenoid valve
G: Fuel-injection system

9. The pressure regulator must be firmly attached to the vehicle’s body, making sure that
there is no movement whatsoever. The manometer must be placed on the regulator in such a
way that it can be easily read at the time of filling the gas tank; therefore, the pressure
regulator must not be installed under any part of the motor that blocks the view of the
manometer
REDUCER / MIXER SYSTEM

10. STOICHIOMETRIC A/F Ratio Controller, Cool EGR and 3-Way Catalyst

11. The tanks have a valve that must be installed very tightly. For this purpose, the
cylinder is placed on a specially prepared bracket-clamp that will hold the tanks while
the valve is installed avoiding its turning when the valve is being tightened.
Before installing the valve in the cylinder thread, 30 rounds of Teflon tape must be
applied for better sealing. The valve must be tightened in the cylinder with no greater
than 25 kgm.
The cylinders should be placed in the same direction as the car axels. The Manual
Safety Valve must be easily accessible, so that it can be closed without problems in
case of a leak.
NGV TANKS AND THEIR VALVES

12. • What types of vehicles run on
natural gas?
2) Dedicated NGVs
2) Bi-Fuel NGVs
Types of Vehicles

13. • A dedicated NGV runs on natural gas only.
• Dedicated NGVs can be gasoline-fueled vehicles
that have been converted to run on natural gas.
• Mostly dedicated NGVs are produced by original
equipment manufacturers.
Dedicated NGVs

14. Examples of NGV Cars
Honda Civic GX The Omni Cargo

15. Light-Duty NGVs
 Suitable for light-duty needs in private and
government fleets
 Honda Civic GX
Medium-Duty NGVs
 Vans and shuttles
 Airports and taxi fleets
Heavy-Duty NGVs
 Refuse haulers
 Transit buses
 School buses
 Long-haul trucks
 Street sweepers
 Snowplows
 Short-haul delivery trucks

16. • A bi-fuel vehicle can run on either natural gas or
gasoline.
• Many are designed to switch automatically to
gasoline when the natural gas fuel tank reaches
empty.
• These vehicles get the same or slightly fewer
miles per equivalent gallon of natural gas as do
vehicles using gasoline only.
Bi-Fuel NGVs

17. • The Absence of Transportation
• The Absence of Storage Infrastructure
• Loss of Cargo Space
• Increased Refueling Time
• Lower Driving Range
• Price
Obstacles to The Widespread of
Use of NGVs

18. • Building more pipelines.
• Establishing more liquefied tankers.
• A slow fill gets more gas into the tank than does
a fast fill.
• Petroleum Authority of Thailand (PTT) is now
promoting the new plan.
Solutions (1)

19. •Tax Reductions for CNG Vehicles
- Tax reductions of 25% for CNG buses and taxi
cabs
- 20% for other CNG vehicles
• Giving an import tariff exemption for
NGV cylinders and other related
equipment
Solutions (2)

20. Solutions (3)
• Building more NGV
refueling stations
- PTT plans to increase the
number to 160 stations next
year
- 740 nationwide in 2010

21. • Natural gas combustion produces no significant
aldehydes or other air toxins.
• Natural gas price is cheaper than the price of
gasoline.
• Safety
Conclusion

23. Thank you!