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REACCH Presentation
- 1. SPATIAL VARIABILITY IN SOIL PHOSPHORUS OLIVIA GROVE MENTORS:DR. ERIN BROOKS & SCOTT FENNEMA
- 2. THE PROBLEM •HIGH PHOSPHORUS (P) LOADING TO FERNAN LAKE • TOXIC BLUE-GREEN ALGAE (CYANOBACTERIA) • EUTROPHICATION • CDA EXPERIENCING INCREASED P LOADING • POTENTIAL FOR EUTROPHICATION IN THE FUTURE Photo via Idaho DEQ
- 3. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? •UNPOTABLE WATER, CARCINOGENS, FISH KILL • CYANOBACTERIA & EUTROPHICATION RESTRICTS WATER USE • TOURISM • HEAVY METALS IN LAKEBED SEDIMENTS • 83 MILLION TONS ZINC, LEAD, ARSENIC, CADMIUM
- 4. RESEARCH • WHERE ISTHE PHOSPHORUS COMING FROM? • FOREST, AGRICULTURE • THICK LITTER LAYER, AG FERTILIZATION APPLICATIONS • HOW DO WE MANAGE IT? • IDAHO DEQ AND TRIBE https://www.usask.ca/agriculture/plantsci/winter_cereals/
- 5. P BACKGROUND •PARTICULATE • P IS ATTACHED TO SOIL MATERIAL • EROSION DRIVES PARTICULATE P MOVEMENT • SOLUBLE • MOST READILY AVAILABLE TO PLANTS AND ALGAE (BIOAVAILABLE) • DIFFICULT TO MANAGE • RUNOFF DRIVES MOVEMENT
- 6. OBJECTIVES • COMPARE SOILP CONCENTRATIONS IN FOREST AND AG LAND TYPES IN THE CDA BASIN • IDENTIFY DRIVERS OF SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF PHOSPHORUS WITHIN THESE LAND TYPES
- 7. METHODOLOGY • IDAHO DEQAND COEUR D’ALENE TRIBE IDENTIFIED PRIORITY WATERSHEDS • FOREST: FERNAN, WOLF LODGE • AG: LAKE CREEK • FACTORS DRIVING P DISTRIBUTION • TOPOGRAPHY, LITTER THICKNESS, VEGETATIVE GROWTH, DEPOSITION (ROADS, CREEKS, BUFFERS)
- 8. SAMPLING PROTOCOL • USEDGIS TO DETERMINE KEY SAMPLING LOCATIONS • SAMPLED 0-7 CM DEPTH • MEASURED: • LITTER THICKNESS, DRY MASS & SOIL PH AND MOISTURE CONTENT • ESTIMATED FOREST CANOPY COVER • ANALYZED SOIL SAMPLES FOR: TOTAL P MEHLICH III, WATER EXTRACTIONS
- 9. AG SAMPLING LOCATIONS 16 SAMPLESAT LAKE CREEK 6 -7 YEARS TIMOTHY HAY FOLLOWED BY 2 YEARS OF GRAIN GROWER APPLIES 20 LB/AC/YR P
- 10. FOREST SAMPLING LOCATIONS 38 SAMPLESAT FERNAN CREEK 19 SAMPLES AT WOLF LODGE CREEK
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- 13. 15 16 17 18 Ag Forest Water SolubleP (mg/kg) RESULTS
- 14. Error bars represent1 standard deviation 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 All Forest Lake Creek Agriculture TotalSoilP(mg/kg)
- 15. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 All Forest LakeCreek Agriculture MehlichP(mg/kg)
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- 18. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Wetlands Grass RoadsForest Creek TotalPhosphorus(mg/kg) RESULTS – FERNAN TOTAL PHOSPHORUS
- 19. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Wetlands Grass RoadsForest Creek MehlichExtractableSoil Phosphorus(mg/L) RESULTS – FERNAN MEHLICH III PHOSPHORUS
- 20. CONCLUSION • HIGHER TOTALPCONCENTRATIONS IN FOREST (NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT) • EXTRACTABLE P TENDS TO BE HIGHER IN AG SETTINGS COMARED TO FOREST • P IN FOREST SETTING SHOULD ALSO BE MANAGED – NOT JUST AG • FOREST TOE SLOPE HAD HIGHEST TOTAL P CONC • 1. LAKE CREEK AG VARIABILITY IS LOWER THAN FOREST • 2. TOPOGRAPHIC POSITION INFLUENCED P CONC • 3. MORE SAMPLES NECESSARY TO INCREASE SIGNIFICANCE http://www.forestcamping.com/dow/northern/coerinfo.htm
- 21. IN RELATION TOCLIMATE CHANGE • HEIGHTENED DRY SEASON TEMPERATURES COULD INCREASE FREQUENCY AND INTENSITY OF FOREST FIRES • MORE FIRES, MORE ERODIBILITY OF SOIL http://www.boiseweekly.com/boise/austin-fire-department-tells-boise-wildfire-is- everyones-fight/Content?oid=3466162
- 22. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • DR. ERINBROOKS – BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING • SCOTT FENNEMA • IDAHO DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, COEUR D’ALENE BRANCH • COEUR D’ALENE TRIBE • REGIONAL APPROACHES TO CLIMATE CHANGE • USDA