Oracle is an American technology corporation that specializes in database management systems. It provides tools for database design, querying, SQL variations and extensions, storage and indexing, query processing and optimization, accessing external data sources, and database administration. These tools help with modeling, querying, reporting, security, data warehousing, loading external data, and selecting optimal access paths for queries.

1. Case studies oracle
Submitted on
P.Priyadharshini
II-MSC(IT)
Department of cs & IT
Nadar saraswathi college of arts & Science
Theni

2. Topic
• Oracle
• Database design tool
• Querying tool
• Sql variation and extension
• Storage and indexing
• Query processing amd optimizating
• Optimating
• External data sources
• External table
• Database administration tool
• Access path selection

3. Oracle
Oracle is American multinational computer
technologycorporation headquartered in redwood city,
califonia, united states.
Founded by larry elison, bob miner, ed oates in the year
1977.
Company specializes in developing and marketing computer
hardware systems and enterpriae software product
particularly bramds database management systems

4. Database Design Tools
• Oracle’s design tool include In the Oracle internet Development suite
Of Tools Various aspects Of application Development, including Tools
for forms development , data modeling , quering and Reporting . Class
modeling To generate code Bussiness coMponent for java framework
Modeling general purpose control folw modeling
• Support Xml data exchange other uml tool
• Support modeling techniques As er diagram, information engineering
and object analysis and Oracle.

5. Querying tools
• Relation Engine Can scales to much data sets
• A common security model used analytical application
datawarehouse
• Multidimensional modeling integrated datawarehouse modeling
• Relational database management systen larger set feature
functionality many area such as high availability, backup and
recovery and third patty tool support
• No need train database administrator two database Engines

6. Sql variations And extensions
• Connect by, form of tree traversal allow transitive clousure style calculation in
single sql statement
• Upset and multitable inserts :upset operation update and insert , and useful
merging new data old data in datawarehouse application.multitable inserts
allow multiple tables updated based on single scan of new data.
• Object relational feature
• Object types :single inheritance model for type hierarches.
• Collection tables oracle support varrays variable length arrays, and nested
tables
• Table features:table function oracle can be nested.
• Object view:virtual object table view data store in regular relational table
• Methods pl/sql java or c
• User define aggregate function:sqlstatement same way built in function sum
count
• Xmldata types :store inDex xml document

7. Storage and indexing
• Table space :system table space create data dictionary table
• Table space create store user data
• Segment:
• Data segment one data segment per partition.
• Index segment one index segment per partition
• Temporary segment data To disk or data inserted temporary table
• Rollback segment undo information uncommitted transaction can
be rolled back.

8. Query processing and optimization
• Execution methods
• Full table scan query processor entire table getting information blocks
makeup scanning those blocks
• Index scan processor creates start and /or stop key condition query scan
relevant part of index
• Index fast full scan traverses index leaf blocks order fast full scan does
not guarantee output preServes Sort above
• Inner join performs join hash join row id form different indices
• Cluster and hash cluster access processor access data using cluster key

9. Optimization
• Querytransformation
• Oracle does query optimatization in several stage .techniques
relating query transformation take place access path selection but
oracle several type of cost based query transformation staNdard
version
• Distributed databases
• Oracle als transparently supporttansaction spanning multiple by
built in two phase commit protocol

10. External data souces
• Data warehousing large amount of data regularly loaded from
transactional system
• Sql* loader
• Oracle direct load utility sql*loader fast parallel large amount of
data from external file.
• Filtering operation data being loaded

11. External Tables
• The external table primarily intended extraction transformation
loading(etl) in datawarehouSing environment. The data warehouse
flat file
• Create table table as
• Select …..from<external table>
• Where……

12. Database administration tool
• The decision use subquering for paticular dimensional cost
effective decisions query better original based optimizer cost
estimates

13. Access path selection
• Each operation optimizer cost function generatiom combinatio
operation lower overall cost.
• Cpu speed disk i/o performed optimizier statistics
• Nontrivialnumber of joinquery optimizer
• Smaller number of order in better response time