2. Operating System
- An Operating System (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware
resources and provides common services for computer programs.
- An operating system acts as an interface between the software and different parts of the
computer or the computer hardware.
- Most common Operating Systems are Windows, MacOS, Linux, Android and iOS.
3. Most Popular OS
Windows
- Proprietary closed-source
operating system developed
by Microsoft.
- Typically requires a license
fee for each installation.
- Known for its graphical user
interface (GUI) with a Start
menu, taskbar, and a variety
of window management
features.
MacOs
- Proprietary closed-source
operating system developed
by Apple.
- Available for free on Apple
hardware but tied to Apple's
ecosystem.
- Features a clean and
intuitive GUI, with a Dock
for application shortcuts, a
menu bar at the top, and a
consistent design language.
Linux
- Open-source operating
system with a variety of
distributions
- Generally free and open
source.
- Linux systems also often
offer a command-line
interface.
4. RaspberryPi:
Raspberry Pi needs an OS to
work. Raspberry Pi OS
(previously called Raspbian) is
the official OS for the device.
6. RaspberryPi
A Raspberry Pi is a series of small,
single-board computers developed by
the Raspberry Pi Foundation. These
credit card-sized computers are
designed to promote computer
science education and facilitate
affordable computing solutions for
various projects.
Why to use it?
- Affordable price
- Portability
- GPIO Pins
- Energy Efficient
8. Requirements to Setup Raspberry Pi
1. Raspberry Pi - https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-5/
1. Raspberry Pi Imager - https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/
1. Raspberry Pi OS Image - https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/operating-systems/
9. Hardware on Raspberry Pi 4B
● Broadcom BCM2711, Quad core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit SoC @ 1.8GHz
● 1GB, 2GB, 4GB or 8GB LPDDR4-3200 SDRAM (depending on model)
● 2.4 GHz and 5.0 GHz IEEE 802.11ac wireless, Bluetooth 5.0, BLE
● Gigabit Ethernet
● 2 USB 3.0 ports; 2 USB 2.0 ports.
● Raspberry Pi standard 40 pin GPIO header
● 2 × micro-HDMI® ports (up to 4kp60 supported)
● 2-lane MIPI DSI display port
● 2-lane MIPI CSI camera port
● 4-pole stereo audio and composite video port
● Micro-SD card slot for loading operating system and data storage
● 5V DC via USB-C connector (minimum 3A*)
● 5V DC via GPIO header (minimum 3A*)
● Power over Ethernet (PoE) enabled (requires separate PoE HAT)
10. Raspberry Pi GPIO Pin Diagram
GPIO - General Purpose Input Output Pins
11. Linux & Terminal Commands
For reference, we’ll be visiting : https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/basic-linux-commands/
To learn Linux, then you can refer to these books :
1. The Linux Command Line
1. Linux Basics for Hackers
12. What to do after Setting Up Raspberry Pi?
1. Updating the Linux, using the command - sudo apt-get update
What does this command do - This command essentially serves as an instruction to
update the local package index. It downloads package details from all set sources to
refresh the package cache. The package manager (in this case ‘apt’) needs to know
which packages are available and where to find them to install software or
packages on your system.
1. Upgrading the Linux, using the command - sudo apt upgrade
What does this command do - The "apt-get upgrade" program downloads and
installs the most recent packages, replacing any earlier versions that were already
on your system.
1. Check the Version & Updating Python using the command - python –version &&
sudo apt install python3.13