If you or your loved ones have rare eye diseases, keep this in mind: While this condition may be unusual, you are not alone. And while most doctors don’t know much about your condition, there are specialists and organizations that do. They are dedicated to helping people with all kinds of rare eye diseases and their families. Find out what they offer.
Rare Eye Diseases List
National Eye Institute has information on a number of rare eye diseases, including:
Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia
Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy
Behçet’s Disease
Coloboma
Graves’ Eye Disease
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Retinitis Pigmentosa
Retinoblastoma
Stargardt Disease
Usher Syndrome
1. Anophthalmia And Microphthalmia
Summary: Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia
Signs: Being born with unusually small eyes (microphthalmia) or without one or both eyes (anophthalmia)
Diagnosis: Prenatal tests, physical exam
Treatment: Prosthetic devices, surgery, medicine
What are anophthalmia and microphthalmia?
microphthalmia and anophthalmia are eye conditions that people are born with. Microphthalmia occurs when a child has one or both small eyes. Both conditions are rare and can lead to vision loss or blindness. Anophthalmia occurs when a baby is born without one or both eyes.
There is no cure for people born with anophthalmia or microphthalmia that can create a new eye or restore sight. But early treatment can help the growth and development of infants and children with these conditions.
What causes anophthalmia and microphthalmia?
Most of the time, doctors do not know what causes anophthalmia or microphthalmia. These conditions can be caused by:
Changes in genes. (genetic mutations) These changes occur during pregnancy before the baby is born. These changes can also lead to other birth defects.
Some medications can cause anophthalmia and microphthalmia if you take them during pregnancy.
Coming into contact with harmful things could also cause anophthalmia and microphthalmia. This may include :
X-rays
Chemicals
Drugs
Pesticides
Radiation
Viruses
Experts think that a combination of genes and other factors, such as harmful things in your environment, can also cause anophthalmia and microphthalmia.
2. Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy
Summary: Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy
Symptoms: Loss of vision especially night vision and peripheral (side) vision
Diagnosis: Dilated eye exam, genetic testing
Treatment: None
What is Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy?
Bietti’s crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is a genetic disease and it’s rare. In BCD outer layer of the front of the eye). People with, crystals made of fatty acids build in your retina (the light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of the eye) and your cornea (the clear
BCD May first experience symptoms in their teens or early twenties, such as difficulty seeing in low light or out of the corner of the eye. Over time, this leads to eyesight loss.
285 milion people around the world are blind or visually impaired.
About 80% of these cases are avoidable.
Poorer population are more affected.
90% of these patients lives in developing countries.
Global Medical Cures™ | DIABETES & EYE DISEASE
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Global Medical Cures™ | Diabetic Retinopathy
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
285 milion people around the world are blind or visually impaired.
About 80% of these cases are avoidable.
Poorer population are more affected.
90% of these patients lives in developing countries.
Global Medical Cures™ | DIABETES & EYE DISEASE
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Global Medical Cures™ | Diabetic Retinopathy
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Eye care hospitals in Navi Mumbai: Apollo Hospitals MumbaiSumanKundaliya
The Ophthalmology Department is dedicated to providing different types of remedies for vision- related disorders. Our eye care services are not only supported by a wide range of equipment but also experienced consultants. This enables the department to treat and manage a plethora of eye diseases involving both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye.
Visit website.
Effective treatment for diplopia in Mindheal Homeopathy clinic ,Chembur, Mumb...Shewta shetty
"Diplopia-This is commonly known as having double vision where the patient sees two images of the same object. These images may be placed horizontally, vertically or diagonally. It is usually caused due to the impaired function of the extraocular muscles. Mindheal homeopathy is able to identify the root cause of diplopia and treat it. "/>
Effective treatment for diplopia in Mindheal Homeopathy clinic ,Chembur, Mumb...Shewta shetty
"Diplopia-This is commonly known as having double vision where the patient sees two images of the same object. These images may be placed horizontally, vertically or diagonally. It is usually caused due to the impaired function of the extraocular muscles. Mindheal homeopathy is able to identify the root cause of diplopia and treat it. "/>
Global Medical Cures™ | DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Global Medical Cures™ | Aging and your Eyes
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Macular degeneration is an eye disease and is the most common type of macular damage in adults. Because the disease develops as a person ages, it is often known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
This condition name “Diabetic retinopathy” is characterized by damage to the retina caused by severe complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic retinopathy can lead to blindness if not treated on time. It is possible to prevent early blindness because of diabetic retinopathy with the help of routine checks and effective management of underlying diabetes.
Accommodative esotropia is one of the most frequently encountered forms of strabismus (eye turn). This presentation reviews information on its causes, diagnosis and treatment.
Lazy Eye, Eye Turns and Other Functional Vision DisordersDominick Maino
This is a presentation that will be given to the GreenParent Network conference attendees of Chicago's Green Family Festival, April 17 & 18, at the Irish American Heritage Center.
A balance disorder is a condition that makes you feel unsteady or dizzy, as if you are moving, spinning, or floating, even though you are standing still or lying down. Balance disorders can be caused by certain health conditions, medications, or a problem in the inner ear or the brain.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Eye care hospitals in Navi Mumbai: Apollo Hospitals MumbaiSumanKundaliya
The Ophthalmology Department is dedicated to providing different types of remedies for vision- related disorders. Our eye care services are not only supported by a wide range of equipment but also experienced consultants. This enables the department to treat and manage a plethora of eye diseases involving both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye.
Visit website.
Effective treatment for diplopia in Mindheal Homeopathy clinic ,Chembur, Mumb...Shewta shetty
"Diplopia-This is commonly known as having double vision where the patient sees two images of the same object. These images may be placed horizontally, vertically or diagonally. It is usually caused due to the impaired function of the extraocular muscles. Mindheal homeopathy is able to identify the root cause of diplopia and treat it. "/>
Effective treatment for diplopia in Mindheal Homeopathy clinic ,Chembur, Mumb...Shewta shetty
"Diplopia-This is commonly known as having double vision where the patient sees two images of the same object. These images may be placed horizontally, vertically or diagonally. It is usually caused due to the impaired function of the extraocular muscles. Mindheal homeopathy is able to identify the root cause of diplopia and treat it. "/>
Global Medical Cures™ | DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Global Medical Cures™ | Aging and your Eyes
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Macular degeneration is an eye disease and is the most common type of macular damage in adults. Because the disease develops as a person ages, it is often known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
This condition name “Diabetic retinopathy” is characterized by damage to the retina caused by severe complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic retinopathy can lead to blindness if not treated on time. It is possible to prevent early blindness because of diabetic retinopathy with the help of routine checks and effective management of underlying diabetes.
Accommodative esotropia is one of the most frequently encountered forms of strabismus (eye turn). This presentation reviews information on its causes, diagnosis and treatment.
Lazy Eye, Eye Turns and Other Functional Vision DisordersDominick Maino
This is a presentation that will be given to the GreenParent Network conference attendees of Chicago's Green Family Festival, April 17 & 18, at the Irish American Heritage Center.
A balance disorder is a condition that makes you feel unsteady or dizzy, as if you are moving, spinning, or floating, even though you are standing still or lying down. Balance disorders can be caused by certain health conditions, medications, or a problem in the inner ear or the brain.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and IndigestionSwastikAyurveda
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Rare Eye Diseases List.pdf
1. 10 Rare Eye Diseases List- How Do I
Know If My Child Has an Eye Problem?
● by Dr Sadia Ayaz
Rarest Eye Disease
If you or your loved ones have rare eye diseases, keep this in mind: While this
condition may be unusual, you are not alone. And while most doctors don’t
know much about your condition, there are specialists and organizations that
do. They are dedicated to helping people with all kinds of rare eye diseases
and their families. Find out what they offer.
2. Rare Eye Diseases List
National Eye Institute has information on a number of rare eye diseases,
including:
● Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia
● Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy
● Behçet’s Disease
● Coloboma
● Graves’ Eye Disease
● Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
● Retinitis Pigmentosa
● Retinoblastoma
● Stargardt Disease
● Usher Syndrome
1. Anophthalmia And Microphthalmia
● Summary: Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia
● Signs: Being born with unusually small eyes (microphthalmia) or
without one or both eyes (anophthalmia)
● Diagnosis: Prenatal tests, physical exam
● Treatment: Prosthetic devices, surgery, medicine
What are anophthalmia and microphthalmia?
3. microphthalmia and anophthalmia are eye conditions that people are born
with. Microphthalmia occurs when a child has one or both small eyes. Both
conditions are rare and can lead to vision loss or blindness. Anophthalmia
occurs when a baby is born without one or both eyes.
There is no cure for people born with anophthalmia or microphthalmia that can
create a new eye or restore sight. But early treatment can help the growth and
development of infants and children with these conditions.
What causes anophthalmia and microphthalmia?
Most of the time, doctors do not know what causes anophthalmia or
microphthalmia. These conditions can be caused by:
Changes in genes. (genetic mutations) These changes occur during
pregnancy before the baby is born. These changes can also lead to other birth
defects.
Some medications can cause anophthalmia and microphthalmia if you take
them during pregnancy.
Coming into contact with harmful things could also cause anophthalmia and
microphthalmia. This may include :
● X-rays
● Chemicals
● Drugs
● Pesticides
● Radiation
● Viruses
4. Experts think that a combination of genes and other factors, such as harmful
things in your environment, can also cause anophthalmia and microphthalmia.
2. Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy
● Summary: Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy
● Symptoms: Loss of vision especially night vision and peripheral (side)
vision
● Diagnosis: Dilated eye exam, genetic testing
● Treatment: None
What is Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy?
Bietti’s crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is a genetic disease and it’s rare. In BCD
outer layer of the front of the eye). People with, crystals made of fatty acids
build in your retina (the light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of the eye)
and your cornea (the clear
BCD May first experience symptoms in their teens or early twenties, such as
difficulty seeing in low light or out of the corner of the eye. Over time, this
leads to eyesight loss.
There is currently no proven cure for BCD, but vision restoration can help you
get the most out of your vision.
What causes BCD?
5. BCD is a genetic disease, which means it is transmitted from parents. You will
only have symptoms if both of your parents have the BCD and pass it on to
you. If only one parent has the gene, you will carry the BCD gene but have no
symptoms.
3. Behçet’s Disease
● Summary: Behçet’s Disease
● Symptoms: Eye pain, blurry vision, red eyes, genital sores, mouth
sores, skin problems
● Diagnosis: Medical history
● Treatment: Medicine (steroids)
What is Behçet’s disease?
Behçet’s is a rare disease that can damage your blood vessels. It can cause
problems in many parts of your body, including your eyes. But you may have
periods when your symptoms go away, which is called remission.
There is no cure for Behçet’s, but there are some treatments that can help you
manage it.
What causes Behçet’s Disease?
6. Most of the symptoms of Behçet’s are caused by inflammation in your blood
vessels. Inflammation usually occurs when your immune system is fighting an
infection. Behçet’s disease instead makes your immune system attack your
blood vessels. It can cause problems such as swelling and pain in many parts
of your body.
Experts are not sure why this happens. People with Behçet’s may have a
gene (HLA – B51) that causes problems with their immune system. Bacteria,
viruses, or anything else in the environment can cause this reaction.
If you have Behçet’s, you cannot pass it on to anyone else.
4. Coloboma
● Summary: Coloboma
● Symptoms: Missing tissue in a part of your eye, vision loss, sensitivity
to light
● Diagnosis: Eye exam
● Treatment: Contact lenses, Eyeglasses, vision aids, early intervention,
surgery (to improve appearance)
What is Coloboma?
Coloboma is an eye disease that people are born with. This happens when
normal tissue in or around the eye is missing. It can affect one eye or both
eyes.
7. If your child has coloboma, talk to your doctor about the best care plan for it.
There are treatments that can help them make the most out of their eyesight.
What causes coloboma?
Coloboma happens when during pregnancy a baby’s eye does not develop
normally, because of abnormal or altered genes that affect eye development.
Sometimes coloboma runs in families.
drinking alcohol, during pregnancy, can also increase the risk of coloboma
disease for the baby.
Coloboma often occurs with conditions that affect other parts of the body, such
as Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and CHARGE syndrome.
5. Graves’ Eye Disease
● Summary: Graves’ Eye Disease
● Symptoms: dry eyes, double vision, bulging eyes, puffy eyelids, eyelids
that pull back more than usual
● Diagnosis: Eye exam
● Treatment: medicine, Eye drops, surgery
What is Graves’ Eye Disease?
Graves’ eye disease occurs when the swelling around the eyes expels them.
It is caused by Graves ‘disease and is also called GED, Graves’
ophthalmopathy, or (TED) thyroid eye disease.
8. this disease is often mild and can go away on its own. It does not usually
cause eyesight loss but can cause double vision and other symptoms.
Treatment can help with these symptoms.
What causes Graves’ eye disease?
Researchers are not sure what caused Graves. He thinks people with certain
genes are more likely to have it. A virus or something else in the environment
can act as a “trigger” causing disease in people who have these genes.
Graves’ disease is not contagious. You can’t take it from other people or give
it to them.
6. Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
● Summary: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension(IIH)
● Symptoms: Blind spots, peripheral (side) Headaches, vision loss
● Diagnosis: Vision test, Dilated eye exam, other medical tests
● Treatment: Weight loss, medicine, surgery
What is Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension?
(IIH) occurs when too much pressure around the brain causes symptoms such
as headaches and vision changes. “Idiopathic” means unknown cause,
“hypertension” means hypertension and “intracranial” means in the skull.
9. IIH occurs when too much cerebrospinal fluid around the brain and spinal cord
builds up in your skull. This puts extra pressure on your brain and the nerves
in the back of your eye, called the optic nerve.
Talk to your eye doctor if you notice a change in your vision. your eye doctor
can examine and find out if your symptoms are related to IIH or any other
condition. there are treatments for (IIH) that can help with the symptoms.
What causes IIH?
Experts do not know the cause of IIH. But other types of intracranial
hypertension have known causes:
Acute intracranial hypertension occurs suddenly, usually due to an accident or
stroke
Chronic intracranial hypertension increases over time, usually due to health
problems such as blood clots or brain tumors, or taking certain medications.
If doctors can’t find a cause for high blood pressure, it’s called IIH.
7. Retinitis Pigmentosa
● Summary: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP)
● Early Symptoms: Loss of night vision and side (peripheral) vision
● Later Symptoms: Vision loss and blindness
● Diagnosis: Electroretinography (a type of retina test), dilated eye exam,
genetic test,
● Treatment: vision rehabilitation, low vision aids.
10. What is Retinitis Pigmentosa?
retinitis pigmentosa is a group of rare eye diseases that affect retina. (RP)
causes cells in the retina to break down slowly over time, leading to loss of
vision. RP is a genetic disease. Symptoms usually begin in childhood, and
eventually, most people lose most of their sight.
There is no cure but Vision Rehabilitation (training) and vision Aids programs
can help people to get the most out of their vision.
What causes Retinitis Pigmentosa?
Most of the time, retinitis pigmentosa is caused by changes in the genes.
These mutated genes are passed from parents to children. RP is linked to
different genes and can be inherited in different ways. If you have RP, you can
talk to your doctor or a specialist called a genetic counselor to find out more
about your children’s risk of getting RP from you.
Sometimes RP occurs as part of other genetic conditions, such as Usher’s
syndrome.
8. Retinoblastoma
● Summary: Retinoblastoma
● Symptoms: Pupil looks white in bright light or flash photos, eye
swelling, crossed eyes, eye pain, teary eyes.
● Diagnosis: ultrasound of the eye, dilated eye exam,
● Treatment: Chemotherapy, laser treatment, radiation, cryotherapy
(freeze treatment), surgery to remove the eye (enucleation)
11. What is retinoblastoma?
Retinoblastoma is a rare eye disease (cancer) that develops in the retina. it is
most common in children under 5 years of age – but in rare cases, it can
occur in older children and adults. It can affect one eye or both.
Retinoblastoma can cause blindness and can be fatal. But early diagnosis and
treatment can help prevent cancer from spreading and prevent vision loss. It
is therefore important to call your child’s doctor immediately if you notice any
symptoms of retinoblastoma.
What causes retinoblastoma?
Retinoblastoma occurs when genetic mutations cause retinal cells to grow into
tumors. Most of the time, these gene mutations are accidental – but
sometimes the mutated gene is inherited from the parents.
When retinoblastoma is inherited, it can affect both eyes.
9. Stargardt Disease
● Summary: Stargardt Disease
● Symptoms: sensitivity to light, Loss of central vision
● Diagnosis: Dilated eye exam, genetic testing, photos, or scans of the
retina.
● Treatment: vision rehabilitation, Vision aids
● Clinical Trial: Oral Metformin for Treatment of ABCA4 Retinopathy
(Stargardt Disease)
12. What is Stargardt disease?
Stargardt is a rare genetic disease of the eye that occurs when fat
accumulates on the macula – a small part of the retina that is essential for
sharp, central vision.
Vision loss usually begins in childhood – but some people with Stargard’s do
not begin to lose their sight until adults. There is no cure for this disease, but
restoring vision can help people make the most of their remaining sight.
What causes Stargardt disease?
Stargardt is usually caused by a mutation in a gene called ABCA4. and it
affects how your body uses vitamin A.
The body uses vitamin A (a light-sensitive layer of tissue in the back of the
eye) to make cells in the retina. The ABCA4 gene then makes a protein to
clear the remaining fat content. In Stargard’s disease, this gene does not work
– so the fatty substance accumulates on the macula in a yellow cluster. Over
time, this fatty substance kills light-sensitive cells and destroys your central
vision.
Stargardt is an inherited genetic disease, which means it is passed from
parents to children.
10. Usher Syndrome
● Summary: Usher Syndrome
● Early Symptoms: Hearing loss or deafness (usually from birth)
13. ● Later Symptoms: Loss of night vision and side (peripheral) vision
● Diagnosis: Dilated eye exam, balance test, hearing test, genetic test
● Treatment: Vision aids, vision rehabilitation, hearing aids, or cochlear
implants
What is Usher syndrome?
it is a rare genetic disease and affects both vision and hearing. It causes eye
disease called retinitis pigmentosa and deafness or hearing loss. Sometimes,
it causes problems with balance.
People with Usher syndrome are born with it, but it is usually diagnosed in
children or adolescents. There is no cure for this Syndrome, but treatment can
help people deal with their vision, hearing, and balance problems. so it’s
important if you notice any symptoms talk to your child’s doctor right away.
What causes Usher Syndrome?
Usher syndrome is caused by a mutation in a gene. It is an inherited genetic
disease, which means that these altered genes are passed from parents to
children. Scientists have found 9 different genes that can cause usher
syndrome.
FAQ
Q1. What’s the rarest eye disease?
List of rare eye diseases
Ans: Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia
· Bietti’s Crystalline Dystrophy
14. · Behçet’s Disease
· Coloboma
· Graves’ Eye Disease
· Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
· Retinitis Pigmentosa
· Retinoblastoma
· Stargardt Disease
· Usher Syndrome
Q2. Which eye disease has no treatment?
Ans: The world celebrates the Day of Rare Eye Diseases on February 28. Stargard’s
disease is one, and like many others, there is no cure for Stargardt at the present.
This genetic macular degeneration affects young people under the age of 20 and is
hereditary.
Q3. Are all eye diseases curable?
Many rare eye diseases are currently incurable, but treatment can improve a patient’s
quality of life and slow the progression of damage.
Q4. What are the most common eye diseases?
Common Eye Disorders and Diseases
15. · Refractive Errors.
· Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
· Cataract.
· Diabetic Retinopathy.
· Glaucoma.
· Amblyopia.
· Strabismus.
Q5. What are eye problems associated with covid?
People respond to COVID-19 infections in different ways. While some people have mild
to severe respiratory problems, others have no symptoms. Pink eye is the most
common symptom of COVID in the eyes of adults and children.
Doctors are still learning how COVID-19 affects the eyes