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Rainwaterharvesting 130316122718-phpapp01
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- 2. Rain Water Harvesting?.RainWater Harvesting?. • Rain Water Harvesting RWH- process of collecting, conveying & storing water from rainfall in an area – for beneficial use. • Storage – in tanks, reservoirs, underground storage- groundwater • Hydrological Cycle
- 3. .ppt (3) What IsRainwater Harvesting? RWH technology consists of simple systems to collect, convey, and store rainwater. Rainwater capture is accomplished primarily from roof-top, surface runoff, and other surfaces. RWH either captures stored rainwater for direct use (irrigation, production, washing, drinking water, etc.) or is recharged into the local ground water and is call artificial recharge. In many cases, RWH systems are used in conjunction with Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR). ASR is the introduction of RWH collected rainwater to the groundwater / aquifer through various structures in excess of what would naturally infiltrate then recovered for use
- 4. .ppt (4) Why RainwaterHarvesting? Conserve and supplement existing water resources Available for capture and storage in most global locations Potentially provide improved quality of water Supply water at one of the lowest costs possible for a supplemental supply source. Capturing and directing storm water (run-off) and beneficially use it Commitment as a corporate citizen - showcasing environmental concerns Public Mandate (India) Replenishing local ground water aquifers where lowering of water tables has occured
- 5. .ppt (5) Why NotRWH? Not applicable in all climate conditions over the world Performance seriously affected by climate fluctuations that sometimes are hard to predict Increasingly sophisticated RWH systems (ASR) necessarily increases complexities in cost, design, operation, maintenance, size and regulatory permitting Collected rainwater can be degraded with the inclusion of storm water runoff Collected water quality might be affected by external factors Collection systems require monitoring and continuous maintenance and improvement to maintain desired water quality characteristics for water end-use Certain areas will have high initial capital cost with low ROI
- 6. .ppt (6) Condensation Precipitation Evaporation Surface Water Infiltration Evapotranspiration Let’stake a look at The Water Cycle Consumption Surface Runoff Groundwater Sea water intrusion
- 7. .ppt (7) Condensation Precipitation Surface Water Groundwater Consumption RainfallDefinitions Intensity – Quantity per time of the rainfall event (mm/hour) Duration – period of time for the precipitation event Average Annual and Monthly Precipitation – Average rainfall over one year period and monthly intervals and usually based on 30 or more years of data
- 8. .ppt (8) 1 Roof 2Screen 3 Discharge of water 4 Pre-filter 5 Storage tank 6 Flow meter 7 Storm water discharge Raw water tank or Aquifer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Rain Water as Source Water Design Considerations Typical Diagram Recomendation
- 9. .ppt (9) Ground WaterRecharge Under natural conditions it may take days to centuries to recharge ground water by rain water. As we need to replenish the pumped water, Artificial Recharge of Ground water is required at some locations.
- 10. Appropriate Technology Water conservation and groundwater rechargetechniques Water harvesting cum supplementary irrigation techniques in Jhabua
- 11. .ppt (11) Ground catchmentssystems channel water from a prepared catchment area into storage. Generally they are only considered in areas where rainwater is very scarce and other sources of water are not available. They are more suited to small communities than individual families. If properly designed, ground catchment systems can collect large quantities of rainwater.
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- 13. .ppt (13) Storage • Storagedevices may be either above or below ground • Different types include Storage Tanks Water Containers Lagoons or Lined Ponds Infiltration Ponds Size based on rainfall pattern, demand, budget and area
- 14. • Roof RainWater Harvesting • Land based Rain Water Harvesting • Watershed based Rain Water harvesting • For Urban & Industrial Environment – • Roof & Land based RWH • Public, Private, Office & Industrial buildings • Pavements, Lawns, Gardens & other open spaces RWH – MethodologiesRWH – Methodologies
- 15. .ppt (15) Recharge Wells Therunoff water from rooftops or other catchments can be channelized into an existing /new well via sand filter to filter turbidity and other pollutants Abandoned wells can also be used Cost-effective process, which not only conserves rainwater for immediate use but also helps to enhance the local ground water situation
- 16. .ppt (16) MANICURED LAWN POROUS PARKING GARDEN GREENROOF GREEN ROOF OZONATION FILTRATION BACKUP MUNICIPAL SUPPLY RAIN WATERHARVESTING FOROFFICES OVERFLOW GROUND WATER REPLENISHING WELLS RAIN WATERACCUMULATION IN LIEU OF STORMWATERATTENUATION POND
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Editor's Notes
- #7 Narration: The hydrologic or water cycle is the continuous flow of water between reservoirs at or near the earth’s surface. As water falls to the ground as precipitation, it may develop as surface runoff into nearby surface waters or infiltrate into the ground and become stored as groundwater. Water stored in open areas, know as surface water, can evaporate into the atmosphere. In addition, water used by plants for normal growth or transpiration is also returned to the atmosphere. Once in the atmosphere water can condense into clouds and precipitate as rain or snowfall, initiating the cycle over again. Water is a renewable resource that, managed properly, can sustain the activities in the watershed for an indefinite period of time. Animation: shows water cycle
- #8 Narration: The hydrologic or water cycle is the continuous flow of water between reservoirs at or near the earth’s surface. As water falls to the ground as precipitation, it may develop as surface runoff into nearby surface waters or infiltrate into the ground and become stored as groundwater. Water stored in open areas, know as surface water, can evaporate into the atmosphere. In addition, water used by plants for normal growth or transpiration is also returned to the atmosphere. Once in the atmosphere water can condense into clouds and precipitate as rain or snowfall, initiating the cycle over again. Water is a renewable resource that, managed properly, can sustain the activities in the watershed for an indefinite period of time. Animation: shows water cycle
- #14 The collection device usually represents the biggest capital investment of an RWH system. It therefore requires careful design- to provide optimal storage capacity while keeping the cost as low as possible. While above-ground structures like tanks are easily purchased or made with a variety of designs, and water extraction is in many cases by gravity; they also are expensive, require more space and are prone to attack from the weather. Below-ground structures like cisterns, lagoons etc. are generally cheaper due to lower material requirements and unobtrusive. However, water extraction often requires a pump, contamination is more common, and present a potential danger to children and small animals if left uncovered.
- #16 Existing structures such as defunct bore wells, unused/dried up open wells, unused sumps, etc. can be very well used for RWH through this technology of recharge wells instead of constructing recharge structures to reduce the total cost