A Thermostatic Radiator Valve (TRV) controls the temperature of a room by regulating the flow of warm water to a radiator. TRVs have two parts - a valve that opens and closes to control water flow, and a sensor that controls the valve based on room temperature. TRVs were invented in 1943 and help save energy and reduce CO2 emissions by around 100 kg per year compared to manual radiator valves.