The document provides an overview of radiation and its health effects. It discusses the discovery of different types of radiation throughout history. It describes the electromagnetic spectrum and different types of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. It explains the health effects of different types of radiation exposure, such as sunburn from UV radiation. Regulatory standards for radiation exposure are outlined. The key concepts of radiation absorption, dose, and half-life are also summarized.
Radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing and comes from natural and man-made sources. Ionizing radiation like alpha, beta, gamma, and x-rays can damage biological tissues by ionizing atoms. Exposure to high doses can cause acute effects while long-term low doses are linked to increased cancer risks. Radiation protection methods aim to reduce exposure time near sources and increase distance and shielding between people and radiation. Exposure is monitored using personal dosimeters and survey meters to track doses and identify sources.
Radiation comes in many forms, both natural and man-made. While some types like ionizing radiation can be harmful if exposed in high doses over long periods, radiation is also all around us in everyday life from sources like wifi, microwaves, visible light, and more. The document discusses the different types of radiation like alpha, beta, gamma, x-rays, and their varying abilities to penetrate materials. Overall, radiation is a natural phenomenon and in moderation the risks are quite low compared to other common causes of death.
This presentation covers the history and fundamentals of radiation including the electromagnetic spectrum, types of radiation, atoms, and general radiation safety principles such as ALARA. Key topics include ionizing versus non-ionizing radiation, radiation sources, radiation effects on cells, comparison of radiation doses, and methods of personal radiation monitoring including film badges, pocket dosimeters, and thermoluminescent dosimeters.
Radiation Introduction, Hazards and Measuring Equipment used in Radiation Pro...Sabir Rasheed
Introduction of radiation, hazards and Measuring Equipment used in Radiation Protection.
Biology Effects.
Nuclear effects.
Different Radiation Measuring instruments.
1.Types of personnel monitoring devices
2.Instruments for measuring external Exposure.
This document discusses radiation and radioactive pollution. It defines radiation as particles and energy emitted by unstable atoms during radioactive decay. Radiation comes from both natural sources like the sun and human activities like nuclear power plants and medical treatments. It also causes radioactive pollution when emitted into the air, water or soil. The effects of radiation on humans can include burns, cancer and death. However, radiation also has many beneficial uses in areas like medicine, communication and science. The document concludes with emphasizing the importance of safety measures and pollution prevention to minimize risks from radiation while allowing its productive applications.
Radioactive contamination occurs when radioactive material is deposited on or in an object or a person. Radioactive materials released into the environment can cause air, water, surfaces, soil, plants, buildings, people, or animals to become contaminated.
The document discusses different types of electromagnetic radiation and particle radiation, including their properties and sources. It covers the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to gamma rays. It also discusses ionizing radiation that can remove electrons from atoms, such as x-rays, gamma rays, alpha particles, and beta particles, and their ability to cause biological effects. Low levels of naturally occurring and man-made radioactive materials are present in our environment.
Radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and molecules and includes alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, x-rays, and neutrons. Non-ionizing radiation does not have enough energy to ionize but can excite electrons. Radiation is quantified by activity (disintegrations per second), exposure (energy deposited in air), absorbed dose (energy absorbed per mass), and biologically equivalent dose. Different types of ionizing radiation interact differently with tissues depending on their mass and charge. Acute radiation exposure can cause sickness and death while long-term effects include increased cancer risks and organ damage.
Radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing and comes from natural and man-made sources. Ionizing radiation like alpha, beta, gamma, and x-rays can damage biological tissues by ionizing atoms. Exposure to high doses can cause acute effects while long-term low doses are linked to increased cancer risks. Radiation protection methods aim to reduce exposure time near sources and increase distance and shielding between people and radiation. Exposure is monitored using personal dosimeters and survey meters to track doses and identify sources.
Radiation comes in many forms, both natural and man-made. While some types like ionizing radiation can be harmful if exposed in high doses over long periods, radiation is also all around us in everyday life from sources like wifi, microwaves, visible light, and more. The document discusses the different types of radiation like alpha, beta, gamma, x-rays, and their varying abilities to penetrate materials. Overall, radiation is a natural phenomenon and in moderation the risks are quite low compared to other common causes of death.
This presentation covers the history and fundamentals of radiation including the electromagnetic spectrum, types of radiation, atoms, and general radiation safety principles such as ALARA. Key topics include ionizing versus non-ionizing radiation, radiation sources, radiation effects on cells, comparison of radiation doses, and methods of personal radiation monitoring including film badges, pocket dosimeters, and thermoluminescent dosimeters.
Radiation Introduction, Hazards and Measuring Equipment used in Radiation Pro...Sabir Rasheed
Introduction of radiation, hazards and Measuring Equipment used in Radiation Protection.
Biology Effects.
Nuclear effects.
Different Radiation Measuring instruments.
1.Types of personnel monitoring devices
2.Instruments for measuring external Exposure.
This document discusses radiation and radioactive pollution. It defines radiation as particles and energy emitted by unstable atoms during radioactive decay. Radiation comes from both natural sources like the sun and human activities like nuclear power plants and medical treatments. It also causes radioactive pollution when emitted into the air, water or soil. The effects of radiation on humans can include burns, cancer and death. However, radiation also has many beneficial uses in areas like medicine, communication and science. The document concludes with emphasizing the importance of safety measures and pollution prevention to minimize risks from radiation while allowing its productive applications.
Radioactive contamination occurs when radioactive material is deposited on or in an object or a person. Radioactive materials released into the environment can cause air, water, surfaces, soil, plants, buildings, people, or animals to become contaminated.
The document discusses different types of electromagnetic radiation and particle radiation, including their properties and sources. It covers the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to gamma rays. It also discusses ionizing radiation that can remove electrons from atoms, such as x-rays, gamma rays, alpha particles, and beta particles, and their ability to cause biological effects. Low levels of naturally occurring and man-made radioactive materials are present in our environment.
Radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation has enough energy to remove electrons from atoms and molecules and includes alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, x-rays, and neutrons. Non-ionizing radiation does not have enough energy to ionize but can excite electrons. Radiation is quantified by activity (disintegrations per second), exposure (energy deposited in air), absorbed dose (energy absorbed per mass), and biologically equivalent dose. Different types of ionizing radiation interact differently with tissues depending on their mass and charge. Acute radiation exposure can cause sickness and death while long-term effects include increased cancer risks and organ damage.
Lesson 4 Ionizing Radiation | The Harnessed Atom (2016)ORAU
The document provides information about different types of radiation, including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. It discusses radioactive decay and half-life. It also addresses natural and human-made sources of radiation exposure and averages about 6 mSv of annual exposure for Americans. Radiation can potentially cause cell damage but low levels are generally harmless due to body's ability to repair itself.
The document discusses nuclear hazards and radiation. It defines nuclear reactions like fusion and fission, and notes they can release energy. The main sources of nuclear radiation are natural sources like radon, and anthropogenic sources like nuclear power plants and accidents. Exposure to radiation above certain levels can cause health effects ranging from mild sickness to death. The Chernobyl disaster of 1986 in Ukraine resulted from a power surge and explosions, releasing radiation over Europe. It required large evacuations and has been linked to increased cancer rates. Shielding, distance and limiting exposure time can help control radioactive pollution risks.
Radiation can kill or change living cells. The biological effects of radiation depend on the type of radiation, the absorbing tissue, and the total absorbed energy. Different types of radiation have different effects on cells due to their varying abilities to ionize atoms. While natural background radiation exposes people to around 2 millisieverts per year, high doses from events like nuclear accidents or weapons can cause immediate illness and death due to damage to skin, blood, and other tissues. Long-term effects include increased cancer risk believed to be caused by radiation damaging DNA and altering cell reproduction.
This document provides an overview of radiation and its effects on the human body. It defines radiation as the process of emitting energy through waves or particles, and identifies ionizing radiation as radiation that can knock electrons out of atoms. The types of ionizing radiation are identified as alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, x-rays, and neutrons. Sources of radiation include naturally occurring materials, medical equipment, consumer products, and industrial uses. Exposure to radiation can damage cells and DNA, potentially leading to cell death or cancer development over time. Methods to control radiation exposure include minimizing time spent near sources, maximizing distance, and using shielding to block radiation.
This document provides an overview of radiation and its effects on the human body. It defines radiation as the emission of energy through waves or particles. Ionizing radiation like alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, x-rays and neutrons have sufficient energy to damage atoms and DNA. Sources include naturally occurring radioactive materials in the environment and man-made sources like nuclear reactors, medical equipment, and consumer products. Exposure to high doses of radiation can damage cells and lead to health issues like cancer, but risks are low from everyday sources like medical x-rays. The document recommends limiting radiation exposure through reducing time spent near sources, increasing distance, and using shielding when possible.
Radioactive pollution is defined as the emission of radioactive substances into the environment from human activities like nuclear processes, weapons production, mining, and medical and power generation waste. Sources include natural cosmic and terrestrial radiation as well as man-made activities. Exposure to radiation can damage DNA and lead to health issues like cancer depending on the duration and level of exposure. Preventive measures include limiting nuclear tests and waste, careful disposal, and treatment methods to reduce radioactivity in the environment.
This document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use, natural and man-made sources of radiation, and different types of radiation including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Key topics covered include radiation exposure limits and regulations, detection of radiation, safe practices, and biological effects of radiation. The document recommends further radiation safety training and provides contact information for the university's radiation safety program.
This document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use, natural and man-made sources of radiation, and different types of radiation including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Key topics covered include radiation exposure limits and regulations, detection of radiation, safe practices, and biological effects of radiation. The document recommends further radiation safety training and provides contact information for the university's radiation safety program.
This document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use, natural and man-made sources of radiation, and common units used to measure radiation. Key points include that ionizing radiation can damage cells and lead to biological effects, and that exposure should be kept as low as reasonably achievable through principles such as time, distance, and shielding. The document also summarizes detection methods, biological effects of radiation, and where to find further radiation safety information and training.
The document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use and discovery of its effects. It describes natural and man-made background sources of radiation like terrestrial radiation, consumer products, medical procedures and more. The key types of radiation are defined including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Exposure limits and units used to measure radiation are explained. The biological effects of radiation are summarized.
The document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use and discovery of its effects. It describes natural and man-made background sources of radiation like terrestrial radiation, consumer products, medical procedures and more. The key types of radiation are defined including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Exposure limits and units used to measure radiation are explained. The biological effects of radiation are summarized.
Basic Radiation Safety Awareness Training
History of Radiation
Natural and Man-Made Background Sources of Radiation
Fundamentals
Exposure Limits & Regulations
Detection of Radiation
Safe Practices with Radiation
Biological Effects of Radiation
Where to Find Further Information
Learning more about radioactivity by AREVA - 2005 publicationAREVA
Radioactivity comes from unstable atomic nuclei that spontaneously emit radiation. Some elements like uranium and radium are naturally radioactive, while other radioisotopes have been artificially produced. Radioactivity is measured using units like becquerel (disintegrations per second), gray (energy absorbed), and sievert (biological effects on exposure). Proper shielding, distance, and limiting exposure time can help protect against radiation.
Radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation like x-rays and gamma rays can damage cells by ionizing them. Non-ionizing radiation like visible light and microwaves do not have enough energy to ionize atoms. The health effects of radiation depend on dose, exposure time, and radiation type. Proper safety protocols aim to keep radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable.
Nuclear pollution occurs when radioactive material is released into the environment through various human activities like nuclear power generation, weapons production, mining, and medical use. It can cause health issues ranging from mild skin irritation to cancer and death from exposure. The main sources of nuclear pollution are nuclear power plants, mining and milling of uranium ores, waste from nuclear weapons, and disposal of radioactive materials from medical and research facilities. Safety measures need to be strengthened to prevent nuclear pollution and reduce associated health risks. Moving away from nuclear power and toward more sustainable and renewable energy sources can also help address this issue over the long term.
This document outlines key principles of radiation safety, including definitions of common terms like exposure, absorbed dose, and dose equivalent. It describes different types of ionizing radiation like alpha, beta, and gamma rays and their properties. Background radiation sources are identified. Recommended dose limits for occupational and public exposures are provided. The ALARA principle of maintaining radiation exposures as low as reasonably achievable is introduced. Common radiation safety equipment and signage are depicted.
Spectroscopy involves analyzing the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. Different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are used to study different types of molecular motion and structure. UV-visible spectroscopy analyzes electronic transitions that occur when molecules absorb ultraviolet or visible light. The wavelength and intensity of absorbed light provides information about functional groups and molecular structure. Key concepts in UV-visible spectroscopy include chromophores, which are functional groups that absorb light in characteristic regions, and Beer's law, which states that absorbance is proportional to concentration.
PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RADIATION ABSORPTION 1.pptxDr Monica P
Radiobiology is the study of the action of Ionizing radiations on the living things.
The absorption of energy from the radiation in biologic material leads to either of the following two processes: EXCITATION, IONIZATION
Radioactive pollution occurs when radioactive material is released into the environment through human activities such as nuclear power generation, nuclear weapons production and testing, mining, and medical procedures. It can cause health risks like burns, cancer, and death from exposure to radiation. Sources of radioactive pollution include nuclear power plants, mining and processing of radioactive ores, production and testing of nuclear weapons, medical and industrial uses of radioactive materials, fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, and accidents involving nuclear equipment. Safety measures need to be enforced to minimize radioactive pollution and reduce health risks.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Lesson 4 Ionizing Radiation | The Harnessed Atom (2016)ORAU
The document provides information about different types of radiation, including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. It discusses radioactive decay and half-life. It also addresses natural and human-made sources of radiation exposure and averages about 6 mSv of annual exposure for Americans. Radiation can potentially cause cell damage but low levels are generally harmless due to body's ability to repair itself.
The document discusses nuclear hazards and radiation. It defines nuclear reactions like fusion and fission, and notes they can release energy. The main sources of nuclear radiation are natural sources like radon, and anthropogenic sources like nuclear power plants and accidents. Exposure to radiation above certain levels can cause health effects ranging from mild sickness to death. The Chernobyl disaster of 1986 in Ukraine resulted from a power surge and explosions, releasing radiation over Europe. It required large evacuations and has been linked to increased cancer rates. Shielding, distance and limiting exposure time can help control radioactive pollution risks.
Radiation can kill or change living cells. The biological effects of radiation depend on the type of radiation, the absorbing tissue, and the total absorbed energy. Different types of radiation have different effects on cells due to their varying abilities to ionize atoms. While natural background radiation exposes people to around 2 millisieverts per year, high doses from events like nuclear accidents or weapons can cause immediate illness and death due to damage to skin, blood, and other tissues. Long-term effects include increased cancer risk believed to be caused by radiation damaging DNA and altering cell reproduction.
This document provides an overview of radiation and its effects on the human body. It defines radiation as the process of emitting energy through waves or particles, and identifies ionizing radiation as radiation that can knock electrons out of atoms. The types of ionizing radiation are identified as alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, x-rays, and neutrons. Sources of radiation include naturally occurring materials, medical equipment, consumer products, and industrial uses. Exposure to radiation can damage cells and DNA, potentially leading to cell death or cancer development over time. Methods to control radiation exposure include minimizing time spent near sources, maximizing distance, and using shielding to block radiation.
This document provides an overview of radiation and its effects on the human body. It defines radiation as the emission of energy through waves or particles. Ionizing radiation like alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, x-rays and neutrons have sufficient energy to damage atoms and DNA. Sources include naturally occurring radioactive materials in the environment and man-made sources like nuclear reactors, medical equipment, and consumer products. Exposure to high doses of radiation can damage cells and lead to health issues like cancer, but risks are low from everyday sources like medical x-rays. The document recommends limiting radiation exposure through reducing time spent near sources, increasing distance, and using shielding when possible.
Radioactive pollution is defined as the emission of radioactive substances into the environment from human activities like nuclear processes, weapons production, mining, and medical and power generation waste. Sources include natural cosmic and terrestrial radiation as well as man-made activities. Exposure to radiation can damage DNA and lead to health issues like cancer depending on the duration and level of exposure. Preventive measures include limiting nuclear tests and waste, careful disposal, and treatment methods to reduce radioactivity in the environment.
This document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use, natural and man-made sources of radiation, and different types of radiation including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Key topics covered include radiation exposure limits and regulations, detection of radiation, safe practices, and biological effects of radiation. The document recommends further radiation safety training and provides contact information for the university's radiation safety program.
This document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use, natural and man-made sources of radiation, and different types of radiation including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Key topics covered include radiation exposure limits and regulations, detection of radiation, safe practices, and biological effects of radiation. The document recommends further radiation safety training and provides contact information for the university's radiation safety program.
This document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use, natural and man-made sources of radiation, and common units used to measure radiation. Key points include that ionizing radiation can damage cells and lead to biological effects, and that exposure should be kept as low as reasonably achievable through principles such as time, distance, and shielding. The document also summarizes detection methods, biological effects of radiation, and where to find further radiation safety information and training.
The document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use and discovery of its effects. It describes natural and man-made background sources of radiation like terrestrial radiation, consumer products, medical procedures and more. The key types of radiation are defined including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Exposure limits and units used to measure radiation are explained. The biological effects of radiation are summarized.
The document provides an overview of basic radiation safety. It discusses the history of radiation use and discovery of its effects. It describes natural and man-made background sources of radiation like terrestrial radiation, consumer products, medical procedures and more. The key types of radiation are defined including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Exposure limits and units used to measure radiation are explained. The biological effects of radiation are summarized.
Basic Radiation Safety Awareness Training
History of Radiation
Natural and Man-Made Background Sources of Radiation
Fundamentals
Exposure Limits & Regulations
Detection of Radiation
Safe Practices with Radiation
Biological Effects of Radiation
Where to Find Further Information
Learning more about radioactivity by AREVA - 2005 publicationAREVA
Radioactivity comes from unstable atomic nuclei that spontaneously emit radiation. Some elements like uranium and radium are naturally radioactive, while other radioisotopes have been artificially produced. Radioactivity is measured using units like becquerel (disintegrations per second), gray (energy absorbed), and sievert (biological effects on exposure). Proper shielding, distance, and limiting exposure time can help protect against radiation.
Radiation can be ionizing or non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation like x-rays and gamma rays can damage cells by ionizing them. Non-ionizing radiation like visible light and microwaves do not have enough energy to ionize atoms. The health effects of radiation depend on dose, exposure time, and radiation type. Proper safety protocols aim to keep radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable.
Nuclear pollution occurs when radioactive material is released into the environment through various human activities like nuclear power generation, weapons production, mining, and medical use. It can cause health issues ranging from mild skin irritation to cancer and death from exposure. The main sources of nuclear pollution are nuclear power plants, mining and milling of uranium ores, waste from nuclear weapons, and disposal of radioactive materials from medical and research facilities. Safety measures need to be strengthened to prevent nuclear pollution and reduce associated health risks. Moving away from nuclear power and toward more sustainable and renewable energy sources can also help address this issue over the long term.
This document outlines key principles of radiation safety, including definitions of common terms like exposure, absorbed dose, and dose equivalent. It describes different types of ionizing radiation like alpha, beta, and gamma rays and their properties. Background radiation sources are identified. Recommended dose limits for occupational and public exposures are provided. The ALARA principle of maintaining radiation exposures as low as reasonably achievable is introduced. Common radiation safety equipment and signage are depicted.
Spectroscopy involves analyzing the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. Different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are used to study different types of molecular motion and structure. UV-visible spectroscopy analyzes electronic transitions that occur when molecules absorb ultraviolet or visible light. The wavelength and intensity of absorbed light provides information about functional groups and molecular structure. Key concepts in UV-visible spectroscopy include chromophores, which are functional groups that absorb light in characteristic regions, and Beer's law, which states that absorbance is proportional to concentration.
PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RADIATION ABSORPTION 1.pptxDr Monica P
Radiobiology is the study of the action of Ionizing radiations on the living things.
The absorption of energy from the radiation in biologic material leads to either of the following two processes: EXCITATION, IONIZATION
Radioactive pollution occurs when radioactive material is released into the environment through human activities such as nuclear power generation, nuclear weapons production and testing, mining, and medical procedures. It can cause health risks like burns, cancer, and death from exposure to radiation. Sources of radioactive pollution include nuclear power plants, mining and processing of radioactive ores, production and testing of nuclear weapons, medical and industrial uses of radioactive materials, fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing, and accidents involving nuclear equipment. Safety measures need to be enforced to minimize radioactive pollution and reduce health risks.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
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Article: https://pecb.com/article
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Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
1. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
An Introduction To The
Health Effects of Radiation
A Small Dose of Radiation
2. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
The control of fire
for warmth and
cooking.
Ancient Awareness
3. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
• 1895 - Wilhem Conrad Roentgen discovered X-rays
and in 1901 he received the first Nobel Prize for
physics.
• 1903 - Marie Curie and Pierre Curie, along with
Henri Becquerel were awarded the Nobel Prize in
physics for their contributions to understanding
radioactivity, including the properties of uranium.
• 1942 - Enrico Fermi and others started the first
sustained nuclear chain reaction in a laboratory
beneath the University of Chicago football stadium.
• 1945 – Nuclear bombs dropped on Japan.
Historical Awareness
4. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Case Study - Sunburn
Solar radiation wavelength
Visible light – 400 to 760 nm
Ultraviolet radiation (UV) - >400 nm (sunburn)
Infrared radiation - <760 nm (heat)
UV radiation
Stimulates melanin (dark pigment) that absorbs
UV protecting cells
Health Effects
2 to 3 million non-malignant skin cancers
130,000 malignant melanomas
Sunburn – acute cell injury causing inflammatory
response (erythema)
Accelerates aging process
5. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Radium Girls
"Not to worry," their bosses told them. "If
you swallow any radium, it'll make your
cheeks rosy.“
The women at Radium Dial sometimes
painted their teeth and faces and then
turned off the lights for a laugh.
From: 'Radium Girls' By Martha Irvine,
Associated Press, Buffalo News, 1998
6. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Case Study - Radium
1898 – Discovered by Marie Curie
1900-1930 – Radium Therapy - used to treat
arthritis, stomach ailments and cancer
Accepted by American Medical Association
WWI – Use of radium on watch dials
1920s – U.S. Radium corporation employed
young women to paint watch dials
Late 1920s – Radium girls sue, win and
receive compensation
7. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Opium War of 1839-42
Great Britain has a monopoly on the sale of
opium which it forces on China. Eventually
getting control of Hong Kong.
Consider our societies current “wars on
drugs”.
Historical Events
8. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Life & Radiation
• All life is dependent on small
doses of electromagnetic
radiation.
• For example, photosynthesis and
vision use the suns radiation.
9. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Radiation
Nonionizing
Ultraviolet, visible, infrared, microwaves,
radio & TV, power transmission
Ionizing
Radiation capable for producing ions
when interacting with matter – x-rays,
alpha, beta, gamma, cosmic rays
10. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Electromagnetic Spectrum
10-14
10-12
10-10
10-8
10-6
10-4
10-2
1 102
104
106
108
Wavelength in Meters
1010
108
106
104
102
1 10-2
10-4
10-6
10-8
10-10
10-12
10-14
Broadcast
Short wave
TV
FM
Radar
Infrared
Near Far
Visible
Ultraviolet
X Rays
Gamma Rays
Cosmic Rays Power
Transmission
Ionizing Radiation Nonionizing Radiation
Energy - Electron Volts
High Low
11. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Nonionizing Radiation
Sources
• Ultraviolet light
• Visible light
• Infrared radiation
• Microwaves
• Radio & TV
• Power transmission
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Nonionizing Examples
• Ultraviolet – Black light – induce
fluorescence in some materials
• Vision – very small portion that animals
use to process visual information
• Heat – infrared – a little beyond the red
spectrum
• Radio waves – beyond infrared
• Micro waves
• Electrical power transmission – 60
cycles per second with a wave length of
1 to 2 million meters.
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Ultraviolet - Sources
• Sun light
• Most harmful UV is absorbed by the
atmosphere – depends on altitude
• Fluorescent lamps
• Electric arc welding
Can damage the eye (cornea)
• Germicidal lamps
• Eye damage from sun light
• Skin cancer
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Ultraviolet - Effects
• High ultraviolet – kills bacterial and other
infectious agents
• High dose causes - sun burn – increased
risk of skin cancer
• Pigmentation that results in suntan
• Suntan lotions contain chemicals that
absorb UV radiation
• Reaction in the skin to produce Vitamin D
that prevents rickets
• Strongly absorbed by air – thus the danger
of hole in the atmosphere
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Visible Energy
• Energy between 400 and 750 nm
• High energy – bright light produces of
number of adaptive responses
• Standards are set for the intensity of
light in the work place (measured in
candles or lumens)
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Infrared Radiation
• Energy between 750 nm to 0.3 cm
• The energy of heat – Heat is the transfer
of energy
• Can damage – cornea, iris, retina and
lens of the eye (glass workers – “glass
blower’s cataract”)
17. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Microwaves & Radio Waves
• Energy between 0.1 cm to 1 kilometer
• Varity of industrial and home uses for
heating and information transfer (radio,
TV, mobile phones)
• Produced by molecular vibration in
solid bodies or crystals
• Health effects – heating, cataracts
• Long-term effects being studied
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Electrical Power
• Standard in homes and businesses
• Highest level of exposure from electric-
power generation and distribution
system (high voltage power lines)
• Medical system – Magnetic imaging
• Acute health effects – shock
• Long-term health effects appear to be
few but may some data do suggest
adverse effects
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Ionizing Radiation
Ionization Defined
Radiation capable for producing ions
when interacting with matter – in other
words enough energy to remove an
electron from an atom.
Sources – x-rays, radioactive material
produce alpha, beta, and gamma
radiation, cosmic rays from the sun and
space.
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Ionizing Radiation
Paper Wood Concrete
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Energy
Low
Medium
High
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Radioactive Material
• Either natural or created in nuclear
reactor or accelerator
• Radioactive material is unstable and
emits energy in order to return to a more
stable state (particles or gamma-rays)
• Half-life – time for radioactive material to
decay by one-half
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Alpha Particles
• Two neutrons and two protons
• Charge of +2
• Emitted from nucleus of radioactive atoms
• Transfer energy in very short distances (10
cm in air)
• Shielded by paper or layer of skin
• Primary hazard from internal exposure
• Alpha emitters can accumulate in tissue
(bone, kidney, liver, lung, spleen) causing
local damage
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Beta Particles
• Small electrically charged particles
similar to electrons
• Charge of -1
• Ejected from nuclei of radioactive atoms
• Emitted with various kinetic energies
• Shielded by wood, body penetration 0.2
to 1.3 cm depending on energy
• Can cause skin burns or be an internal
hazard of ingested
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Gamma-rays
• Electromagnetic photons or radiation
(identical to x-rays except for source)
• Emitted from nucleus of radioactive
atoms – spontaneous emission
• Emitted with kinetic energy related to
radioactive source
• Highly penetrating – extensive shielding
required
• Serious external radiation hazard
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
X-rays
• Overlap with gamma-rays
• Electromagnetic photons or radiation
• Produced from orbiting electrons or free
electrons – usually machine produced
• Produced when electrons strike a target
material inside and x-ray tube
• Emitted with various energies & wavelengths
• Highly penetrating – extensive shielding
required
• External radiation hazard
• Discovered in 1895 by Roentgen
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Ionizing Radiation Health Effects
We evolved with a certain level of
naturally occurring ionizing
radiation from cosmic radiation,
radioactive materials in the earth.
We have mechanisms to repair
damage.
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Radiation Units
Exposure – X (coul/kg)
(Related to energy)
Absorbed Dose – Gray (Gy)
(amount of energy absorbed)
Equivalent Dose – Sievert (Sv)
(makes different sources of radiation
equivalent)
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Standards
US National Council on Radiation
Protection (NCRP)
International Council on Radiation
Protection (ICRP)
Occupational Exposure Guidelines
100 mSv over 5 years (average 20 mSv/year)
with a maximum of 50 mSv in any one
year
General public – back ground about 3
mSv/year – Guideline 1 mSv/year
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Dose Response Tissue
Examples of tissue Sensitivity
Very High White blood cells (bone marrow)
Intestinal epithelium
Reproductive cells
High Optic lens epithelium
Esophageal epithelium
Mucous membranes
Medium Brain – Glial cells
Lung, kidney, liver, thyroid,
pancreatic epithelium
Low Mature red blood cells
Muscle cells
Mature bone and cartilage
30. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Dose Response Issues
Dose
(Sv)
Effects / organ Time to
death
Death
(%)
1-2 Bone marrow Months 0-10
2-10 Bone marrow Weeks 0-90
10-15
Diarrhea,
fever
2
weeks
90-
100
>50 Neurological 1- 4 hrs 100
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
• Rate of decay of radioisotope
• How long it takes to lose half
their strength
• Can range from very short to
billions of years
• Carbon – 5730 years, which
makes it valuable for dating
Half-life
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Time
Reduce the spent near the source of radiation.
Distance
Increase the distance from the source of radiation.
Shielding
Place shielding material between you and the
source of radiation.
Reducing Exposure
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
• Occupational exposure quidlines are 100 mSv in 5
years (average, 20 mSv per year) with a limit of 50
mSv in any single year.
• General public the standard is 1 mSv per year.
(Natural background radiation is approximately 3 mSv/year.)
Recommended exposure limits are set by the US
National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP)
and world wide by International Council on
Radiation Protection (ICRP).
Regulatory Status
34. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
A Small Dose of ™ Radiation
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
Additional Information
• National Council on Radiation
Protection and Measurements –
http://www.ncrp.com/
• US EPA (Information about ionizing radiation
and contamination) –
http://www.epa.gov/radiation/
• University of Michigan - Radiation &
Health Physics –
http://www.umich.edu/~radinfo/
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A Small Dose of Toxicology
US EPA
• What Is Your Annual Radiation
Dose? – Calculate your dose
• http://www.epa.gov/radiation/unde
rstand/calculate.html
Calculate Your Annual Dose
37. A Small Dose of Radiation – 11/08/10
A Small Dose of Toxicology
Authorship Information
For Additional Information Contact
Steven G. Gilbert, PhD, DABT
E-mail: sgilbert@innd.org
Web: www.asmalldoseof.org
This presentation is supplement to
“A Small Dose of Toxicology”