CNRS is a major player in quantum technologies in France and Europe. It has over 100 labs and 1200 researchers working in quantum computing, simulation, sensing, and communication. CNRS sees quantum computing as strategically important and is working on both hardware and software approaches. Hardware efforts include spin qubits in silicon and superconducting qubits. Software focuses on algorithms for machine learning, cryptography, and programming tools. Challenges for the future include scaling up quantum processors to thousands of qubits, developing error correction, and integrating classical and quantum interfaces.

1. ORGANIZED BY
The Quantum Revolution
JUNE 20TH
2019
President and CEO, CNRS, France
Antoine PETIT

2. 1. QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES AT CNRS
2. QUANTUM COMPUTING
ANTOINE PETIT
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
JUNE 20, 2019 WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE
INTRODUCTION TO THE FUTURE OF QUANTUM COMPUTING

3. WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019 P 3
1 QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES

4. CNRS FORCES
PLURIDISCIPLINARITY AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL
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QT labs, showing transverse approaches, spread over all French territory
• Transverse approach : from fundamental science to engineering
6 complementary subject areas and CNRS Institutes
• Strong partnership with important French players: IDEXs
Uni. Paris Saclay, Uni. Grenoble Alpes, Uni. Côte d’Azur, CEA, INRIA, etc.
• State-of-the-art technological platforms in nanoscience : RENATECH
Nano-photonics-electronics, superconducting circuits, spintronics, etc.
• National scale structuration
GDR Quantum Engineering, from Fundamentals to Applications - IQFA
https://gdriqfa.cnrs.fr
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Key Numbers
100 laboratoriess
120 research teams
1400 m.m per year
50 M€ of inputs per year
Within the 4 QT pillars
Several spin-offs
The Institutes
Physics – INP
Mathematics – INSMI
Systems & Engineering – INSIS
Computer Science – INS2I
Chemistry – INC
Universe – INSU
WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019

5. CNRS FORCES
A MAJOR PLAYER WITHIN THE EUROPEAN QUANTUM FLAGSHIP
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→ Excellent research teams
→ Showing complementarity, competitiveness, & high technological potential
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Key Numbers
CNRS involved in
- 1/3 of the submitted projects
- 13/19 of the selected projects (68%)
Success rate : 24%
13 CNRS labs contribute to the 19 projects selected by the EU in October 2018 within the QFlag
WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019

6. CNRS IS INVOLVED IN ALL QUANTUM TECHNOLOGY PILLARS
1
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• Cold atoms for geoscience
• Spins in diamond for magnetometry
• Photonic metrology for optical material qualification
• Cold atoms trapped in optical lattices
• Photons in structured materials and waveguides
Quantum Sensing & Metrology
Quantum Simulation
• Real-field quantum networks, based on fibers and/or satellites
• Discrete, continuous, and hybrid variables
• Single and twin-photon source, quantum memories and repeaters, detectors
Quantum Communication & Cryptography
WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019

7. 2 QUANTUM COMPUTING
Software & Hardware
P 7WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019

8. • Go beyond the limitations of classical computing
• Massively parallel processing (entangled qubits registers ↦ #operations = exp(#qubits)
• Open up new application areas : chemistry, material science, optimization
• Success lies in the joint development of dedicated hardware and software
• Find repercussion in financial markets, big data, large industries, army, and State in general…
• Quantum computing is a multi-facetted technology, and of strategical importance
QUANTUM COMPUTING
INS & OUTS2
P 8WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019

9. QUANTUM COMPUTING
AN EXAMPLE OF ADVANCED APPLICATION
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P 9
• Planning & cohesion of the territories
• Multi-scalar flux optimization (transport of individuals and energy, etc.) within established
networks of human beings, such as Metropoles (intra & inter)
• Increased meshing of service access (transport network, internet & information capabilities,
etc.)
➢ Impact on transport networks (flux & access), energy (distribution & access), communication,
& diffusion (technologies, education, culture)
Of strategical importance for the Ministry for the Cohesion of the Territories
WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019

10. QUANTUM COMPUTING
VISION ON THE NEEDS / TIMESCALE
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• 0 – 5 years
• Protected logical qubits using error corrections or topologically
• New quantum algorithms (predictive, error correction)
• Influence of algorithms on hardware architectures (2D, 3D) and conversely
• 5 – 10 years
• Middle-size Q processors solving problems in Q chemistry (novel molecules),
Material Science (high-Tc supra), and Machine Learning
• Optimization of data flux (energy, individuals, smart grids, transport, etc.)
• > 10 years
• Integration of large-scale Q processors, including control systems
• Quantum/classical advantage for complex mathematical problems (factorization)
• Hardware/Software/Error Correction joint optimization (fault-tolerant)
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50 – 100 qubits
100 – 1000 qubits
> 1000 qubits
WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019

11. QUANTUM COMPUTING
CNRS APPROACHES TO HARDWARE
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• Spin qubits in Silicon
CNRS/CEA/UGA ‘joint team’ with ERC Synergy grant
• Superconducting qubits
• Photonic solutions : single photons and frequency combs
• …
WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019
CNRS APPROACHES TO SOFTWARE
• Quantum algorithms for machine learning optimization
• Cryptanalysis & Q communication protocols
• Quantomatic-based programming
• Nonlocality- and measurement-based cloud quantum computing
• …

12. QUANTUM COMPUTING
INTEGRATION CHALLENGES
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• How to scale up ?
• Ability to manipulate from several to hundreds (already a challenge), even thousands of logical qubits
• Integrate auxiliary qubits for error correction
• Future architectures with error correcting codes
• Software-to-Hardware influence ↦ substantial reduction of the necessary auxiliary qubits
• Control and read-out systems of the Quantum registers
• Identify suitable interfaces
• Classical ↔︎ Quantum
• Between the qubit carriers (spins, photons, superconducting, etc.)
• End-user ↔︎ Machine
• Solutions compatible with industrialization
• Large scale design and fabrication quality
• Political importance : national sovereignty, resource sustainability, energy consumption, etc.
WORKSHOP QUANTUM COMPUTING, BPI FRANCE, JUNE 20, 2019

13. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION