Quantitative/Mixed-Methods
American InterContinental University
March 27, 2018
Running head: QUANTITATIVE/MIXED-METHODS
1
QUANTITATIVE/MIXED-METHODS
2
Quantitative/Mixed-Methods
Abstract
Case studies which are done in the field of medicine work towards improving the health of the population. There are some of the parts contained in case studies which are abstract, results, limitations of results, conclusions, and applications. The common statistical methods used in research are descriptive numerical and qualitative thematic analyses. The results of the studies show that equal participation of individuals in the health sector will help boost public health. Limitations of results are that although some strategies may work towards improving health sector, not all of them are effective.
Public health is an important sector in any country for it directly affects the economy of the nation. There need to be certain ways which should be employed with the aim of supporting and improving public health. In this paper, I am going to examine 4 contemporary peer-reviewed articles which employ quantitative or mixed-methods concerning ways on how to improve the health of the public. The interest of the paper is to aid in achieving the best impact in public health sector via using programs which will improve health outcomes drastically. Enhancement of public health will in return help to improve the well-being of populations across the world. Public health awareness on how to avoid unhealthy lifestyles should be created.
In the articles, samples and populations used were appropriate for it showed the real representative of the population at hand. All the samples used in the 4-contemporary peer-reviewed articles fulfilled the rule of thumb hence making them appropriate. The samples used were suitable for they were used to estimate the population parameters for it stood for the entire inhabitants. The samples used were larger but not too large to consume more resources of money and time. The larger sample has helped to produce accurate results making the samples valid and appropriate. The appropriateness of the samples used in these articles, it has been proved via usage of target variance. In using target variance an estimate to be derived from the model eventually attained.
Each article which has been used includes having results, limitations of results, conclusions, and applications. The first contemporary peer-reviewed article is entitled, Refugee women’s involvements of maternity-care facilities in Canada: a methodical review using a description synthesis written by Gina MA Higginbottom, Myfanwy Morgan, Miranda Alexandre, Yvonne Chiu, Joan Forgeron, Deb Kocay and Rubina Barolia. The article was published 11 February 2015. The results show that there needs to have a healthier understanding of the aspects that produce discrepancies in availability, adequacy, and outcomes during parenthood care (Higginbottom, Morgan, Alexandre, Chiu, Forg ...
Project Management
Yaumara Cano
Kaplan University
1
introduction
Clinical studies are purposed to help physicians and other interested parties to make health improvements on how issues are handles.
The United States currently faces a large number of health issues.
Obesity is among the common health issues that the country is facing, which requires intervention.
The country is currently the leading place with the largest number of people with this condition (Booth, Charlton, & Gulliford, 2016).
Obesity has been an issues of concern to many in the United States, mainly because the country is the leading nation in the world with the largest population of obese individuals.
The need to implement effectiveness and ensure that people regain their health is essential for the health industry of the country.
This presentation aims to present a research study on this issue and it provide recommendation of effective intervention measures that should be taken to address the issue.
2
Over view of the study
Obesity is currently affecting more than 37.9 percent of all the adults in the United States.
Annually, the government spends about 147 million dollars to address issues related to obesity only.
With this issue being extremely important, the study aims to obtain more information about the issue in the country.
The study then aims to use the findings that will be obtained to make recommendations of appropriate intervention strategies.
Statistical evidence clarify that obesity is a significant problem in the United States. Through this condition, more than 37.9 percent of the United States feel adverse negative effects, and are considered less healthy compared to other people.
This study has its main purpose being to make sure that effective strategies have been developed through which the issue will become less significant in terms of effect and money.
3
Clinical question definition (PICOT)
PICOT is a research explanation model which stands for people/population, intervention, comparison, outcome and time.
The population that is aimed to benefit from this study is both the young, the youths and the old who can obtain the condition of obesity (Mehta, Elo, Aromaa, & Koskinen, 2017).
The study facts and results are however based on data collected from people between the age of 20 and 30 years
The population under focus on this study is thus youths of between 20 and 30 years of age. This sample population was mainly chosen because it constitutes of the largest population of obese people in the country.
The study however aims at making sure that the identified research study respondents are randomly obtained from different areas and people living in different life styles.
4
Clinical question definition (PICOT)
Intervention that is intended for the patients is to provide recommendation that will help these patients manage to have their lives improved and recovering from the condition.
The study also aims to reduce the rate of pe.
Low Functional health literacy is a problem affecting 90 million residents of the United States. Among the 90 million, 36% are adults who have “below basic” health literacy skills. Assessing health literacy is important in improving health behaviors, health outcomes, and perceived communication barriers related to health. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act enacted in 2010 brought about changes that demand a more coordinated approach to manage health care services. This research focused on the efforts being made to promote health literacy at Medicaid health homes such as Greater Buffalo United Accountable Healthcare Network (GBUAHN). This research consisted of observation of Patient Health Navigator interactions with patients in order to identify best practices of health literacy initiatives within GBUAHN. Results suggest best practices include promoting and establishing relationship to effectively enhance patients understanding of all their healthcare needs. This study suggests that GBUAHN should continue making use of recommendations related health literacy promotion while exploring areas of improvement as noted on scorecard. Patient Health Navigators are engaging patient in manner that will establish adherence within patients.
April 24, 2012Choosing Pills over Bills Use of Dietary Supple.docxjewisonantone
April 24, 2012
Choosing Pills over Bills: Use of Dietary Supplements to Avoid Health Care Costs
Introduction
Over the past few decades, nutritional supplements have come into prominence as a widely accepted method to improve one’s health. Currently, a wide variety of supplements exist in an equally wide variety of forms and they are available to general public at relatively affordable prices. Collectively, supplements offer the chance to augment one’s diet and move towards complete nutrition, which is a critical feature of overall health. Although supplement usage appears to be a simple concept, it is, in fact, complex with multiple underlying dynamics including conflicting scientific research findings, differing insights from professionals, diverse consumer opinions, and underlying economic considerations. A particular factor existing in this spectrum is the possibility of supplement usage to replace the use of health care.
There has been a substantial amount of research conducted in regards to nutritional supplements. Overwhelmingly, published research regarding dietary supplements fall under distinct and recurring categories. These domains include: benefits of supplement use, dangers of supplement use, supplement use in the hospital or clinical settings, trends in supplement use, and consumer motivations for supplement use. As a whole, supplement research is extensive but not complete. Specifically, no research thus far has focused on the usage motivation question: do supplement consumers choose supplements to avoid the high costs of health care?
Research was conducted to answer the question above. Additional aspects of the research study were constructed to re-evaluate some statistics and confirmed motivations from previous research in order to secure this study in the context of existing literature. Supplementary results on related variables were also collected to determine if they were correlated to results of the primary research question. Research was conducted via a ten question survey on health supplement usage motivations and an interview with a certified sports nutritionist, Neena Mathur. The survey, the primary research method, was distributed to thirty pharmacy customers of Dick’s Pharmacy in Altoona, PA and to thirty biology students attending Penn State University, University Park campus. Pharmacy customers were selected as random clients of the pharmacy. Biology student were chosen from one section each of Biology 129 and Biology 473. The interview was conducted via electronic correspondence due to geographic distance from the interviewee. All findings were analyzed to answer the research question and its related factors.
Literature Review
In order to conduct my specific research to determine if supplement consumers choose supplement in order to avoid the high costs of health care, it was first necessary to explore the relevant existing information on supplements. This specific information consisted of scholarly literat.
Project Management
Yaumara Cano
Kaplan University
1
introduction
Clinical studies are purposed to help physicians and other interested parties to make health improvements on how issues are handles.
The United States currently faces a large number of health issues.
Obesity is among the common health issues that the country is facing, which requires intervention.
The country is currently the leading place with the largest number of people with this condition (Booth, Charlton, & Gulliford, 2016).
Obesity has been an issues of concern to many in the United States, mainly because the country is the leading nation in the world with the largest population of obese individuals.
The need to implement effectiveness and ensure that people regain their health is essential for the health industry of the country.
This presentation aims to present a research study on this issue and it provide recommendation of effective intervention measures that should be taken to address the issue.
2
Over view of the study
Obesity is currently affecting more than 37.9 percent of all the adults in the United States.
Annually, the government spends about 147 million dollars to address issues related to obesity only.
With this issue being extremely important, the study aims to obtain more information about the issue in the country.
The study then aims to use the findings that will be obtained to make recommendations of appropriate intervention strategies.
Statistical evidence clarify that obesity is a significant problem in the United States. Through this condition, more than 37.9 percent of the United States feel adverse negative effects, and are considered less healthy compared to other people.
This study has its main purpose being to make sure that effective strategies have been developed through which the issue will become less significant in terms of effect and money.
3
Clinical question definition (PICOT)
PICOT is a research explanation model which stands for people/population, intervention, comparison, outcome and time.
The population that is aimed to benefit from this study is both the young, the youths and the old who can obtain the condition of obesity (Mehta, Elo, Aromaa, & Koskinen, 2017).
The study facts and results are however based on data collected from people between the age of 20 and 30 years
The population under focus on this study is thus youths of between 20 and 30 years of age. This sample population was mainly chosen because it constitutes of the largest population of obese people in the country.
The study however aims at making sure that the identified research study respondents are randomly obtained from different areas and people living in different life styles.
4
Clinical question definition (PICOT)
Intervention that is intended for the patients is to provide recommendation that will help these patients manage to have their lives improved and recovering from the condition.
The study also aims to reduce the rate of pe.
Low Functional health literacy is a problem affecting 90 million residents of the United States. Among the 90 million, 36% are adults who have “below basic” health literacy skills. Assessing health literacy is important in improving health behaviors, health outcomes, and perceived communication barriers related to health. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act enacted in 2010 brought about changes that demand a more coordinated approach to manage health care services. This research focused on the efforts being made to promote health literacy at Medicaid health homes such as Greater Buffalo United Accountable Healthcare Network (GBUAHN). This research consisted of observation of Patient Health Navigator interactions with patients in order to identify best practices of health literacy initiatives within GBUAHN. Results suggest best practices include promoting and establishing relationship to effectively enhance patients understanding of all their healthcare needs. This study suggests that GBUAHN should continue making use of recommendations related health literacy promotion while exploring areas of improvement as noted on scorecard. Patient Health Navigators are engaging patient in manner that will establish adherence within patients.
April 24, 2012Choosing Pills over Bills Use of Dietary Supple.docxjewisonantone
April 24, 2012
Choosing Pills over Bills: Use of Dietary Supplements to Avoid Health Care Costs
Introduction
Over the past few decades, nutritional supplements have come into prominence as a widely accepted method to improve one’s health. Currently, a wide variety of supplements exist in an equally wide variety of forms and they are available to general public at relatively affordable prices. Collectively, supplements offer the chance to augment one’s diet and move towards complete nutrition, which is a critical feature of overall health. Although supplement usage appears to be a simple concept, it is, in fact, complex with multiple underlying dynamics including conflicting scientific research findings, differing insights from professionals, diverse consumer opinions, and underlying economic considerations. A particular factor existing in this spectrum is the possibility of supplement usage to replace the use of health care.
There has been a substantial amount of research conducted in regards to nutritional supplements. Overwhelmingly, published research regarding dietary supplements fall under distinct and recurring categories. These domains include: benefits of supplement use, dangers of supplement use, supplement use in the hospital or clinical settings, trends in supplement use, and consumer motivations for supplement use. As a whole, supplement research is extensive but not complete. Specifically, no research thus far has focused on the usage motivation question: do supplement consumers choose supplements to avoid the high costs of health care?
Research was conducted to answer the question above. Additional aspects of the research study were constructed to re-evaluate some statistics and confirmed motivations from previous research in order to secure this study in the context of existing literature. Supplementary results on related variables were also collected to determine if they were correlated to results of the primary research question. Research was conducted via a ten question survey on health supplement usage motivations and an interview with a certified sports nutritionist, Neena Mathur. The survey, the primary research method, was distributed to thirty pharmacy customers of Dick’s Pharmacy in Altoona, PA and to thirty biology students attending Penn State University, University Park campus. Pharmacy customers were selected as random clients of the pharmacy. Biology student were chosen from one section each of Biology 129 and Biology 473. The interview was conducted via electronic correspondence due to geographic distance from the interviewee. All findings were analyzed to answer the research question and its related factors.
Literature Review
In order to conduct my specific research to determine if supplement consumers choose supplement in order to avoid the high costs of health care, it was first necessary to explore the relevant existing information on supplements. This specific information consisted of scholarly literat.
Integrative Health Care Shift Benefits and Challenges among Health Care Profe...ijtsrd
Nurses play an important role in supporting patients with any illness who often seek information regarding alternative therapy. Within their scope of practice, it is expected that nurses have sufficient knowledge about the safety and effective use of alternative therapies, and positive attitudes toward supporting patients who wish to use such therapies. An alternative therapy refers to the health treatments which go along with the medical care, and it is based on natural and traditional methods. It includes natural therapies, herbal medicines yoga, aromatherapy, batch flower medicines, spiritual therapies etc. They offer people the chance to try therapies outside of their standard medical care. These treatment methods are totally different from allopathic medical practices. An evaluative approach with one group pre test, post test design was used for this study. The study was conducted in selected rural areas of Tamilnadu. The samples comprised of 600 health professionals. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the samples. Data was collected using structured knowledge questionnaire before and after administering the structured health education program. The study proved their knowledge improved remarkably after administering the education. The findings of the study support the need for providing information to improve the knowledge of the health professionals regarding complementary therapies in the perspectives of integrating health care shift towards alternative therapies. So the findings have also proved that the information booklet was effective in terms of gain in knowledge scores. Dr. Pushpamala Ramaiah | Dr. Sahar Mohammed Aly | Dr. Afnan Abdulltif Albokhary ""Integrative Health Care Shift- Benefits and Challenges among Health Care Professionals"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30044.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/30044/integrative-health-care-shift--benefits-and-challenges-among-health-care-professionals/dr-pushpamala-ramaiah
Problems Facing International Students with Health Insurance Companies
in the USA Healthcare System
Zakiah Aljashei
ID# 643632
March 5, 2018
CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY
Reviewer: lr-hayes
Running head: INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS HEALTH INSURANCE 1
PROBLEM FACING INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS WITH HEALTH INSURANCE
17
INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS HEALTH INSURANCE
This synthesis paper is in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the
MSA 698 Directed Administrative Portfolio
Executive summary
The purpose of this research is to solve the problems international students have with health insurance or healthcare in the United States. This portfolio is comprised of four separate papers that examined all of the various strategies and approaches that can be adopted by foreign students to select an appropriate health insurance policy. The paper covers all of these approaches in great detail, also providing (a) recommendations and strategic planning techniques, which should be adopted by the students in order to assess the value of the health insurance policy they are planning to purchase (MSA 603), (b) the ways different ethnic groups perceive health insurance or quality healthcare, while evaluating and hypothesizing the way cultural variables interact in shaping the individual’s perception within an organization and society (MSA604), (c) strategies for effective communication most important in helping patients and doctors communicate (MSA601), and (d) the evaluation model in financial performance in healthcare or in hospitals (MSA602). In each of the papers, the researchers used strategic planning projects to help improve the operations and services offered by health insurance and healthcare systems. Regardless of the conclusions found through this research, more follow-up studies should be conducted that consider the continued development and corresponding effectiveness.
INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS HEALTH INSURANCE 4
Table of Contents
Executive summary 2
The Framework of Strategic Planning 5
Summary of the Portfolio Contents 7
MSA 603: Strategic Planning for the Administrator 7
MSA 601: Organizational Dynamics 8
MSA 604: Administration, Globalization and Multiculturalism 9
MSA 602: Financial Analysis, Planning, and Control 10
Key Recommendations from the Research 11
Recommendation: Key Takeaways and Lessons Learned from MSA 603 11
Recommendation: Key Takeaways and Lessons Learned from MSA 601 12
Recommendation: Key Takeaways and Lessons Learned from MSA 604 12
Recommendation: Key Takeaways and Lessons Learned from MSA 602 12
Conclusion 13
References 16
Problems Facing International Students with Health Insurance Companies
in the USA Healthcare System
Health insurance and healthcare are significant to international students in the United States. International students should receive health insurance when they come to the U.S., because without the benefits that health insurance provides, outstanding medical bills can lead to financial.
Patients' satisfaction towards doctors treatmentmustafa farooqi
The mood of the care recipient to see if the impression (expectations) of service are met by the patient may be defined as patient satisfaction. The current perspective on service efficiency tends to be that patient treatment meets public standards and requirements in terms of interpersonal support as well as professional assistance. (Hardy et al. 1996). For various reasons, customer satisfactions in the healthcare industry have been investigated. First it was important to decide on the extent and the degree to which patient care seekers, the meeting of drugs criteria and the continuous use of these services have effect, satisfaction as a quality of service metric, as well as allowing doctors and health services to better appreciate and use the input of the patient. (Ong et al. 2000). Consumer satisfaction with healthcare services is a multi-panel term that refers to the core facets of treatment and suppliers, while PS medical services with the quality enhancement systems from the patient context, full control of quality and the intended outcomes of services are considered to be of primary importance (Janicijevic et al. 2013). The Pakistani health system is being changed somewhat and there are wonderful scope for applying standard of services to health care. Patients in Pakistan now have access to increased quality health care. Obviously, the staff and staff are the most important winners of a successful health care environment of every community sector framework (Bakari et al. 2019). The medical clinic of today's study is the product of a long and complicated war of civilization to quantify produce and study and to give thought to the thoughtful (Fullman et al. 2017).
Patients' satisfaction towards doctors treatmentmustafa farooqi
The mood of the care recipient to see if the impression (expectations) of service are met by the patient may be defined as patient satisfaction. The current perspective on service efficiency tends to be that patient treatment meets public standards and requirements in terms of interpersonal support as well as professional assistance. (Hardy et al. 1996).
For various reasons, customer satisfactions in the healthcare industry have been investigated. First it was important to decide on the extent and the degree to which patient care seekers, the meeting of drugs criteria and the continuous use of these services have effect, satisfaction as a quality of service metric, as well as allowing doctors and health services to better appreciate and use the input of the patient. (Ong et al. 2000).
Consumer satisfaction with healthcare services is a multi-panel term that refers to the core facets of treatment and suppliers, while PS medical services with the quality enhancement systems from the patient context, full control of quality and the intended outcomes of services are considered to be of primary importance (Janicijevic et al. 2013).
The Pakistani health system is being changed somewhat and there are wonderful scope for applying standard of services to health care. Patients in Pakistan now have access to increased quality health care. Obviously, the staff and staff are the most important winners of a successful health care environment of every community sector framework (Bakari et al. 2019).
The medical clinic of today's study is the product of a long and complicated war of civilization to quantify produce and study and to give thought to the thoughtful (Fullman et al. 2017).
Running head PLANNING STAGE 2-(DESIGN PHASE) OF A RESEARCH PROJEC.docxjeanettehully
Running head: PLANNING STAGE 2-(DESIGN PHASE) OF A RESEARCH PROJECT 1
PLANNING STAGE 2- (DESIGN PHASE) OF A RESEARCH PROJECT 8
Planning Stage 2- (Design Phase) of a Research Project
Student name
Florida National University
Planning Stage 2- (Design Phase) of a Research Project
Heart failure is one of the most common types of chronic conditions among the elderly, which results into increased readmissions globally. This statistic is attributable to poor coordination and communication in the transition care settings. The various care settings include skilled nursing facilities, acute-care hospitals, long-standing care facilities and ambulatory stay (Naylor et al., 2017). This research paper is aimed at investigating the reason for poor continuity of care in transition care facilities. A detailed literature review was performed regarding the standard of care in such settings for patients with heart failure. The research methodologies used include case study methods, interviews, and administration of questionnaires. Probability and non-probability methods including stratified sampling and convenience sampling were used as the sampling methodologies. The necessary tools for data collection include questionnaires, interviews, schedules and observation techniques. In addition, an algorithm was created during this design phase. Thus, an insight into the design phase is sought and discussed herein.
Literature Review
Heart failure is a prolonged condition that has been highlighted as one of the top causes of public health complications in the world. The American Journal of Accountable care provides detailed information on heart failure as a public health problem. According to this journal, there are numerous causes of readmission of patients undergoing the transition care model (A Literature Review of Heart Failure Transitional Care Interventions, 2019). The journal highlights various issues, such as early discharge, poor management of underlying problems, poor coordination among key stakeholders and early discharge of patients as the major causes of readmission. All such issues can, however, be prevented and thus this research will discuss some of the coping methods. In addition, the US medical beneficiaries discuss the quality and safety in the transition care model (Teno et al. , 2018). Some of the beneficiaries state their experiences following being admitted into the transition care model. This article complements the previous article by adding real life case study analysis of patients who have been previously admitted to the transition care. Further, interviews of clinicians working in the transition care model are highlighted with an explanation of failure to conduct follow up visits of particular patients.
The American Journal of Public Health explores the affordability of the transition care and the quality of care that some patients can be able to afford. The article has explored the ...
Evidence-Based Practices & Nursing
Introduction
Normally, PICOT format is helpful in formulation of questions in an evidenced based clinical practice. PICOT generated questions generally fall under for main categories of clinical practices. These include; therapy, prevention, diagnosis, etiology as well as Prognosis. The essential elements in PICOT questions. The PICOT format is valuable in addressing research questions comprehensively. Five elements are normally addressed including; population, intervention, comparison, outcome and time as well (Riva, Malik, Burnie, Endicott, & Busse, 2012).
Summary of Case Study
The ever increasingly high incidence of breast cancer conditions has posed serious challenges in the nursing profession. Provision of appropriate healthcare to the cancer patients has been lacking leading to adverse effects of the proliferation of cancerous cells which further worsen the conditions of the patients. As primary care, clinicians have the responsibility to stressing providing healthcare services within healthcare facilities as well as monitoring treatment in home based facilities to help manage cancer condition. Most cancer patient need clinicians who practice evidence-based clinical practices (Riva, Malik, Burnie, Endicott, & Busse, 2012).
Research Question
In cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, will they have better white blood cell count monitoring with a follow-up at home versus follow-up at a health care facility during their treatment?
PICOT Format
1) P-Population: Patients aged 18-60 years-old, breast cancer who have not received chemotherapy in the past six months are subjected to the treatment. Patients with other serious health conditions such as heart diseases were excluded in the study. 30 patients, with 15patients stationed at the healthcare facility while the other 15 patients receiving home-based care, are expected to take part in the study.
2) I -Intervention: The patients will receive dosage based on the age, sex and health general body health as well as the stage of cancer cells proliferation in the body. The patients are required take the prescribed drugs at regular intervals. The subjects will be subjected to treatment under the same during the research study.
3) C-Comparison: All the subject regardless of variations in their level of dose requirement will be subjected to the same treatment for the same duration, 3months. Standardized treatment will be given to subjects with no extreme variations in their level of dose requirement and would be used as an active control group. Using this strategy, it will be possible to minimize the non-specific effects due to a group of the patient receiving treatment within the healthcare.
4) O-Outcome: The response in chemotherapy treatments will be check by examining the numbers of defective cancerous cells in the body tissues. The patients will report to the theatre in order to be examined by an oncologist. The results will be recorded i ...
Running head SEARCHING AND CRITIQUING THE EVIDENCE1SEARCHING .docxtoltonkendal
Running head: SEARCHING AND CRITIQUING THE EVIDENCE 1
SEARCHING AND CRITIQUING THE EVIDENCE 4
Searching and Critiquing the Evidence
Student’s Name
Institution
Date
Searching and Critiquing the Evidence
There are various research studies that have been done on the outcome of self-care on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. In most of the studies, the most prevalent results are that self-care is an effective method of improving the health and lifestyle outcomes of Type 2 Diabetes patients. Krishna and Boren (2008) conducted a systematic review of evidence-based studies done between 1996 and 2007. The study analyzed 18 researches done within the selected time period and found that using phone calls and text messages to assist diabetes patients could improve the self-management outcomes. Shrivastava et al. (2013) analyzed the effectiveness of self-management for the diabetes mellitus patients. The study found that self-care helps to reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality among diabetes patients.
In addition, Steinsbekk et al. (2013) conducted a meta-analysis comparing the differences between the outcomes of group based self-management education and routine treatment for Type 2 diabetes patients. The study analyzed 21 studies that included studied on 2833 participants. The results of the meta-analysis showed that group-based self-management education helped to improve the psychosocial, clinical, and lifestyle outcomes among the diabetes patients. Lastly, Tang et al. (2008) examined the impact of social support and quality of life on the self-care behaviors of African American Type 2 diabetes patients. The study followed an observational design with 89 African-American adults, who were aged 40 and above. The study found that social support is vital for self-management to be effective in diabetes treatment.
The selected studies have helped to strengthen the merit of my selected theoretical framework. The theory selected for the study was Dorothea Orem’s Self Care Theory. These studies have helped to demonstrate some important evidence-based facts about the effectiveness of self-care for diabetes patients hence helping to prove the credibility of the theory. The scrutiny of these studies has helped to discover the degree of effectiveness of this theory and the best application methods that can make it an effective approach to improving the outcomes of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Levels of Evidence in the Articles
The classification of the level of evidence of a given research is important in evidence-based studies because they help to show how accurate, credible, or reliable a research is (Gray, Grove & Sutherland, 2017). The most prevalent evidence in the research articles analyzed is Level II evidence. Level II evidence is one that is obtained from at least one randomized control trial (Moran, Burson & Conrad, 2017). The articles by Krishna and Boren (2008) and Steinsbekk et al. (2013) conducted meta-analyses of various rese ...
Influence of medicare formulary restrictions on evidence based prescribing pr...TÀI LIỆU NGÀNH MAY
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Observational Study DesignsA clinical pediatric nurse has .docxpoulterbarbara
Observational Study Designs
A clinical pediatric nurse has noticed a rise in childhood cancer diagnoses among the Hispanic population served by the local clinic. The nurse is concerned about this increase in cancer incidence in the patient population and turns to the literature to explore current research on this topic. The nurse finds through the reading that there appears to be an association between parental smoking and childhood cancer and wonders if this could be the cause of the rise in cases.
This type of suspected association between a risk factor (exposure) and a particular outcome (childhood cancer) can be evaluated using an observational study design. This week, you were introduced to observational study designs used in epidemiology. For this Discussion, you will identify an epidemiologic association of interest (e.g., smoking and lung cancer, obesity and heart disease, hormone replacement/modification therapy and breast cancer) and determine an appropriate observational study design for exploring that association.
To prepare:
Review the different types of observational study designs presented in the Learning Resources: ecologic, cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort.
Carefully examine the characteristics, strengths, and limitations of each design.
Consider an association between a risk factor and a particular health outcome that is of interest to you. Then, select the observational study design you think would be the most appropriate for exploring this association.
Consider how using observational study designs can lead to improvements in population health.
By tomorrow 03/14/2018 12 noon, write a minimum of 550 words in APA format with at least 3 scholarly references from the list of required readings below. Include the level one headings as numbered below:
Post
a cohesive response that addresses the following:
1) Identify the association between the risk factor and health outcome you selected and suggest which observational study design you feel is most appropriate for examining that association.
2) Support your selection of the observational design, noting its strengths and limitations for addressing the health problem.
3) What might you be able to learn by using your selected study design that might lead to improvements in population health? Support your response with evidence from the literature.
Required Readings
Friis, R. H., & Sellers, T. A. (2014). Epidemiology for public health practice (5th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett.
Chapter 6, “Study Designs: Ecologic, Cross-Sectional, Case Control”
Chapter 7, “Study Designs: Cohort Studies”
Chapter 6 presents an overview of analytic study designs used in epidemiology, differentiating between experimental studies (which will be addressed next week) and observational studies (the focus of this week). In the chapter, the authors address three varieties of observational studies—ecological, cross-sectional, a ...
Running head CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS.docxtodd271
Running head: CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
5
CRITIQUE OF QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies
Adenike George
Walden University
NURS 6052: Essentials of Evidence-Based Practice
April 11, 2019
Critique of Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Method Design
Both quantitative and qualitative methods play a pivotal role in nursing research. Qualitative research helps nurses and other healthcare workers to understand the experiences of the patients on health and illness. Quantitative data allows researchers to use an accurate approach in data collection and analysis. When using quantitative techniques, data can be analyzed using either descriptive statistics or inferential statistics which allows the researchers to derive important facts like demographics, preference trends, and differences between the groups. The paper comprehensively critiques quantitative and quantitative techniques of research. Furthermore, the author will also give reasons as to why qualitative methods should be regarded as scientific.
The overall value of quantitative and Qualitative Research
Quantitative studies allow the researchers to present data in terms of numbers. Since data is in numeric form, researchers can apply statistical techniques in analyzing it. These include descriptive statistics like mean, mode, median, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as ANOVA, t-tests, correlation and regression analysis. Statistical analysis allows us to derive important facts from data such as preference trends, demographics, and differences between groups. For instance, by conducting a mixed methods study to determine the feeding experiences of infants among teen mothers in North Carolina, Tucker and colleagues were able to compare breastfeeding trends among various population groups. The multiple groups compared were likely to initiate breastfeeding as follows: Hispanic teens 89%, Black American teens 41%, and White teens 52% (Tucker et al., 2011).
The high strength of quantitative analysis lies in providing data that is descriptive. The descriptive statistics helps us to capture a snapshot of the population. When analyzed appropriate, the descriptive data enables us to make general conclusions concerning the population. For instance, through detailed data analysis, Tucker and co-researchers were able to observe that there were a large number of adolescents who ceased breastfeeding within the first month drawing the need for nurses to conduct individualized follow-ups the early days after hospital discharge. These follow-ups would significantly assist in addressing the conventional technical problems and offer support in managing back to school transition (Tucker et al., 2011).
Qualitative research allows researchers to determine the client’s perspective on healthcare. It enables researchers to observe certain behaviors and experiences amo.
Running head COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT PART TWO1 .docxtodd271
Running head: COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT PART TWO
1
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT PART TWO 15
Comprehensive Assessment Part Two: Outcomes and Reflection
Name
Instructor
Course
Date
Comprehensive Assessment Part Two: Outcomes and Reflection
Outcome 1
In this course, I have done extensive research about several nursing and science-based theories and how these theories can be applied in solving a nursing problem. The problem that needed a solution in this course was chronic non-cancer pain. In this course, I was able to demonstrate how nursing theories can be integrated into efforts to solve chronic non-cancer pain, which happens to be an old-age problem in nursing practice. In particular, I demonstrated how the biopsychosocial model of chronic pain is applied to the management of chronic non-cancer pain. The model provided a clear framework for steps that needs to be taken to manage chronic non-cancer effectively.
Of particular importance was the application of the model in determining factors that determine the speed at which one recovers from chronic non-cancer pain. Some of the factors that I described using the model included coping strategies, distress, illness, and physical dysfunction (Kaiser et al., 2013). Given the multiple factors that determine the speed of recovery from chronic non-cancer pain, it is arguable that it is not possible to manage this problem using a single intervention. The biopsychosocial model of chronic pain came in handy in describing the “cycle of pain”, given the fact that an individual develops pain due to interaction of factors such biological, psychological, and social factors (Kaiser et al., 2013). Explaining the interaction of the aforementioned factors helped in deriving sense from the fact that people who develop chronic pain are unable to engage in social and occupational activities. It also became evident that other factors such as depression and isolation contribute immensely to the exacerbation of pain symptoms.
The Biopsychosocial model of chronic pain was also useful in my course because it helped me in researching deeply on treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. By applying the model, it was possible to gain a deeper understanding of the interaction among different factors that contribute to the exacerbation of chronic non-cancer pain symptoms. Fundamentally, the model was quite useful in understanding that pain has a negative impact on emotions of an individual when it persists. Patients start developing negative beliefs about the negative effects of chronic non-cancer pain (Kaiser et al., 2013). Basing on this information, it was possible to choose pain management approaches that only relieve the pain but also change the negative beliefs that patients develop about pain.
I will apply what I have learnt from this course to my DPI project by researching about .
Assignment WK 9Assessing a Healthcare ProgramPolicy Evaluation.docxjesuslightbody
Assignment: WK 9Assessing a Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation
Program/policy evaluation is a valuable tool that can help strengthen the quality of programs/policies and improve outcomes for the populations they serve. Program/policy evaluation answers basic questions about program/policy effectiveness. It involves collecting and analyzing information about program/policy activities, characteristics, and outcomes. This information can be used to ultimately improve program services or policy initiatives.
Nurses can play a very important role assessing program/policy evaluation for the same reasons that they can be so important to program/policy design. Nurses bring expertise and patient advocacy that can add significant insight and impact. In this Assignment, you will practice applying this expertise and insight by selecting an existing healthcare program or policy evaluation and reflecting on the criteria used to measure the effectiveness of the program/policy.
To Prepare:
· Review the Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Analysis Template provided in the Resources.
· Select an existing healthcare program or policy evaluation or choose one of interest to you.
· Review community, state, or federal policy evaluation and reflect on the criteria used to measure the effectiveness of the program or policy described.
The Assignment: (2–3 pages)
Based on the program or policy evaluation you selected, complete the Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Analysis Template. Be sure to address the following:
· Describe the healthcare program or policy outcomes.
· How was the success of the program or policy measured?
· How many people were reached by the program or policy selected?
· How much of an impact was realized with the program or policy selected?
· At what point in program implementation was the program or policy evaluation conducted?
· What data was used to conduct the program or policy evaluation?
· What specific information on unintended consequences was identified?
· What stakeholders were identified in the evaluation of the program or policy? Who would benefit most from the results and reporting of the program or policy evaluation? Be specific and provide examples.
· Did the program or policy meet the original intent and objectives? Why or why not?
· Would you recommend implementing this program or policy in your place of work? Why or why not?
· Identify at least two ways that you, as a nurse advocate, could become involved in evaluating a program or policy after 1 year of implementation.
By Day 7 of Week 10
Submit your completed healthcare program/policy evaluation analysis.
Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019).
Health policy and politics: A nurse's guide (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
· Chapter 7, “Health Policy and Social Program Evaluation” (pp. 116–124 only)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5409875/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0029655418300617
i J LUUU^S
.
American Heart Association Lifestyle Recommendations to Reduce.docxjesuslightbody
American Heart Association Lifestyle Recommendations to Reduce Obesity
Jane Doe
University
Project and Practicum
Summer 2022
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and sedentary lifestyle complications are increasing at alarming rates, representing a common but preventable cause of severe medical complications like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and early mortality. This chronic condition has been for a long time a public health concern and social determinant. The Fitbit app offers a unique opportunity to enhance the efficacy of weight loss plans as it is used to track activity, monitor steps, heart rate, energy expenditure, sleep, and sedentary behavior. The integrative review focused on how the American Heart Association (AHA) Diet and Lifestyle recommendations and the Fitbit app are used as innovative solutions to reduce obesity in adult patients.
Research Methodology: A systematic review was conducted to identify research articles completed in the preceding 4-5 years centered on obesity care, diet, physical activity, activity trackers, and lifestyle implications.
Results and Discussion: The databases searched were Chamberlain Library, PubMed, and CINHAL. Initial searches yielded over 2000 articles, of which 45 were chosen and examined because they fit the integrative review's theme. The 15 papers most relevant to the PICOT question were studied in further detail and appraised using the Johns Hopkins Evidence Appraisal table. The studies reported positive physical activity outcomes.
Conclusions and Further Recommendations:This systematic review supported the effectiveness of the AHA Diet and Lifestyle recommendations to reduce obesity, and clinical use generalization is recommended. Fitbit app provides new ways to improve physical activity habits, and the easy availability of electronic devices may enhance their generalizability use.
Keywords: Obesity care; Obesity complications; Lifestyle recommendations; Obesity management; Physical activity intervention using Fitbit activity trackers.
Dedication
Thanks to my family for their unwavering support of this project; their cooperation means a lot to me. To my husband Armando, thank you for your love, understanding, and patience during this time. I credit my achievement to all of you for your unwavering love and belief in me.
Acknowledgments
First, I must acknowledge the help of all my professors who inspired, encouraged, and supported me throughout the DNP program. My heartfelt thanks to my teammates, without whom I would never have completed this phase in my life. Their encouragement has had a significant influence on my strong determination during this trip.
Contents
American Heart Association Lifestyle Recommendations to Reduce Obesity 1
Abstract 2
Introduction Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dedication 3
Acknowledgments 4
American Heart Association Lifestyle Recommendations to Reduce Obesity 6
Problem Statement 6
S.
According to Davenport (2014) social media and health care are c.docxmakdul
According to Davenport (2014) social media and health care are collaborating in meeting the needs of health care providers and patients. Social media is taking a step towards focusing on an analytic model to evaluate the value of social media in healthcare. For this assignment you research and investigate the areas of social media that might embrace and benefit from an analytic model combining acquired data and value-based analytics. You will then evaluate the resource addressing the following points:
· Five major stakeholder roles of social media—patients, physicians (and other outpatient care), hospitals, payers (employers, health plans), and health information technology (IT)
· Will social media improve a practice? How so? Provide a thorough rationale.
· Provide a conclusion with the main points .
format:
· Must be two to four
· Must use at least three scholarly sources
.
According to (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.) theoretical orient.docxmakdul
According to (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.) theoretical orientation represent styles of mind for understanding reality. This theoretical orientation can be organized as a continuum from theoretical constructs that are independent and concrete as with the Behavioral/ CBT theories, to theoretical constructs that are interdependent and abstract as with the Psychodynamic theories (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.). Family systems and Humanistic/Existential are theoretical midpoints (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.). Trait theory tends to focus on the premise that we are born with traits or characteristics that make us unique and explain our behaviors (Cervone& Pervin, 2019). For example, introversion, extroversion, shyness, agreeableness, kindness, etc. all these innate characteristics that we are born help to explain why we behave in a certain manner according to the situations we face, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019). Psychoanalytic perspective on the other hand focuses on childhood experiences and the unconscious mind which plays a role in our personality development, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019).
According to Freud, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019) our unconscious mind includes all our hidden desires and conflicts which form the root cause of our mental health issues or maladaptive behaviors. The main difference between these two perspectives is that trait theory helps to explain why we behave in a certain manner, whereas psychoanalytic theory only describes the personality and predicting behavior and not really explaining why we behave the way we do. There is no such evident similarity between the two perspectives, but kind of rely on underlying mechanisms to explain personality. Also, there is some degree of subjectivity present in both the perspectives. Trait theories involve subjectivity regarding interpretations of which can be considered as important traits that explain our behaviors, and psychoanalytic theory is subjective and vague in the concepts been used like the unconscious mind. My opinions accord with the visible contrasts between the two, one focused on internal features describing our behaviors in clearer words, whilst other concentrating on unconscious mind in anticipating behavior which is ambiguous and harder to grasp.
References
Cervone, D., & Pervin, L. A. (2019). Personality: Theory and research (14th ed.). Wiley.
Fatehi, M., Gordon, R. M., & Florida, O. A Meta-Theoretical Integration of Psychotherapy Orientations.
.
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Integrative Health Care Shift Benefits and Challenges among Health Care Profe...ijtsrd
Nurses play an important role in supporting patients with any illness who often seek information regarding alternative therapy. Within their scope of practice, it is expected that nurses have sufficient knowledge about the safety and effective use of alternative therapies, and positive attitudes toward supporting patients who wish to use such therapies. An alternative therapy refers to the health treatments which go along with the medical care, and it is based on natural and traditional methods. It includes natural therapies, herbal medicines yoga, aromatherapy, batch flower medicines, spiritual therapies etc. They offer people the chance to try therapies outside of their standard medical care. These treatment methods are totally different from allopathic medical practices. An evaluative approach with one group pre test, post test design was used for this study. The study was conducted in selected rural areas of Tamilnadu. The samples comprised of 600 health professionals. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the samples. Data was collected using structured knowledge questionnaire before and after administering the structured health education program. The study proved their knowledge improved remarkably after administering the education. The findings of the study support the need for providing information to improve the knowledge of the health professionals regarding complementary therapies in the perspectives of integrating health care shift towards alternative therapies. So the findings have also proved that the information booklet was effective in terms of gain in knowledge scores. Dr. Pushpamala Ramaiah | Dr. Sahar Mohammed Aly | Dr. Afnan Abdulltif Albokhary ""Integrative Health Care Shift- Benefits and Challenges among Health Care Professionals"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30044.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/30044/integrative-health-care-shift--benefits-and-challenges-among-health-care-professionals/dr-pushpamala-ramaiah
Problems Facing International Students with Health Insurance Companies
in the USA Healthcare System
Zakiah Aljashei
ID# 643632
March 5, 2018
CENTRAL MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY
Reviewer: lr-hayes
Running head: INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS HEALTH INSURANCE 1
PROBLEM FACING INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS WITH HEALTH INSURANCE
17
INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS HEALTH INSURANCE
This synthesis paper is in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the
MSA 698 Directed Administrative Portfolio
Executive summary
The purpose of this research is to solve the problems international students have with health insurance or healthcare in the United States. This portfolio is comprised of four separate papers that examined all of the various strategies and approaches that can be adopted by foreign students to select an appropriate health insurance policy. The paper covers all of these approaches in great detail, also providing (a) recommendations and strategic planning techniques, which should be adopted by the students in order to assess the value of the health insurance policy they are planning to purchase (MSA 603), (b) the ways different ethnic groups perceive health insurance or quality healthcare, while evaluating and hypothesizing the way cultural variables interact in shaping the individual’s perception within an organization and society (MSA604), (c) strategies for effective communication most important in helping patients and doctors communicate (MSA601), and (d) the evaluation model in financial performance in healthcare or in hospitals (MSA602). In each of the papers, the researchers used strategic planning projects to help improve the operations and services offered by health insurance and healthcare systems. Regardless of the conclusions found through this research, more follow-up studies should be conducted that consider the continued development and corresponding effectiveness.
INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS HEALTH INSURANCE 4
Table of Contents
Executive summary 2
The Framework of Strategic Planning 5
Summary of the Portfolio Contents 7
MSA 603: Strategic Planning for the Administrator 7
MSA 601: Organizational Dynamics 8
MSA 604: Administration, Globalization and Multiculturalism 9
MSA 602: Financial Analysis, Planning, and Control 10
Key Recommendations from the Research 11
Recommendation: Key Takeaways and Lessons Learned from MSA 603 11
Recommendation: Key Takeaways and Lessons Learned from MSA 601 12
Recommendation: Key Takeaways and Lessons Learned from MSA 604 12
Recommendation: Key Takeaways and Lessons Learned from MSA 602 12
Conclusion 13
References 16
Problems Facing International Students with Health Insurance Companies
in the USA Healthcare System
Health insurance and healthcare are significant to international students in the United States. International students should receive health insurance when they come to the U.S., because without the benefits that health insurance provides, outstanding medical bills can lead to financial.
Patients' satisfaction towards doctors treatmentmustafa farooqi
The mood of the care recipient to see if the impression (expectations) of service are met by the patient may be defined as patient satisfaction. The current perspective on service efficiency tends to be that patient treatment meets public standards and requirements in terms of interpersonal support as well as professional assistance. (Hardy et al. 1996). For various reasons, customer satisfactions in the healthcare industry have been investigated. First it was important to decide on the extent and the degree to which patient care seekers, the meeting of drugs criteria and the continuous use of these services have effect, satisfaction as a quality of service metric, as well as allowing doctors and health services to better appreciate and use the input of the patient. (Ong et al. 2000). Consumer satisfaction with healthcare services is a multi-panel term that refers to the core facets of treatment and suppliers, while PS medical services with the quality enhancement systems from the patient context, full control of quality and the intended outcomes of services are considered to be of primary importance (Janicijevic et al. 2013). The Pakistani health system is being changed somewhat and there are wonderful scope for applying standard of services to health care. Patients in Pakistan now have access to increased quality health care. Obviously, the staff and staff are the most important winners of a successful health care environment of every community sector framework (Bakari et al. 2019). The medical clinic of today's study is the product of a long and complicated war of civilization to quantify produce and study and to give thought to the thoughtful (Fullman et al. 2017).
Patients' satisfaction towards doctors treatmentmustafa farooqi
The mood of the care recipient to see if the impression (expectations) of service are met by the patient may be defined as patient satisfaction. The current perspective on service efficiency tends to be that patient treatment meets public standards and requirements in terms of interpersonal support as well as professional assistance. (Hardy et al. 1996).
For various reasons, customer satisfactions in the healthcare industry have been investigated. First it was important to decide on the extent and the degree to which patient care seekers, the meeting of drugs criteria and the continuous use of these services have effect, satisfaction as a quality of service metric, as well as allowing doctors and health services to better appreciate and use the input of the patient. (Ong et al. 2000).
Consumer satisfaction with healthcare services is a multi-panel term that refers to the core facets of treatment and suppliers, while PS medical services with the quality enhancement systems from the patient context, full control of quality and the intended outcomes of services are considered to be of primary importance (Janicijevic et al. 2013).
The Pakistani health system is being changed somewhat and there are wonderful scope for applying standard of services to health care. Patients in Pakistan now have access to increased quality health care. Obviously, the staff and staff are the most important winners of a successful health care environment of every community sector framework (Bakari et al. 2019).
The medical clinic of today's study is the product of a long and complicated war of civilization to quantify produce and study and to give thought to the thoughtful (Fullman et al. 2017).
Running head PLANNING STAGE 2-(DESIGN PHASE) OF A RESEARCH PROJEC.docxjeanettehully
Running head: PLANNING STAGE 2-(DESIGN PHASE) OF A RESEARCH PROJECT 1
PLANNING STAGE 2- (DESIGN PHASE) OF A RESEARCH PROJECT 8
Planning Stage 2- (Design Phase) of a Research Project
Student name
Florida National University
Planning Stage 2- (Design Phase) of a Research Project
Heart failure is one of the most common types of chronic conditions among the elderly, which results into increased readmissions globally. This statistic is attributable to poor coordination and communication in the transition care settings. The various care settings include skilled nursing facilities, acute-care hospitals, long-standing care facilities and ambulatory stay (Naylor et al., 2017). This research paper is aimed at investigating the reason for poor continuity of care in transition care facilities. A detailed literature review was performed regarding the standard of care in such settings for patients with heart failure. The research methodologies used include case study methods, interviews, and administration of questionnaires. Probability and non-probability methods including stratified sampling and convenience sampling were used as the sampling methodologies. The necessary tools for data collection include questionnaires, interviews, schedules and observation techniques. In addition, an algorithm was created during this design phase. Thus, an insight into the design phase is sought and discussed herein.
Literature Review
Heart failure is a prolonged condition that has been highlighted as one of the top causes of public health complications in the world. The American Journal of Accountable care provides detailed information on heart failure as a public health problem. According to this journal, there are numerous causes of readmission of patients undergoing the transition care model (A Literature Review of Heart Failure Transitional Care Interventions, 2019). The journal highlights various issues, such as early discharge, poor management of underlying problems, poor coordination among key stakeholders and early discharge of patients as the major causes of readmission. All such issues can, however, be prevented and thus this research will discuss some of the coping methods. In addition, the US medical beneficiaries discuss the quality and safety in the transition care model (Teno et al. , 2018). Some of the beneficiaries state their experiences following being admitted into the transition care model. This article complements the previous article by adding real life case study analysis of patients who have been previously admitted to the transition care. Further, interviews of clinicians working in the transition care model are highlighted with an explanation of failure to conduct follow up visits of particular patients.
The American Journal of Public Health explores the affordability of the transition care and the quality of care that some patients can be able to afford. The article has explored the ...
Evidence-Based Practices & Nursing
Introduction
Normally, PICOT format is helpful in formulation of questions in an evidenced based clinical practice. PICOT generated questions generally fall under for main categories of clinical practices. These include; therapy, prevention, diagnosis, etiology as well as Prognosis. The essential elements in PICOT questions. The PICOT format is valuable in addressing research questions comprehensively. Five elements are normally addressed including; population, intervention, comparison, outcome and time as well (Riva, Malik, Burnie, Endicott, & Busse, 2012).
Summary of Case Study
The ever increasingly high incidence of breast cancer conditions has posed serious challenges in the nursing profession. Provision of appropriate healthcare to the cancer patients has been lacking leading to adverse effects of the proliferation of cancerous cells which further worsen the conditions of the patients. As primary care, clinicians have the responsibility to stressing providing healthcare services within healthcare facilities as well as monitoring treatment in home based facilities to help manage cancer condition. Most cancer patient need clinicians who practice evidence-based clinical practices (Riva, Malik, Burnie, Endicott, & Busse, 2012).
Research Question
In cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, will they have better white blood cell count monitoring with a follow-up at home versus follow-up at a health care facility during their treatment?
PICOT Format
1) P-Population: Patients aged 18-60 years-old, breast cancer who have not received chemotherapy in the past six months are subjected to the treatment. Patients with other serious health conditions such as heart diseases were excluded in the study. 30 patients, with 15patients stationed at the healthcare facility while the other 15 patients receiving home-based care, are expected to take part in the study.
2) I -Intervention: The patients will receive dosage based on the age, sex and health general body health as well as the stage of cancer cells proliferation in the body. The patients are required take the prescribed drugs at regular intervals. The subjects will be subjected to treatment under the same during the research study.
3) C-Comparison: All the subject regardless of variations in their level of dose requirement will be subjected to the same treatment for the same duration, 3months. Standardized treatment will be given to subjects with no extreme variations in their level of dose requirement and would be used as an active control group. Using this strategy, it will be possible to minimize the non-specific effects due to a group of the patient receiving treatment within the healthcare.
4) O-Outcome: The response in chemotherapy treatments will be check by examining the numbers of defective cancerous cells in the body tissues. The patients will report to the theatre in order to be examined by an oncologist. The results will be recorded i ...
Running head SEARCHING AND CRITIQUING THE EVIDENCE1SEARCHING .docxtoltonkendal
Running head: SEARCHING AND CRITIQUING THE EVIDENCE 1
SEARCHING AND CRITIQUING THE EVIDENCE 4
Searching and Critiquing the Evidence
Student’s Name
Institution
Date
Searching and Critiquing the Evidence
There are various research studies that have been done on the outcome of self-care on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. In most of the studies, the most prevalent results are that self-care is an effective method of improving the health and lifestyle outcomes of Type 2 Diabetes patients. Krishna and Boren (2008) conducted a systematic review of evidence-based studies done between 1996 and 2007. The study analyzed 18 researches done within the selected time period and found that using phone calls and text messages to assist diabetes patients could improve the self-management outcomes. Shrivastava et al. (2013) analyzed the effectiveness of self-management for the diabetes mellitus patients. The study found that self-care helps to reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality among diabetes patients.
In addition, Steinsbekk et al. (2013) conducted a meta-analysis comparing the differences between the outcomes of group based self-management education and routine treatment for Type 2 diabetes patients. The study analyzed 21 studies that included studied on 2833 participants. The results of the meta-analysis showed that group-based self-management education helped to improve the psychosocial, clinical, and lifestyle outcomes among the diabetes patients. Lastly, Tang et al. (2008) examined the impact of social support and quality of life on the self-care behaviors of African American Type 2 diabetes patients. The study followed an observational design with 89 African-American adults, who were aged 40 and above. The study found that social support is vital for self-management to be effective in diabetes treatment.
The selected studies have helped to strengthen the merit of my selected theoretical framework. The theory selected for the study was Dorothea Orem’s Self Care Theory. These studies have helped to demonstrate some important evidence-based facts about the effectiveness of self-care for diabetes patients hence helping to prove the credibility of the theory. The scrutiny of these studies has helped to discover the degree of effectiveness of this theory and the best application methods that can make it an effective approach to improving the outcomes of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Levels of Evidence in the Articles
The classification of the level of evidence of a given research is important in evidence-based studies because they help to show how accurate, credible, or reliable a research is (Gray, Grove & Sutherland, 2017). The most prevalent evidence in the research articles analyzed is Level II evidence. Level II evidence is one that is obtained from at least one randomized control trial (Moran, Burson & Conrad, 2017). The articles by Krishna and Boren (2008) and Steinsbekk et al. (2013) conducted meta-analyses of various rese ...
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Observational Study DesignsA clinical pediatric nurse has .docxpoulterbarbara
Observational Study Designs
A clinical pediatric nurse has noticed a rise in childhood cancer diagnoses among the Hispanic population served by the local clinic. The nurse is concerned about this increase in cancer incidence in the patient population and turns to the literature to explore current research on this topic. The nurse finds through the reading that there appears to be an association between parental smoking and childhood cancer and wonders if this could be the cause of the rise in cases.
This type of suspected association between a risk factor (exposure) and a particular outcome (childhood cancer) can be evaluated using an observational study design. This week, you were introduced to observational study designs used in epidemiology. For this Discussion, you will identify an epidemiologic association of interest (e.g., smoking and lung cancer, obesity and heart disease, hormone replacement/modification therapy and breast cancer) and determine an appropriate observational study design for exploring that association.
To prepare:
Review the different types of observational study designs presented in the Learning Resources: ecologic, cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort.
Carefully examine the characteristics, strengths, and limitations of each design.
Consider an association between a risk factor and a particular health outcome that is of interest to you. Then, select the observational study design you think would be the most appropriate for exploring this association.
Consider how using observational study designs can lead to improvements in population health.
By tomorrow 03/14/2018 12 noon, write a minimum of 550 words in APA format with at least 3 scholarly references from the list of required readings below. Include the level one headings as numbered below:
Post
a cohesive response that addresses the following:
1) Identify the association between the risk factor and health outcome you selected and suggest which observational study design you feel is most appropriate for examining that association.
2) Support your selection of the observational design, noting its strengths and limitations for addressing the health problem.
3) What might you be able to learn by using your selected study design that might lead to improvements in population health? Support your response with evidence from the literature.
Required Readings
Friis, R. H., & Sellers, T. A. (2014). Epidemiology for public health practice (5th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett.
Chapter 6, “Study Designs: Ecologic, Cross-Sectional, Case Control”
Chapter 7, “Study Designs: Cohort Studies”
Chapter 6 presents an overview of analytic study designs used in epidemiology, differentiating between experimental studies (which will be addressed next week) and observational studies (the focus of this week). In the chapter, the authors address three varieties of observational studies—ecological, cross-sectional, a ...
Running head CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS.docxtodd271
Running head: CRITIQUE QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
5
CRITIQUE OF QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, OR MIXED METHODS DESIGN
Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies
Adenike George
Walden University
NURS 6052: Essentials of Evidence-Based Practice
April 11, 2019
Critique of Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Method Design
Both quantitative and qualitative methods play a pivotal role in nursing research. Qualitative research helps nurses and other healthcare workers to understand the experiences of the patients on health and illness. Quantitative data allows researchers to use an accurate approach in data collection and analysis. When using quantitative techniques, data can be analyzed using either descriptive statistics or inferential statistics which allows the researchers to derive important facts like demographics, preference trends, and differences between the groups. The paper comprehensively critiques quantitative and quantitative techniques of research. Furthermore, the author will also give reasons as to why qualitative methods should be regarded as scientific.
The overall value of quantitative and Qualitative Research
Quantitative studies allow the researchers to present data in terms of numbers. Since data is in numeric form, researchers can apply statistical techniques in analyzing it. These include descriptive statistics like mean, mode, median, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as ANOVA, t-tests, correlation and regression analysis. Statistical analysis allows us to derive important facts from data such as preference trends, demographics, and differences between groups. For instance, by conducting a mixed methods study to determine the feeding experiences of infants among teen mothers in North Carolina, Tucker and colleagues were able to compare breastfeeding trends among various population groups. The multiple groups compared were likely to initiate breastfeeding as follows: Hispanic teens 89%, Black American teens 41%, and White teens 52% (Tucker et al., 2011).
The high strength of quantitative analysis lies in providing data that is descriptive. The descriptive statistics helps us to capture a snapshot of the population. When analyzed appropriate, the descriptive data enables us to make general conclusions concerning the population. For instance, through detailed data analysis, Tucker and co-researchers were able to observe that there were a large number of adolescents who ceased breastfeeding within the first month drawing the need for nurses to conduct individualized follow-ups the early days after hospital discharge. These follow-ups would significantly assist in addressing the conventional technical problems and offer support in managing back to school transition (Tucker et al., 2011).
Qualitative research allows researchers to determine the client’s perspective on healthcare. It enables researchers to observe certain behaviors and experiences amo.
Running head COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT PART TWO1 .docxtodd271
Running head: COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT PART TWO
1
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT PART TWO 15
Comprehensive Assessment Part Two: Outcomes and Reflection
Name
Instructor
Course
Date
Comprehensive Assessment Part Two: Outcomes and Reflection
Outcome 1
In this course, I have done extensive research about several nursing and science-based theories and how these theories can be applied in solving a nursing problem. The problem that needed a solution in this course was chronic non-cancer pain. In this course, I was able to demonstrate how nursing theories can be integrated into efforts to solve chronic non-cancer pain, which happens to be an old-age problem in nursing practice. In particular, I demonstrated how the biopsychosocial model of chronic pain is applied to the management of chronic non-cancer pain. The model provided a clear framework for steps that needs to be taken to manage chronic non-cancer effectively.
Of particular importance was the application of the model in determining factors that determine the speed at which one recovers from chronic non-cancer pain. Some of the factors that I described using the model included coping strategies, distress, illness, and physical dysfunction (Kaiser et al., 2013). Given the multiple factors that determine the speed of recovery from chronic non-cancer pain, it is arguable that it is not possible to manage this problem using a single intervention. The biopsychosocial model of chronic pain came in handy in describing the “cycle of pain”, given the fact that an individual develops pain due to interaction of factors such biological, psychological, and social factors (Kaiser et al., 2013). Explaining the interaction of the aforementioned factors helped in deriving sense from the fact that people who develop chronic pain are unable to engage in social and occupational activities. It also became evident that other factors such as depression and isolation contribute immensely to the exacerbation of pain symptoms.
The Biopsychosocial model of chronic pain was also useful in my course because it helped me in researching deeply on treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. By applying the model, it was possible to gain a deeper understanding of the interaction among different factors that contribute to the exacerbation of chronic non-cancer pain symptoms. Fundamentally, the model was quite useful in understanding that pain has a negative impact on emotions of an individual when it persists. Patients start developing negative beliefs about the negative effects of chronic non-cancer pain (Kaiser et al., 2013). Basing on this information, it was possible to choose pain management approaches that only relieve the pain but also change the negative beliefs that patients develop about pain.
I will apply what I have learnt from this course to my DPI project by researching about .
Assignment WK 9Assessing a Healthcare ProgramPolicy Evaluation.docxjesuslightbody
Assignment: WK 9Assessing a Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation
Program/policy evaluation is a valuable tool that can help strengthen the quality of programs/policies and improve outcomes for the populations they serve. Program/policy evaluation answers basic questions about program/policy effectiveness. It involves collecting and analyzing information about program/policy activities, characteristics, and outcomes. This information can be used to ultimately improve program services or policy initiatives.
Nurses can play a very important role assessing program/policy evaluation for the same reasons that they can be so important to program/policy design. Nurses bring expertise and patient advocacy that can add significant insight and impact. In this Assignment, you will practice applying this expertise and insight by selecting an existing healthcare program or policy evaluation and reflecting on the criteria used to measure the effectiveness of the program/policy.
To Prepare:
· Review the Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Analysis Template provided in the Resources.
· Select an existing healthcare program or policy evaluation or choose one of interest to you.
· Review community, state, or federal policy evaluation and reflect on the criteria used to measure the effectiveness of the program or policy described.
The Assignment: (2–3 pages)
Based on the program or policy evaluation you selected, complete the Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Analysis Template. Be sure to address the following:
· Describe the healthcare program or policy outcomes.
· How was the success of the program or policy measured?
· How many people were reached by the program or policy selected?
· How much of an impact was realized with the program or policy selected?
· At what point in program implementation was the program or policy evaluation conducted?
· What data was used to conduct the program or policy evaluation?
· What specific information on unintended consequences was identified?
· What stakeholders were identified in the evaluation of the program or policy? Who would benefit most from the results and reporting of the program or policy evaluation? Be specific and provide examples.
· Did the program or policy meet the original intent and objectives? Why or why not?
· Would you recommend implementing this program or policy in your place of work? Why or why not?
· Identify at least two ways that you, as a nurse advocate, could become involved in evaluating a program or policy after 1 year of implementation.
By Day 7 of Week 10
Submit your completed healthcare program/policy evaluation analysis.
Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019).
Health policy and politics: A nurse's guide (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
· Chapter 7, “Health Policy and Social Program Evaluation” (pp. 116–124 only)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5409875/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0029655418300617
i J LUUU^S
.
American Heart Association Lifestyle Recommendations to Reduce.docxjesuslightbody
American Heart Association Lifestyle Recommendations to Reduce Obesity
Jane Doe
University
Project and Practicum
Summer 2022
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and sedentary lifestyle complications are increasing at alarming rates, representing a common but preventable cause of severe medical complications like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and early mortality. This chronic condition has been for a long time a public health concern and social determinant. The Fitbit app offers a unique opportunity to enhance the efficacy of weight loss plans as it is used to track activity, monitor steps, heart rate, energy expenditure, sleep, and sedentary behavior. The integrative review focused on how the American Heart Association (AHA) Diet and Lifestyle recommendations and the Fitbit app are used as innovative solutions to reduce obesity in adult patients.
Research Methodology: A systematic review was conducted to identify research articles completed in the preceding 4-5 years centered on obesity care, diet, physical activity, activity trackers, and lifestyle implications.
Results and Discussion: The databases searched were Chamberlain Library, PubMed, and CINHAL. Initial searches yielded over 2000 articles, of which 45 were chosen and examined because they fit the integrative review's theme. The 15 papers most relevant to the PICOT question were studied in further detail and appraised using the Johns Hopkins Evidence Appraisal table. The studies reported positive physical activity outcomes.
Conclusions and Further Recommendations:This systematic review supported the effectiveness of the AHA Diet and Lifestyle recommendations to reduce obesity, and clinical use generalization is recommended. Fitbit app provides new ways to improve physical activity habits, and the easy availability of electronic devices may enhance their generalizability use.
Keywords: Obesity care; Obesity complications; Lifestyle recommendations; Obesity management; Physical activity intervention using Fitbit activity trackers.
Dedication
Thanks to my family for their unwavering support of this project; their cooperation means a lot to me. To my husband Armando, thank you for your love, understanding, and patience during this time. I credit my achievement to all of you for your unwavering love and belief in me.
Acknowledgments
First, I must acknowledge the help of all my professors who inspired, encouraged, and supported me throughout the DNP program. My heartfelt thanks to my teammates, without whom I would never have completed this phase in my life. Their encouragement has had a significant influence on my strong determination during this trip.
Contents
American Heart Association Lifestyle Recommendations to Reduce Obesity 1
Abstract 2
Introduction Error! Bookmark not defined.
Dedication 3
Acknowledgments 4
American Heart Association Lifestyle Recommendations to Reduce Obesity 6
Problem Statement 6
S.
Similar to QuantitativeMixed-MethodsAmerican InterContinental Un.docx (20)
According to Davenport (2014) social media and health care are c.docxmakdul
According to Davenport (2014) social media and health care are collaborating in meeting the needs of health care providers and patients. Social media is taking a step towards focusing on an analytic model to evaluate the value of social media in healthcare. For this assignment you research and investigate the areas of social media that might embrace and benefit from an analytic model combining acquired data and value-based analytics. You will then evaluate the resource addressing the following points:
· Five major stakeholder roles of social media—patients, physicians (and other outpatient care), hospitals, payers (employers, health plans), and health information technology (IT)
· Will social media improve a practice? How so? Provide a thorough rationale.
· Provide a conclusion with the main points .
format:
· Must be two to four
· Must use at least three scholarly sources
.
According to (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.) theoretical orient.docxmakdul
According to (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.) theoretical orientation represent styles of mind for understanding reality. This theoretical orientation can be organized as a continuum from theoretical constructs that are independent and concrete as with the Behavioral/ CBT theories, to theoretical constructs that are interdependent and abstract as with the Psychodynamic theories (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.). Family systems and Humanistic/Existential are theoretical midpoints (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.). Trait theory tends to focus on the premise that we are born with traits or characteristics that make us unique and explain our behaviors (Cervone& Pervin, 2019). For example, introversion, extroversion, shyness, agreeableness, kindness, etc. all these innate characteristics that we are born help to explain why we behave in a certain manner according to the situations we face, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019). Psychoanalytic perspective on the other hand focuses on childhood experiences and the unconscious mind which plays a role in our personality development, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019).
According to Freud, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019) our unconscious mind includes all our hidden desires and conflicts which form the root cause of our mental health issues or maladaptive behaviors. The main difference between these two perspectives is that trait theory helps to explain why we behave in a certain manner, whereas psychoanalytic theory only describes the personality and predicting behavior and not really explaining why we behave the way we do. There is no such evident similarity between the two perspectives, but kind of rely on underlying mechanisms to explain personality. Also, there is some degree of subjectivity present in both the perspectives. Trait theories involve subjectivity regarding interpretations of which can be considered as important traits that explain our behaviors, and psychoanalytic theory is subjective and vague in the concepts been used like the unconscious mind. My opinions accord with the visible contrasts between the two, one focused on internal features describing our behaviors in clearer words, whilst other concentrating on unconscious mind in anticipating behavior which is ambiguous and harder to grasp.
References
Cervone, D., & Pervin, L. A. (2019). Personality: Theory and research (14th ed.). Wiley.
Fatehi, M., Gordon, R. M., & Florida, O. A Meta-Theoretical Integration of Psychotherapy Orientations.
.
According to Libertarianism, there is no right to any social service.docxmakdul
According to Libertarianism, there is no right to any social services besides those of a night-watchman state, protecting citizens from harming each other via courts, police, and military.
Consider this town
that decided to remove fire rescue as a basic social service. To benefit from it, one had to pay a yearly fee. Do you think libertarians would generally have to support such a policy in order to be consistent? Why or why not? Also, can you think of any other social services that might no longer exist in a libertarian society? (Btw, none has ever existed).
.
According to Kirk (2016), most of your time will be spent working wi.docxmakdul
According to Kirk (2016), most of your time will be spent working with your data. The four following group actions were mentioned by Kirk (2016):
Data acquisition: Gathering the raw material
Data examination: Identifying physical properties and meaning
Data transformation: Enhancing your data through modification and consolidation
Data exploration: Using exploratory analysis and research techniques to learn
Select 1 data action and elaborate on the actions performed in that action group.
.
According to cultural deviance theorists like Cohen, deviant sub.docxmakdul
According to cultural deviance theorists like Cohen, deviant subcultures have their own value system that often opposes those of society at large. These contradictory "values" have been embraced by generations within that culture—and as a way to act out against the majority value system from which they feel excluded. Write an essay of 750-1,000 words that addresses the following:
How has rap culture perpetuated subcultural values, and promoted violence and crime among young men?
Given its sharp deviation from conventional values and norms, how and why would theorists explain the persistence and popularity of this subculture? (See examples Tupac Shakur page 109-110 and 50 Cent page 135).
Be sure to cite three to five relevant scholarly sources in support of your content
.
According to Gray et al, (2017) critical appraisal is the proce.docxmakdul
According to Gray et al, (2017) “critical appraisal is the process of carefully and systematically assessing the outcome of all aspects of a study, judging the strengths, limitation, trustworthiness, meaning, and its applicability to practice”. The steps involved in critical appraisal include “identifying the study's elements or processes, determining the strengths and weaknesses, and evaluating the credibility and trustworthiness of the study” (Gray et al., 2017). The journal article chosen is
“change in staff perspectives on indwelling urinary catheter use after implementation of an intervention bundle in seven Swiss acute care hospitals: a result of a before/after survey study”
by Niederhauser, Zullig, Marschall, Schweiger, John, Kuster, and Schwappach. (2019).
Identifying the study's elements or processes
A significant issue addressed by the study is the nursing “staffs’ perspective towards indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) and evaluation of changes in their perspectives towards indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) use after implementation of a 1-year quality improvement project” (Niederhauser et al, 2019). the process of the research was conducted in “seven acute care hospitals in Switzerland” (Niederhauser et al, 2019). With a “sample size of 1579 staff members participated in the baseline survey and 1527 participated in the follow-up survey. The survey captures all nursing and medical staff members working at the participating hospitals at the time of survey distribution, using a multimodal intervention bundle, consisting of an evidence-based indication list, daily re-evaluation of ongoing catheter needs, and staff training were implemented over the course of 9 months” (Niederhauser et al, 2019).
Determining the strengths and weaknesses
A great strength of the study is a large sample size of over 1000 and the use of well-constructed and easy-to-read heading for better understanding. Also, the use of figures, graphs, and tables make the article less cumbersome to read. Another strength is the implementation of the ethical principles of research by enabling informed consent and voluntary participation as well as confidentiality and anonymity of information.
On the other hand, the study has several weaknesses such as the use of “the theory of planned behavior to model intentions to reduce catheter use, but it is not possible to know if changes observed in staff perception led to a true change in practice” (Niederhauser et al, 2019). Another weakness of the study is the repeated survey design which allows assessment of changes in staff perspectives after implementation of a quality improvement intervention but the sustainability of the effects over time could not be evaluated.
Evaluating the credibility and trustworthiness of the study
Although the study used a larger sample size of over 1000, the “use of a single-group design and no control group weakens its credibility and trustworthiness because there are no causal inferences abou.
According to article Insecure Policing Under Racial Capitalism by.docxmakdul
According to article "Insecure: Policing Under Racial Capitalism" by Robin D.G. Kelley and the article "Yes, We Mean Literally Abolish the Police" by Mariame Kaba, the police are no longer an attribute of safety and security. The facts that are given in the articles are similar within the meaning of the content. The police do not serve for the benefit of the whole community. Racial and class division according to social status became the basis of lawlessness and injustice on the part of the police. Kaaba in his article cites several stories confirming the racial hatred that led to the murder of African Americans. After that, people massively took to the streets of many cities in several countries, demanding an end to racial discrimination and the murder of African Americans. Kelley's article describes numerous manifestos where demands for police abolition have been raised, but all have been rejected. In the protests, people suggested that they themselves would take care of each other, which the police could not do. I understand that the police system is far from ideal and the permissiveness of police representatives should be limited. Ruth Wilson Gilmore says that "capitalism is never racial." I think that this phrase she wants to say that the stronger people take away from the weak people and use them for their own well-being. And since the roots of history go back to slavery, then African Americans are the weak link. In this regard, a huge number of prisons and police power appeared. The common and small class do not feel protected, on the contrary; they expect a threat from people who must protect them. The police take an oath to respect and protect human and civil rights and freedoms, regardless of skin color and social status. If this does not happen, then you need to change the system.
.
Abstract In this experiment, examining the equivalence poi.docxmakdul
Abstract:
In this experiment, examining the equivalence point in a titration with NaOH identified an
unknown diprotic acid. The molar mass of the unknown was found to be 100.78 g/mol with pKa
values of 2.6 and 6.6. The closest diprotic acid to this molar mass is malonic acid with a percent
error of 3.48%.
Introduction:
The purpose of the experiment was to determine the identity of an unknown diprotic acid. The
equivalence and half-equivalence points on the titration curve give important information, which
can then be used to calculate the molecular weight of the acid. The equivalence point is the
moment when there is an equal amount of acid and NaOH. Knowing the concentration and
volume of added NaOH at that moment, the amount of moles of NaOH can be determined. The
amount of moles of NaOH is then equivalent to the amount of acid present. Dividing the original
mass of the acid by the moles present gave the molar mass of the acid.
In this particular titration, there were two equivalence points as the acid is diprotic.
Consequently, the titration curve had two inflection points. The acid dissociated in a two-step
process with the net reaction being:
H2X + 2 NaOH Na2X + 2 H2O
This was important to take into consideration when calculating the molar mass of the diprotic
acid. If the first equivalence point was to be used, the ratio of acid to NaOH was 1:1. If the
second equivalence point was used in the calculations, the ratio became 1:2 as now a second
set of NaOH molecules reacted with the acid to dissociate the second hydrogen ion. The
titration curve also showed the pKa values of the acid. This happened at the half-equivalence
point where half of the acid was dissociated to its conjugate base (again, because of the diprotic
properties of the acid, this happens twice on the curve). The Henderson Hasselbalch equation
pH = pKa+log(A-/HA)
shows that at the half-equivalence point, the pKa value equaled the pH and was visually
represented by the flattest part of the graphs.
Discussion:
The titration graph showed that the data was consistent with the methodology and proved to be
an precise execution of the procedure and followed the expected shape. One possible source of
error was the actual mass of the acid solid. While transferring the dust from the weigh boat to
the solution, some remained in the weigh boat this could have altered the molar mass
calculations and shifted the final the final mass lighter than actual.
The Vernier pH method was definitely a much more concrete method of interpreting the results.
It was possible to see which addition of NaOH gave the greatest increase in pH ( greatest 1st
derivative of the titration graph). The relying solely on the indicator color would make it very
difficult to judge at which precise point the color shifted most, as the shift was a lot more gradual
compared to the precise numbers. This may have been a more reliable method if there was a
de.
ACC 403- ASSIGNMENT 2 RUBRIC!!!
Points: 280
Assignment 2: Audit Planning and Control
Criteria
UnacceptableBelow 60% F
Meets Minimum Expectations60-69% D
Fair70-79% C
Proficient80-89% B
Exemplary90-100% A
1. Outline the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Based upon the type of company selected, provide specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program.
Weight: 15%
Did not submit or incompletely outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Did not submit or incompletely provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
Insufficiently outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Insufficiently provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
Partially outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Partially provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
Satisfactorily outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Satisfactorily provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
Thoroughly outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Thoroughly provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
2. Examine at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests to perform. Identify the accounts that you would test, and select at least three (3) analytical procedures that you would use in your audit.
Weight: 15%
Did not submit or incompletely examined at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests to perform. Did not submit or incompletely identified the accounts that you would test; did not submit or incompletely selected at least three (3) analytical procedures that you would use in your audit.
Insufficiently examined at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests to perform. Insufficiently identified the accounts that you would test; insufficiently selected at least three (3) analytical procedures that you would use in your audit.
Partially examined at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests .
ACC 601 Managerial Accounting Group Case 3 (160 points) .docxmakdul
ACC 601 Managerial Accounting
Group Case 3 (160 points)
Instructions:
1. As a group, complete the following activities in good form. Use excel or
word only. Provide all supporting calculations to show how you arrived at
your numbers
2. Add only the names of group members who participated in the completion
of this assignment.
3. Submit only one copy of your completed work via Moodle. Do not send it to
me by email.
4. Due: No later than the last day of Module 7. Please note that your professor
has the right to change the due date of this assignment.
Part A: Capital Budgeting Decisions
Chee Company has gathered the following data on a proposed investment project:
Investment required in equipment ............. $240,000
Annual cash inflows .................................. $50,000
Salvage value ............................................ $0
Life of the investment ............................... 8 years
Required rate of return .............................. 10%
Assets will be depreciated using straight
line depreciation method
Required:
Using the net present value and the internal rate of return methods, is this a good investment?
Part B: Master Budget
You have just been hired as a new management trainee by Earrings Unlimited, a distributor of
earrings to various retail outlets located in shopping malls across the country. In the past, the
company has done very little in the way of budgeting and at certain times of the year has
experienced a shortage of cash. Since you are well trained in budgeting, you have decided to
prepare a master budget for the upcoming second quarter. To this end, you have worked with
accounting and other areas to gather the information assembled below.
The company sells many styles of earrings, but all are sold for the same price—$10 per pair. Actual
sales of earrings for the last three months and budgeted sales for the next six months follow (in pairs
of earrings):
January (actual) 20,000 June (budget) 50,000
February (actual) 26,000 July (budget) 30,000
March (actual) 40,000 August (budget) 28,000
April (budget) 65,000 September (budget) 25,000
May (budget) 100,000
The concentration of sales before and during May is due to Mother’s Day. Sufficient inventory should
be on hand at the end of each month to supply 40% of the earrings sold in the following month.
Suppliers are paid $4 for a pair of earrings. One-half of a month’s purchases is paid for in the month
of purchase; the other half is paid for in the following month. All sales are on credit. Only 20% of a
month’s sales are collected in the month of sale. An additional 70% is collected in the following
month, and the remaining 10% is collected in the second month following sale. Bad debts have been
negligible.
Monthly operating expenses for the company are given below:
Variable:
Sales commissions 4 % of sales
.
Academic Integrity A Letter to My Students[1] Bill T.docxmakdul
Academic Integrity:
A Letter to My Students[1]
Bill Taylor
Professor of Political Science
Oakton Community College
Des Plaines, IL 60016
[email protected]
Here at the beginning of the semester I want to say something to you about academic integrity.[2]
I’m deeply convinced that integrity is an essential part of any true educational experience, integrity on
my part as a faculty member and integrity on your part as a student.
To take an easy example, would you want to be operated on by a doctor who cheated his way through
medical school? Or would you feel comfortable on a bridge designed by an engineer who cheated her
way through engineering school. Would you trust your tax return to an accountant who copied his
exam answers from his neighbor?
Those are easy examples, but what difference does it make if you as a student or I as a faculty member
violate the principles of academic integrity in a political science course, especially if it’s not in your
major?
For me, the answer is that integrity is important in this course precisely because integrity is important in
all areas of life. If we don’t have integrity in the small things, if we find it possible to justify plagiarism or
cheating or shoddy work in things that don’t seem important, how will we resist doing the same in areas
that really do matter, in areas where money might be at stake, or the possibility of advancement, or our
esteem in the eyes of others?
Personal integrity is not a quality we’re born to naturally. It’s a quality of character we need to nurture,
and this requires practice in both meanings of that word (as in practice the piano and practice a
profession). We can only be a person of integrity if we practice it every day.
What does that involve for each of us in this course? Let’s find out by going through each stage in the
course. As you’ll see, academic integrity basically requires the same things of you as a student as it
requires of me as a teacher.
I. Preparation for Class
What Academic Integrity Requires of Me in This Area
With regard to coming prepared for class, the principles of academic integrity require that I come having
done the things necessary to make the class a worthwhile educational experience for you. This requires
that I:
reread the text (even when I’ve written it myself),
clarify information I might not be clear about,
prepare the class with an eye toward what is current today (that is, not simply rely on past
notes), and
plan the session so that it will make it worth your while to be there.
What Academic Integrity Requires of You in This Area
With regard to coming prepared for class, the principles of academic integrity suggest that you have a
responsibility to yourself, to me, and to the other students to do the things necessary to put yourself in
a position to make fruitful contributions to class discussion. This will require you to:
read the text before.
Access the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) Nu.docxmakdul
Access the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s)
“Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity: Data, Trends and Maps”
database. Choose a state other than your home state and compare their health status and associated behaviors. What behaviors lead to the current obesity status?
Initial discussion post should be approximately 300 words. Any sources used should be cited in APA format.
.
According to DSM 5 This patient had very many symptoms that sugg.docxmakdul
According to DSM 5 This patient had very many symptoms that suggested Major Depressive Disorder.
Objective(s)
Analyze psychometric properties of assessment tools
Evaluate appropriate use of assessment tools in psychotherapy
Compare assessment tools used in psychotherapy
.
Acceptable concerts include professional orchestras, soloists, jazz,.docxmakdul
Acceptable concerts include professional orchestras, soloists, jazz, Broadway musicals and instrumental or vocal ensembles, and comparable college or community groups performing music relevant to the content of this class. (Optionally, either your concert report
or
your concert review - but not both unless advance permission is given - may be based on a concert of non-western music selected from events on the concert list.)
Acceptable concerts include the following:
• Symphony orchestras • Concert bands and wind ensembles • Chamber Music (string quartets, brass and woodwind quintets, etc.) • Solo recitals (piano, voice, etc.) • Choral concerts • Early music concerts • Non-western music • Some jazz concerts • Opera• Broadway Musicals• Flamenco• Ballet• Tango
Assignment Format
The following are required on the concert review assignment and, thus, may affect your grade.
• Must be typed• Must be double-spaced• Must be between
2 and 4 pages
in length
not including the cover sheet
.• Must use conventional size and formatting of text - e.g. 10-12 point serif or sans serif fonts with normal margins. • Must include the printed program from the concert and/or your ticket stubs. Photocopies are unacceptable. (Contact me at least 24 hours before due date if any materials are unavailable.)• All materials (text, program, ticket stub) must be
stapled
together securely. Folded corners, paper clips, etc. instead of staples will not be accepted.• Careful editing, proofreading, and spelling are expected, although minor errors will not affect your grade.
Papers that do not follow these format guidelines may be returned for resubmission, and late penalties will apply.
Concert Review Assignment Content
I. Cover Sheet:
Include the following on a cover sheet attached to the front of your review:
• Title or other description of the event/performers you heard, along with the date and location of the performance. For example:
New World Symphony Orchestra
1258 Lincoln Road
Saturday, June 5, 2013
Lincoln Road Theater, Miami Beach
• Your name, assignment submission date, course. For example:
Pat Romero
October 31, 2013
Humanities 1020 MWF 8:05 a.m.
II. Descriptions
The main body of the concert review should include brief discussions of
three of the
pieces
in the concert you attend. In most cases, a single paragraph for each piece should be sufficient, although you may wish to break descriptions of longer pieces into separate short paragraphs, one per movement.
Your description of each piece (song) should include:
• The title of the piece and the composer's name if possible, as listed in the concert program.• A brief description of your reaction to the piece. For example:
When the piece started I thought it was going to be slow and boring, but the faster section in the first movement made it more exciting. A really great flute solo full of fast and high notes in the third movement caught my attention. I'm not sure, but I thought that som.
ACA was passed in 2010, under the presidency of Barack Obama. Pr.docxmakdul
ACA was passed in 2010, under the presidency of Barack Obama. Prior to this new act, there were plenty of votes that did not agree with the notion of accessible insurance. Before 2010, The private sector had been given coverage in such a way that Milstead and Short (2019) called it sickness insurance; meaning companies will risk incurring medical expenses as long as it was balanced by healthy people. They were doing so by excluding people that had pre-existing conditions, becoming a very solvent business (Milstead & Short, 2019). After ACA was passed that was no longer the case. When President Trump came into term he did so by bringing his own healthcare agenda, which attempted to repeal ACA, but ultimately failed to come up with a replacement.
In 2016, the Republican's party platform was to repeal ACA, while continuing Medicare and Medicaid, but on the other hand, democrats put down that Obamacare is a step towards the goals of universal health care, and that this was just the beginning (Physicians for a National Health Program, n.d.). As for the cost analysis of repealing the Affordable Care Act, this would increase the number of uninsured people by 23 million, and it will cost about 350 billion through 2027, as well as creating costly coverage provisions to replace it (Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, 2017).
(2 references required)
.
Access the FASB website. Once you login, click the FASB Accounting S.docxmakdul
Access the FASB website. Once you login, click the FASB Accounting Standards Codification link. Review the materials in the FASB Codification, especially the links on the left side column. Next, write a 1-page memo to a friend introducing and explaining this new accounting research resource that you have found. Provide at least one APA citation to the FASB Codification and reference that citation using the APA guidelines.
.
Academic Paper Overview This performance task was intended to asse.docxmakdul
Academic Paper Overview This performance task was intended to assess students’ ability to conduct scholarly and responsible research and articulate an evidence-based argument that clearly communicates the conclusion, solution, or answer to their stated research question. More specifically, this performance task was intended to assess students’ ability to: • Generate a focused research question that is situated within or connected to a larger scholarly context or community; • Explore relationships between and among multiple works representing multiple perspectives within the scholarly literature related to the topic of inquiry; • Articulate what approach, method, or process they have chosen to use to address their research question, why they have chosen that approach to answering their question, and how they employed it; • Develop and present their own argument, conclusion, or new understanding while acknowledging its limitations and discussing implications; • Support their conclusion through the compilation, use, and synthesis of relevant and significant evidence generated by their research; • Use organizational and design elements to effectively convey the paper’s message; • Consistently and accurately cite, attribute, and integrate the knowledge and work of others, while distinguishing between their voice and that of others; and • Generate a paper in which word choice and syntax enhance communication by adhering to established conventions of grammar, usage, and mechanics.
.
Academic Research Team Project PaperCOVID-19 Open Research Datas.docxmakdul
Academic Research Team Project Paper
COVID-19 Open Research Dataset Challenge (CORD-19)
An AI challenge with AI2, CZI, MSR, Georgetown, NIH & The White House
(1) FULL-LENGTH PROJECT
Dataset Description
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the White House and a coalition of leading research groups have prepared the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). CORD-19 is a resource of over 44,000 scholarly articles, including over 29,000 with full text, about COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and related corona viruses. This freely available dataset is provided to the global research community to apply recent advances in natural language processing and other AI techniques to generate new insights in support of the ongoing fight against this infectious disease. There is a growing urgency for these approaches because of the rapid acceleration in new coronavirus literature, making it difficult for the medical research community to keep up.
Call to Action
We are issuing a call to action to the world's artificial intelligence experts to develop text and data mining tools that can help the medical community develop answers to high priority scientific questions. The CORD-19 dataset represents the most extensive machine-readable coronavirus literature collection available for data mining to date. This allows the worldwide AI research community the opportunity to apply text and data mining approaches to find answers to questions within, and connect insights across, this content in support of the ongoing COVID-19 response efforts worldwide. There is a growing urgency for these approaches because of the rapid increase in coronavirus literature, making it difficult for the medical community to keep up.
A list of our initial key questions can be found under the
Tasks
section of this dataset. These key scientific questions are drawn from the NASEM’s SCIED (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats)
research topics
and the World Health Organization’s
R&D Blueprint
for COVID-19.
Many of these questions are suitable for text mining, and we encourage researchers to develop text mining tools to provide insights on these questions.
In this project, you will follow your own interests to create a portfolio worthy single-frame viz or multi-frame data story that will be shared in your presentation. You will use all the skills taught in this course to complete this project step-by-step, with guidance from your instructors along the way. You will first create a project proposal to identify your goals for the project, including the question you wish to answer or explore with data. You will then find data that will provide the information you are seeking. You will then import that data into Tableau and prepare it for analysis. Next, you will create a dashboard that will allow you to explore the data in-depth and identify meaningful insights. You will then give structure .
AbstractVoice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is an advanced t.docxmakdul
Abstract
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is an advanced telecommunication technology which transfers the voice/video over
high speed network that provides advantages of flexibility, reliability and cost efficient advanced telecommunication
features. Still the issues related to security are averting many organizations to accept VoIP cloud environment due to
security threats, holes or vulnerabilities. So, the novel secured framework is absolutely necessary to prevent all kind of
VoIP security issues. This paper points out the existing VoIP cloud architecture and various security attacks and issues
in the existing framework. It also presents the defense mechanisms to prevent the attacks and proposes a new security
framework called Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) using video watermarking and extraction technique and Liveness
Voice Detection (LVD) technique with biometric features such as face and voice. IPSs updated with new LVD features
protect the VoIP services not only from attacks but also from misuses.
A Comprehensive Survey of Security Issues and
Defense Framework for VoIP Cloud
Ashutosh Satapathy* and L. M. Jenila Livingston
School of Computing Science and Engineering, VIT University, Chennai - 600127, Tamil Nadu, India;
[email protected], [email protected]
Keywords: Defense Mechanisms, Liveness Voice Detection, VoIP Cloud, Voice over Internet Protocol, VoIP Security Issues
1. Introduction
The rapid progress of VoIP over traditional services is
led to a situation that is common to many innovations
and new technologies such as VoIP cloud and peer to
peer services like Skype, Google Hangout etc. VoIP is the
technology that supports sending voice (and video) over
an Internet protocol-based network1,2. This is completely
different than the public circuit-switched telephone net-
work. Circuit switching network allocates resources to
each individual call and path is permanent throughout
the call from start to end. Traditional telephony services
are provided by the protocols/components such as SS7, T
carriers, Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS), the Public
Switch Telephone Network (PSTN), dial up, local loops
and anything under International Telecommunication
Union. IP networks are based on packet switching and
each packet follows different path, has its own header and
is forwarded separately by routers. VoIP network can be
constructed in various ways by using both proprietary
protocols and protocols based on open standards.
1.1 VoIP Layer Architecture
VoIP communication system typically consist of a front
end platform (soft-phone, PBX, gateway, call manager),
back end platform (server, CPU, storage, memory, net-
work) and intermediate platforms such as VoIP protocols,
database, authentication server, web server, operating sys-
tems etc. It is mainly divided into five layers as shown in
Figure1.
1.2 VoIP Cloud Architecture
VoIP cloud is the framework for delivering telephony
services in which resourc.
Abstract
Structure of Abstract
Background on the problem
purpose/objective of the study
Method used
Interpretation of results
Conclusion&Recommendation for future research
.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
1. Quantitative/Mixed-Methods
American InterContinental University
March 27, 2018
Running head: QUANTITATIVE/MIXED-METHODS
1
QUANTITATIVE/MIXED-METHODS
2
Quantitative/Mixed-Methods
Abstract
Case studies which are done in the field of medicine work
towards improving the health of the population. There are some
of the parts contained in case studies which are abstract, results,
limitations of results, conclusions, and applications. The
common statistical methods used in research are descriptive
numerical and qualitative thematic analyses. The results of the
studies show that equal participation of individuals in the health
sector will help boost public health. Limitations of results are
that although some strategies may work towards improving
health sector, not all of them are effective.
2. Public health is an important sector in any country for it
directly affects the economy of the nation. There need to be
certain ways which should be employed with the aim of
supporting and improving public health. In this paper, I am
going to examine 4 contemporary peer-reviewed articles which
employ quantitative or mixed-methods concerning ways on how
to improve the health of the public. The interest of the paper is
to aid in achieving the best impact in public health sector via
using programs which will improve health outcomes drastically.
Enhancement of public health will in return help to improve the
well-being of populations across the world. Public health
awareness on how to avoid unhealthy lifestyles should be
created.
In the articles, samples and populations used were appropriate
for it showed the real representative of the population at hand.
All the samples used in the 4-contemporary peer-reviewed
articles fulfilled the rule of thumb hence making them
appropriate. The samples used were suitable for they were used
to estimate the population parameters for it stood for the entire
inhabitants. The samples used were larger but not too large to
consume more resources of money and time. The larger sample
has helped to produce accurate results making the samples valid
and appropriate. The appropriateness of the samples used in
these articles, it has been proved via usage of target variance. In
using target variance an estimate to be derived from the model
eventually attained.
Each article which has been used includes having results,
3. limitations of results, conclusions, and applications. The first
contemporary peer-reviewed article is entitled, Refugee
women’s involvements of maternity-care facilities in Canada: a
methodical review using a description synthesis written by
Gina MA Higginbottom, Myfanwy Morgan, Miranda Alexandre,
Yvonne Chiu, Joan Forgeron, Deb Kocay and Rubina Barolia.
The article was published 11 February 2015. The results show
that there needs to have a healthier understanding of the aspects
that produce discrepancies in availability, adequacy, and
outcomes during parenthood care (Higginbottom, Morgan,
Alexandre, Chiu, Forgeron, Kocay & Barolia, 2015). There is
the coherent base for enhancing culturally based proficiency in
maternity care. All these work towards nearing they improve
maternal care for mothers. Limitation of the result is that
perinatal health actions for immigrant women need revisitingfor
the results to be actualized. Another drawback comes in when
the immigrant women don’t utilize health care services as
expected. The conclusion of the study is thatimmigrant women
in Canada face many blockades in accessing and utilizing health
care services. Barriers involved here are lack of awareness of
the services and insufficient supports to access health care
services. Application of the result will be done on the on
immigrants in Canada whereby the word immigrant will be used
to mean anyone who has settled to live in Canada permanently.
The second article was published on 13 July 2016 and written
by André E. Bussières, Fadi Al Zoubi, Kent Stuber,
Simon D. French, Jill Boruff, John Corrigan and Aliki Thomas.
The title of the article is Suggestion-based exercise, study
application, and understanding paraphrase in chiropractic: a
scoping review (Bussières, Al Zoubi, Stuber, French, Boruff,
Corrigan & Thomas, 2016). The results of the article are that
Evidence-based practice (EBP) breaks were eminent in the parts
of valuation of activity restriction, resolve of psychosocial
factors prompting pain, overall health pointers, forming a
diagnosis, and trial medicament. This study has proposed that
outdated and connected educational approaches can advance
4. persistent upkeep, usage of EBP and standard adherence wide-
ranging extensively. Limitations of results are the difficulty
which comes with a selection of the studies to be applied to the
Evidence-based practice. One important obstruction to
conducting this clinical research was the recruitment. The
conclusion is mainstream of chiropractors hold positive
approaches and beliefs concerning EBP. The chiropractic
occupation needs additional robust broadcasting and application
study to advance recommendation adherence and patient well-
being results. The application of this study is the chiropractors
hold favorable approaches towards, and principles about, EBP.
What results relate to evolving and executing co-produced
intercessions in important health-care settings? A rapid
evidence synthesis is the third article which was written David
Clarke, Fiona Jones, Ruth Harris and Glenn Robert. Results of
the study showed that for increased cost analysis will result in
the enhanced health care of members of the public. No studies
evaluated the sustainability of any variations made. Limitations
of results are that there is lack of laborious assessment of
efficiency and cost efficiency of co-produced interferences in
the severe healthcare segment at mutually the service and
scheme heights. The study did not have right of entry and
appraisal the much wider patient and public participation and
service enhancement (Clarke, Jones, Harris & Robert, 2017).
The conclusion of the study is although increasing concern in
and support for co-production, there is an absence of severe
evaluation in acute healthcare settings. The application of the
study is to the patients who need acute healthcare services.
The fourth article is an organized evaluation of veterans dealing
with strategies: How can rural veterans improve their quality of
life? which was written by Tracey Marie Barnett, Alexa Smith-
Osborne and Freda Barnett –Braddock. The results of the study
are that veterans could acquire various coping approaches and
methods for overcoming and adaptation to the anxieties of war
during their military package. Limitations of results are that
some of the coping strategies being used by military especially
5. have some negative health effects while others tend to be
ineffective sometimes. The conclusion is that there were five
strategies which were used by military people as coping
strategies (Barnett, Smith-Osborne & Barnett-Braddock, 2016).
The coping strategies include cognitive, drugs and alcohol
drowsiness, spirituality methods, evasion and behavioral tactics.
An application of the study is that it was applied to the military
veteran and other civilians in the United States of America who
had health –risk related diseases due to battle anxiety and other
military life stressors.
The four pieces of training results, conclusions, and
applications can be compared together. The four studies results
showed that for improvement of public health there need to be
certain efforts geared by both caregivers and the respondents.
Enhanced public health has some financial implications.
Conclusions of the studies are that certain strategies must be
employed which will help to fight towards improved public
health. Applications of the case studies are that it was done to
the members of public some of whom had some health-related
issues.
The statistical method is the technique of examining numerical
data. The studies used different statistical methods with the first
article on Immigrant women’s experiences of maternity-care
services in Canada: a systematic review using a narrative
synthesis which reviewed studies with all types of statistical
designs: qualitative, quantitative or mixed-method. The second
article on Evidence-based training, research utilization, and
information translation in chiropractic: a scoping review used
three distinct steps. Analyzing the data was done using graphic
numerical and qualitative thematic analyses, the reporting the
findings and discussing results implication. The third article on
what outcomes are associated with developing and
implementing co-produced interventions in acute healthcare
settings? A rapid evidence synthesis included the use of
qualitative or quantitative data. The fourth article, organized
review of veterans coping strategies: How can rural experts
6. improve their quality of life involved the use of qualitative and
mixed methods that are used in only studies.
In conclusion, quality improvement in the public health settings
is very important for it affects huge populations. Evidence-
based case studies usually show the results, conclusions,
applications, and limitations which affects the results of the
study. The most commonly used statistical methods for the
studies are quantitative methods. Evidence-based articles have
shown that collaboration from all involved parties in the health
sector: caregivers and patients will help to improve public
health.
References
Barnett, T. M., Smith-Osborne, A., & Barnett-Braddock, F.
(2016). Systematic Review of Veterans' Coping Strategies: How
Can Rural Veterans Improve Their Quality of
Life? Contemporary Rural Social Work, 8(2), 37-62.
Bussières, A. E., Al Zoubi, F., Stuber, K., French, S. D., Boruff,
J., Corrigan, J., & Thomas, A. (2016). Evidence-based practice,
research utilization, and knowledge translation in chiropractic:
7. a scoping review. BMC complementary and alternative
medicine, 16(1), 216.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1175-0
Clarke, D., Jones, F., Harris, R., & Robert, G. (2017). What
outcomes are associated with developing and implementing co-
produced interventions in acute healthcare settings? A rapid
evidence synthesis. BMJ Open, 7(7), e014650.
Higginbottom, G. M., Morgan, M., Alexandre, M., Chiu, Y.,
Forgeron, J., Kocay, D., & Barolia, R. (2015). Immigrant
women’s experiences of maternity-care services in Canada: a
systematic review using a narrative synthesis. Systematic
reviews, 4(1), 13.
https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-13
Running head: UNIT 4 ASSIGNMENT 1 ANSWER TEMPLATE
1
UNIT 4 ASSIGNMENT 1 ANSWER TEMPLATE
7Unit 4 Assignment 1 Answer TemplateStudent NameCapella
UniversityUnit 4 Assignment 1 Answer Template
The following assignment includes three sections consisting of:
1. z scores in SPSS.
2. Case studies of Type I and Type II errors.
3. Case studies of null hypothesis testing.
Additional notes:
· Answer in complete sentences.
8. · Follow APA rules for scholarly writing.
· Include a reference list if necessary.
· Save your answers and upload this template to the assignment
area for grading.
Section 1: z Scores in SPSS
A z score is typically analyzed when population mean (µ) and
population standard deviation (σ) are known. However, in SPSS,
we can still calculate z scores with the grades.sav data using the
sample mean (M) and sample standard deviation (s). To do this,
open grades.sav in SPSS. On the Analyze menu, point to
Descriptive Statistics, and then click Descriptives…
You will be calculating and interpreting z scores for the total
variable. In the Descriptives dialog box, move the total variable
into the Variable(s) box. Select the Save standardized values as
variables option and click OK.
SPSS provides descriptive statistics for total in the Output
window. SPSS also creates a new variable in the far right
column, labeled Ztotal, in the Data Editor area. Ztotal provides
a z score for each case on the total variable. You are now
prepared to answer the following Section 1 questions.Question 1
What is the sample mean (M) and sample standard deviation (s)
for total? You will use these values in Question 2 below.
[Answer here in complete sentences. Also insert the output
from SPSS here. Replace this prompt and the prompts below,
using as much space as necessary to answer questions.]
Question 2
A z score for this sample is calculated as [(X – M) ÷ s]. Locate
Case #53’s unstandardized total score (X) in the Data Editor. In
9. the formula below, replace X, M, s, and ? to show how the z
score in Ztotal is derived for Case #53.
(X – M ) ÷ s = ?Question 3
Run Descriptives… on Ztotal. What are the mean and standard
deviation of Ztotal? (Hint: “0E7” in SPSS is scientific notation
for 0). Are the mean and standard deviation what you would
expect? Justify your answer.
[Answer here in complete sentences. Also place the SPSS output
here.]
Question 4
Case number 6 has a Ztotal score of 1.51. What does a z value
of 1.51 represent?
[Answer here in complete sentences.]
Question 5
Identify the case with the lowest z score. Refer to Appendix A
in the Warner (2013) text. Interpret the percentile rank of this z
score rounded to whole numbers.
[Answer here in complete sentences.]
Question 6
Identify the case with the highest z score. Refer to Appendix A
in the Warner (2013) text. Interpret the percentile rank of this z
score rounded to whole numbers.
[Answer here in complete sentences.]Section 2: Cases Studies
of Type I and Type II Errors
Question 7
A jury must determine the guilt of a criminal defendant (not
10. guilty, guilty). Identify how the jury would make a correct
decision. Analyze how the jury would commit a Type I error
versus a Type II error.
[Answer here in complete sentences.]Question 8
An I/O psychologist asks employees to complete surveys
measuring job satisfaction and organizational citizenship
behavior. She intends to measure the strength of association
between these two variables. The researcher is concerned that
she will commit a Type I error. What research decision
influences the magnitude of risk of a Type I error in her study?
[Answer here in complete sentences]
Question 9
A clinical psychologist is studying the efficacy of a new drug
medication for depression. The study includes a placebo group
(no medication) versus a treatment group (new medication). He
then measures the differences in depressive symptoms across
the two groups.
What would a Type I error represent within the context of his
study? How can he reduce the risk of committing a Type I
error? How does this decision affect the risk of committing a
Type II error?
[Answer here in complete sentences.]
Section 3: Case Studies of Null Hypothesis TestingQuestion 10
You are running a series of statistical tests in SPSS using the
standard criterion for rejecting a null hypothesis. You obtain the
following p values.
Test 1 calculates group differences with a p value = .07.
Test 2 calculates the strength of association between two
variables with a p value = .50.
11. Test 3 calculates group differences with a p value = .001.
For each test below, state whether or not you reject the null
hypothesis. For each test, also explain what your decision
implies in terms of group differences (Test 1 and Test 3) and in
terms of the strength of association between two variables (Test
2).
Test 1 (group differences) =
Test 2 (strength of association) =
Test 3 (group differences) =
Question 11
A researcher calculates a statistical test and obtains a p value of
.86. He decides to reject the null hypothesis. Is this decision
correct, or has he committed a Type I or Type II error? Explain
your answer.
[Answer here in complete sentences]
Question 12
You are proposing a research study that you would like to
conduct while attending Capella University. During the
proposal, a committee member asks you to explain in your own
words what you meant by saying “p less than .05.” Provide an
explanation.
[Answer here in complete sentences]References
Provide references if necessary. This concludes Unit 4
Assignment 1. Save your answers and upload this template to
the assignment area.
Warner, R. M. (2013). Applied statistics: From bivariate
through multivariate techniques (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA:
Sage.
12. Quantitative/Mixed-Methods
American InterContinental University
March 27, 2018
Ist article
Condition Immigrant women’s involvements of maternity-care
amenities in Canada.
It uses forms of statistical strategies: qualitative, quantifiable or
mixed method(Higginbottom, Morgan, Alexandre, Chiu,
Forgeron, Kocay & Barolia, 2015).
The results showed that there needs to have a healthier
understanding of the aspects that produce discrepancies in
availability, adequacy and outcomes during parenthood care .
13. 2
2nd article
Article is Evidence based practice, research utilization, and
knowledge translation in chiropractic: a scoping review .
Methods used are expressive statistical and qualitative thematic
studies (Bussières, Al Zoubi, Stuber, French, Boruff, Corrigan
& Thomas, 2016).
The results are that Evidence based preparation (EBP) breaks
were eminent in the areas of valuation of activity restriction,
resolve of psychosocial aspects inducing pain, common health
pointers, forming a diagnosis, and implementation medicament
3
14. 3rd article
The article is what conclusions are connected with evolving
and executing co-produced intercessions in acute healthcare
sets? A quick evidence blend.
The method used is qualitative or quantitative data (Clarke,
Jones, Harris & Robert, 2017)
The results were for increased cost analysis will results to
enhanced health care of members of public. No studies
evaluated the sustainability of any variations made
4
4th article
The article is methodical evaluation of experts handling plans:
How can urban experts progress their eminence of life.
The methods used are qualitative, and mixed methods that are
utilized in single analyses (Barnett, Smith-Osborne & Barnett-
Braddock, 2016)
The results were veterans were able to acquire various coping
approaches and methods for overwhelming and adaptation to the
stresses of war through their military platform
15. 5
References
Barnett, T. M., Smith-Osborne, A., & Barnett-Braddock, F.
(2016). Systematic Review of Veterans' Coping Strategies: How
Can Rural Veterans Improve Their Quality of
Life?. Contemporary Rural Social Work, 8(2), 37-62.
Bussières, A. E., Al Zoubi, F., Stuber, K., French, S. D., Boruff,
J., Corrigan, J., & Thomas, A. (2016). Evidence-based practice,
research utilization, and knowledge translation in chiropractic:
a scoping review. BMC complementary and alternative
medicine, 16(1), 216.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1175-0
Clarke, D., Jones, F., Harris, R., & Robert, G. (2017). What
outcomes are associated with developing and implementing co-
produced interventions in acute healthcare settings? A rapid
evidence synthesis. BMJ open, 7(7), e014650.
Higginbottom, G. M., Morgan, M., Alexandre, M., Chiu, Y.,
Forgeron, J., Kocay, D., & Barolia, R. (2015). Immigrant
women’s experiences of maternity-care services in Canada: a
systematic review using a narrative synthesis. Systematic
reviews, 4(1), 13.
https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-13
16. Analyzing qualitative Research Papers
The Most Applicable Study Results from Four Articles in
Gerontology
American InterContinental University
March 20, 2018
Prevalence and severity of cognitive impairment with and
without dementia in an elderly population.
This study indicates that Cognitive Impairment, no Dementia
(CIND) has a prevalence rate of 16.8% in Canada.
All other forms of dementia combined have a prevalence rate of
8%.
Prevalence of all forms of cognitive impairment, including
dementia, seems to increase with increase in age.
These results can be used to plan on how to care for the older
people with dementia whose population is surging by the day.
Prevalence of Dementia in the United States: The Aging,
Demographics, and Memory Study
In the United States, about 13.9% of people aged above 71 years
were suffering from dementia and related complications in
2002.
Further, close to 9.7% of people aged 71 years and above were
suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
17. The prevalence of dementia and related diseases tend to
increase with increase in age.
These results, which are a representative of the whole American
aging population, can be used to strategize provision of health
services for older people with dementia.
The borderland between normal aging and dementia
In this research, the authors identified several sub-types of
people with MCI, and that the patients observed in the
community are different from those observed in the clinic.
Dementia or MCI diagnosis depends on both the interactions
between people and their environment, the sociocultural
context, as well as cognitive tests.
The study provides useful information for “studying cognitive
decline in relation to pathological changes in aging and
dementia”
Constructing Couples’ Stories: Narrative Practice Insights from
a Dyadic Dementia Intervention
Researchers in this article suggest that narrative therapeutic
methods have promises and challenges for social interventions
on couples where one of the partners is suffering from
dementia.
making use of narrative therapeutic methods are a good way of
dealing with the issue of memory loss in which one spouse has
the problem.
The results can be used to plan healthcare intervention for aging
couples where one partner is suffering from memory loss.
Running head: ANALYZING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
PAPERS 1
18. ANALYZING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PAPERS 7
Analyzing Qualitative Research Papers
American InterContinental University
March 20, 2018
Analyzing Qualitative Research Papers
Prevalence and severity of cognitive impairment with and
without dementia in an elderly population.
This study provides a detailed approximation of the prevalence
of a condition known as "cognitive impairment, no dementia"
(CIND) among the aging people. With the recognition that not
all individuals with impaired cognition have dementia, the
researchers in this study notes that most people who meet the
current standards for dementia have not been studied.
The population and sample used in this study were appropriate.
The population under investigation comprised of aging
19. Canadians aged above 65 years. The data was collected from 36
cities and their environs in five Canadian regions. Sample sizes
from each region comprised of 1800 individuals in the
community and 250 people from institutions (Graham, Beattie,
Rockwood, & Mcdowell, 1997). This data was a good
representation of the community under investigation.
The results indicated that CIND had a prevalence of 16.8%,
which is more than twice the percentage of all the other forms
of dementia combined (8%) in Canada. The occurrence of all
kinds of cognitive impairment, dementias included, tended to
increase with age. People suffering from CIND were thrice more
likely to be in institutions than those without the impairment. It
was also discovered that there is a 5.3% chance of finding a
patient with circumscribed memory in the Canadian elderly
population (Graham, Beattie, Rockwood, & Mcdowell, 1997).
CIND is frequently linked to functional disability, thus the need
for institutional care. The results in this study can be used to
make adequate plans on how to prepare to provide care for the
country’s older population which is increasingly developing
dementia-related complications.
Prevalence of Dementia in the United States: The Aging,
Demographics, and Memory Study
In this study, the researchers sought to estimate incidence of
Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias in the United States.
The subjects in the study comprised a sample that is
representative of the whole nation’s aging population. The
participants who were used as the memory study sample
comprised 856 people aged 71 years and above. The data was
obtained from the health and retirement study, which is a good
representative of the national population. The sample was
evaluated for dementia through a detailed in-home evaluation.
The fact that the sample comprised a representation of the old
people in the United States makes it an appropriate sample and
population.
After analyzing the data, the researchers found out that about
20. 3.4 million Americans (13.9%) aged 71 years and above were
suffering from dementia in 2002. For Alzheimer’s disease (AD),
the corresponding figure was 9.7% (2.4 million people aged 71
and above). They also observed that the prevalence of dementia
increased as a person grows older (at a rate of 5% for those
aged between 71-79 and 37.4% for those older than 90 years)
(Plassman, et al., 2007).
The authors concluded that the estimates about dementia
prevalence obtained from this population that represents
nationwide data provides sufficient information for planning.
Since the data was obtained from most parts of the country, it
can be effectively used to strategize for impending healthcare
for the increasing number of individuals with dementia. A key
limitation of this study was the difficulty in comparing
prevalence estimates across studies because of the variations in
age brackets reported (Plassman, et al., 2007).
The borderland between normal aging and dementia
In this article, the theoretical evolution of mild cognitive
impairment (MCI) is studied as being the boundary between
dementia and normal aging. The study then suggests that the
socio-cultural setting as well as the built environment are key in
formulating a dementia diagnosis. According to the article,
dementia is more than a medical term. It is believed that
cognitive impairment is a dynamic outcome of the way people
interact with challenges that are cognitive in nature. The study
does not seem to have a specific population to do analysis and
draw conclusions, but rather uses information from past
literature.
As a concept, MCI has been applied in attempts to identify
people suffering from AD early enough. This attempt echoes the
failure of numerous clinical trials for AD and the optimism that
treatment will be effective if administered early enough. The
researchers suggest several terms, MCI included, to connote the
phase of switch between dementia and normal aging. In this
21. research, the authors identified several sub-types of people with
MCI, and that the patients observed in the community are
different from those observed in the clinic. Dementia or MCI
diagnosis depends on both the interactions between people and
their environment, the sociocultural context, as well as
cognitive tests. The study provides useful information for
“studying cognitive decline in relation to pathological changes
in aging and dementia” (Lo, 2017). One limitation identified by
the researchers is the fact that there was a general lack of
understanding of the dynamics regarding AD biomarker, thus
making it hard to detect the condition early enough in old
people.
Constructing Couples’ Stories: Narrative Practice Insights from
a Dyadic Dementia Intervention
In this article, the authors investigate some of the challenges of
carrying out therapy that is narrative based on aging couples
suffering from memory loss. Dementia and memory loss can be
very devastating both to caregivers and patients. Researchers in
this article suggest that narrative therapeutic methods have
promises and challenges for social interventions on couples
where one of the partners is suffering from dementia (Scherrer,
Ingersoll-Dayton, & Spencer, 2014). This research used a
sample of 20 aging couples, making it not appropriate for
generalizing and making conclusions. The stories given by these
couples were used as case examples for the study. The
researchers conclude that making use of narrative therapeutic
methods are a good way of dealing with the issue of memory
loss in which one spouse has the problem. The results can be
used to plan healthcare intervention for aging couples where
one partner is suffering from memory loss. One limitation of
this study is its use of a very small sample.
Comparison of the results, conclusions, and applications among
all 4 studies
The first two studies seek to investigate the prevalence of
22. dementia among the American and Canadian aging population.
Both researches found out that the prevalence of dementia tends
to increase as people get older. The results from these studies
can be used to make adequate plans on how to prepare to
provide care for the country’s older population which is
increasingly developing dementia-related complications. In the
third study, the researchers find out that dementia or MCI
diagnosis depends on both the interactions between people and
their environment, the sociocultural context, as well as
cognitive tests. The study provides useful information for
“studying cognitive decline in relation to pathological changes
in aging and dementia.” The fourth study conclude that making
use narrative therapeutic methods are a good way of dealing
with the issue of memory loss in which one spouse has the
problem. Thus, this can be used as a therapy for the affected
partner.
References
Plassman, B. L., Langa, K. M., Fisher, G. G., Heeringa, S. G.,
Weir, D. R., Ofstedal, M. B., … Wallace, R. B. (2007).
Prevalence of Dementia in the United States: The Aging,
Demographics, and Memory Study. Neuroepidemiology, 29(1-
2), 125–132. http://doi.org/10.1159/000109998.
23. Graham, J. E., Beattie, B. L., Rockwood, K., & Mcdowell, I.
(1997). Prevalence and severity of cognitive impairment with
and without dementia in an elderly population. The Lancet.
349(9068)., 1793-1796.
Lo, R. Y. (2017). The borderland between normal aging and
dementia. CI Medical Journal. 29(2), 65–71.
Scherrer, K. S., Ingersoll-Dayton, B., & Spencer, B. (2014).
Constructing Couples’ Stories: Narrative Practice Insights from
a Dyadic Dementia Intervention. Clinical and Sociology Work
Journal. 42(1), 99–100.