http://www.eastagri.org/meetings/docs/meeting53/Qulity%20linked%20to%20GO%20and%20GI.ppt Quality linked to geographical origin and GIs, FAO (english)

1. Quality linked to
geographical origin and GIs
Lessons learnt from the world and presentation of the project
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2. OutlineOutline
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1. Origin-linked products, GIs and rural
development
2. What does FAO do in this domain
3. Presentation of the Croatian project
and team

3. Origin-linked products, GIsOrigin-linked products, GIs
and rural developmentand rural development
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4. ProductProduct
PeoplePeople
PlacePlace
GIGI
• Characterization of the
local race
• Elaboration of the code
of practice
• Protection of the GI and
marketing
Example: Chivito
Criollo del Norte
Neuquino, Argentina
local specific breed in arid
mountainous region (altitude
ranging from 600 to 2400 m)
Local natural
and human
resources:
soil, climate,
breed,
varieties,
know-how...
Motivations and
capacity to
engage a
collective
process
“we want the
young can stay
and live this
life”
Specific quality,
reputation in the
market
Linking People, Product and PlaceLinking People, Product and Place

5. International DefinitionsInternational Definitions
 TRIPS Agreement (1994)
 Geographical Indications identify a good as
originated in the territory of a Member, where a
given quality, reputation or other
characteristic of the good is essentially
attributable to its geographical origin
 153 WTO member states
 Lisbon Agreement (1958)
 Appellation of Origin is the geographical name of
a country, region, or locality, which serves to
designate a product originating therein, the
quality and characteristics of which are due
exclusively or essentially to the
geographical environment, including natural
and human factors.
 WIPO (158 member states)
 27 Contracting Parties
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“AO” defined by Lisbon
can be considered as a
category of “GI” defined
by TRIPS
GI are considered to be
intellectual property
rights, and members
countries have to provide
legal tools to protect
these rights.

6. AdvantagesAdvantages
Economic Pillar
Environmental Pillar
 protection against fraud (legal protection);
 access to niche markets;
 adding value;
 reducing market price fluctuations;
 redistribution along value chain;
 benefits from collective action;
 maintain added value in the production areas
 Etc.
 awareness and sustainable use of natural
resources
 preservation of biodiversity,
 Etc.
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Social Pillar
 self esteem and its indirect effects (power of
negotiation/rights defense);
 preservation of cultural heritage;
 job opportunities;
 positive effects on tourism.
 Etc.
Consumers’ side
 social expectations
 food diversity
 guaranties about quality, origin and
production process
 Etc.

7. Varieties of GIs in the worldVarieties of GIs in the world
 Geographical scope
 What products
 Protection and Property
 governmental standard (public policy) or private standard according
the country...
 sui generis protection : 167 including the EU
 TradeMark systems : 56 nations (a number use both)
 Conformity assessment systems
 Exigencies
 And varieties of impact...
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8. “GIs” in the world
PGI Longkou Fen Si
AOP safran de Taliouine
Littoral Norte Gaucho rice AO
Banana of Costa Rica
Apples of Sbiba

9. NationalNational
levellevel
(intern.)(intern.)
Regulation
legal and
institutional
framework
GI : Public recognition and protection
•Legal framework: Assessment, Registration,
Protection
•Enabling environment at local level: support to local
implementation, consumer information, …
Action atAction at
locallocal
levellevel
Voluntary
approach,
private sector
driven
IP related to a territory/community of firms:
- Demonstration of the specific link between the product and
the territory
- share a definition of the specific quality
- manage the GI system
intermediary actors andintermediary actors and institutionsinstitutions
Joint public-private and 2 levels actionsJoint public-private and 2 levels actions
one origin-linked product = one specific code of practiceone origin-linked product = one specific code of practice

10. Lessons learnt – Local
 Not an automatic tool...
 Impacts depend on local resources and process; not on
registration as such
 Collective approach and appropriation
 Organization: representativeness and GI management
 Code of practice / participative, shared definition
 Market and partners identified (niche market with added value)
 Identification of local resources for preservation of specific quality and
heritage
 Major constraints:
 long term approach
 Capacities
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11. Lessons learnt – institutional
New area that requires:
 Clear and sound legal and institutional framework
 Assessment and protection as IPR
 Policies to promote GI with a positive impact on rural development
 Coordination systems between different sectors, levels and
capacities
 Importance of consumer information
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12. What does FAO do in thisWhat does FAO do in this
domain?domain?
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13. FAO Goals
 ensuring a world in which all people have sufficient safe and nutritious food that meet
dietray needs and food preferences
 eliminating poverty, driving forward economic and social progress , enhanced rural
development and sustainable livelihoods
 ensuring sustainable management and utilization of natural ressources (land, water,
climate, genetic resources…)
GIs among other market tools and stanadrds can contribute to attain these
goals
Recent and quick development of GIs over the world 1994:
 Development of a multilateral legal framework for GIs within the WTO
 national heritage: importance of promoting and protecting it
BackgroundBackground

14. Quality & Origin projectQuality & Origin project
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www. foodquality-origin.org
 Main objective: to assist Member Countries and
stakeholders in developing Specific quality schemes.
 Framework:
 project launched in 2007
 development of technical cooperation projects
 Specific focus on origin-linked quality

15. ActivitiesActivities
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 Guidance tools and studies:
 regional seminars, expert meetings, networking
 Regional workshop "Food Quality Linked to Origin and Traditions in
Southeastern European countries“, Belgrade, December 2008
 Case studies (South-eastern European: Užićka Goveća Pršuta, Serbia; Livno Cheese -
Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bean of Tetovo - Tetovski Krav, FYROM)
 Develop support (practical) tools, sensitization, communication
 Technical cooperation projects:
 According to requests
 Combining support to
 institutional (and legal when necessary) framework (national, regional)
 pilot products (product, organization, value chain, market...)

16. Guide Linking People, Places andGuide Linking People, Places and
ProductsProducts
 FAO/SINER-GI
 Road map for
activating a local
sustainable process in
which GI can play a role for
economic development and
social/environmental
preservation
 Step by step approach
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17. List of Technical Cooperation projectsList of Technical Cooperation projects
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COUNTRY DURATION OBJECT
Morocco 2008-2010
Support to development and the implementation of a recognition system for specific
quality signs and origin-based labels in Morocco.
Tunisia 2008-2010
Support to development and implementation of a control system for origin-based quality
products
Tunisia 2008-2010
Elaboration of a national strategy: “promotion of a strategy for the valorization of quality
products”
Morocco 2008-2011
Capacity-building of the local stakeholders to develop mountain quality products –
Example of Saffron
Lebanon 2009 Development of a GI for the Labneh value-chain
Bhutan 2009-2010
Establishment of a national strategy for promotion and preservation of specific quality
products: the case of Yak products
Chili, Argentina, Brazil,
Equator, Costa Rica
2010-2012
Regional Technical Cooperation Project on origin-based and tradition-based quality of
food products
Ukraine Jan-Aug 2010 Assessment of GI potential and its realization in support of rural development
Croatia 2009 – ongoing Formulation of GI project – starting in 2011
Mali 2009- ongoing
Supporting producers’ organization for a better exploitation of productions in the circles
of Bandiagara and Menaka
Guinea Bissau, Mali,
Senegal Sierra Leone
2009- ongoing
Promoting origin-linked quality products in four African countries ( in collaboration with
Slow Food)
Thailand, Vietnam,
Cambodia, Laos
Formulation Support to the implementation of GIs
Mexico 2010
Assessment of specific and generic quality of Cotija cheese for specification and food
safety
Turkey Formulation Preservation and promotion of traditional cheese – Assessment for Gis

18. Presentation of the projectPresentation of the project
in Croatiain Croatia
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19. Background
 Regional seminar for Southeastern European countries,
Belgrade dec. 2008
 Importance of origin-linked products for rural development, and market
potential
 Bottlenecks: value-chain and market access, guarantees systems, lack of
awareness and public-private governance
 EBRD-FAO support to a pilot project in the area of GIs in
Croatia in collaboration with
 The public authorities: ministry of agriculture fisheries and rural
development
 An economic partner, processing and selling a number of origin-linked
products in the region, Agrokor
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20. FrameworkFramework
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 Objectives: support development of sustainable GIs in Croatia by
 enhancing the capacity of public actors in supporting GI development and
protection, and strengthening dialogue and cooperation with producers
 enhancing marketing organization and development of GI strategies along the
value chain and within the territory
 Supporting qualification of GI products
 Framework:
 project launched in January 2011, 2 years
 National activities and 2 pilot cases
 Team:
 FAO, EBRD
 MAFRD
 Agrokor
 REDD association
 Other national and international experts

21. National capacities and raising
awareness
 Trainings of national commission members and all involved
institutional stakeholders
 Identification of origin-linked products and assessment of GI
 Protection and control of GIs
 Coordination between sectors and levels and synergies between
programs
 Elaboration of communication material to raise consumers
and producers awareness : leaflet, promotional video
 Guidelines for implementation of GI at local level “Linking
People Products and Place”
 National conference at the end of the project
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22. Pilot cases
Baranya kulen
 “Qualification” : finalization of specification and control plan for
official recognition
 Building capacities of the GI association,
 Training on basic requirements,
 Study tour (Italy, Parma)
 “Remuneration”: marketing and system of control
 Training of the GI association on marketing and plan of control
 Training Handbook for Baranya kulen production
 market study in European countries
 participation in international fair
 promotional leaflet
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23. Pilot cases
Mandarin of Neretva
 “Identification” : specific quality linked to geographical origin and
mobilization
 Determination of specific properties of mandarin fruit by Agrokor
/University of Zagreb
 Training and study tour (Italy)
 Studies: consumer survey and assessment of production system
 “Qualification”:
 Support to elaboration of specifications by producers in a participative
approach
 Building capacity of GI association, training
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24. www. foodquality-origin.org
Emilie Vandecandelaere
Food and Agriculture Organisation of UN
Service de la qualité des aliments et des normes alimentaires (AGND)
emilie.vandecandelaere@fao.org
Tel: +39 06 570 56 210
Thank you