The document discusses factors contributing to garbage accumulation using a Pareto chart. The Pareto chart shows that the top three factors are lack of civic sense in people (28%), lack of dustbins (48%), and improper disposal of non-biodegradable products (62%). Other factors include inadequate measures by local government, seasonal effects, and natural calamities. The document also discusses reasons for lack of civic sense, such as habituation to littering and a perception that cleanliness is not their responsibility. Improper garbage disposal leads to problems like unclean environment, spread of diseases, and water logging.

1. Presented by-
Renuka Ganesh
Sanika Raut
Khushboo Kothari

2. • A pareto chart is a type of chart that contains both bars and a line graph, where
individual values are represented in descending order by bars, and the cumulative
total is represented by the line.
• The purpose of the Pareto chart is to highlight the most important among a
typically large set of factors. In quality control it often represents the most
common sources of defects, the highest occurring type of defect, or the most
frequent reasons for customer complaints, and so on .
• The left vertical axis is the frequency of occurrence but it can alternatively
represent cost or another important unit of measure. The right vertical axis is the
cumulative percentage of the total number of occurrences, total cost, or total of
the particular unit of measure. Because the reasons are in decreasing order, the
cumulative function is a concave function.

3. • The Pareto chart provides a graphic depiction of the Pareto principle, a theory
maintaining that 80% of the output in a given situation or system is produced by
20% of the input.
• While it is common to refer to pareto principle as "80/20" rule, under the
assumption that, in all situations, 20% of causes determine 80% of problems.
• This principle serves as a general reminder that the relationship between inputs
and outputs is not balanced. For example, the efforts of 20% of a corporation’s
staff could drive 80% of the firm’s profits. In terms of personal time management,
80% of your work related output could come from only 20% of your time at work.

4. By observation and through survey,
the factors leading to garbage
accumulation are -
 Lack of civic sense in people: In spite
of having number of dustbins and
number of initiatives undertaken by
the government and NGOs, people
are least bothered about cleanliness.
 Lack of dustbins in a particular
locality: This factor mainly affects
rural areas and leads to garbage
accumulation.

5. Irresponsible workforce: The staff responsible for
cleaning the garbage, do not take their work
seriously and are responsible for garbage
accumulation sometimes.
Seasonal changes: During rainy season, the
cleaners are unable to clean the garbage properly
and its accumulation leads to choking of drainage
systems and water-logging. This causes breeding of
mosquitoes and other insects leading to spread of
diseases like malaria, dengue etc.
Inadequate measures adopted by BMC: During
natural calamities, faster and better techniques are
required.

6. Natural calamities: Earthquakes, cyclones leads to
garbage accumulation for sometime.
 Improper disposal of non-biodegradable products:
The industries and hospitals dispose their end products
directly into the streams which leads to garbage
accumulation in sea and causes water pollution.
Improper facilities provided by BMC: The garbage
should be collected from home to home and working
areas and should be disposed at proper place with
suitable technique.

7. FACTORS COUNT CUMULATIVE CUMULATIVE %
Lack of civic sense in people 37 37 28.03
Lack of dustbins in a particular locality 26 63 47.72
Improper disposal of non-degradable products 19 82 62.12
Improper facilities provided by BMC 15 97 73.48
Irresponsible workforce 14 111 84.09
seasonal changes 8 119 90.15
Inadequate measures adopted by BMC 7 126 95.45
Natural calamities 6 132 100.00

8. 0
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COUNT
CUMULATIVE %

9. • 2)Lack of responsibility: People are busy in their day to day life, their household work,
their office work etc and they do this work because they feel it's their responsibility to
do so. But when it comes to keeping their own city clean, it doesn't come under their
responsibility. People feel it's only the work of municipal corporations to keep the city
clean. But it is not possible for the municipal corporations to do this job alone. Hence it
is very important that each and every person must understand his duty and also make
others understand if they seem to lack it.
• 3)Lax attitude towards rules: Our constitution has many sets of rules and regulations
which one has to follow or else he is punished accordingly. It is, however, observed that
people do not pay much heed to rules related to cleanliness and pollution prevention.
• 4)Considered a low man's job: We have got this stereotype that only an uneducated
man would work as a garbage cleaner. But in many foreign countries well educated
people work as garbage cleaners for community service. But sadly, we have no such
association and we can only hope that we have one in the near future!

10. There are many reasons which account for the improper disposal of garbage or sadly no
disposal of garbage.
The main reason behind this is the lack of civic sense in people. For any law or any rule
to work out it is important that every person should follow it. It should be reached out
to the grass level. But why do people lack civic sense? Here are some reasons behind it.
• 1) Habituated to this malpractice: Whenever any person eats any food item they
throw away the food wrapper on the road itself as if there is nothing wrong in it.
They throw fruit and vegetable peels saying "It's biodegradable , nature will clean it
naturally." But this is not thing to be done because it further leads to many
problems which will be discussed in the next segment.

11. Problems caused to lack of civic sense in people are:
1)Unclean environment: Due to garbage being littered all around the place the
environment is very unclean with foul smell thus stealing the natural ethnicity of the
place.
2)Diseases: Garbage acts as a breeding ground for mosquitoes and many other insects
thus leading to diseases like dengue, malaria, typhoid and even outbreak of many
epidemics!
3)Water Logging: Littering of roads with garbage results in blocking of roads and
drains which causes water logging and traffic jam, thus there is huge loss of natural
resources.

12. From this challenge, we learnt -
• Using the pareto diagram
• The importance of proper disposal of garbage
• The cons of garbage accumulation.