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.
METHODS DESCRIPTION
copy() They copy() method returns a shallow copy of the dictionary.
clear() The clear() method removes all items from the dictionary.
pop() Removes and returns an element from a dictionary having the given key.
popitem() Removes the arbitrary key-value pair from the dictionary and returns it as tuple.
get() It is a conventional method to access a value for a key.
dictionary_name.values() returns a list of all the values available in a given dictionary.
str() Produces a printable string representation of a dictionary.
update() Adds dictionary dict2’s key-values pairs to dict
setdefault() Set dict[key]=default if key is not already in dict
keys() Returns list of dictionary dict’s keys
items() Returns a list of dict’s (key, value) tuple pairs
has_key() Returns true if key in dictionary dict, false otherwise
fromkeys() Create a new dictionary with keys from seq and values set to value.
type() Returns the type of the passed variable.
cmp() Compares elements of both dict.
در این جلسه از کلاس به ساختار های داده
Set, Tuple, Dictionary
پرداختیم
PySec101 Fall 2013 J3E1 By Mohammad Reza Kamalifard
Talk About :
Sets,Tuples and Dictionary Data Types in Python
This presentation is all about various built in
datastructures which we have in python.
List
Dictionary
Tuple
Set
and various methods present in each data structure
METHODS DESCRIPTION
copy() They copy() method returns a shallow copy of the dictionary.
clear() The clear() method removes all items from the dictionary.
pop() Removes and returns an element from a dictionary having the given key.
popitem() Removes the arbitrary key-value pair from the dictionary and returns it as tuple.
get() It is a conventional method to access a value for a key.
dictionary_name.values() returns a list of all the values available in a given dictionary.
str() Produces a printable string representation of a dictionary.
update() Adds dictionary dict2’s key-values pairs to dict
setdefault() Set dict[key]=default if key is not already in dict
keys() Returns list of dictionary dict’s keys
items() Returns a list of dict’s (key, value) tuple pairs
has_key() Returns true if key in dictionary dict, false otherwise
fromkeys() Create a new dictionary with keys from seq and values set to value.
type() Returns the type of the passed variable.
cmp() Compares elements of both dict.
در این جلسه از کلاس به ساختار های داده
Set, Tuple, Dictionary
پرداختیم
PySec101 Fall 2013 J3E1 By Mohammad Reza Kamalifard
Talk About :
Sets,Tuples and Dictionary Data Types in Python
This presentation is all about various built in
datastructures which we have in python.
List
Dictionary
Tuple
Set
and various methods present in each data structure
Q.1 A single plate clutch with both sides of the plate effective is required to transmit 25 kW at 1600 r.p.m. The outer diameter of the plate is limited to 300 mm and the intensity of pressure between the plates not to exceed 0.07N / m * m ^ 2 Assuming uniform wear and coefficient of friction 0.3, find the inner diameter of the plates and the axial force necessary to engage the clutch.
Q.2 A multiple disc clutch has radial width of the friction material as 1/5th of the maximum radius. The coefficient of friction is 0.25. Find the total number of discs required to transmit 60 kW at 3000 r.p.m. The maximum diameter of the clutch is 250 mm and the axial force is limited to 600 N. Also find the mean unit pressure on each contact surface.
Q.3 A cone clutch is to be designed to transmit 7.5 kW at 900 r.p.m. The cone has a face angle of 12°. The width of the face is half of the mean radius and the normal pressure between the contact faces is not to exceed 0.09 N/mm². Assuming uniform wear and the coefficient of friction between the contact faces as 0.2, find the main dimensions of the clutch and the axial force required to engage the clutch.
Q.4 A cone clutch is mounted on a shaft which transmits power at 225 r.p.m. The small diameter of the cone is 230 mm, the cone face is 50 mm and the cone face makes an angle of 15 deg with the horizontal. Determine the axial force necessary to engage the clutch to transmit 4.5 kW if the coefficient of friction of the contact surfaces is 0.25. What is the maximum pressure on the contact surfaces assuming uniform wear?
Q.5 A soft surface cone clutch transmits a torque of 200 N-m at 1250 r.p.m. The larger diameter of the clutch is 350 mm. The cone pitch angle is 7.5 deg and the face width is 65 mm. If the coefficient of friction is 0.2. find:
1. the axial force required to transmit the torque:
2. the axial force required to engage the clutch;
3. the average normal pressure on the contact surfaces when the maximum torque is being transmitted; and
4. the maximum normal pressure assuming uniform wear.
Q.6 A single block brake, as shown in Fig. 1. has the drum diameter 250 mm. The angle of contact is 90° and the coefficient of friction between the drum and the lining is 0.35. If the torque transmitted by the brake is 70 N-m, find the force P required to operate the brake. Q.7 The layout and dimensions of a double shoe brake is shown in Fig. 2. The diameter of the
brake drum is 300 mm and the contact angle for each shoe is 90°. If the coefficient of friction for the brake lining and the drum is 0.4, find the spring force necessary to transmit a torque of 30 N-m. Also determine the width of the brake shoes, if the bearing pressure on the lining material is not to exceed 0.28N / m * m ^ 2
Natalia Rutkowska - BIM School Course in Krakówbim.edu.pl
Teaching effects after 128 hours of Building Information Modeling course in Cracow, Poland. Natalia works in Revit, Navisworks and Dynamo for BIM Coordination position. More https://bim.edu.pl or https://bimedu.eu
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Fruit shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The export maintenance system is a fully featured application that can help we manage fruit delivery business and achieve more control and information at a very low cost of total ownership.
A fruit export maintains automatically monitors purchase, sales, supplier information. The system includes receiving fruit from the different supplier. Customer order is placed in the system, based on the order fruit has been sales to the customer.
The report contains the details about product, purchase, sales, stock, and invoice. The main objective of this project is to computerize the company activities and to provide details about the production process at the fruit export maintenance system.
The demand of fresh fruit fruits and processed food items in international and domestic market has shown a decent increase. This estimation is creating a necessity for growing more and more fruit fruits to cater the growing demand of domestic & international market.
The customers effectively and hence help for establishing good relation between customer and fruit shop organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining fruit and stock information accurately and safely.
When the fruits are sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting fruits for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
The proposed project is developed to manage the fruit shop in the fruits for shop. The first module is the login. The admin should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
This document is by explosives industry in which document discussed manufacturing process and flow charts details by nitric acid and sulfuric acid and tetra benzene and step by step details of explosive industry explosives industry is produced raw materials and manufacture it by manufacturing process
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Laundry management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Laundry firms currently use a manual system for the management and maintenance of critical information. The current system requires numerous paper forms, with data stores spread throughout the laundry management infrastructure. Often information is incomplete or does not follow management standards. Records are often lost in transit during computation requiring a comprehensive auditing process to ensure that no vital information is lost. Multiple copies of the same information exist in the laundry firm data and may lead to inconsistencies in data in various data stores.
A significant part of the operation of any laundry firm involves the acquisition, management and timely retrieval of great volumes of information. This information typically involves; customer personal information and clothing records history, user information, price of delivery and received date, users scheduling as regards customers details and dealings in service rendered, also our products package waiting list. All of this information must be managed in an efficient and cost wise fashion so that the organization resources may be effectively utilized.
We present the design and implementation of a laundry database management system (LBMS) used in a laundry establishment. Laundry firms are usually faced with difficulties in keeping detailed records of customers clothing; this little problem as seen to most laundry firms is highly discouraging as customers are filled with disappointments, arising from issues such as customer clothes mix-ups and untimely retrieval of clothes. The aim of this application is to determine the number of clothes collected, in relation to their owners, as this also helps the users fix a date for the collection of their clothes. Also customer’s information is secured, as a specific id is allocated per registration to avoid contrasting information.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
2. Programming
• Algorithm
- A set of rules or steps used to solve a problem
• Data Structure
- A particular way of organizing data in a computer
In Python, sequences are data structures that hold a collection of items,
elements, or values, where each item has a unique index. Common built-
in sequence types in Python include lists, tuples, and strings.
3. What is Not a “Collection”?
Most of our variables have one value in them - when we put a new
value in the variable, the old value is overwritten
$ python
>>> x = 2
>>> x = 4
>>> print(x)
4
4. A List is a Kind of
Collection
• A collection allows us to put many values in a single “variable”
• A collection is nice because we can carry all many values
around in one convenient package.
friends = [ 'Joseph', 'Glenn', 'Sally' ]
carryon = [ 'socks', 'shirt', 'perfume' ]
5. List Constants
• List constants are surrounded by
square brackets and the elements
in the list are separated by
commas
• A list element can be any Python
object - even another list
• A list can be empty
>>> print([1, 24, 76])
[1, 24, 76]
>>> print(['red', 'yellow',
'blue'])
['red', 'yellow', 'blue']
>>> print(['red', 24, 98.6])
['red', 24, 98.6]
>>> print([ 1, [5, 6], 7])
[1, [5, 6], 7]
>>> print([])
[]
6. We Already Use Lists!
for i in [5, 4, 3, 2, 1] :
print(i)
print('Blastoff!')
5
4
3
2
1
Blastoff!
7. Lists and Definite Loops - Best Pals
friends = ['Joseph', 'Glenn', 'Sally']
for friend in friends :
print('Happy New Year:', friend)
print('Done!')
Happy New Year: Joseph
Happy New Year: Glenn
Happy New Year: Sally
Done!
z = ['Joseph', 'Glenn', 'Sally']
for x in z:
print('Happy New Year:', x)
print('Done!')
8. Looking Inside Lists
Just like strings, we can get at any single element in a list using an
index specified in square brackets
0
Joseph
>>> friends = [ 'Joseph', 'Glenn', 'Sally' ]
>>> print(friends[1])
Glenn
>>>
1
Glenn
2
Sally
9. Lists are Mutable
• Strings are “immutable” - we
cannot change the contents of a
string - we must make a new string
to make any change
• Lists are “mutable” - we can
change an element of a list using
the index operator
>>> fruit = 'Banana'
>>> fruit[0] = 'b'
Traceback
TypeError: 'str' object does not
support item assignment
>>> x = fruit.lower()
>>> print(x)
banana
>>> lotto = [2, 14, 26, 41, 63]
>>> print(lotto)
[2, 14, 26, 41, 63]
>>> lotto[2] = 28
>>> print(lotto)
[2, 14, 28, 41, 63]
10. How Long is a List?
• The len() function takes a list as a
parameter and returns the number
of elements in the list
• Actually len() tells us the number of
elements of any set or sequence
(such as a string...)
>>> greet = 'Hello Bob'
>>> print(len(greet))
9
>>> x = [ 1, 2, 'joe', 99]
>>> print(len(x))
4
>>>
11. Using the range Function
• The range function returns
a list of numbers that range
from zero to one less than
the parameter
• We can construct an index
loop using for and an
integer iterator
>>> print(range(4))
[0, 1, 2, 3]
>>> friends = ['Joseph', 'Glenn', 'Sally']
>>> print(len(friends))
3
>>> print(list(range(len(friends))))
[0, 1, 2]
>>>
12. A Tale of Two Loops...
friends = ['Joseph', 'Glenn', 'Sally']
for friend in friends :
print('Happy New Year:', friend)
for i in range(len(friends)) :
friend = friends[i]
print('Happy New Year:', friend) Happy New Year: Joseph
Happy New Year: Glenn
Happy New Year: Sally
>>> friends = ['Joseph', 'Glenn', 'Sally']
>>> print(len(friends))
3
>>> print(list(range(len(friends))))
[0, 1, 2]
>>>
13. Concatenating Lists Using +
We can create a new list
by adding two existing
lists together
>>> a = [1, 2, 3]
>>> b = [4, 5, 6]
>>> c = a + b
>>> print(c)
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
>>> print(a)
[1, 2, 3]
14. Lists Can Be Sliced Using :
>>> t = [9, 41, 12, 3, 74, 15]
>>> t[1:3]
[41,12]
>>> t[:4]
[9, 41, 12, 3]
>>> t[3:]
[3, 74, 15]
>>> t[:]
[9, 41, 12, 3, 74, 15]
Remember: Just like in
strings, the second
number is “up to but not
including”
16. Building a List from Scratch
• We can create an empty list
and then add elements using
the append method
• The list stays in order and
new elements are added at
the end of the list
>>> stuff = list()
>>> stuff.append('book')
>>> stuff.append(99)
>>> print(stuff)
['book', 99]
>>> stuff.append('cookie')
>>> print(stuff)
['book', 99, 'cookie']
17. Is Something in a List?
• Python provides two operators
that let you check if an item is
in a list
• These are logical operators
that return True or False
• They do not modify the list
>>> some = [1, 9, 21, 10, 16]
>>> 9 in some
True
>>> 15 in some
False
>>> 20 not in some
True
>>>
18. Lists are in Order
• A list can hold many
items and keeps
those items in the
order until we do
something to change
the order
• A list can be sorted
(i.e., change its order)
• The sort method
(unlike in strings)
means “sort yourself”
>>> friends = [ 'Joseph', 'Glenn', 'Sally' ]
>>> friends.sort()
>>> print(friends)
['Glenn', 'Joseph', 'Sally']
>>> print(friends[1])
Joseph
>>>
19. Built-in Functions and Lists
• There are a number of
functions built into Python
that take lists as
parameters
• Remember the loops we
built? These are much
simpler.
>>> nums = [3, 41, 12, 9, 74, 15]
>>> print(len(nums))
6
>>> print(max(nums))
74
>>> print(min(nums))
3
>>> print(sum(nums))
154
>>> print(sum(nums)/len(nums))
25.6
20. numlist = list()
while True :
inp = input('Enter a number: ')
if inp == 'done' : break
value = float(inp)
numlist.append(value)
average = sum(numlist) / len(numlist)
print('Average:', average)
total = 0
count = 0
while True :
inp = input('Enter a number: ')
if inp == 'done' : break
value = float(inp)
total = total + value
count = count + 1
average = total / count
print('Average:', average)
Enter a number: 3
Enter a number: 9
Enter a number: 5
Enter a number: done
Average: 5.66666666667
21. Best Friends: Strings and Lists
>>> abc = 'With three words'
>>> stuff = abc.split()
>>> print(stuff)
['With', 'three', 'words']
>>> print(len(stuff))
3
>>> print(stuff[0])
With
>>> print(stuff)
['With', 'three', 'words']
>>> for w in stuff :
... print(w)
...
With
Three
Words
>>>
Split breaks a string into parts and produces a list of strings. We think of these
as words. We can access a particular word or loop through all the words.
22. >>> line = 'A lot of spaces'
>>> etc = line.split()
>>> print(etc)
['A', 'lot', 'of', 'spaces']
>>>
>>> line = 'first;second;third'
>>> thing = line.split()
>>> print(thing)
['first;second;third']
>>> print(len(thing))
1
>>> thing = line.split(';')
>>> print(thing)
['first', 'second', 'third']
>>> print(len(thing))
3
>>>
● When you do not specify a
delimiter, multiple spaces are
treated like one delimiter
● You can specify what delimiter
character to use in the splitting
23. fhand = open('mbox-short.txt')
for line in fhand:
line = line.rstrip()
if not line.startswith('From ') : continue
words = line.split()
print(words[2])
Sat
Fri
Fri
Fri
...
From stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za Sat Jan 5 09:14:16 2008
>>> line = 'From stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za Sat Jan 5 09:14:16 2008'
>>> words = line.split()
>>> print(words)
['From', 'stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za', 'Sat', 'Jan', '5', '09:14:16', '2008']
>>>
24. The Double Split Pattern
Sometimes we split a line one way, and then grab one of the pieces
of the line and split that piece again
From stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za Sat Jan 5 09:14:16 2008
words = line.split()
email = words[1]
print pieces[1]
25. The Double Split Pattern
stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za
From stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za Sat Jan 5 09:14:16 2008
words = line.split()
email = words[1]
print pieces[1]
26. The Double Split Pattern
['stephen.marquard', 'uct.ac.za']
From stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za Sat Jan 5 09:14:16 2008
words = line.split()
email = words[1]
pieces = email.split('@')
print pieces[1]
stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za
27. The Double Split Pattern
['stephen.marquard', 'uct.ac.za']
From stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za Sat Jan 5 09:14:16 2008
words = line.split()
email = words[1]
pieces = email.split('@')
print(pieces[1])
stephen.marquard@uct.ac.za
'uct.ac.za'
28. List Summary
• Concept of a collection
• Lists and definite loops
• Indexing and lookup
• List mutability
• Functions: len, min, max, sum
• Slicing lists
• List methods: append, remove
• Sorting lists
• Splitting strings into lists of words
• Using split to parse strings
29. Acknowledgements / Contributions
These slides are Copyright 2010- Charles R. Severance
(www.dr-chuck.com) of the University of Michigan School of
Information and open.umich.edu and made available under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Please maintain this
last slide in all copies of the document to comply with the
attribution requirements of the license. If you make a change,
feel free to add your name and organization to the list of
contributors on this page as you republish the materials.
Initial Development: Charles Severance, University of Michigan
School of Information
… Insert new Contributors and Translators here
...