The document provides an overview of the culture of Punjab, Pakistan. It discusses the history of Punjab and covers key aspects of its cultural heritage including languages, religion, dresses, sports, wedding traditions, music, literature, folklore, festivals, art and crafts, food, and dances. Punjab has a rich cultural tradition shaped by influences from its diverse population over centuries. Some highlights mentioned are the Sufi poetry of Shah Hussain and Bulleh Shah, folk tales like Heer Ranjha, colorful festivals such as Basant Panchami and Baisakhi, handicrafts including phulkari embroidery and basket weaving, and signature dishes like sarson ka saag.

1. Culture of Punjab

2. Group
Members:
 Warda Aqeel Khan
 Areeba Bibi
 Rehana Bibi
 Fatima Zeb

3. First Part Covered By:
Warda Aqeel Khan

4. What is culture ?
""Culture has been defined in a number of ways, but most
simply, as the learned and shared behavior of a community of
interacting human beings" (p. 169).
Useem, J., & Useem, R. (1963). Human Organizations, 22(3).

5. History of Punjab:
 Punjab has an area of 205,344 km2 (79,284 sq mi) it is the 2nd largest province
after Balochistan .
 In 1955 due to the rising tensions between East and West Pakistan, Punjab lost
it province status.
 1972 however, following the secession of East Pakistan and formation of
Bangladesh, it regained its standing.
 Home to one of the most ancient civilizations. (Harappa Civilization)
 Dravidians
 Aryans (1800-1500 BCE)
 Rishis names this land Sapta Sindhu, the land of seven rivers.
 Sapta (means seven in Vedic Sanskrit/Sanskrit
 Sindhu (Sanskrit means sea).

6.  The seven rivers mentioned in the Rig-Veda are :
Indus Vitasta (Vehit/Jhelum)
Asikni (Chenab) Prusni/Eravati (Ravi)
Vipasha (Beas) Sutudri (Sutlej)
Sarasvati (which dried up).
 Another name of Punjab was Madra or Madra Desa.
 Greek armies led by Alexander invaded Punjab in the 4th century. They
called it Penta Potamia, five rivers.
 The word Punjab as the name of our region appears for the first time in
the travelogue of Muslim traveler Ibne-Batuta who came to India in the
14th century.
 Panj means (five), and Aab (in Persian) means rivers.

7. Cultural Heritage:
The cultural heritage are the cultural resources of an area such as language and
customs of the residents but also resources and activities as for instance:
 Language and Religion
 Dresses
 Sports
 Wedding Tradition
 Music
 Literature
 Folklore
 Festivals
 Art and crafts
 Architecture
 Cuisine
 Dance

8. Languages & Religion:
 Punjabi is the most widely spoken language in Punjab.
 Other languages are English, Urdu, and Saraiki.
 The population of Punjab (Pakistan) is estimated to be between 85%-95%
Muslim with a Sunni majority and Shia minority.
 The largest non-Muslim minority is estimated to be Christians, who are
thought to make up 3-5% of the population.
 Other minorities include Hindus, Sikhs, Parsis, Bah'ai, Ismalis and the
Ahmadis.

9. References:
 http://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-optional-subjects/group-
vii/sociology/8613-various-definitions-culture.html
 https://www.dawn.com/news/1154588
 https://punjab.gov.pk/about_punjab_history#:~:text=The%20population%2
0of%20Punjab%20had,the%20region%20from%201524%2D1739.
 https://ling-app.com/pa/languages-in-
punjab/#:~:text=Considering%20Punjabi%20as%20the%20predominant,M
ajhi%2C%20Doabi%2C%20and%20Malwai.

10. Rehana Bibi

11. 1. Sheikh Farid(Baba Farid).
2. Guru Nanak Dev Ji
3.Guru Arjan Ji
4.Bhai Gurudas
5.Shah Hussain
6.Guru Gobind Singh Ji
7.Bulleh Shah
8.Waris Shah
PUNJABI LITERATURE

12. Sheikh Farid Dev Ji (1173-1256):
 Fariduddin Ganjshakar
 Ganj-I-Shakar
 Born in 1173 at village Kothewal, 10 km from Multan
 Father name Jamal-ud-din Suleiman
 He moved to Delhi where learn Islamic doctrine from
Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki.
 After the death of guru, he is successor spiritual
 Shrien darbar is located Pakpattan

13. Guru Nanak Dev
Ji
(1469-1539)
He is the funder of Sikhism.
He was great poet and his
composition incorporated vocabulary
from Sanskrit, Persian and other Indic
language.
He write 947 hymns
oJapji Sahib
oAsa-Di-Var
oBara-Mah
oSidh-Gosht
oOnkar(Dakhani)

14. Guru Arjan Dev Ji (1563-1606):
Guru Arjan Ji was a Prolific poet and
composed 2,218 hymns
Composition
• Adi Granth
• Sukhmani Sahib
• Barah Akhar
• Majjh

15. Bhai Gurdas (1551-1636):
 Bhai gurdas was an influential Sikh, figure, writer,
historian and preacher.
 At the 12 aged he was adopted by Guru Amar Das.
 Bhai Gurdas was learned Sanskrit, Braj Bhasha, Persian
and Punjabi.
 Vaaran Bhai Gurdas.

16. Shah Hussain (1538-1599)
 He was born in Lahore.
 Father: Sheikh Usman.
 He was 16 Century Punjabi Sufi poet.
 He was a contemporary of Akbar and Jahangir.
 He was a close friend of Guru Arjan Dev Ji.
 Kafian
 Aage Nain Doonghi
 Aakh Ni Mae Aakh Ni
 Aap Nu Pachhan Bande
 Amlan De Upar Hon Nibera
 Ik Din Tainu Supna Theesan
 Mean Ni Main Kainu Aakhan

17. Waris Shah:
 Waris Shah was a Punjabi Sufi poet.
 His father's name was Gusher Shah.
 Waris's shah also called Shakespeare of Punjab.
 Waris Shah is primarily known as the author of
Heer Ranjha.
 Many verse of Waris Shah are widely used in
Punjabi moral context eg;
 “Nea adataan jaandiyan ne, Bhavein katiye poriyan
poriyan ji”.

18. Folklore of Punjab:
 Heer Ranja
 Mirza Sahiba
 Sessui Punnun
 Sohni Mahiwal

19. Festivals of Punjab:
 Lohri
 Basant Panchami
 Hola Mohalla
 Baisakhi
 Gruparab

20. Lohri:
 Colorful attires,
 Dandaras,
 Chajja dance,
 Folk Music,
 delectable Food

21. Basant Pachami:
 Colorful kites,
 Yellow attire,

22. Hola Mahalla:
 Path,
 Langar,
 Gatka,
 Kirtans,
 Nihangs Horse Riding,
 Cultural Performances

23. Baisakhi:
 Nagar Kirtans,
 Festive Foods,
 Community Fairs,
 Decorations with Yellow hues

24. Guruparab:
 Adorned Gurudwaras,
 Religious Parades,
 Langar,

25. Arts and Crafts of Punjab
 Punjab has a rich tradition of arts and crafts.
 There are many handicraft and arts in Punjab.
 Basketry
 Durries
 Folk Toys
 Mud Works
 Parranda
 Phulkari
 Woodwork
 Painting

26. Basketry:
 Basketry is a longstanding handicraft.
 Basketry as a means of employment.
 Initially used for household purposes.
 With the passage of time, they used in homes as
showpieces and decorative items.
 Basketry is done by shaving thin straws of grass.

27. Durries:
Durries are the flat woven rugs.
They are used as carpets on the floor or as bed sheets.
Durries are very widely used for sitting on the floor during
the religious or political gathering.
 Different types of patterns are created on the durrie,
during weaving.
Durries are easy to maintain.
They are lighter and are easy to move and clean.
The main centers producing durries are Amritsar, Nikodar,
Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur and Anandpur Sahib and Mani Majra.

28. Folk Toys:
 Folk toys of Punjab are the products of the perfect
amalgamation of artistry and social values.
 In the past, it was a tradition among the village workers
to gift a newborn infant with toys representing the
trade they were into.
 The women Punjab still make toys of cloth, stuffed with
cotton.

29. Mud Work:
 Mud work is an ancient handicraft of Punjab,
which is popular in the state till date.
 It marks the zenith of Punjabi creativity, in
turning out dull objects into masterpieces of art.
 Generally, it is a trend in Punjab to plaster the
walls of the house with mud and then create
different motifs and designs on them.
 The mud work of Punjab basically depends on
individual skill and has not much formal training.

30. Parranda:
 Paranda is one of the traditional handicrafts
of Punjab.
 It is a colorful hanging worn by the Punjabi
women in their hair.
 Parandis are available with a great variety in
designs and colors.
 They are made out of a bunch of silk threads.
 Jalandhar, Amritsar, Nikodar, Hoshiarpur and
Ludhiana are mainly engaged in the
handicraft industry of parandi.

31. Woodworks:
 Punjab is well known for its artistic woodwork.
 In Punjab, carpenters are called Tarkhans.
 Punjab is also famous for the unique wooden
chessboard, decorative boxes, spectacularly carved
chair and table legs, mirror frames and toys.

32. Phulkari:
 Phulkari’, literally meaning the flower working.
 It is done over shawls, dupattas and
headscarves, in a simple and sparse design.
 Phulkari were originally made by Punjabi women
for their own personal use.
 Phulkari is done by making artistic small-darn
stitch over the cloth.

33. Painting:
 Mural Painting and Frescoes.
 The painting mainly done on
permanent surface like , wall, ceiling,
gates.
 Punjabi people by nature lively and
juvenile.
 Mud wall paintings are also called as
“Chowk-Poorana” by the people of
Punjab.
 Sobha Singh.

34.  https://copp.ipcs.edu.pk/literature/
 https://traveltriangle.com/blog/festivals-of-punjab/
 https://punjabics.com/Punjabi-folklore.htm
 https://copp.ipcs.edu.pk/art and craft/

35. Areeba bibi

36. Dress:
Kurta
Shalwar kameez
Patyala shalwar
Punjabi ghagra
Khussa, Punjabi jutti
Pranda
Dhoti
History:
The Punjab region had a
flourishing industry in
cotton during the 19th and
early 20th centuries.

37. Examples

38. Sports:
kikli dance:

39. Shatapu
game:

40. Pithu gol
garam:

41. Cricket:
Hockey:
Kabaddi:

42. Music:
Jugni
Mahia
Tappe
Dhola
Instruments
Punjabi singers may sing
unaccompanied or along with
such traditional instruments
as dhol, tumbi, dhadd,
ghrgha, gagar, chimta etc

44. Wedding traditions:
The rituals of wedding do vary with regard to regional and cultural differences
and we have the most unique of wedding ceremony in the world.
Mayon, Mehndi
Marrige
ceremony/Nikkah
Walima ceremony

46. http://www.travel.culture.com
http://www.Wikipedia.com
http://www.behancce.net

47. Fatima Zeb

48. Food:
 Punjabi dishes is the liberal usage of ghee or clarified spices and Punjabis are
fond of sweet-meats also.
 Most Punjabi food is eaten with either rice are roti. There are some dishes that
are exclusive to Punjab such as Dal Makhni, Paratha, Makai ki roti, Sarson ka
Saag, and in cities Choley, Haleem, Biryani and Multani sohan halwa and other
spicy dishes are popular. In beverages, tea is consumed in all seasons and as a
custom most of Punjabis serve tea to their guests.
 Punjabis are also fond of Zarda, Gulab-Jamuns, Kheer, Jalabi, Samosay, Pakoray
etc. During summer people drink lassi, soda, lemonade etc.

50. Dance:
 Punjabi music is an essential part of Punjabi culture, and it is known for its fast-
paced beats and energetic dance moves. bhangra of the most popular Punjabi folk
dances that are often performed during wedding and other festive occasions.
Qawwali and Punjabi music is recognized throughout the world.
 Tabla, Dhol, Chimta, Flute and Sitar are all common instruments of this delightful
culture.
 Punjabi dance is based around happiness and energy. Different forms of dance in
Punjab are: Luddi and Bhangra.
 Punjabi dances have been embraced by the American culture and others alike and
now they are one of the most appreciated art forms.

51. Historical Places:
 Badshahi Masjid
 Minar-e-Pakistan
 Noor Mahal
 Shalimar Garden
 Tomb of Jahangir
 Katas Raj Temple
 Masjid Wazir Khan
 Derawar Fort
 Rohtas Fort

53. https://youtu.be/qU_DDA2icG4
https://youtu.be/8aqSGucpUzk..