public safety and security service feasibility study for Costarica

Feasibility Study on Public Security System
for the Republic of Costa Rica
November, 2011

Feasibility Study on Public Security System for the Republic of Costa Rica
Table of Contents
3
Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
I. PROJECT OVERVIEW.......................................................................................... 14
1. Background...............................................................................................................................14
2. Project Objective .....................................................................................................................16
3. Project Scope............................................................................................................................17
4. Project Schedule ......................................................................................................................19
5. Project Organization ...............................................................................................................20
II. COUNTRY PROFILE............................................................................................. 21
1. Geography ................................................................................................................................22
2. Society and Economy..............................................................................................................23
2.1 Language...................................................................................................................................................23
2.2 Religions.....................................................................................................................................................23
2.3 Economy ....................................................................................................................................................23
III. ICT ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS.................................................................... 25
1. ICT Development Plan............................................................................................................25
1.1 ICT Development Plan from 2008 to 2010: Action Plan for Digital Government...25
1.2 ICT Development Plan from 2011 to 2014: Master Plan of e-Government ..............27
2. ICT Strategy ..............................................................................................................................30
2.1 Vision 2018...............................................................................................................................................30
3. Plan of related project............................................................................................................34
3.1 ICT Plan of Ministry of Public Security........................................................................................34
3.2 Red Cross ..................................................................................................................................................36
3.3 Municipal Police of San Jose............................................................................................................36
3.4 9-1-1 Emergency Center....................................................................................................................36
4. Law and Regulation ................................................................................................................37
4.1 ICT Related Laws....................................................................................................................................37
4.2 Public Security Related Laws............................................................................................................38

Table of Contents
4
5. ICT Organization......................................................................................................................39
5.1 Organization of Administration ......................................................................................................39
5.2 Organization in Ministry of Public Security ..............................................................................40
6. Infrastructure............................................................................................................................41
6.1 Communication Status........................................................................................................................41
6.2 Internet Service ......................................................................................................................................43
7. Readiness for Implementation..............................................................................................46
7.1 ICT Policy of the Arias Administration.........................................................................................46
7.2 E-Government Project Implementation ......................................................................................46
7.3 Master Plan of Costa Rican e-Gov. 2011-2014........................................................................47
8. Implication of ICT Environmental Analysis.........................................................................50
IV. TECHNICAL ANALYSIS....................................................................................... 51
1. Requirement Analysis .............................................................................................................51
1.1 Citizen Survey..........................................................................................................................................51
1.2 Police Officers Survey..........................................................................................................................56
2. Current Status ..........................................................................................................................60
2.1 9-1-1 Emergency Center....................................................................................................................60
2.2 Ministry of Public Security ................................................................................................................65
2.3 Coast Guard .............................................................................................................................................70
2.4 Red Cross ..................................................................................................................................................71
2.5 Fire Fighting.............................................................................................................................................75
2.6. Municipal Police of San Jose...........................................................................................................80
3. SWOT Analysis .........................................................................................................................82
4. Benchmarking ..........................................................................................................................84
4.1 PPD (Philadelphia Police Department) ........................................................................................84
4.2 EMIS of Gwangju Fire-fighting Department, Republic of Korea.....................................88
5. Implication of Technical Analysis .........................................................................................95
V. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN.................................................................................. 96
1. Direction....................................................................................................................................96

Table of Contents
5
2. Vision of Development...........................................................................................................97
3. Scope of Development ...........................................................................................................98
3.1 Development by Phase.......................................................................................................................98
3.2 Systems required connecting with in the future ................................................................. 100
4. System Architecture ..............................................................................................................101
4.1 Requirements for successful implementation ....................................................................... 101
4.2 Business Architecture........................................................................................................................ 102
4.3 Data Architecture................................................................................................................................ 103
4.4 Application Architecture.................................................................................................................. 104
4.5 Technology Architecture.................................................................................................................. 105
5. Implementation Schedule ....................................................................................................143
5.1 Preparation ............................................................................................................................................ 143
5.3 Implementation ................................................................................................................................... 143
6. Implementing Organization.................................................................................................145
7. Training Plan...........................................................................................................................148
7.1 Outline..................................................................................................................................................... 148
7.2 Training for System Manager/Operator................................................................................... 148
7.3 Training for Final User...................................................................................................................... 148
7.4 Technology transfer........................................................................................................................... 149
8. Operation and Maintenance Plan.......................................................................................150
8.1 Outline..................................................................................................................................................... 150
8.2 Operation/Maintenance Support................................................................................................ 150
8.3 Contingency Response..................................................................................................................... 153
8.4 Backup and restoration measures .............................................................................................. 155
9. Business Continuity Plan......................................................................................................156
9.1 Outline..................................................................................................................................................... 156
9.2 Business Continuity Plan Key Points.......................................................................................... 156
9.3 Utilizing infrastructure of related organizations .................................................................. 156
VI. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS .....................................................................................157

Table of Contents
6
1. Estimated Total Cost .............................................................................................................157
2. Cost Breakdown.....................................................................................................................158
3. Required Cost by Year ..........................................................................................................160
4. Funding Source ......................................................................................................................161
5. Estimated Benefit ..................................................................................................................161
5.1 Location Information Service........................................................................................................ 161
5.2 AVL/APL 3G Connection.................................................................................................................. 161
5.3 National Security Application and Data Service Center .................................................. 162
5.4 Public Security and Safe Citizens Service using Mobile CCTVs.................................... 162
6. Economic Analysis .................................................................................................................163
6.1 NPV (Net Present Value) ................................................................................................................. 163
6.2 Benefit/Cost Ratio .............................................................................................................................. 164
6.3 Internal Rate of Return (IRR) ......................................................................................................... 164
VII. SUSTAINABILITY OF PROJECT EFFECT .........................................................166
1. Qualitative Benefits...............................................................................................................166
2. Quantitative Benefits ............................................................................................................166
3. Risk Factors and Undertaking.............................................................................................166
4. Sustainability of Project Effect............................................................................................168
4.1 Outline..................................................................................................................................................... 168
4.2 Decision-Maker.................................................................................................................................... 168
4.3 Final User of System ......................................................................................................................... 168
4.4 General Public...................................................................................................................................... 169
ABBREVIATION ........................................................................................................170
REFERENCE ...............................................................................................................174

Figure list
7
Figure list
Figure I-1: Objectives of Feasibility Study 16
Figure I-2: Map of Costa Rica 17
Figure I-3: Schedule for F/S 19
Figure I-4: Organization Chart for F/S 20
Figure II-5: Map of Costa Rica 21
Figure II-6: Province Map of Costa Rica 22
Figure III-7: Mission and Vision of 2008-2010 Digital Government 25
Figure III-8: Goal and Strategies in e-Government Master Plan 27
Figure III-9: Roadmap of e-Government in e-Government Master Plan 29
Figure III-10: Vision of 2018 Digital Strategy 30
Figure III-11: ICT Organization of Costa Rican Government 39
Figure III-12: Organization of Technical Secretariat of Digital Government (TSDG) 40
Figure III-13: ICT Organization in Ministry of Public Security 40
Figure III-14: Fixed telephone lines per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010 41
Figure III-15: Mobile telephone lines per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010 42
Figure III-16: Internet users per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010 43
Figure III-17: Latin American Internet Penetration 44
Figure III-18: Penetration by technology 45
Figure III-19: Penetration by sector of user 45
Figure III-20: Structure of ICEC 47
Figure III-21: Future Image of Costa Rican E-Government 48
Figure III-22: Each stage of Costa Rican e-Government 49
Figure IV-23: Age structure 51
Figure IV-24: Occupation structure 51
Figure IV-25: Do you perceive your country to be in secure? 52
Figure IV-26: What level of trust in the organizations for public security? 52
Figure IV-27: What level of trust in the organizations for public security? 53
Figure IV-28: Do you think your current emergency 9-1-1 system is reliable? 53
Figure IV-29: How long did it take from your call to the response team arrival? 54
Figure IV-30: Level of usefulness of monitoring public security by CCTV? 55
Figure IV-31: What is the most serious crime in Costa Rica? 55
Figure IV-32: Opinion about Public Security System? 56
Figure IV-33: Do you think this system will be helpful to you? 56

Figure list
8
Figure IV-34: Your organization’s informatization level? 57
Figure IV-35: How connect to Internet in your office? 58
Figure IV-36: Are you satisfied with current HW on your work? 58
Figure IV-37: Media for sharing information with other organizations? 59
Figure IV-38: Do you think CCTV monitoring is necessary to prevent crime? 59
Figure IV-39: 9-1-1 Emergency Center 61
Figure IV-40: Configuration of 9-1-1 Emergency Center 62
Figure IV-41: Network Diagram of 9-1-1 Emergency Center 63
Figure IV-42: Organization Chart of 9-1-1 Center 64
Figure IV-43: Dispatcher of Communication Center of Police 65
Figure IV-44: Immigration Board Monitoring by CCTV 67
Figure IV-45: Wireless Network for CCTV Monitoring 68
Figure IV-46: Organization Chart of Ministry of Public Security 69
Figure IV-47: Picture of Patrol Boat 70
Figure IV-48: Organization Chart of Red Cross 74
Figure IV-49: A-B-C type Fire fighting stations list 75
Figure IV-50: Criteria for response according to incident case 76
Figure IV-51: Statistics of Fire Fighting 77
Figure IV-52: GIS and DB system (1) 78
Figure IV-53: GIS and DB system (2) 78
Figure IV-54: MDT 79
Figure IV-55: Organization Chart of Fire fighting 79
Figure IV-56: Alarm Service Monitoring 81
Figure IV-57: Business Process of PPD 84
Figure IV-58: PSAP Center and EOC of PPD 85
Figure IV-59: Statistics of PPD 86
Figure IV-60: Snap shot of Video villians 86
Figure IV-61: Snap shot of Crime Map 87
Figure IV-62: Gwangju Fire-fighting Department 88
Figure IV-63: Implementation Plan of Gwangju Fire-fighting Department 89
Figure IV-64: Command & Control System Flow 90
Figure IV-65: Command & Control Center of Gwangju Fire-fighting Department 91
Figure IV-66: 119 System Effects of Gwangju Fire-fighting Department 93
Figure IV-67: Future System Plan of Gwangju Fire-fighting Department 94
Figure V-68: Implementation Goals and Functions 96

Figure list
9
Figure V-69: Vision of Development 97
Figure V-70: Scope of Development 98
Figure V-71: Business Architecture 102
Figure V-72: Data Architecture 103
Figure V-73: Application Architecture 104
Figure V-74: Technology Architecture 106
Figure V-75: Service Flow Chart of National Security Application & Data Center 108
Figure V-76: Software Configuration 111
Figure V-77: Workflow of LIS 112
Figure V-78: Workflow of GIS DB 113
Figure V-79: Workflow of AVL/APL 114
Figure V-80: Workflow of Video Retrieval and Analytic System 115
Figure V-81: Workflow of Criminal Information System 116
Figure V-82: Workflow of Resources Management System 117
Figure V-83: System Configuration of NG 9-1-1 System 119
Figure V-84: Configuration of Video Integration Control Platform Service 121
Figure V-85: Configuration of Mobile Command Receiving and Reporting System 122
Figure V-86: Configuration of Statistics Management System 123
Figure V-91: Hardware Configuration 125
Figure V-88: Network Configuration 132
Figure V-89: PTT over Mobile WiMAX Network 134
Figure V-90: Integration and Expansion of Wireless network by IP PTT and RoIP 135
Figure V-91: Mesh Network for CCTV 139
Figure V-92: System Flow of Mobile CCTV 140
Figure V-93: Calling Service 141
Figure V-94: Calling after detection 141
Figure V-95: Fee sharing between government, organization and ICE 142
Figure V-96: Implementation Schedule of Public Security System 144
Figure V-97: Implementing Organization 145
Figure V-98: Operating Organization 147

Table list
10
Table list
Table I-1: Homicide Data of 7 provinces...........................................................................14
Table I-2: Role and Responsibility.....................................................................................20
Table III-3: Current Status of Projects of Action Plan 2008-2010 ....................................26
Table III-4: Final Result of Portfolio Analysis in e-Government Master Plan..................28
Table III-5: List of Initiatives & Projects...........................................................................31
Table III-6: Annual Operational Plan 2012 of Ministry of Public Security.......................34
Table III-7: Laws on Government Informatization............................................................37
Table III-8: Laws on ICT Utilization.................................................................................37
Table III-9: Laws on Effect from informatization .............................................................38
Table III-10: Laws Related to Public Security...................................................................38
Table III-11: Fixed telephone lines per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010.................................41
Table III-12: Mobile telephone lines per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010...............................42
Table III-13: Internet users per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010..............................................43
Table III-14: Internet users Comparison (2000 and 2010).................................................44
Table III-15: ICT related Policy of each administration....................................................46
Table IV-16: Location of Communication Centers............................................................63
Table IV-17: ICT related S/W of 9-1-1 Center..................................................................64
Table IV-18: H/W and S/W of Red Cross..........................................................................71
Table IV-19: Personal computers and operating systems ..................................................72
Table IV-20: Applications and software ............................................................................72
Table IV-21: PABX ...........................................................................................................73
Table IV-22: Recording Devices........................................................................................73
Table IV-23: Network Devices ..........................................................................................73
Table IV-24: WAN Devices...............................................................................................73
Table IV-25: Mobile Operations........................................................................................74
Table IV-26: Project Scope of Gwangju Fire-fighting Department...................................89
Table V-27: Details of Services .........................................................................................98
Table V-28: Required HW for NG 9-1-1.........................................................................126
Table V-29: Required HW for National Security Application and Data Center .............127
Table V-30: Required HW for Patrol Vehicles................................................................129
Table V-31: Required HW for Public Police ...................................................................129
Table V-32: Network Devices and Security ....................................................................133
Table V-33: Network Equipment for IP PTT...................................................................138

Table list
11
Table V-34: Schedule for Preparation stage ....................................................................143
Table V-35: Main Task of Each organization..................................................................146
Table V-36: Operation and Maintenance.........................................................................150
Table V-37: Contingency Plan of Operation and Maintenance .......................................153
Table V-38: Response at Emergency...............................................................................154
Table V-39: Response plan for each type of failure.........................................................154
Table V-40: Backup and Recovery Procedure.................................................................155
Table VI-41: Estimated Total Cost ..................................................................................157
Table VI-42: Cost Breakdown .........................................................................................158
Table VI-43: Required Cost by Year ...............................................................................160
Table VI-44: Estimated Benefit by LIS ...........................................................................161
Table VI-45: Estimated Benefit by 3G connection of AVL/APL....................................161
Table VI-46: Estimated Benefit by Application Usage ...................................................162
Table VI-47: Estimated Benefit by Mobile CCTV subscribers .......................................163
Table VI-48: Estimated Cost, Benefit and Net Cash Flow ..............................................163
Table VI-49: NPV of Public Security System .................................................................164
Table VI-50: Benefit/Cost Ratio of Public Security System............................................164
Table VI-51: IRR of Public Security System...................................................................165
Table VII-52: Risk Factors and Undertaking...................................................................166

Executive Summary
12
Executive Summary
The background of this project, the Public Security System is to satisfy with national will on e-
Government of Costa Rica, having one of the most stable politic, social and economic status in
Central and South America and to improve public security management ability and also the quality
of life of Costa Rican citizens through initiation of the advanced IT experience and knowledge and
Public Security System of Korea.
And also, according to the strong security policies of the new administration and citizens’
perception about their country’s safety, the Public Security System is chosen high priority project in
Master Plan for e-Government of Costa Rica 2010.
So on the basis of this background, this feasibility study is started. The objective of this feasibility
study is to analyse the current general and economic situation as well as the technology level and
policies in Costa Rica to find out what the needs are, propose a most suitable and satisfactory To-
Be Model to reinforce public security, and present the System Architecture and Network
Architecture with their key functions along with a detailed action plan containing an implementation
schedule, organizational information and a training plan.
After basic research, site survey and interviews of this feasibility study, the main implications
figured out are as follow;
 Set up and institutionalize regulations and laws related to Digital Map utilization and
construction of theme maps and database for public security enhancement and business
performance, information sharing among several related agencies, authorization for data
access or use, infringement of privacy by extension of CCTV utilization and etc.
 Requirement for performance enhancement of legacy system’s call taking and dispatching
through information system
 Extensions of medium for 9-1-1 emergency call (SMS/MMS, Internet, Mobile App and etc.)
 Implementation of system and network infrastructure for stable and smooth communication
and information transmission between dispatch team and communication cetner and
communication and information sharing among related agencies.
 Mobile device utilization at site for duty performance improvement, tracking the location of
patrol cars and personnel, site information transmission and etc.
 Public security improvement through CCTV installation extension and monitoring with the
advanced technology such as criminal analysis SW, vehicles’ number plate recognition SW
and etc.
 Database construction required for utilization of public security related agencies for their
business.
 More advanced, prompt and accurate 9-1-1 call receiving and dispatching with ANI/ALI
system
According to the economic analysis, the NPV is US$ 13,022,206, B/C ratio is 1.84 and IRR is
28.23 %. So the economic feasibility of this project is relevant.
The outline of the Public Security System figured out after this feasibility study is;
 Period: 18 months (including ISP/BPR)
 Regional Scope: the whole region of Costa Rica

Executive Summary
13
 Estimated cost: about 14.6 million USD.
 Business Scope: ISP/BPR, System development and implementation of National Security
Application and Data Center, NG 9-1-1, Location Information System, Integration Security
GIS DB platform, Video Integration Platform and etc., maintenance, training, and project
management
 Conceptual Diagram

Project Overview
14
I. Project Overview
1. Background
Costa Rica, known as the Switzerland of Central America and a retirement location for retirees
from North America is faced with serious concerns over public security as organized crime is
increasing and violent crime have become more frequent recently. Under these circumstances,
President Chinchilla delivered a speech at the Millennium Forum in September 2010 announcing
the rise of orgnized crime in Costa Rica as a serious national concern and asked for the support of
the superpowers where most of the illicit drugs is consumed. In 2010, Costa Rica was included in
the U.S. drugs blacklist, a list of some 20 countries related to the supply and distribution of illicit
drugs for the first time in its history, which put further emphasis on the seriousness of the increase
of drug smuggling organizations and the rise of level of violence that should be addressed at a
national level.
 The Public Security Policy of the Chinchilla Administration coming to power in 2010
✓ 50% increase in the Ministry of Public Security’s budget to strengthen police force by 50% and
increase salary
✓ Strengthen international cooperation to combat illicit drug trafficking and organized crime
✓ Establish long-term public security policy
✓ Prevent crime
✓ Adequate level of punishment for crime
27% of the Costa Ricans state public security as the most serious national challenge (in 2004, 2%
of the people thought public security was a problem according to a 2009 survey by Unimer-la
Nación), which shows that public security has become an urgent issue to be solved, and solutions
are needed as the annual homicide rate and number of murder cases are steadily on the rise along
with violent crime.
 Annual Statistics on Homicide Rate
✓ According to 2008 National Status Report, homicide rate has gone up from eight victims for every
100,000 people in 2007 to a record high 11 in 2008
✓ The number of murder cases has increased by 37% from 369 cases in 2007 to 512 cases in 2008
 Data by Province
✓ The homicide data in seven provinces is as follows:
Table I-1: Homicide Data of 7 provinces1
Province Proportion
Homicide rate
(out of 100,000 persons)
Limón 21% 26
San José 44% 14
Puntarenas 9% 11
Cartago 8% 10
Heredia 5% 8
Alajuela 8% 5

Project Overview
15
Guanacaste 4% 3
Total 100% 11
✓ Limón, located on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, is found to be the province with the most
serious problems in public security as its homicide rate went up from 9.2 victims for every 100,000
people in 2003 to 25.1 in 2008. This is higher than San José, where the population is three times
bigger.
✓ According to the May 24, 2009 issue of la Nacion, Limón also had the highest record of
confiscated weapons (546 weapons) in the country. The OIJ believes that 60-70% of the murder
cases in the province are linked to some criminal organizations.
 Illicit Drugs
✓ Since the U.S. and Mexico have stepped up their joint anti-drug efforts, drug traffickers have
moved south and drug seizures have clearly gone up in Costa Rica since 2006.
Against this background, the master plan for an e-Government in Costa Rica of 2010 suggested
that a Public Security System, a service model be established from 2011 to 2014, to which the
Costa Rican e-Government Committee responded in an official document to NIPA that it
recognizes the Public Security System as a project with top priority along with the National Smart
Identification project.

Project Overview
16
2. Project Objective
The objective of this feasibility study is to analyse the current general and economic situation as
well as the technology level and policies in Costa Rica to find out what the needs are, propose a
most suitable and satisfactory To-Be Model to reinforce public security, and present the System
Architecture and Network Architecture with their key functions along with a detailed action plan
containing an implementation schedule, organizational information and a training plan.
With the findings of this study, preparations for the Public Security System project will become
more thorough.
Figure I-1: Objectives of Feasibility Study

Project Overview
17
3. Project Scope
Regional scope of this study is the whole country of Costa Rica
Figure I-2: Map of Costa Rica
This feasibility study will be performed according to ‘Framework of NIPA (Korea National IT
Industry Promotion Agency).
Every analysis work regarding current system, organization, business process, ICT environment
and etc. will be done by not only document and Internet search but also site survey with interviews
and questionnaire during almost one month. After analysis, appropriate To-Be Model and
implementation plan for it will be suggested on the report.
Scope of Feasibility Study is;
 BASIC COUNTRY PROFILE ANALYSIS
 ICT Environmental Analysis
✓ ICT Development Plan
✓ ICT Strategy and Plan
✓ Law and Regulation
✓ ICT Organization
✓ Infrastructure
✓ Readiness for Implementation
 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
✓ Requirement Analysis
✓ Current Status
✓ SWOT Analysis
✓ Benchmarking

Project Overview
18
 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
✓ Direction
✓ Vision of Development
✓ Scope of Development
✓ System Architecture
✓ Implementation Schedule
✓ Implementing Organization
✓ Training/Operation and Maintenance/Promotion/Business Continuity Plan
 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Project Overview
19
4. Project Schedule
The detailed schedule for this feasibility study as follows:
Figure I-3: Schedule for F/S

Pr
20
5. Project Organization
Organization chart for this feasibility study as the stated in Figure I-4. The main participants will be
the Digital Government Interagency Commission as the Project owner, the consulting team, and
local specialists who will support the consulting team in Costa Rica. And the Ministry of Public
Security, ICE, and NIPA will support the whole project as a supporting organization.
Figure I-4: Organization Chart for F/S
Role and Responsibility of each stakeholder is stated in the following Table I-2
Table I-2: Role and Responsibility
Stakeholders Role and Responsibility
Project Owner
(Technical Secretariat of Digital Government)
 Responsible for the whole project
 Responsible for financing for main project
 Handling scope of the project
 Decision making and acting
Project Team and Local Specialist
 Supplying local information and Source
about current system and infrastructure
 Discussion about political and technical
direction
F/S Consulting team
 Building Feasibility Study and consulting for
main project
 Building To-Be Model
 Discussion with Project Team
 Technology transfer and Training
 Implementation planning for main project
Technical Team  Understanding ICT and System
Ministry of Public Security
Institute of Costa Rican Electricity
NIPA
 Cooperation for successful F/S and Main
project

Country Profile
21
II. Country Profile2
Costa Rica officially the Republic of Costa Rica is a country in Central America, bordered by
Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the south, the Pacific Ocean to the west and south and the
Caribbean Sea to the east.
Costa Rica, which means "Rich Coast", constitutionally abolished its army permanently in 1949. It
is the only Latin American country included in the list of the world's 22 older democracies.
Costa Rica has consistently been among the top Latin American countries in the Human
Development Index, ranked 62nd in the world in 2010, and is cited by the UNDP as one of the
countries that have attained much higher human development than other countries at the same
income levels. The country is ranked third in the world, and first among the Americas, in terms of
the 2010 Environmental Performance Index.
In 2007, the Costa Rican government announced plans for Costa Rica to become the first carbon-
neutral country by 2021. According to the New Economics Foundation, Costa Rica ranks first in the
Happy Planet Index and is the "greenest" country in the world.
Figure II-5: Map of Costa Rica

Country Profile
22
1. Geography
Costa Rica is located on the Central American isthmus, lying between latitudes 8° and 12° N and
longitudes 82° and 86°W. It borders the Caribbean Sea (to the east) and the Pacific Ocean (to the
west), with a total of 1,290 km of coastline, 212 km on the Caribbean coast and 1,016 km on the
Pacific.
Costa Rica also borders Nicaragua to the north (309 km) and Panama to the south-southeast (639
km). In total, Costa Rica comprises 51,100 ㎢ plus 589㎢of territorial waters. The highest point in
the country is Cerro Chirripó, at 3,819m; it is the fifth highest peak in Central America. The highest
volcano in the country is the Irazú Volcano (3,431 m). The largest lake in Costa Rica is Lake Arenal.
Costa Rica also comprises several islands. Cocos Island (24 ㎢) stands out because of its
distance from continental landmass, 300 mi (480 km) from Puntarenas, but Calero Island is the
largest island of the country (151.6 ㎢). Over 25% of Costa Rica's national territory is protected by
SINAC (the National System of Conservation Areas), which oversees all of the country's protected
areas. Costa Rica also possesses the greatest density of species in the world.
Costa Rica is composed of seven provinces, which in turn are divided into 81 cantons, each of
which is directed by a mayor. Mayors are chosen democratically every four years by each canton's
people. There are no provincial legislatures. The cantons are further divided into 421 districts). The
provinces are 1 Alajuela, 2 Cartago, 3 Guanacaste, 4 Heredia, 5 Limón.
Figure II-6: Province Map of Costa Rica

Country Profile
23
2. Society and Economy
2.1 Language
The primary language spoken in Costa Rica is Spanish. Some native languages are still spoken in
indigenous reservations. The most numerically important are the Bribri, Maléku, Cabécar and
Ngäbere languages, some of which have several thousand speakers in Costa Rica – others a few
hundred. Some languages, such as Teribe and Boruca, have fewer than a thousand speakers. A
Creole-English language, Jamaican patois (also known as Mekatelyu), is spoken along the
Caribbean coast. About 10.7% of Costa Rica's adult population (18 or older) also speaks English,
0.7% French, and 0.3% speaks Portuguese or German as a second language.
2.2 Religions
Christianity is the predominant religion, and Roman Catholicism is the official state religion
according to the 1949 Constitution, which at the same time guarantees freedom of religion.
According to the most recent nationwide survey of religion, conducted in 2007 by the University of
Costa Rica, 70.5% of Costa Ricans are Roman Catholics, 44.9% of the populations are practicing
Catholics, 13.8% are Evangelical Protestants, 11.3% report they do not have a religion, and 4.3%
belonged to another.
Because of the recent small but continuous immigration from Asia and the Middle East, other
religions have grown, the most popular being Buddhism (because of a growing Chinese
community of 40,000), and smaller numbers of Hindu, Jewish, Bahá’í, and Muslim adherents.
The Sinagoga Shaarei Zion synagogue [81] is near La Sabana Metropolitan Park in San José.
Several homes in the neighborhood east of the park display the Star of David and other Jewish
symbols
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) claim more than 35,000 members, and
has a temple in San Jose that served as a regional worship center for Costa Rica, Panama,
Nicaragua, and Honduras. However, they represent less than one percent of the population.
2.3 Economy
The economy of Costa Rica heavily depends on tourism, agriculture, and electronics exports.
Poverty has been reduced over the past 15 years, and a social safety net put into place. According
to the CIA World Factbook, Costa Rica's GDP per capita is US$10,900 (2009); however, there is a
lack of maintenance and new investment in infrastructure, 16% of the people living below the
poverty line and 7.8% (2009) unemployed. The Costa Rican economy grew nearly 5% in 2006
after experiencing 4 years of slow economic growth
Inflation rose to 22.5% in 1995, dropped to 11.1% in 1997, 12% in 1998, 11% in 1999 and 13% in
2008. Measures taken by the Central Bank have reduced inflation substantially to 4.3% in 2009,
and 5.7% in 2010. Curbing inflation, reducing the deficit, and improving public sector efficiency
through an anti-corruption drive, remain key challenges to the government. Previous political
resistance to privatization had stalled liberalization efforts. However, after the signing of CAFTA

Country Profile
24
(Central American Free Trade Agreement), Costa Rica has now opened to competition its
insurance and telecommunications markets.
Costa Rica's economy emerged from recession in 1997 and has shown strong aggregate growth
since then. After 6.2% growth in 1998, GDP grew a substantial 8.3% in 1999, led by exports.
The strength in the nontraditional export and tourism sector is masking a relatively lackluster
performance by traditional sectors, including agriculture. The central government deficit decreased
to 3.2% of GDP in 1999, down from 3.3% from the year before. On a consolidated basis, including
Central Bank losses and parastatal enterprise profits, the public sector deficit was 2.3% of GDP.
Controlling the budget deficit remains the single biggest challenge for the country's economic
policy makers, as interest costs on the accumulated central government debt consumes the
equivalent of 30% of the government's total revenues. This limits the resources available for
investments in the country's deteriorated public infrastructure, investments in many cases that
would result in higher quality infrastructure if they were better planned.

al Analysis
25
III. ICT Environmental Analysis
1. ICT Development Plan3
The Costa Rican Government executes the National ICT development plan - Action Plan from
2008 to 2010 and Master Plan from 2011 to 2014 – under the lead of the Costa Rican e-
Government Committee.
1.1 ICT Development Plan from 2008 to 2010: Action Plan for Digital Government
1.1.1 Overview
With the review of first phase, the Action Plan was established which is targeted the future
progress. To achieve the mission and vision for Costa Rica Digital Government, the Action Plan
defined 5 Action Lines and drew relevant projects to meet the objects of each action line.
Figure III-7: Mission and Vision of 2008-2010 Digital Government

ICT Environmental Analysis
26
1.1.2 Current Status of Projects
Performance results and current status of projects of Action Plan 2008-2010 as follows,
Table III-3: Current Status of Projects of Action Plan 2008-2010
Project Current Status
Interoperability project
The infrastructure has been acquired already. Working on the
implementation process
Electronic Purchase System Done and Working
Government Data Center Still on the project list but hasn’t been executed yet.
Immigration permits Done and working
Local Governments project
Done and running
MuNet platform donated by USA and there is a team working on the
implementation
Kiosk project
Running
Several kiosks installed at some public sector agencies with web
access.
Virtual libraries Still on the project list
Training on-line
Done
Several modules developed for Mer-link (Electronic Purchase
System)
Digital Government Bulletin Done and is distributed every 15 to 30 days
Technologies for education Done and working right now
Innovation Congress of Digital
Done
Held every year between October and November, that specific date
depends of hotel availability.
E-regulations
Done
Working on the 2nd phase of the project.
(http://costarica.eregulations.org/)
Teleworking
Done
Working on several institutions
e- government monitoring Not done yet.
Back office Not done yet
Cloud computing
Not done yet.
RACSA offers this service as a commercial one

al Analysis
27
1.2 ICT Development Plan from 2011 to 2014: Master Plan of e-Government
Last year, NIPA and the MIDEPLAN (Ministry of National Planning and Economic Policy) worked
together on a Costa Rican e-Government Master Plan, according to which the strategy for the
implementation of an e-Government can be approached at these different levels: G2C
(Government to Citizen), G2B (Government to Business) and G2G (Government to Government).
Figure III-8: Goal and Strategies in e-Government Master Plan

28
This master plan proposes 22 projects that encompass G2C, G2B, G2G services and also
suggests which of the projects be given priority for implementation from 2011 to 2014 based on an
analysis of the current e-Governement status and the results of a priority evaluation.
A portfolio was put together after reviewing the importance of the projects in terms of urgency and
effectiveness as well as a portfolio after reviewing the feasibility of the projects in terms of the
feasibility of the technology and related organizations for an analysis. As a result, the 22 projects
were grouped into the three different stages shown below depending on their priorities.
Table III-4: Final Result of Portfolio Analysis in e-Government Master Plan
Phase Priority Project Sector No
1
1 Communication Network Infra 22
2 Government Portal G2C 1
3 e-Health G2C 8
4 Data Center Infra 21
5 EA Infra 20
6 Public Security G2C 11
7 Social Insurance G2C 4
8 Groupware G2G 15
2
9 E-Passport G2C 2
10 NID G2C 5
11 e-Education G2C 7
12 e-Agriculture G2B 15
13 Legal Entity Registration G2B 16
14 e-Custom G2B 14
15 Real Estate Registration G2C 3
3
16 e-Tourism G2B 12
17 Recruit and employment G2B 13
18 Immigration management G2G 17
19 e-Tax G2C 6
20 GIS G2G 19
21 e-Vehicle G2C 9
22 e-Driver’s License G2C 10

al Analysis
29
The projects to be carried out in the first and second stages starting 2011 for the next four years
with their implementation plan and timeline are as follows.
Sector
Phase 1: Improvement of the Basis Phase 2: Enhancement of Service
2011 2012 2013 2014
Service
Infrastruc
ture
Figure III-9: Roadmap of e-Government in e-Government Master Plan
Government Representative Portal
e-Health
Social Insurance
Public Security
e-Passport
NID
Legal Entity Registration
e-Education
Real Estate Registration
e-Agriculture
e-Custom
Groupware
Enterprise Architecture
Establishment of Basic Act
Data Center
Building Communication Network (Internet access, Government Network)
Development of ICT Literacy and HRD Program
Gradual Improvement in Law/Institution
ICT Organization

30
2. ICT Strategy4
2.1 Vision 2018
The Costa Rican Government established the ICT development strategy according the blue print of
Vision 2018 to become a digitalized nation. The vision 2018 is for the respective thematic area -
Productivity, Transparency, Education and Connectivity - contrive to move the country toward a
common vision of country’s digital future.
Figure III-10: Vision of 2018 Digital Strategy
 Vision 2018 for Productivity
✓ The first developed economy of Latin America is based on
① Traditional productive sectors with high output in its portfolio
② Broadly diversified export economy
✓ International provider of products and services that are intensive in digital technology
① Growing added value in its production through the application and development of
information technologies
② Innovation in cutting-edge fields based on research and development in businesses
and specialized academic centers
③ Growing entrepreneurship in the information industries
 Vision 2018 for Education
✓ Provision of education contents integrated by technology for all educational levels, helping to
facilitate social mobility, employability and enterprise to promote the country’s development
 Vision 2018 for Transparency
✓ State institutions will offer the public and integrated multi-channel center
① To deal with citizens’ inquiries and needs effectively and efficiently,
② To provide the access to a virtual national “town meeting” on topics of public interest,
③ To provide access to transactional services and track personal administrative
procedures, with strict standards for security and the protection of personal data.
✓ Private businesses under growing pressure from consumers, activists, employees, regulatory
bodies and other major stakeholders

al Analysis
31
① To provide more and better information regarding their operations, decision-making
and performance
② To convert their active transparency into strength and use it to attract investors,
clients and collaborators.
✓ The country’s inhabitants, empowered by their education, knowledge of their rights and easy
access to ICT infrastructure
① As a major, proactive players with the State, businesses and social organizations of
interest.
② Growing confidence results in better governance and a new understanding – anew
social contract – among the different sectors of society.
 Vision 2018 for Connectivity
✓ Provision of better access to governmental, financial and other services, both public and private
1.3.1 Initiatives and Projects
To propel the country toward this Vision 2018, 31 projects were selected and divided into two
stages. One is the immediate initiatives to be implemented within 18 months and the other is the
intermediate initiatives within period not exceeding three years.
Table III-5: List of Initiatives & Projects
Productivity Area
Immediate Initiatives
- Digitalize State Procurement
- Promote Teleworking
- Support from Large Business through Corporate Socio-Digital
Responsibility
- Simplify the Registration of a New Business
- Revitalize Efforts to Attract ICT Investments
Intermediate Initiatives
- Awards System for Digital Engagement
- Digitalization of MISMEs
- Information Bank on ICT Services
- Deploy Angel Investment and Venture Capital for Entrepreneurship in ICT
sector
- Establish a Measurement and Reporting System on the Digital Status of
the Nation
Education Area
- Forum for the integration and coordination of dispersed initiatives and
investments to promote the use of digital technologies for social and
educational development
- Centers of excellence for research, development and innovation
- Strengthen Technical Education and Focus on Technology Options in

32
Diversified Academic Education.
- Develop a set of activities to promote universal coverage of learning
opportunities based on digital technologies at all levels of education
- Promote the adaptation of educational processes to the digital era
- Keep on training and cultivating teachers and facilitators
- Develop content and platforms for exchange
- Strengthen universal access to digital technologies and develop citizens’
capacity to use them productively
- Computerize administrative processes and staff training
- Establish a certification and aCIReditation program to assess the
competencies of students, teachers, professionals and citizens in the use
of digital technologies
Transparency Area
- Enhance the web sites of public sector
- Implement a public service Call Centre
- Encourage on-line supervision of processes
- Introducing transparency indicator system
Complementary
measurement
- Legal Measure
- ICT Policy measure
- Administrative Measure
- Cultural and educational Measure
Connectivity Area
- Develop connectivity through cellular telephony
- Develop mechanisms for organizations and people to share bandwidth
- Facilitate the online payment of services
- Multiply services of interest to clients
- Simplify access mechanisms to change customer perceptions and
encourage new user connectivity
- Create contact points that allow customers to scale up their entry into
digital services, including the creation of a system of wholesale service
distributors
- Create a laboratory for developing innovative applications for the next
generation of mobile Internet technologies, aimed at users in emerging

al Analysis
33
nations

34
3. Plan of related project
3.1 ICT Plan of Ministry of Public Security5
3.1.1 Annual Operational Plan
The Direction of Information, which manages the ICT plan of the Ministry of Public Security
prepares the Annual Operational Plan for system implementation or the purchasing of the ICT
equipment for the whole organization every year and draws up the budget. For 2012, it plans to set
up a budget of approximately USD 1.98 million for purchasing communications equipment and OA
equipment such as computers. This shows that more attention is given to the ICT infrastructure
supporting backoffice work rather than to purchasing equipment or implementing systems to
respond to criminal cases.
Table III-6: Annual Operational Plan 2012 of Ministry of Public Security
Type Communication Equipment $449,250.00
Integrated network for voice, data and / or communication (Alternate Site) $395,000.00
Data Network Civil Works Building $42,000.00
IP phones with their respective license $12,250.00
Type Equipment and software $1,491,460.00
Desktop Computer $370,000.00
Laptop $81,400.00
Blade servers (to support the applications and database management) $80,640.00
Storage Server Storage for expansion of the SAN (Data from Oracle DB, Email, applications, etc.). $55,000.00
Barcode Printer $800.00
Dot Matrix Printer $34,200.00
Printer $32,300.00
High volume laser printer $35,000.00
Color Laser Printer $3,500.00
Dot matrix printer high volume $25,600.00
Inkjet Printers $500.00
Thermal Label Printer $700.00
Unified Communications $95,000.00
Email encryption software $45,000.00
Operating System Software $1,000.00
Software Licensing Office with Access $3,200.00
Adobe Software $1,600.00
Project Professional Software License $2,400.00
Processor License Application Server Oracle Web Logic $50,000.00
Floor plan software $184,500.00
Document Manager Software $30,000.00
Software for Document Scanning $45,000.00
Software (License) Autocad Electrical $4,500.00
Software (License) Photoshop CS5 Master Collection $7,000.00
Software (License) All Plain $22,750.00
Software (License) Revit 2010 $5,000.00
Software (License) Sketch Up $4,500.00
Software (License) Electrical Design Workbench $4,500.00
Software (License) Opus Cad $17,550.00
Content Analyzer to integrate firewall (optimization and network contingency) $125,000.00
PS / 2 $100.00
USB Keyboards $250.00
Details
Details
Computers
Printers
Software
Keyboards

al Analysis
35
External Hard Drive 1 TB $2,000.00
Hard Drive 2.5 "160 GB SATA $1,050.00
Hard Drive 3.5 "250 GB IDE $4,000.00
Hard Drive 3.5 "160 GB SATA II $5,250.00
Motherboard for desktop computer dell GX-620 $3,000.00
Mayan Key 16 GB minimum $8,100.00
Scanner $14,000.00
Dvd burner $3,380.00
Memory Modules $1,875.00
USB Scroll Mouse $250.00
Hurricane/lg-TBD560BV similar Blower Vac (B156V) with accessories $850.00
Switch $5,500.00
RJ45 female connector $1,000.00
Micro structured cabling tester Scanner $430.00
Uninterruptible Power Unit $980.00
Wild Screens Screen of 21 pulgs $405.00
Computing processors $1,000.00
Firewall (Wall of Fire) for building secure conxión CTE with Msp. $6,000.00
Rack (Chassis mount) $12,000.00
Blade-type chassis (to accommodate the administrative area servers) $50,000.00
Power Supply for Dell GX-620 $650.00
Power Supply for HP DV 7500 model small form factor desktop Pentium IV $1,250.00
Type Plumbing equipment, laboratory and research $4,000.00
Software for control samples and state income $4,000.00
Type Machinery and equipment $34,170.00
Digital camera $2,370.00
Software license update FortiGate 3600A Firewall $30,000.00
Update Firewall Software License (Quartermaster, Civil Works and Transport) $1,800.00
$1,978,880.00Total
Details
Processors
Others
Details
Software
Details
Cameras
Hard Drive
Accessories
UPS
Monitor
3.1.2 Plan for Adoption of SIATH of Colombia Police
By agreement between the Ministry of Public Security and National Police of Colombia is to make
the transfer of technology through applications developed by the Colombian police to MSP. Police
of Colombia have the System Human Resource Management (SIATH) is in the process of
adaptation to the MSP, development platform is Oracle Developer Suite and the database engine is
Oracle
3.1.3 Plan for the Implementation of an Integrated Platform
In recognition of the need for a platform to integrate the functions of all the CCTVs or
communications equipment of the police organization under the Ministry of Public Security, the
banks and other related agencies for better management of these equipment and share
information between these agencies to enhance the safety of the citizens, the purchase of a
private platform such as a ‘Genetic Platform’ is under consideration. The budget issue needs to be
solved, but once budget is secured, plans for such a platform will be worked out in more detail.

36
3.1.4 Field Operation Enhancement Plan
The Direction of Information has plans to purchase patrol cars that are fully equipped with
communications equipment, cameras and GPS by 2012 and also has the budget for this. However,
it does not have a strategic plan for a communication center, communication infrastructure or
applications.
It is currently developing an equipment that will be useful to the police officers and given to them
along with a patrol car. The agency is recognizing the need for one out of two police officers to
have a GPS device or a device with a camera
3.2 Red Cross6
The Red Cross is working on a Digital Communication Project for 2012, which includes a central
telecommunication center that will be connected to the 119 provincial telecommunication centers
for chats or video conferences.
It is also considering a project that will enable communication between the ambulances and the
telecommunication center by equipping the ambulances with mobile devices. However, this plan is
not making progress due to lack of financial resources.
3.3 Municipal Police of San Jose7
The municipal police of San Jose is considering expanding and relocating its current
communication center in 2012 and will increase the number of the CCTVs to 100 in the next two
years.
It will also increase the number of users of its current alarm service, which is similar to the service
provided by private security companies whereby the alarm devices installed in houses or buildings
go off in emergency situations to 10,000 users from the current 3,000 users approximately by 2015.
3.4 9-1-1 Emergency Center8
The five-year contract for the currently run CAD System (Computer Aided Dispatch System) was
concluded in 2009 and will expire in two years. Therefore, the functions needed in the next version
as well as application programs are being reviewed and internal opinions are being collected on
this issue

al Analysis
37
4. Law and Regulation9
This chapter deals with the ICT Related Laws and the Public Security Related Laws.
4.1 ICT Related Laws
Costa Rica has enacted ICT related laws and regulation during 2000s after first law related with
ICT, ‘Law of Promotion of Scientific and Technological Development ‘.
These laws can be classified into 3 categories, Laws on Government Informatization, Laws on
Promotion for Environment of ICT Utilization and Laws on Prevention of adverse effect from
informatization.
i. Laws on Government Informatization
✓ Informatization on government administration
Table III-7: Laws on Government Informatization
Name No Date
Ibero-American Code of Good Governance.
Backed by the XVI IberoAmerican Summit
International law
November
2006
E-Government American Charter adopted by the
Ninth Ibero-American Conference of Ministers of
Public Administration and State Reform
International law June 2007
American Charter for Quality in Public Administration International law June 2008
Promotion of Telework in public institutions
Executive Decree No.
34 705-MP-MTSS
July 2008
Create Digital Government Commission
35 139
April 2009
promoting interoperability in the public sector
35 776-PLAN-GJ
March 2010
Competitiveness Act of Costa Rican State Bill No. 17 623 -
Framework Act on receipt of technological neutrality in
electronic government and the rights of users
Bill No. 17 046
ii. Laws on Promotion for Environment of ICT Utilization
Promotion to implement the environment that anyone – public organization, private person or
business entity – utilize ICT as convenient and familiar tool in common daily life
Table III-8: Laws on ICT Utilization
Name No Date
Law of Promotion of Scientific and Technological
Development
Law No. 7169 June 1990

38
Name No Date
Law of Certificates, Digital Signatures and Electronic
Documents
Law No. 8454
October
2005
Ministerial Conference on the Information Society in
Latin America and the Caribbean
Plan of Action on the Information Society in Latin
America and the Caribbean eLAC 2010
International law
February
2008
General Telecommunications Act No. 8642 June 2008
iii. Laws on Prevention of adverse effect from informatization
✓ Prevention the adverse effect caused by informatization such as unintended personal information
exposure, digital gap caused unequal opportunity and etc.
Table III-9: Laws on Effect from informatization
Name No Date
Citizen Protection and requiring excessive paperwork
and regulation
Law No. 8220 March 2002
4.2 Public Security Related Laws
There are several laws related public security in Costa Rica. But especially for ICT development or
Informatization, there is no speciall law or regulation except ‘Law No. 7566 for creating 9-1-1
emergency system’.
Table III-10: Laws Related to Public Security
Name No Date
Create the 9-1-1 emergency system Law No. 7566
December
1995
Police General Law Law No. 7410 May 1994
Penal Code of Costa Rica Law No. 4573 May 1970
Arms and Explosives Act Law No. 7530 August 1995
Law on Narcotics, Psychotropic Substances, Drugs of
Unauthorized Use and Related Activities
Law No. 8204
December
2001
Law Regulating Private Security Services Law No. 8395
Traffic Law Law No 7331 April 1993
Domestic Violence Act Law No. 7586
Law for Criminalization of Violence Against Women Law No. 8589

al Analysis
39
5. ICT Organization
5.1 Organization of Administration
Costa Rica has a Digital Government Interagency Commission (DGIC), which is chaired by the
President and which has the Minister of MIDEPLAN as a member to establish systematic plans
and strategies for an e-Government. The members of the commission are the ministers of the
MIDEPLAN, the MICIT (Ministry of Science and Technology) , the MEIC (Ministry of Economy
Industry and Trade) and the president of ICE.
Figure III-11: ICT Organization of Costa Rican Government
Launched in October 2006 with a direct reporting line to the Vice President, the DGIC (Digital
Government Interagency Commission) DGIC was to coordinate the short- and mid- & long-term
policies for an e-Government. It plays a key role in the information exchange between the different
government departments, provides information to the people and establishes detailed strategies for
improvements in the administrative and civil services. Due to a budget shortage and to ensure the
continued existence of the organization in light of the change of government and consistency in its
policies, the commission was absorbed into the ICE.
The DGIC has three divisions, which are the Division of Project, the Division of Technology
Platform and Innovation and the Division of Digital Inclusion, and each division is in charge of a
different task.

40
Figure III-12: Organization of Technical Secretariat of Digital Government (TSDG)
5.2 Organization in Ministry of Public Security
At the Ministry of Public Security, a Direccion de Informatica is under the control of a Direccion
General Administrativa y Financiera, and it is in charge of ICT related to purchasing, project
planning, technical support and telematics for the organization.
The organizational structure is as follows:
Figure III-13: ICT Organization in Ministry of Public Security

al Analysis
41
6. Infrastructure10
6.1 Communication Status
According to an analysis based on the database of the International Telecommunication Union
(ITU), the number of fixed telephone subscribers for every 100 people in Costa Rica exceeded by
far the global average and reached close to the level of the developed countries, whereas the
number of mobile phone subscribers fell far below the world’s average and only approached the
average number of the developing countries in 2010.
6.1.1 Number of Fixed Telephone Subscribers per 100 Inhabitants from 2000 to 2010
Figure III-14: Fixed telephone lines per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010
Table III-11: Fixed telephone lines per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Developed 48.70 48.66 48.56 47.84 47.66 47.20 46.50 44.80 44.50 42.70 41.60
World 15.89 16.64 17.21 17.82 18.65 19.30 19.20 18.80 18.60 17.80 17.20
Developing 7.95 8.99 9.80 10.80 11.94 12.90 13.00 13.00 12.80 12.40 11.90
Costa Rica 22.93 23.61 25.42 27.86 31.71 32.22 30.34 32.27 31.79 32.67 31.80

42
6.1.2 Number of Mobile phone Subscribers per 100 Inhabitants from 2000 to 2010
Figure III-15: Mobile telephone lines per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010
Table III-12: Mobile telephone lines per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Developed 39.2 47.1 52.5 59.5 69.8 82.1 92.9 102.0 108.5 113.2 114.2
World 12.0 15.5 18.4 22.2 27.3 33.9 41.8 50.6 59.9 68.3 78.0
Developing 5.5 7.9 10.3 13.5 17.5 23.0 30.2 39.1 49.1 58.4 70.1
Costa Rica 5.40 8.17 12.31 18.71 21.79 25.56 32.95 33.87 41.72 42.48 65.14
 Number of usable cellular line : 2,544,897
✓ 2,000,000 (79%) : GSM
✓ 360,000(14%) : with access to the Internet
 Number of active cellular line : 1,844,140
✓ 1.540.185 (82%) : GSM
✓ 93,243(6%) : with access to the Internet

al Analysis
43
6.2 Internet Service
6.2.1 Internet users per 100 inhabitants from 2000 to 2010
Figure III-16: Internet users per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010
Table III-13: Internet users per 100 inhabitants, 2000-2010
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Developed 24.6 29.4 37.7 41.5 46.3 51.3 53.5 59.1 61.3 64.7 68.8
World 6.4 8.0 10.7 12.3 14.1 15.7 17.5 20.6 23.4 26.5 29.7
Developing 2.0 2.8 4.3 5.5 6.6 7.7 9.4 12.0 15.0 18.5 21.1
Costa Rica 5.80 9.56 19.89 20.33 20.79 22.07 25.10 28.40 32.29 34.33 36.50

44
6.2.2 Comparison of the number of internet users (2000 and 2010)
Latin American Internet Penetration reached 28.8%. And Costa Rica has the lower late of Internet
user growth(700%) compare with Latin American Countries(1024.9%) between 2000 and 2010.
Internet Penetration also indicate low data compare with developed countries these are higher than
50 % (Chile).
Table III-14: Internet users Comparison (2000 and 2010)
LATIN AMERICA
COUNTRIES /
REGIONS
Population
( Est. 2010 )
Internet Users,
Latest Data
% Population
( Penetration)
User Growth
( 2000-2010 )
% Users
in Table
Chile 16,746,491 8,369,036 50.0 % 376.2 % 4.2 %
Colombia 44,205,293 21,529,415 48.7 % 2,352.1 % 10.8 %
Costa Rica 4,516,220 2,000,000 44.3 % 700.0 % 1.0 %
Argentina 41,343,201 26,614,813 64.4 % 964.6 % 13.3 %
Mexico 112,468,855 30,600,000 27.2 % 1,028.2 % 15.3 %
Total 574,416,368 200,11,290 34.8% 1,024.9% 100.0%
Note: (1) Population numbers are based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau.
(2) The most recent usage comes mainly from data published by Nielsen-Online, ITU, and
trustworthy local sources.
(3) Data on this site may be cited, giving the due credit and establishing an active link back to
Internet World Statistics.
Source “2010, Miniwatts Marketing Group”
Figure III-17: Latin American Internet Penetration
6.2.3 Broadband penetration by technology
The growth rate of ADSL and Cable modem has higher than the others. ADSL technology has

al Analysis
45
many of advantages but it is not enough to satisfy the demand of users for the near future. The
highest advanced countries have adopted new technology services for the user’s satisfaction such
as xDSL, Optical LAN, WIBRO, etc
Source: Broadband Internet in Costa Rica First half 2009 by CISCO
Figure III-18: Penetration by technology
6.2.4 Broadband penetration by sector of user
The homes are still the main place of access broadband in the country.
Source: Broadband Internet in Costa Rica First half 2009 by CISCO
Figure III-19: Penetration by sector of user

46
7. Readiness for Implementation11
Costa Rica has started working on the implementation of an e-Government since the late 1990s. It
has not been able to produce many outcomes yet due to a lack of budget and conflict of interest
between the different divisions. Nevertheless, each administrative division has come up with ICT
policies and continuously made an effort for nationwide development. The current Chinchilla
Administration, which took power in May 2010 announced the 2011-2014 National Development
Plan suggesting the establishment of an e-Government as a major tool for achieving national
development and also presented a clear target in this regard by striving to rank 64th among the e-
Governments in the UN. The administration has allocated a total of USD 3.5 million for establishing
the nation’s ICT infrastructure (a project to build a nationwide infrastructure, La infraestructura de
Conectividad del Estado Costarricense) as laid out in the National Development Plan.
Table III-15: ICT related Policy of each administration
Administration Period Program
Rodriguez
Administration
2000-2002 - Digital Agenda Program
Pacheco
Administration
2002-2006 - Establishes National ICT Commission
Arias Administration 2006-2010
- Establishes a committee to coordinate e-Government related
issues between the different divisions
- Establishes the Digital Government Interagency Commission
- Defines and promotes government policy for an information-
based society
- Defines 2008-2010 Action Plan
Chinchilla
Administration
2010-2014
- Presides over the coordinating committee with the President in
the center of its organizational structure
- Pursues establishment of a master plan for an e-Government
- Defines and promotes 2011-2014 Action Plan
7.1 ICT Policy of the Arias Administration
The previous Arias Administration (2006-2010) adopted a knowledge-based society as a motto for
its policies in the beginning of its term, emphasized the need for changes and reform in the
government sector and established the Digital Government Interagency Commission to facilitate
the change toward a knowledge and information-based government that would use the ICT
technology to introduce innovation into the administrative activities and provide qualitative services
to the people. As such, it announced the Gobierno Digital 2008-2010 in 2008 and pursued the e-
Government project in earnest.
 Arias Administration’s Goal of an e-Government
✓ Establish a high level of ICT culture in the nation’s administrative sector for running the country
✓ Improve and ensure major governmental services and process
✓ Connect the processes and procedures between the different agencies
✓ Increase the sophistication level of the inter-connectedness between the government agencies
7.2 E-Government Project Implementation
The Digital Government Interagency Commission invested a total of USD 110 billion for
implementing systems to increase administrative transparency and efficiency as well as systems in
the area of government procurement, local governments, tax collection, information announcement,
eduction, health care, ICT-friendly culture and environment for the people and public servants,

al Analysis
47
election management and national standards, and submitted a 2008-2010 Action Plan to the e-
Government Coordinating Committee in 2008 that contained 24 projects, out of which, three
projects, La infraestructura de Conectividad del Estado Costarricense (ICEC), e-Procurement
System, Digital Taxation got approved as first priority projects. In 2009, four projects on
government e-procurement, immigration services, automated toll fee collection and Costa Rican
National Intranet got approved.
In the case of the e-procurement system Mer-Link, the implementation of which began in 2009 and
which has just been put into operation, it is expected that the system will bring about a 50%
reduction of time consumed for a work process and contribute to an approximately 2% increase of
GDP. As for the project La infraestructura de Conectividad del Estado Costarricense (ICEC), the
initial scope will include the government intranet used by the ICE and the DGIC and further expand
to enable information and digital document sharing between the government organizations and
online job processing. The establishment of an integrated data center for the different government
organizations and an e-Government portal system that will provide an integrated public service
through a portal to the benefit of not only the public servants but also the citizens are divided into
different project scopes. The projects will be carried out gradually in different stages.
Figure III-20: Structure of ICEC
7.3 Master Plan of Costa Rican e-Gov. 2011-2014
Costa Rican MIDEPLAN and the Korean NIPA have signed a MOU on the Establishment of a
Master Plan for an e-Government (2010-2014) and Cooperation in the Field of IT Services which
primarily focuses on support for the establishment of a master plan for a Costa Rican e-
Government, sharing Korea’s experience and expertise in e-Government, informatization of
services and strengthening cooperation in ICT.
The result of the MOU is the Master Plan for an e-Government 2011-2014, and based on an
analysis on the current digital environment, a roadmap to a Costa Rican e-Government was

48
established and priority projects were identified.
Once the vision and mission for e-Government of Costa Rica are achieved, the target image of
Costa Rican e-Government is a government that provides administrative services to its people
through various channels, improving the convenience of the people. Also it will be a government
that provides integrated and transparent administrative services for companies so that they can
have greater competitiveness. Within the government, all the agencies and departments will be
computerized and be linked through the network to enhance efficiency in process based on cloud
computing which is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resources, software, and
information are provided to computers and other devices on demand. Through this, the Costa
Rican government would be able to have interoperability. The diagram of the future image is below.
Figure III-21: Future Image of Costa Rican E-Government
In order to achieve this mission statement, the goal is set to enter ‘Stage 2 e-Government’ by 2014
with consideration to internal competency of Costa Rica in pursuing the e-Government in the past,
changes in external environments, citizen’s demand for Computerization and etc.

al Analysis
49
Figure III-22: Each stage of Costa Rican e-Government

50
8. Implication of ICT Environmental Analysis
The analysis of the ICT environment in Costa Rica shows that the country has been continuously
making various efforts on a national level to set up and implement strategies and plans for an e-
Government recognizing the need for an e-Government and an information-based society. In
particular, it is remarkable that it has established an organization, the DGIC, to pursue and
coordinate the policies for an e-Government and information-based society at the working level, as
well as the e-Government Coordinating Committee, which will make policy decisions and draw up
strategies at a higher level.
Nevertheless, with regards to the implementation of a Public Security System, which was proposed
in the Master Plan 2011-2014 of 2010 as an important project to be started and also recognized as
the most urgent project out of all the projects by the DGIC last June, an analysis of the ICT
environment shows that there is a lot of preparation to be done in many areas.
 Law and Regulation
✓ Set up and institutionalize regulations to enable related organizations to utilize the digital map
drawn up by the government for their work to strengthen public security
✓ Set up and institutionalize regulations for the establishment of a main system and database to
facilitate the efficient utilization of the Digital Map in related work
✓ Set up regulations to allow related organizations to share information on criminals, weapons,
vehicles as well as information related to work that are managed individually by the organizations
by providing access rights to each other’s information for enhanced public security
✓ Set up regulations related to privacy infringement to allow CCTV monitoring and use CCTV for
tracking dispatched vehicle location and for criminal facial recognition
 ICT Organization
✓ Build a Task Force Team to set the direction for establishing a Public Security System for the
DGIC, the Ministry of Public Security and the 9-1-1 Emergency Center
 Communication Infrastructure
✓ The Wired network infrastructure holds its own Intranet and is connected with the ICE network.
However an expansion plan should be established since the utilization of Internet in Police
Stations will be more widespread. Therefore it is necessary to establish a plan improving the
roadmap of ICE network.
✓ The current Wireless network infrastructure depends mostly on the Analog system like UHF/VHF.
The lack of a variety of channels and the uncoded transmission need urgent improvement.
Therefore it was planned to modify it to Digital TRS of ICE. However the voice communication and
low data rate has a limitation for the new requirements in the near future. Therefore an advanced
strategy needs to be executed and the current Analog walkie-talkies need to be replaced by a
wireless terminal with Broadband access for expanded functions.
✓ In the future the utilization of CCTV will be increased and CCTV with high resolution will be
indispensable. Therefore the current CCTV with the wireless networks through Wi-Fi should be
based on a fiber optic network for the stable transmission of high resolution images.

Technical Analysis
51
IV. Technical Analysis
1. Requirement Analysis
1.1 Citizen Survey
A survey of 100 San Jose citizens was conducted to collect opinion on the current status and future
direction of public security in Costa Rica.
Out of the 100 people surveyed, 33 were male, 63 female, and four did not indicate their gender.
Four of the respondents were between the ages of 11~20, eight between 21~30, 23 between
31~40, 29 between 41~50, 20 between 51~60 and 16 were over the age of 61.
Figure IV-23: Age structure
The occupational background of the survey respondents is as follows
Figure IV-24: Occupation structure

Technical Analysis
52
When asked how safe the respondent thinks the country is, no one responded ‘very safe’, four
responded ‘safe’, 21 responded ‘somewhat safe’ and a majority of 45 responded ‘not very safe’. 15
responded ‘not safe at all’ and those who had never thought it as safe also added up to 15. This
shows that those who responded negatively were 75 predominating over the 25 positive answers
reflecting the overall negative perception over public security in Costa Rica.
Figure IV-25: Do you perceive your country to be in secure?
When asked how much faith they have in the public security related organizations such as the
police or the judicial body, eight responded ‘very much’, 21 ‘much, 16 said they are ‘neutral’ to
those organizations, where as a majority of 32 responded that they do not really have much faith in
them, and also as many as 16 responded that they have little faith showing that there is a small
difference in the answers (45 positive, 55 negative). There were also seven who said they never
thought about this issue.
Figure IV-26: What level of trust in the organizations for public security?

Technical Analysis
53
When asked what kind of improvements they would like to see in the public security related
organizations, a majority of 47 answered ‘Enhancement of education program about safety for
citizens’ followed by ‘Adding human resources or equipment’ (44 respondents), ‘Enhancement of
training’ (43 respondents), ‘System enhancement by adoption of new technology’ (39 respondents),
and ‘Organizational structure’ (20 respondents).
Figure IV-27: What level of trust in the organizations for public security?
Asked about the level of reliability of the current 9-1-1 Emergency Center, seven responded ‘very
reliable’, 61 responded ‘reliable’, 11 responded ‘somewhat reliable’, 10 responded ‘not reliable’,
two responded ‘not at all reliable’, and nine answered that they have never given it a thought. 79
respondents gave positive answers showing that the level of trust in the single number for 9-1-1
calls was very high
Figure IV-28: Do you think your current emergency 9-1-1 system is reliable?

Technical Analysis
54
When asked whether they have made an emergency call report using the 9-1-1 system, 68
responded ‘yes’, 29 responded ‘no’, and three did not provide an answer. When asked about the
time it took for the response team to arrive upon receiving the call, 10 out the 68, who responded
‘yes’ said no one came, 14 responded the response team arrived immediately, nine responded it
arrived within ten minutes, and a majority of 22 responded 20 to 30 minutes. Five said the team
arrived within one hour, three said within two hours, one said within three hours and four did not
provide an answer.
Over half of them, 45 respondents, said the response team arrived within 30 minutes, which is
positive. On the other side, however, the different response time show a great gap within the city of
San Jose that it is difficult to say that the emergency dispatch system is firmly established yet, in
particular, as ten respondents said that no one came to help with one of them having to watch his
or her house burning down to the ground.
Figure IV-29: How long did it take from your call to the response team arrival?
Asked about the preferred method to call 9-1-1 other than the fixed or wireless telephone, a
majority of 56 responded ‘Speed dialing by Mobile phone,’ followed by SMS/MMS (21 respondents),
‘Video or CCTV’ (13 respondents), ‘Internet’ (13 respondents), ‘Mobile application in Smart phone’
(13 respondents), and ‘Dedicated pager’ (seven respondents).
Asked about the need to reinforce CCTV monitoring to enhance citizens’ safety, a majority of 35
responded ‘very much’, 24 responded ‘much’, 14 responded ‘neutral’, 11 responded ‘little’, four
said ‘very little’ and 12 responded they have never thought about the issue. One can conclude that
73% thinks there is a need to increase public security by using CCTVs

Technical Analysis
55
Figure IV-30: Level of usefulness of monitoring public security by CCTV?
Last, asked about the most serious crime in Costa Rica, a majority of 43 answered ‘drug trafficking’,
followed by ‘homicide’ (35 respondents), ‘assault’ (30 respondents), ‘rape’ (22 respondents),
‘robbery/burglary’ (21 respondents), ‘auto theft’ (nine respondents), ‘shooting’ (eight respondents)
and other opinions included ‘kidnapping’ (four respondents) and ‘child sex offending’ (one
respondent).
Figure IV-31: What is the most serious crime in Costa Rica?

Technical Analysis
56
1.2 Police Officers Survey
A survey of 57 police officers in the Public Force (Fuerza Pública) was conduct to find out about
the basic usage of the current IT and the satisfaction level. When asked about the plan to provide
24X7X365 CCTV monitoring services and establish a Public Security System to enhance citizens’
safety and prevent crime, 14 officers thought ‘very positive’ of the plan, 14 ‘positive’, a majority of
20 ‘neutral’, one ‘negative’ and eight ‘no opinion at this time.
Figure IV-32: Opinion about Public Security System?
When asked whether such a system would help them in performing their work, a majority of 44
said ‘yes’, eleven said ‘no’, and one for ‘don’t know’ and one did not respond
Figure IV-33: Do you think this system will be helpful to you?

Technical Analysis
57
Asked about whether they had automated work processes, 27 officers responded that their work
process was ‘manual’, two responded they had ‘automated’ work process, and 17 said they had
both. 11 did not respond.
Asked about the level of IT system deployment in the organization, a majority of 27 said below
25%, eleven said 25~50%, nine said 51~75%, one said 76~100% and nine did not respond.
Approximately 67% of the respondents thought the level of system deployement to be below 50%
which could also be seen as an indication of the satisfaction level of the systems deployed.
Figure IV-34: Your organization’s informatization level?
Asked about the type of Internet which they access in the office, eleven responded LAN, six ADSL,
ten Leased Line, a majority of 19 did not respond and eleven said that they had no Internet
connection.

Technical Analysis
58
Figure IV-35: How connect to Internet in your office?
Asked whether they are satisfied with the hardware such as computers they use at workplace,
twelve said yes, but a majoriy of 24 said no, and 21 responded that they do not even have a
hardware
Figure IV-36: Are you satisfied with current HW on your work?
When asked what communication device or method they use to share information with other
related organizations (multiple answers allowed), 19 answered telephone, 14 said fax machines,
18 said ‘electronic document’, a majority of 30 respondents did not answer, and two responded
they do not have such a device. Six mentioned that they talk to each other face to face.

Technical Analysis
59
Figure IV-37: Media for sharing information with other organizations?
Last, when asked whether they think that CCTV monitoring will help prevent crime, a majority of 42
or 72% of the respondents said ‘yes’, no one saying ‘no’, and 15 providing no answer.
Figure IV-38: Do you think CCTV monitoring is necessary to prevent crime?

Technical Analysis
60
2. Current Status
Costa Rica has introduced a 9-1-1 Emergency System with the single number 9-1-1 for emergency
calls since 1995 and directed all calls for accidents and emergency cases to the 9-1-1 Emergency
Center, which reports the calls to the nine related organizations including the Public Force, the Fire
department, the Red Cross and the Ocean Policy to enable each of the organizations to respond to
the cases in an adequate manner.
Although the Ministry of Public Security is the main organization in charge of public security, the 9-
1-1 Emergency Center is under the control of the ICE, and the Firefighting Department and the
Red Cross are also run as an separate organization. Also, out of the 35 cities in the country, 14
have their own police force, and the Transit Police and the Immigration Police are also separately
run organizations, which shows that the organizational structure for the public security is
subdivided into these different organizations.
And each organization uses only radio devices or telephones for the most part of their work as the
main tool for communication.
2.1 9-1-1 Emergency Center12
2.1.1 Overall Status
 Vision: Integrating emergency services in the country to provide timely, efficient and quality
 Mission: Provide timely emergency care of people in the country, with technology and staff
committed to the service provided
There are a total of 56 operators at the 9-1-1 Emergency Center with 24 work stations. Two
supervisors monitor the incoming calls at each workstation, checks whether or not the relevant
orgnizations responded to the emergency calls received and also makes calls to the organizations
that did not respond to the emergency calls to ensure all calls are responded to.
During the morning hours, 14 to 16 operators are on duty, 18 to 20 in the afternoon, 17 at night
time to enable a 24-hour operation. As for the emergency calls that the center received 17 years
ago till it had the digital equipment (up to 2009), all conversations were recorded in cassette tapes
and kept in storage. With the introduction of digital equipment, it has a recording system that
records all the conversations.

Technical Analysis
61
Figure IV-39: 9-1-1 Emergency Center
2.1.2 Business Process
Currently, the 9-1-1 Emergency Center only receives fixed and wireless telephone calls, and the
calls received through the PBX are entered into the system by the operator via the current call
receiving system Viper CAD; depending on the type of case and the situation involved, the
information is sent to a total of nine related organizations.
When the emergency call gets registered at the 9-1-1 Emergency Center, it comes in through the
PSTN network, and all the server and network of the center have double-take availability, while the
network with the related organizations uses ICE’s Private Cloud.
The current call receiving system was first put into operations in 2009, and it is a product called
Viper CAD manufactured by Positron, and each organization has the same product line to receive
the registered calls.
The center receives the local DB for ANI(Automatic Number Identification)/ALI(Automatic Location
Identification) from the ICE, and as for the mobile phone user’s location, it can be retrieved
manually with the help of a tracking application.

Technical Analysis
62
Conmutador
principal
Firewall
Enrutador
secundario
Enrutador
primario
Recursos y servicios
Proveedor de
servicios
Operadores
.
.
.
.
1MB
2MB
Figure IV-40: Configuration of 9-1-1 Emergency Center
The corporate network of the 9-1-1 Emergency System consists of a central site and 26 remote
sites with a total of 75 workstations distributed in the following institutions:
 List of related organizations connected to the 9-1-1 Emergency Center
✓ Red Cross
✓ Ministry of Public Security, Public Force (Fuerza Pública)
✓ National Women's Institute (INAMU, Instituto Nacional de la Mujer)
✓ Judicial Investigation (OIJ, Organismo de Investigación Judicial)
✓ Traffic Police (Policía de Tránsito)
✓ National Children’s Board (PANI, Patronato Nacional de la Infancia)
✓ National Commission for Risk Prevention and Emergency Response (CNE, Comisión Nacional de
Prevención de Riesgos y Atención de Emergencias)
✓ Social Security Board (CCSS, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social)
✓ Fire Fighting (Cuerpo de Bomberos del Instituto Nacional de Seguros)
2.1.3. ICT Environment
The following is a network diagram of the 9-1-1 emergency center. 9-1-1 Emergency Center
transmits incident information to relevant agencies via Red Privada Network of ICE.

Technical Analysis
63
Figure IV-41: Network Diagram of 9-1-1 Emergency Center
The location of the communication centers of the institutions linked to the 9-1-1 emergency center,
the number of workstations, bandwidth of the network, time and distance to San Jose, where the 9-
1-1 Emergency Center is located, is as follows:
Table IV-16: Location of Communication Centers
Province Institution
No. of
Workstations
Bandwidth
Distance from San José
Kms Time
San José CNE 2 1Mbps 8kms 45 min
Cruz Roja 5 2Mbps 4kms 30min
INAMU 1 2Mbps 4,1kms 45min
MSP 8 2Mbps 5,5kms 45min
OIJ 1 1Mbps 4,1kms 45min
PANI 1 2Mbps 4kms 30min
Transito 5 2Mbps 4kms 30min
C.C.S.S 1 1Mbps 6Kms 45min
Perez Zeledón MSP 1 1Mbps 134kms 4 horas
Cruz Roja 1 1Mbps 134kms 4 horas
Alajuela MSP 2 1Mbps 26kms 1hora, 20 min
Cruz Roja 1 1Mbps 21kms 1 hora
MSP/Aeropuerto 1 1Mbps 20kms 1 hora
Ciudad Quesada MSP 1 1Mbps 95kms 3 horas
Heredia MSP 1 1Mbps 11kms 35min
Cruz Roja 1 1Mbps 11kms 35min

Technical Analysis
64
Bomberos 5 2Mbps 7kms 25min
Cartago MSP 1 1Mbps 23kms 1 hora
Cruz Roja 1 1Mbps 23kms 1 hora
Limón MSP 1 1Mbps 160kms 3 horas
Guanacaste MSP 1 1Mbps 220kms 5 horas
Puntarenas MSP 1 1Mbps 110kms 3 horas
Ciudad Nelly MSP 1 1Mbps 331kms 6 horas
The ICT related H/W and S/W status of the 9-1-1 Emergency Center is as follows;
Table IV-17: ICT related S/W of 9-1-1 Center
Name Company Year Details/Purpose
ViperCAD Positron 2009
Set of modules that allow the receiving and
processing emergency calls and the transmission
of information with institutions that provide
emergency response reported.
2.1.4 Organization
Comisión
Coordinadora
Dirección
Capital
Humano
Tecnologías
de
Información
Electromecánica
y Telefonía
Asesoría
Legal
Operaciones Proveeduria
Servicios
Generales
Auditoría
Contraloría
de Servicios
Prensa y
Relaciones
Públicas
Salud
Ocupacional
Finanzas
Figure IV-42: Organization Chart of 9-1-1 Center

public safety and security service feasibility study for Costarica

public safety and security service feasibility study for Costarica

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to public safety and security service feasibility study for Costarica

Similar to public safety and security service feasibility study for Costarica (20)

More from YoungTae (Henry) Huh

More from YoungTae (Henry) Huh (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

public safety and security service feasibility study for Costarica