Psychological foundation of behavior
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The document discusses Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory of personality. It states that according to psychoanalysis, the main cause of behavior lies in the unconscious mind. It describes Freud's concepts of the id, ego, and superego - the three parts that make up his structural model of the psyche. The id operates on the pleasure principle, the ego mediates between the id, superego and environment using reality principle, and the superego internalizes societal values and ideals.
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Overview of major theories of personality in psychology, including:
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This was presented on my Masteral Class on the subject: Seminar on Group Counseling and Psychotherapy. Feel free to edit, add your info, and even tweak the presentations to your desire.
Side-note: Pictures seen in the presentation are from artists from DeviantArt, Credit goes to all of them.
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Allport proposed that personality develops through stages of selfhood from infancy to adulthood. The earliest stage is the bodily self in infancy, focused on physical sensations and needs. Next is the personal self of childhood, where a sense of identity separates from others. In adolescence and beyond, the social self emerges through relationships and roles. The final stage is the transpersonal self, oriented toward universal principles like justice that transcend individual concerns. Allport saw personality developing as an increasingly complex self-concept at the core of one's being.
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Freud's psychoanalytic theory proposes that personality is influenced by unconscious motives and conflicts from our childhood experiences. He described three parts of personality: the id operates on the pleasure principle, the ego balances id impulses with reality, and the superego acts as our moral conscience. Modern trait theories, like the widely validated Five Factor Model, describe personality in terms of five broad traits: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Both psychoanalytic and trait theories aim to understand and predict human behavior.
Chapter 10
The document summarizes several theories of personality, including psychoanalytic, humanistic, trait, and learning approaches. It describes Freud's structural model of the id, ego, and superego. It also outlines Jung's concepts of the collective unconscious and archetypes. Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Rogers' fully functioning person are discussed as humanistic theories. Trait theories view personality traits as stable over time and across situations. Social cognitive theory examines observational learning and self-regulation. Personality can be measured through objective tests like the MMPI or projective tests like the Rorschach.
Personality(2)
The document discusses several theories of personality including:
1) Freud's psychoanalytic perspective which views personality as arising from conflicts between the id, ego, and superego. He believed personality develops in early childhood through resolving unconscious conflicts.
2) The Big Five model which describes personality along five dimensions: emotional stability, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.
3) Maslow's self-actualization theory which proposed people strive to fulfill their potential and described traits of self-actualized people like self-awareness and problem-centered thinking.
4) Social-cognitive perspectives which view behavior as learned through conditioning, observation, and the interaction of
Personality(2)
The document discusses several theories of personality including:
1) Freud's psychoanalytic perspective which views personality as arising from conflicts between the id, ego, and superego. He believed personality develops in early childhood through resolving unconscious conflicts.
2) The Big Five model which describes personality along five dimensions: emotional stability, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.
3) Maslow's theory of self-actualization which proposes people strive to fulfill their potential and that healthy, creative individuals are self-aware, open, and problem-centered rather than self-centered.
4) Social-cognitive perspectives which view behavior as learned through conditioning, observation,
sub 4
The document discusses concepts related to personology, which is the study of personality. It defines personality as the sum of characteristics that influence a person's behavior, noting that personality is shaped by biological, environmental, interpersonal, cultural, psychological, and spiritual factors. The document also examines several theories of personality, including trait theories, psychoanalytic approaches, behaviorist approaches, humanist approaches, and biological approaches. It provides descriptions of key concepts in personology like temperament, traits, types, self-concept, and self-esteem.
Theories related to the learner's development
This document summarizes several theories related to learner development:
- Freud's theory of personality comprising the id, ego, and superego, and his psychosexual stages of development.
- Erikson's psychosocial stages of development.
- Kohlberg's stages of moral development consisting of pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional levels.
- Piaget's four stages of cognitive development.
- Vygotsky's zone of proximal development referring to skills a learner can perform with assistance but not independently.
- Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory examining environmental influences on a child's development.
Id, Ego and Superego.pptx
The id operates according to the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of instincts. The superego incorporates societal morals and ideals that generate feelings of guilt. The ego acts as a mediator between the id and superego, balancing their demands with the reality principle by delaying gratification or sublimating urges into socially acceptable forms. An imbalance, such as an overly dominant id, superego, or ego, can disrupt healthy functioning and lead to maladaptive behaviors. Freud believed mental health requires a harmonious balance between the id, superego, and external world, mediated by a strong ego.
Theoretical model
- Freud's psychoanalytic theory views personality as being divided into the id, ego, and superego. The id operates based on the pleasure principle, the ego balances the demands of the id and reality, and the superego incorporates moral standards.
- Freud also proposed psychosexual stages of development from infancy through young adulthood and the concepts of the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious.
- Sullivan's interpersonal theory emphasizes that personality develops through relationships and interactions with others. It focuses on reducing anxiety and achieving interpersonal security.
Freud psycho-analytical theory
Sigmund Freud founded psychoanalysis and developed theories of the unconscious mind, personality structure, and psychosexual development. He proposed that the mind is divided into the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels. The personality consists of the id, ego, and superego. Psychic energy from the id is regulated by the ego and superego. Defense mechanisms like repression and reaction formation protect the ego from anxiety. The goal of psychoanalysis is to bring unconscious material into consciousness to resolve internal conflicts maturely.
Personality. .pptx
Personality can be defined as the total qualities of an individual's behavior, including habits, thinking, attitudes, interests and reactions. It is shaped by both hereditary and environmental factors.
There are several theories on the structure and types of personality. Sheldon's classification categorized people into three body types - endomorphic, mesomorphic, and ectomorphic - and associated temperamental characteristics with each. Freud's psychoanalytic theory proposed that personality has three components: the id (biological drives), ego (reality principle), and superego (social norms). A balanced interaction between these components results in mental health.
PERDEV2.pptx
The document discusses three key aspects of human development: physical, cognitive, and psychosocial. It also discusses factors that influence human development such as heredity, environment, and maturation. It defines personal development as a process of self-reflection, self-understanding, and learning new values and skills to reach one's full potential. The document also discusses the concepts of ideal self versus actual self, and describes self-concept and personality in terms of Freud's concepts of the id, ego, and superego.
Educational psychology
This document provides an overview of psychology and educational psychology. It defines psychology as the science of the mind and behavior. The major branches of psychology discussed include abnormal psychology, clinical psychology, comparative psychology, developmental psychology, educational psychology, industrial psychology, and social psychology. Educational psychology is concerned with applying psychological knowledge to education. Key topics in educational psychology revolve around the learner, the learning process, and the learning situation. The document also discusses theories related to learning and development, including psychoanalysis, behaviorism, humanism, and stages of development proposed by Freud, Erikson, Piaget, Kohlberg, and others.
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Ob ppt personality & henry ford case f & g section, 8 & 9 aug (1)
Ob ppt personality & henry ford case f & g section, 8 & 9 aug (1)
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UTS.THE-PSYCHOLOGICAL-PERSPECTIVE-OF-THE-SELF.pptx
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Psychological foundation of behavior
- 1. The source of your strengths is your self; Discover it. The source of your weaknesses is the thought of weakness; Overcome it. NAQEEB Kohat University of Science & Technology
- 3. Psychoanalysis Developed - Sigmund Freud Approach - Therapy & theory of Personality Emphasis - Main cause of behavior buried in the unconscious mind.
- 4. Levels of Consciousness Conscious - current awareness Preconscious - not aware of material but it’s retrievable Unconscious - not aware of material but it’s not retrievable
- 6. The Structure of Personality ID EGO SUPEREGO
- 7. The Structure of Personality Id Source of all drives and urges Operates on pleasure principle
- 8. The Structure of Personality Ego ‘Executive body’ Ego is nothing but an image of one self Develops around 2-3 years of age Operates on reality principle Mediates between id, superego, and environment
- 9. The Structure of Personality Superego- ‘Upholder of Values and Ideals’ Men is to be born free, but is everywhere in chains The part of the mind that internalizes the values, morals, and ideals of society Develops around age 5
- 10. Thank you